Job Stress (Psychology)

The identity of a person raised across continents is often defined by a duality, a constant negotiation between two distinct worlds (Acker, 2006; Adler and Singer, 2023; Collins, 2015; Kato, 2015; López, Erwin, Binder & Chavez, 2018). For a child born in Gonaïves, the "City of Independence" in the Artibonite heartland of Haiti, and subsequently raised in the sprawling, multicultural metropolis of Houston, Texas, this duality is particularly rich. This life trajectory forms a unique Creole identity: one rooted in the resilience, culture, and history of the Caribbean's first free republic, and simultaneously shaped by the ambition, diversity, and sprawling modernity of the American South (Acker, 2006; Adler and Singer, 2023; Collins, 2015; Kato, 2015; López, Erwin, Binder & Chavez, 2018). This paper will explore the profound impact of this transatlantic experience, analyzing how the cultural heritage of Gonaïves grounds the individual, how the environment of Houston shapes their worldview, and how the synthesis of the two creates a perspective uniquely positioned to navigate the modern world.

This paper explores the role of work-life balance (WLB) in enhancing employee motivation. It also examines how balancing professional and personal life impacts business management. Design/methodology/approach: The research used a quantitative methodology and an online survey of 102 individuals. It focused on flexible working hours, private medical care, and company cars. Findings: Flexible working hours were the most effective tool for improving WLB. A positive correlation was found between WLB perception and employee motivation. Research limitations/implications: The study is limited to a specific demographic and geographic scope. Future research could explore diverse cultural and occupational contexts. Practical implications: Flexible working hours and private medical care significantly enhance employee satisfaction. These strategies also strengthen employer branding and reduce turnover. Social implications: Promoting WLB can reduce stress and improve societal well-being. Organisations adopting WLB strategies set benchmarks for corporate social responsibility. Originality/value: This study evaluates WLB tools and their impact on employee motivation. It provides valuable insights for HR managers and organisational leaders.

This study investigated the interplay between mental health and family dynamics among working women in Punjab province of Pakistan, during Covid-19 pandemic using primary data collected from 250 women working in public and private organizations through a structured questionnaire and employing the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale (FQOL) to evaluate psychological wellbeing and familial satisfaction. Statistical analysis via Multiple regression analysis revealed high levels of depression and anxiety, particularly among working mothers managing childcare, domestic obligations, and professional responsibilities. Women with extended family support reported better mental health and life satisfaction compared to those in nuclear households. Factors such as marital status, challenging work environments, and lower income correlated with poorer mental health outcomes. In contrast, joint family structures, marital stability, supportive workplace environment, and higher income were positively enhanced life satisfaction, while economic hardships worsened well-being.

The concept of workplace spiritualty (WS) has gained importance in the last years. However, most of the research has been qualitative and focused on culture in the United States. The purpose of this study is to expand the understanding of workplace spirituality by conducting an empirical analysis of its impact on employee outcomes such as job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention, and individual innovative behavior in Mexico and the United States. The research model predicts that workplace spirituality will have an effect on all employee outcomes. A total of 304 employees from different industries in Mexico and the US were surveyed. Results from PLS analysis show that workplace spirituality has a positive and significant relationship with all employee outcomes including turnover intention. The latter is different from what was hypothesized, however, a possible explanation is offered. In addition, a test of workplace spirituality perception differences between the two countries was conducted. The result indicates that people from both countries perceive workplace spirituality differently. Last but not least I'd like to thank all of my friends that I met through the Ph.D. studies. Friendship will be there forever. Thank you Ruth, Pete, Chaiwat, Murad and all my peers who were always willing to help. ABSTRACT .

The paper deals with the possibilities of diagnostics of the moral reasoning of children and adults, focused on the use of the Test of moral reasoning. The tool is a modification of the original Test of moral maturity of personality, which authors are J. Kotásková and I. Vajda. The modified test distinguishes between passive, constructive and destructive approaches of conflicts among pupils (children). In the first part of the article we offer an overview of selected ours and foreign diagnostic tools that can examine the moral reasoning of children and adults. In the next section we present the partial results of research of moral reasoning, involving 408 respondents, including 283 children (pupils) aged 10-13 years, 84 elementary school teachers and 41 parents. Our goal was to compare the moral reasoning of children and adults, children of elementary schools and children of special educational institutions. We were interested in differences between teachers and parents, where we assumed that teachers will suggest more often constructive approaches of conflicts than parents. The results show the highest incidence of passive approaches of conflicts from the perspective of children and adults.

The concept of workplace spiritualty (WS) has gained importance in the last years. However, most of the research has been qualitative and focused on culture in the United States. The purpose of this study is to expand the understanding of workplace spirituality by conducting an empirical analysis of its impact on employee outcomes such as job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention, and individual innovative behavior in Mexico and the United States. The research model predicts that workplace spirituality will have an effect on all employee outcomes. A total of 304 employees from different industries in Mexico and the US were surveyed. Results from PLS analysis show that workplace spirituality has a positive and significant relationship with all employee outcomes including turnover intention. The latter is different from what was hypothesized, however, a possible explanation is offered. In addition, a test of workplace spirituality perception differences between the two countries was conducted. The result indicates that people from both countries perceive workplace spirituality differently. Last but not least I'd like to thank all of my friends that I met through the Ph.D. studies. Friendship will be there forever. Thank you Ruth, Pete, Chaiwat, Murad and all my peers who were always willing to help. ABSTRACT .

This study investigates the factors influencing work-related stress, burnout, and occupational accidents in the civil construction sector. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Measurement scales for stress, fatigue, and occupational accidents were reviewed, translated, and adapted from prior studies to suit the context of construction workers. A total of 275 questionnaires were distributed, with 269 valid responses analyzed using SmartPLS (ver 3.2.8). Data analysis encompassed evaluating the validity and reliability of scales and exploring the relationships among key concepts in the research model. The findings highlight the significant influence of job attributes, co-worker relationships, and work environment on work-related stress. These factors trigger psychological changes that exacerbate worker fatigue and contribute to increased occupational accident rates. Novel insights emphasize the interdependence of these elements in shaping worker behavior and safety outcomes. The study provides a foundation for developing targeted strategies to mitigate stress and fatigue, reduce occupational hazards, and promote well-being among construction workers. By offering an integrated analysis, this research contributes to advancing the understanding of safety management practices in the construction industry.

Background: People with oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) are highly vulnerable to mental health challenges due to stigma, discrimination, unemployment, and social exclusion. The Busoga region of Uganda has one of the highest concentrations of individuals with OCA, yet little is known about their mental health burden. This study assessed the prevalence and risk factors of common mental illnesses (CMIs) among people with OCA in Busoga. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 individuals with clinically confirmed OCA. Data were collected using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics summarized prevalence, and binary logistic regression identified independent risk factors for CMIs. Results: The overall prevalence of CMIs was 32.9%. Depression (32.4%), post-traumatic stress disorder (23.8%), and alcohol use disorder (26.6%) were the most common conditions. Independent predictors included younger age (18-25 years, AOR=4.9, p=0.02), Christian affiliation (AOR=1.5, p=0.017), absence of income (AOR=1.6, p=0.005), stress (AOR=1.6, p=0.03), and social exclusion (AOR=2.5, p=0.009). Conclusion: Nearly one-third of individuals with OCA in Busoga experience CMIs, with depression, PTSD, and alcohol use disorder most prevalent. Younger age, economic vulnerability, stress, and social exclusion emerged as the strongest predictors. Tailored interventions that integrate mental health services with stigma reduction and economic empowerment are urgently needed.

Multitasking is becoming ever more prevalent in learning contexts, so it is essential to know about its cognitive influence. While there is evidence that multitasking degrades executive function, others propose that its influence is context dependent. The current study investigated the association between internet multitasking and problem-solving capacity among 361 Sikkim college and university students (189 males, 172 females), with gender differences. Internet multitasking was measured with the 5-item Internet Multitasking Scale (Reinecke et al., 2016), which had high reliability (α = .84), and problem-solving was quantified with the 35-item Problem-Solving Inventory (Heppner & Peterson, 1982), which also had high reliability (α = .90). On this problem-solving scale, higher scores represent lower functional ability. Scores indicated that men did ever so marginally better at multitasking (M = 26.7) and problem-solving (M = 117) compared to women (M = 23.4 and 113, respectively). There was a large positive correlation (Spearman's ρ = 0.672, p < .001) indicating that there was more multitasking related to poorer functional problem-solving ability. There were gender differences on internet multitasking (p = 0.046), but not for problem-solving (p = 0.250). Regression analysis confirmed that internet multitasking significantly predicted problem-solving scores (β = 0.505, p < .001) with 25.5% of variance accounted for (R² = 0.255). Excessive multitasking may disable effective problem-solving. Future studies should investigate the relationship longitudinally, and educational institutions should promote reflective technology use to enable the cognitive potential of students.

Cognitive defusion techniques, a core process within third-wave cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs) such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), represents a fundamental shift from the traditional CBT goal of challenging and changing thoughts. Instead, cognitive defusion aims to alter the client's relationship with their thoughts, allowing them to observe their mental content from a detached, non-judgmental perspective. This paper provides a comprehensive review of cognitive defusion, exploring its theoretical underpinnings, its practical application through various techniques, and its demonstrated efficacy in treating a wide range of psychological conditions. We will argue that by empowering clients to recognize thoughts as mere mental events, rather than literal truths or commands, cognitive defusion offers a powerful and flexible tool for reducing psychological distress, fostering emotional resilience, and promoting behavioral change in alignment with personal values.





Keywords: Cognitive defusion, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), cognitive behavioral therapy, metacognition, psychological flexibility, thought-action fusion, mindfulness, mental health.

The Department of Artibonite in Haiti is a region of immense, yet unrealized, agricultural potential. While it has historically been the nation’s breadbasket for rice production, its agricultural sector has been devastated by a combination of detrimental trade policies, climate change, and chronic political instability. This has led to a crippling dependence on foreign food imports and a state of widespread food insecurity. This in-depth paper presents a strategic blueprint for the cultivation of wild rice (*Zizania spp.*), a high-value, climate-resilient crop, in the Artibonite Valley. Unlike traditional rice, wild rice requires a different set of ecological conditions and cultivation techniques. This in-depth paper outlines a detailed plan for its introduction, including an analysis of the region's climate and hydrology, a phased implementation strategy, and a discussion of the institutional and community-based support necessary for success. It argues that by leveraging its unique hydro-geographical features and fostering a collaborative, community-led approach, the Artibonite can not only revitalize its agricultural sector but also establish a new, sustainable economic engine rooted in a high-value, export-oriented crop.


Keywords: Wild rice, Artibonite, Haiti, agriculture, food security, climate resilience, sustainable development, agroecology, community-based agriculture, irrigation.

Attachment theory, pioneered by John Bowlby, posits that early relationships with primary caregivers profoundly shape an individual's psychological and relational development. While much of the foundational research focused on the mother-child dyad, a growing body of literature highlights the unique and critical role of the father-son relationship. This paper explores the complex phenomenon of the intergenerational transmission of avoidant attachment, where a father, having experienced a similar pattern of emotional neglect or unavailability during his own formative years, unconsciously replicates this style of relating with his son. We will examine the behavioral and emotional manifestations of this pattern, the psychological mechanisms that perpetuate it across generations, and the profound impact it has on the son’s development, including his emotional regulation, relational capacity, and identity formation. The paper concludes by outlining therapeutic interventions aimed at breaking this cycle and fostering secure attachment.




Keywords: Avoidant attachment, intergenerational transmission, father-son relationship, emotional neglect, psychological development, attachment theory, relational trauma, emotional regulation, intimacy.

Haiti's Artibonite Department, the nation's traditional breadbasket, is a region of immense agricultural potential and a deep-seated passion for football. However, it is also a region grappling with extreme poverty, a lack of formal employment opportunities, and recent challenges with gang violence that have disrupted its core economic activities. This paper presents a detailed blueprint for the establishment of a "People's League of Gonaives", a professional football league in the Artibonite Department built on a revolutionary profit-sharing model. Unlike traditional leagues that serve as a source of revenue for a few wealthy owners, this league would be a community-owned enterprise designed to be a driver of local economic development, providing not only stable, dignified employment for athletes and staff but also reinvesting a significant portion of its profits directly back into the communities it serves. The paper outlines the necessary organizational structure, financial model, and community engagement strategy to make this a sustainable and transformative project.




Keywords: Haiti, Artibonite, soccer, football, profit sharing, community development, social enterprise, economic empowerment, sports league, youth engagement.

Artykuł oryginalny/Original paper S t r e s z c z e n i e W Ws st tę ęp p: : Metoda Kinesio Taping w schorzeniach reumatycznych (przewlekłych, postępujących) jest stosowana jako środek wspomagający proces leczenia zarówno rehabilitacyjnego, jak i farmakologicznego. Wykorzystuje się techniki aplikacji korekcyjnej i powięziowej (rozluźnienie tkanek miękkich o wzmożonym napięciu). Zastosowanie znajdują również techniki wzmacniające osłabione mięśnie (aplikacje więzadłowo-ścięgniste, aplikacje funkcjonalne) oraz aplikacje miejscowe na zajęte procesem zapalnym stawy. C Ce el l p pr ra ac cy y: : W pracy przedstawiono wybrane aplikacje kliniczne u dzieci chorujących na młodzieńcze idiopatyczne zapalenie stawów oraz twardzinę ograniczoną na przykładach analizy przypadków. W Wn ni io os sk ki i: : Dotychczasowe obserwacje wskazują, że Kinesio Taping jest skuteczną metodą wspomagającą kompleksową rehabilitację u dzieci z chorobami zapalnymi tkanki łącznej. Jest metodą prostą i akceptowaną zarówno przez dziecko, jak i jego rodziców.

Wstęp: Metoda Kinesio Taping w schorzeniach reumatycznych (przewlekłych, postępujących) jest stosowana jako środek wspomagający proces leczenia zarówno rehabilitacyjnego, jak i farmakologicznego. Wykorzystuje się techniki aplikacji korekcyjnej i powięziowej (rozluźnienie tkanek miękkich o wzmożonym napięciu). Zastosowanie znajdują również techniki wzmacniające osłabione mięśnie (aplikacje więzadłowo-ścięgniste, aplikacje funkcjonalne) oraz aplikacje miejscowe na zajęte procesem zapalnym stawy. Cel pracy: W pracy przedstawiono wybrane aplikacje kliniczne u dzieci chorujących na młodzieńcze idiopatyczne zapalenie stawów oraz twardzinę ograniczoną na przykładach analizy przypadków. Wnioski: Dotychczasowe obserwacje wskazują, że Kinesio Taping jest skuteczną metodą wspomagającą kompleksową rehabilitację u dzieci z chorobami zapalnymi tkanki łącznej. Jest metodą prostą i akceptowaną zarówno przez dziecko, jak i jego rodziców. S u m m a r y

Haiti's profound and systemic challenges ranging from pervasive poverty and political instability to rampant gang violence are inextricably linked by a single, corrosive force: entrenched corruption. For decades, international and domestic efforts to foster economic development and strengthen democratic institutions have failed to take hold, primarily because they have been built upon a foundation of sand. This paper argues that for a functional state to emerge and for a free market system to thrive, Haiti's leaders must first demonstrate a ruthless and unwavering political will to crack down on corruption. This is not merely a policy objective; it is the indispensable first domino in a chain reaction that will establish an impartial judiciary, ensure public order, and finally create the secure and predictable environment necessary for economic prosperity. Without a genuine war on corruption, every other effort from infrastructure projects to aid programs is destined to fail.














Keywords: Haiti, corruption, rule of law, judiciary, public order, economic development, state failure, political will, transparency, institutional reform.

Utprövning för svenska förhållanden Sammanfattning Big Five Inventory (BFI) är ett test bestående av 44 påståenden avsett att mäta de fem grundläggande personlighetsdimensionerna Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism och Openness . Testet har utformats främst för forskningsändamål men någon systematisk utprövning för svenska förhållanden har inte gjorts. Enkäter distribuerades till fem olika undersökningsgrupper med varierande bakgrund (n=431, 45% män och 55% kvinnor), i ålder varierande från 18 till 80 år. Testet analyserades i relation till demografiska variabler, samt arbetslivsrelaterade faktorer såsom arbetsmotiv, intressen, yrkes-och utbildningsval, samt attityder och fördomar. Resultaten visade på en god reliabilitet (Cronbach's alpha-koefficienter varierande mellan .73 och .84), en tydlig faktorstruktur samt låga till måttliga korrelationer mellan dimensionerna. De fem personlighetsdimensionernas samband med de arbetslivsrelaterade faktorerna var i allmänhet i förväntad riktning. Särskilt tydligt var detta för dimensionen Openness. Inte i något fall visade resultaten samband som gick i motsatt riktning mot vad som förväntades. Slutsatsen är att BFI är ett tillförlitligt test som fungerar väl att användas främst i forsknings-och utbildningssyfte. Teorin bakom "the Big Five" finns väl beskriven i litteraturen (se t ex Pervin & John, 1999; Pervin, Cervone, & John, 2005). Bakgrunden till teorin startade bl a i upplevelsen av att många olika personlighetstester omfattade mer eller mindre identiska eller delvis överlappande personlighetsdimensioner . Många analyser har sedan visat att mycket av variationen i olika mätinstrument kan sammanfattas i de fem dimensionerna Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism samt Openness. Extraversion (utåtriktning) handlar om kvantitet och intensitet i interpersonella relationer, behov av stimulans och aktivitet och förmåga till njutning. En person som är extravert är social, aktiv, pratsam, personorienterad, optimistisk, tillgiven och gillar att ha kul. En person som, å andra sidan, är introvert är reserverad, måttfull, otillgänglig, uppgiftsorienterad, tillbakadragen och tystlåten. Agreeableness (vänlighet) brukar definieras som graden av sympati, medkänsla i tankar, känslor och handlingar. En vänlig eller sympatisk person är godhjärtad, tillitsfull, hjälpsam, förlåtande, lättrogen och uppriktig. Personer på andra änden av skalan, dvs ovänliga och osympatiska, är cyniska, oförskämda, misstänksamma, samarbetsobenägna, hämndlystna, lättirriterade och manipulativa. Conscientiousness (noggrannhet, samvetsgrannhet) handlar om en persons grad av organisationsförmåga, uthållighet och målmedvetenhet. En person som befinner sig högt på skalan är organiserad, pålitlig, arbetar hårt, har självdisciplin, är punktlig, renlig, ambitiös och uthållig. En person som befinner sig lågt på skalan är lat, opålitlig, hållningslös, saknar mål, är oförsiktig, vårdslös och hedonistisk. Neuroticism definieras som emotionell instabilitet. En person högt på skalan är känslosam, osäker och nervös, oroar sig för mycket, t ex sin hälsa. En person som är känslomässigt stabil är lugn och avslappnad, inte känslosam, säker, uthållig och nöjd med sig själv. Openness (öppenhet), slutligen, berör öppenhet för nya erfarenheter och intellektuell stimulans. En person som är öppen är nyfiken, har breda intressen, är kreativ och originell, fantasirik och otraditionell. En sluten person, å andra sidan, är konventionell, står med båda fötterna på jorden, har begränsade intressen, är inte artistisk och inte analytisk. Teorin inte bara sammanfattar den brokiga uppsjö av trait-teorier som finns inom personlighetsområdet, utan den binder samman så skilda perspektiv som biologiska, behavioristiska och socialkognitiva synsätt på personlighet (Pervin, Cervone, & John, 2005). Personligheten ses som grundad i vårt biologiska arv, men påverkas och utvecklas av de konkreta erfarenheter vi gör, under vår uppväxt och i vårt dagliga liv.

The global discourse on Haiti’s economic challenges often focuses on a singular prescription: the adoption of a free-market system. While a free market is indeed a powerful engine for economic growth, it is not a standalone panacea. It is a complex ecosystem that can only flourish within the fertile ground of a functional state. This paper argues that for a free market to thrive in Haiti, the government must first embark on a foundational project of state-building, focusing on three non-negotiable pillars: establishing a monopoly on security, creating an independent and effective justice system, and building the institutional capacity to provide essential public goods. By prioritizing these functions, the Haitian government can transition from a failed state to a capable one, thereby creating the essential conditions for a sustainable and prosperous capitalist economy to take root.








Keywords: Haiti, functional state, free market, state-building, security, rule of law, institutional capacity, corruption, economic development, public goods.

Lo stress rappresenta una delle principali sfide della società moderna, con ripercussioni significative sulla salute psicofisica. Questo contributo propone una panoramica delle principali tecniche di rilassamento, evidenziandone i benefici e le applicazioni pratiche in ambito clinico e quotidiano. Lo stress cronico incide negativamente sul benessere psicologico e fisico, favorendo disturbi d'ansia, depressione e patologie psicosomatiche. La gestione adeguata dello stress è quindi fondamentale nella pratica clinica. Le principali tecniche includono il training autogeno, la respirazione controllata, la mindfulness e la terapia cognitivo-comportamentale. Ciascun approccio contribuisce a ridurre i livelli di ansia e migliorare la consapevolezza corporea. Un approccio integrato, che combina più metodologie, consente di rispondere meglio alle diverse esigenze individuali. La flessibilità dell'intervento risulta quindi un punto di forza nella pratica psicologica. La diffusione di tecniche di rilassamento semplici e accessibili favorisce non solo il benessere individuale, ma anche la prevenzione di problematiche più gravi.

Lo stress rappresenta una delle principali sfide della società moderna, con ripercussioni significative sulla salute psicofisica. Questo contributo propone una panoramica delle principali tecniche di rilassamento, evidenziandone i benefici e le applicazioni pratiche in ambito clinico e quotidiano. Introduzione Lo stress cronico incide negativamente sul benessere psicologico e fisico, favorendo disturbi d'ansia, depressione e patologie psicosomatiche. La gestione adeguata dello stress è quindi fondamentale nella pratica clinica. Tecniche di rilassamento Le principali tecniche includono il training autogeno, la respirazione controllata, la mindfulness e la terapia cognitivo-comportamentale. Ciascun approccio contribuisce a ridurre i livelli di ansia e migliorare la consapevolezza corporea. Discussione Un approccio integrato, che combina più metodologie, consente di rispondere meglio alle diverse esigenze individuali. La flessibilità dell'intervento risulta quindi un punto di forza nella pratica psicologica. Conclusioni La diffusione di tecniche di rilassamento semplici e accessibili favorisce non solo il benessere individuale, ma anche la prevenzione di problematiche più gravi.

The Republic of Haiti, burdened by chronic political instability, gang violence, and a severely underdeveloped formal economy, faces an unemployment and underemployment crisis of historic proportions. With a majority of its population in the informal sector, existing job creation efforts have been unable to address the fundamental drivers of economic stagnation. This paper outlines a revolutionary, five-year strategic plan, dubbed the "Haiti Employment Miracle Project" (HEMP), designed to elevate the nation's formal employment rate to 90% of its working-age population. The plan is not a traditional economic policy but a national mobilization effort based on three non-negotiable pillars: absolute security, strategic industrialization, and a human capital surge. This paper argues that only through an integrated, top-down, and ruthlessly executed strategy can the government transform Haiti's economic landscape, turning its demographic youth bulge from a source of instability into a powerful engine of prosperity.


Keywords: Haiti, employment, economic development, strategic plan, security, industrialization, youth employment, vocational training, formal economy, national mobilization.

Haiti faces a profound and multi-faceted employment crisis, characterized by high unemployment, widespread underemployment, and an informal sector that constitutes the vast majority of economic activity. The conventional approach of broad-based, scattershot job creation initiatives has proven insufficient against the backdrop of political instability, gang violence, and systemic corruption. This paper proposes a radical departure from this model by applying a strategic "90/10 principle", a highly focused, disciplined approach where the government concentrates its limited resources and political will on the 10% of efforts that will generate 90% of the long-term, sustainable employment impact. This paper identifies these critical 10% efforts and outlines a strategic framework for their implementation. It argues that in a context of extreme fragility, a targeted, outcomes-oriented approach is not just a policy choice but an existential necessity for fostering a virtuous cycle of job creation, economic stability, and national security.









Keywords: Haiti, employment, job creation, 90/10 principle, strategic development, economic policy, security, agriculture, light manufacturing, vocational training.

In recent years, the application of machine learning algorithms in economic forecasting has gained significant traction. This study focuses on predicting the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of India by harnessing advanced machine learning techniques. We assembled a comprehensive dataset incorporating time series analysis and inflation rates from diverse sources. Our investigation involved a comparative analysis employing both linear and polynomial regression methods to discern the most accurate predictive model. Our findings underscore the superiority of the polynomial regression model, which excelled in capturing non-linear relationships between independent variables and GDP. Specifically, the polynomial regression model achieved an impressive prediction accuracy rate of surpassing the accuracy achieved by the linear regression model. This study underscores the critical role of advanced machine learning algorithms in economic forecasting. By emphasizing the significance of high-quality datasets and the application of techniques like polynomial regression, we illustrate how these factors can substantially enhance the precision of economic forecasts. These insights hold substantial implications for policy makers and businesses alike, aiding informed decision-making and effective economic policy development. This study serves as a valuable reference for future research, highlighting the importance of advanced machine learning methods and robust data sources in economic forecasting.

Stress is an inevitable and ubiquitous part of the academic journey, from primary school to postgraduate studies. While a certain degree of stress can act as a motivator, pushing students to meet deadlines and perform under pressure, its chronic, overwhelming presence has been shown to have a profoundly detrimental impact on academic performance. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between stress and academic achievement, drawing on psychological, physiological, and sociological perspectives. It explores the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral mechanisms through which stress impairs learning, memory, and concentration. The paper concludes with a discussion of proactive coping strategies and the critical role of educational institutions in mitigating chronic stress to foster a healthier and more effective learning environment.



Keywords: Stress, academic performance, cognitive function, memory, concentration, anxiety, mental health, coping mechanisms, educational psychology, student well-being.

While the detrimental effects of high sodium consumption on cardiovascular health are widely recognized, a growing body of scientific evidence suggests a more insidious and less understood impact on neurological function and mental health. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the emerging research linking excessive dietary salt intake to cognitive decline, mood disorders, and a heightened risk of psychotic symptoms. We explore the physiological mechanisms through which high sodium levels disrupt neurochemical balance, impair blood-brain barrier integrity, and alter inflammatory pathways in the brain. The paper synthesizes findings from preclinical animal studies and emerging human epidemiological data, arguing that high salt consumption, beyond its well-known physical health consequences, should be considered a significant, and often overlooked, risk factor in the etiology and exacerbation of mental illness, particularly psychosis.




Keywords: Sodium, salt consumption, mental health, psychosis, cognitive function, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier, hypertension, brain health, dietary risk factors.

Objectives. Looking at death statistics in workplaces, occupational health and safety (OHS) is indisputably
one of the most important problems of society. Considering that the existing measures are
insufficient to reduce deaths, it is essential to look at the prevention of occupational accidents/diseases
with an interdisciplinary approach and to employ new perspectives in order to develop new methods.
The aim of this study is to determine whether psychosocial risks are perceived as an accident factor
by employees and to bring the concept of psychosocial accident factors into a discussion. Methods.
The survey technique is used as a data collection tool for this study. The questionnaire has 33 questions.
SPSS version 25.0 was used to analyze the data. Results. The study showed that employees who
had an accident perceived psychosocial factors as an important accident factor. Conclusions. Studies
on causes of accidents at work are generally based on a single dimension, such as environmental conditions
and/or faults of employees. There is almost no focus on the reasons for the misbehaviors of
employees. Psychosocial factors are not taken into account or neglected, but results show that providing
psychosocial support and/or psychological counseling services in workplaces may be effective in
reducing accidents.

The concept of "bullshit jobs" (BSJs), introduced by Graeber (2018), has spurred critical debate on meaningless work. Recent empirical studies estimate prevalence rates ranging from 4.8% in the EU to 19% in the US, linking meaninglessness more to managerial quality, autonomy deficits, and perceived social uselessness than to job type itself (Dur & van Lent, 2019; Soffia et al., 2022; Walo, 2023). This paper moves beyond qualitative critique to propose a rigorous framework for the social evaluation of work. We introduce a systemic value function, V sys , defined as the aggregate net marginal social value of all tasks, which explicitly integrates (i) the marginal contribution of a task (ϕ i) to weighted social outcomes, (ii) its real resource cost (κ i), and (iii) its psychological cost (C psy,i) quantified in Well-beingadjusted life year (WELLBY) equivalents. This formulation provides a clear, consistent metric for identifying tasks with negative social value, acknowledging WELLBY limitations such as cultural biases and comparability issues through hybrid qualitative-quantitative validation. We argue that naive AI optimization based on proxy metrics risks creating "BSJ 2.0" through the proliferation of monitoring and compliance tasks (Goodhart, 1975; Muller, 2018). To counter this, we propose a robust AI safety framework incorporating multi-objective optimization with constraints for autonomy and income protection. Policy levers such as work-time reduction (WTR), universal basic income (UBI), and workplace democracy are evaluated based on recent large-scale trials, including mixed results from UBI pilots showing well-being gains but variable employment effects (e.g., OpenResearch, 2024; German pilot, 2025). This framework offers a normative and operational guide for policymakers and AI systems to redesign work, prioritizing human well-being in an era of technological transformation, with step-by-step implementation recommendations for global contexts.

Background: Although gaslighting is an alarming issue, the literature on predictors of this phenomenon is scarce. Objective: To examine the association between resilience and gaslighting in the workplace, quiet quitting, and work engagement among nurses. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Greece during December 2024. We used the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) to measure levels of resilience in our sample. Moreover, we used the Gaslighting at Work Scale (GWS), the Quiet Quitting Scale, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-3 to measure workplace gaslighting, quiet quitting, and work engagement, respectively. Results: The study population included 462 nurses with a mean age of 36.80 years. We found that resilience protected nurses from workplace gaslighting. After adjusting gender, age, educational level, and work experience, a negative association was found between resilience and GWS score (p < 0.001), loss of self-trust (p < 0.001), and abuse of power (p < 0.001). Moreover, our multivariable analysis identified a negative association between resilience and Quiet Quitting Scale score (p < 0.001), detachment (p < 0.001), lack of initiative (p < 0.001), and lack of motivation (p < 0.001). Additionally, we identified a positive relationship between resilience and work engagement (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings suggested the protective role of resilience against gaslighting in the workplace and quiet quitting in nurses. Moreover, we found that resilience improved nurses' work engagement. However, the cross-sectional nature of this study cannot imply causality between the study variables, and, thus, further studies are required to clarify the association between resilience, workplace gaslighting, quiet quitting, and work engagement.

This visual humorously explores the psychological dynamics aboard Amsterdam’s iconic trams, where tourists struggle with cognitive dissonance and locals display impressive stress resilience. Through the lens of applied psychology and urban behavior, the piece reflects how public transport can become a space for social observation, humor, and informal therapy. The narrative serves both as cultural commentary and a playful reflection on everyday psychological mechanisms in transit environments.

Nowadays, employees in the higher education sector are faced with an increasingly demanding environment, which can lead to high levels of stress and emotional exhaustion. In this context, the Demand-Resource Model can explain the different variables that influence the emotional exhaustion of professors. However, although the model has been tested on different samples of workers, there is a lack of literature on other variables that may mediate this relationship. In this sense, this research aims to investigate the mediating effect of psychological capital, a positive psychological construct, on the relationship between job demands and resources and its impact on emotional exhaustion. To this end, we conducted a survey of 205 professors from different Ecuadorian universities. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was applied to the data collected. The results showed that high work resources had a direct impact on emotional exhaustion, as suggested by the model, and that this relationship was mediated by psychological capital. Similarly, high job demands (high work rhythms and emotional demands) were another source of emotional exhaustion, although in this case the relationship was not significantly mediated by psychological capital. The study shows that high job demands significantly increase emotional exhaustion, whereas an adequately resourced work environment, such as fair leadership and supervisor support, promotes psychological safety and reduces emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, psychological capital positively modulates the influence of resources on emotional exhaustion but shows no significant mediation with job demands.

This study aims to examine the mediating roles of resilience and occupational self-efficacy in the relationship between occupational stress and subjective well-being and to adapt the Teacher Occupational Self-Efficacy-Short Form (OSS-SF) to Turkish culture. Using a cross-sectional design, convenience sampling was employed to collect the data. The participants consist of 342 teachers, comprising 168 (49.1%) females, aged between 22 and 58 years (M = 36.55, SD = 3.25). The participants completed the Perceived Occupational Stress Scale, Teacher Occupational Self-Efficacy Scale, Resilience Scale, and Teacher Subjective Well-Being Questionnaire. The factor analysis yielded a one-factor solution for OSS-SF with high internal consistency reliability. The results of the mediation analysis indicated that occupational stress negatively predicted subjective well-being, occupational selfefficacy, and resilience. The results also showed that occupational self-efficacy and resilience positively predicted subjective well-being. More importantly, the findings revealed that occupational self-efficacy and resilience partially mediated the association between occupational stress and subjective well-being. The findings suggest that intervention aiming at mitigating the negative impact of occupational stress on teachers' subjective well-being can strengthen teachers' occupational self-efficacy and resilience.

This study aimed to detect airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) at nine public health facilities in three provinces of South Africa and determine possible risk factors that may contribute to airborne transmission. Personal samples (n = 264) and stationary samples (n = 327) were collected from perceived high-risk areas in district, primary health clinics (PHCs) and TB facilities. Quantitative real-time (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for TB analysis. Walkabout observations and work practices through the infection prevention and control (IPC) questionnaire were documented. Statistical analysis was carried out using Stata version 15.2 software. Airborne MTB was detected in 2.2% of samples (13/572), and 97.8% were negative. District hospitals and Western Cape province had the most TB-positive samples and identified risk areas included medical wards, casualty, and TB wards. MTB-positive samples were not detected in PHCs and during the summer season. All facilities repo...

Directorial and executive roles are ever more demanding as uncertainty and insecurity increase, and issues on boardroom agendas multiply, and become more complex, inter-dependent and difficult to handle. As stakeholder, compliance and assurance expectations also expand, there may be a limit to the complexity, uncertainty, pressure and matters that directors and executives can deal with. Life for many people and their families and communities has also become more uncertain, insecure and precarious. Like directors, CEOs and senior executives, they may experience anxiety, insecurity and stress. As pressures increase and laws and regulations often become longer and more complex and onerous leaders and led may experience overload, stress and symptoms of unwellness. Rather than tolerate the adverse impacts of increasing demands and complexity on well-being and performance, boards could act to reduce them with convenient and accessible offerings for directors and all employees.  Some people and organisations seem more resilient and better able to cope with challenges, insecurity, uncertainty, overload and stress than others. Participation in collaborative activities to confront challenges, risks and threats and contributing to collective responses to them might help to overcome feelings of isolation, marginalisation and powerlessness.

Turnover intent is the tendency of employees to leave the organization, which can affect the stability and performance of the facility. The objective of this study is to analyze the role of job satisfaction as a mediator of the influence of ethical leadership and work-life balance on the initial intention of nurses at Puri Raharja Hospital. This is a quantitative associative study with a total of 154 respondents. Questionnaires on a Likert scale were used for data collection, while data analysis was performed using a partial least squares (SEM-PLS) structural equation modeling approach. The results showed that ethical leadership and work-life balance have a negative and significant impact on turnover intent. Work-life balance also has a positive and significant impact on job satisfaction. In addition, job satisfaction has a significant influence on rotation intent and has been shown to convey the influence of ethical leadership and work-life balance on rotation intent. These findings have practical implications for human resource management, particularly for the development of employee retention strategies in the healthcare industry.

Cunha (FEUP). O conteúdo desta tese reflete as perspetivas, o trabalho e as interpretações do autor no momento da sua entrega. Esta tese pode conter incorreções, tanto conceptuais como metodológicas, que podem ter sido identificadas em momento posterior ao da sua entrega. Por conseguinte, qualquer utilização dos seus conteúdos deve ser exercida com cautela. Ao entregar esta tese, o autor declara que a mesma é resultante do seu próprio trabalho, contém contributos originais e são reconhecidas todas as fontes utilizadas, encontrando-se tais fontes devidamente citadas no corpo do texto e identificadas na secção de referências. O autor declara, ainda, que não divulga na presente tese quaisquer conteúdos cuja reprodução esteja vedada por direitos de autor ou de propriedade industrial.

Our study aimed to develop and validate a tool to measure workplace gaslighting: the Gaslighting at Work Scale (GWS). Mean age of our sample (n ¼ 400) was 38.9 years, while 82.5% were females and 51.7% have been working in the public sector. We examined content validity, face validity, construct validity, concurrent validity and reliability of the GWS through several analyses, such as calculation of content validity ratio and item-level face validity index, item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and calculation of Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's Omega, Cohen's kappa and intraclass correlation coefficient. We identified a two-factor structure for the GWS with 11 items: loss of selftrust and abuse of power. Concurrent validity of the GWS was excellent since we found significant correlations between GWS, Patient Health Questionnaire-4, Quiet Quitting Scale, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-3, and Single Item Burnout measure. The reliability of the GWS was excellent since Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega was 0.939 and 0.940, respectively. In test-retest study, intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.997. In conclusion, the GWS is a valid, short and easy-to-use tool that measures gaslighting behaviors of supervisors. Valid identification of harmful supervisor behaviors is crucial to promote subordinates' mental health and work productivity.

Background: Quiet quitting has emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences for healthcare organizations and services have been expected. Objective: To identify levels of quiet quitting among clinical nurses in Greece. Moreover, we examined the impact of demographic and job characteristics on quiet quitting. Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional study in Greece. We collected our data in February 2024. We obtained a convenience sample of nurses who have been working in clinical settings. We used the "Quiet Quitting" Scale (QQS) to measure levels of quiet quitting among nurses in our study. Moreover, we measured gender, age, educational level, job sector, understaffed workplace, shift work, and years of clinical experience. Results: Applying the suggested cut-off point we found that seven out of ten nurses (68.2%, n=620) can be considered as quiet quitters, while three out of ten (31.8%, n=289) can be considered as non-quiet quitters. We found that males experienced higher levels of quiet quitting than females (adjusted coe cient beta = 0.216, 95% CI = 0.093 to 0.339, p-value = 0.001). Additionally, shift workers (adjusted coe cient beta = 0.182, 95% CI = 0.091 to 0.272, p-value < 0.001) and nurses who have been working in understaffed workplaces (adjusted coe cient beta = 0.134, 95% CI = 0.006 to 0.262, p-value = 0.040) showed higher levels of quiet quitting. Decreased years of clinical experience were associated with increased quiet quitting (adjusted coe cient beta = -0.008, 95% CI = -0.012 to -0.004, p-value < 0.001). Conclusions: In our sample, nurses reported high levels of quiet quitting. Gender, shift work, an understaffed workplace, and clinical experience had an impact on quiet quitting. Healthcare organizations and managers should pay attention to quiet quitting in order to improve nurses' productivity and patients' outcomes.

The rapid proliferation of the internet has transformed the landscape of education and communication. However, the phenomenon of internet addiction, characterized by excessive and compulsive use of the internet, has raised concerns regarding its impact on academic performance and stress levels among students. This paper examines the relationship between internet addiction, academic performance, and stress in students. It explores the definitions of internet addiction, its prevalence among students, and its effects on their academic outcomes and psychological well-being. The findings indicate a significant negative correlation between internet addiction and academic performance, alongside an increase in stress levels. Strategies for alleviating the detrimental impacts of internet addiction are also examined.

The study examines the relationship between workplace stress and job performance. A survey method was employed to gather self-administered questionnaires from executive and non-executive employees of a leading private investment bank in Peninsular Malaysia. The outcomes of SmartPLS path model analysis of the data showed two important findings: firstly, physiological stress was positively and significantly correlated with job performance. Secondly, psychological stress was positively and significantly correlated with job performance. This finding reveals that physiological and psychological stresses act as important predictors of job performance in the studied organization. The paper provides discussion, implications and conclusion.

Translators are commonly seen as linguistic and intercultural mediators, particularly in crises. The translation process, output and performance are usually focused on, but little is known about translators in the bigger frame of society in a crisis. How they use their skills and qualifications and whether these are enough to survive are under-researched areas in Translation and Interpreting Studies. The present paper explores the occupational situation of translation and interpreting professionals during the crisis in Syria. The research follows a qualitative interview-based methodology. The findings provide more insight into these individuals' occupational and day-today situation, the challenges they encounter, their survival mechanisms and what consequences the crisis may have on the translation (and interpreting) sector in Syria. The research aims to contribute to the field of crisis translation in terms of the existing challenges and practices in crises and to extend its scope to view the psychological and financial effects on the translator.

This study aimed to explore the nature of the relationships between occupational stress, occupational motivation, and job satisfaction, with a focus on the mediating role of job satisfaction and the moderating effects of gender and years of experience from the perspective of schoolteachers in the Sultanate of Oman. A descriptive-analytical approach was employed,
and a questionnaire on stress, motivation, and job satisfaction among schoolteachers was utilized as the data collection tool, randomly distributed to 764 schoolteachers in Oman. Descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and structural equation modelling
(SEM) were used to test the study's model and hypotheses. The results showed a negative relationship between occupational stress and both occupational motivation (β = -0.586, p < 0.05) and job satisfaction (β= -0.597, p < 0.05). A positive relationship was also found between job satisfaction and occupational motivation (β = 0.181, p < 0.05). Additionally, the results indicated a partial mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between occupational stress and occupational motivation (β = -0.108, p < 0.05). The study also
revealed a significant moderating role of gender in the relationship between occupational
stress and occupational motivation, as well as between occupational stress and job
satisfaction, but not between job satisfaction and occupational motivation. Similarly, a
significant moderating role of years of experience was found in the relationship between
occupational stress and occupational motivation, and between occupational stress and job
satisfaction, but not between job satisfaction and occupational motivation. This study contributes to the literature as one of the few studies focusing on the assessment of occupational stress, occupational motivation, and job satisfaction among schoolteachers in the Arab and Omani contexts. The study also provides a set of recommendations aimed at enhancing occupational motivation and job satisfaction among schoolteachers, helping them to overcome occupational stress throughout their careers.

Teachers are the real builders of the nation. The teachers' role in the growth, development and prosperity of the nation is undeniable. It is the teachers who mold the future society and influence the coming generations towards successful achievement of the national goals. If the teachers have to perform their duties with dedication and sincerity, they must possess adequate mental health. Job-related stress is an important factor in teacher's motivation and retention. Two of the main sources of this stress were cited as work pressure and students' misbehavior. This stress could be putting the school teachers' health at risk, as many find themselves unable to unwind out of school. Basically, school teachers play three different roles at home, school and society. They need to face numerous problems while playing these three roles. So, they are flooded with extreme stress, anxiety and tension which finally affect their personality. This paper explores the source of stress, effect of stress, productivity, and the level of stress among the women in Education Sector. The main objective is to know the socio demographic characteristics and to assess the level of stress among the respondents. Through the pilot study, a questionnaire with 500 respondent's perception towards their job, attitude towards their job, their health, and their productivity were formed. It is hoped that this measurement tool contributes to the development of intervention strategies to reduce stress and improve productivity for the women stress in Education Sector. The first part of the schedule consisted the personal data and the second part measured the job-stress through the Job-Stress Scale. Based on the major findings suitable suggestions were made to reduce the job-stress among the respondents.

Financial Literacy means knowledge of basic economic and financial concepts, as well as the ability to use that knowledge and other financial skills to manage financial resources effectively for a lifetime of financial comfort. In this paper, an attempt is made to examine the burning issue of “financial literacy among investors,” from multiple perspectives. Accordingly the existing literature on the subject has been reviewed and critically analyzed on various bases i.e., definitions developed, importance elucidated, determinants identified, demographics studied, impact of financial education and various geographical locations covered. To conclude, it can be said that the eminent area of financial literacy holds many unexplored dimensions which researchers can take up in future.

This study aims to analyze the determinant factors of Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB) to make plan strategies for overcoming Counterproductive Work Behavior. This research used the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) method. The ISM method is able to show the interrelationships between existing elements. This method can be developed to plan strategic human resource management policies related to CWB. The strategy for managing human resources related to CWB in automotive companies in Bekasi is carried out according to the level of importance based on a problem. The results showed that it is necessary to overcome Counterproductive Work Behavior by handling job stress (Task demands, Role demands, Family problems, and Economic problems) and role ambiguity (Clarity of Responsibilities, Clarity of goals, and Clarity of roles and scope of work).

Systemic stress, a pervasive challenge in modern society, stems from structural forces rooted in greed, dishonesty, and inequity, which undermine morality, ethics, and compassion. This integrative review synthesizes Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Model, the Job Demands-Resources Model, and the Family Stress Model to explore the causes of stress across family, workplace, and societal domains, emphasizing ambition-driven competition, undemocratic practices, and social inequities. Key stressors include economic hardship, health issues, job instability, frequent policy changes, workplace politics, undemocratic decision-making, societal competition, cultural disparities, misbehaviour, and corruption, all of which erode trust and ethical conduct. These stressors disrupt coping mechanisms, elevate cortisol levels, and contribute to mental and physical health problems, as evidenced by peer-reviewed studies (1956-2023) cited in this study. The article underscores the need for a moral shift toward honesty, compassion, and democratic values to counteract greeddriven policies and foster equitable societies. Proposed interventions include ethical leadership to promote integrity, democratic workplace reforms to enhance fairness, equitable policies to ensure access to resources, and practices such as yoga, mindfulness, and AI-driven mental health tools to support well-being. By prioritizing morality, honesty, and collective responsibility, these strategies aim to dismantle competitive, unethical cultures and create healthier, morally stronger societies where compassion and democratic principles thrive, thereby reducing systemic stress and its societal toll.

The mental health challenges faced by secondary school teachers have become a critical concern, influencing not only educators' well-being but also the overall quality of education. Teachers experience significant stressors, including excessive workload, emotional labour, job insecurity, and insufficient institutional support, leading to burnout, anxiety, and depression. The stigma surrounding mental health further prevents many teachers from seeking help, exacerbating their struggles and negatively impacting their job performance. Additionally, the rapid shift to digital learning and the increasing reliance on extracurricular activities to foster student engagement have had both positive and negative implications for teachers' mental health and work-life balance. This systematic review examines existing literature on the mental health challenges faced by secondary school teachers, exploring key factors contributing to stress and emotional distress. The findings highlight the urgent need for policy interventions, institutional reforms, and structured mental health programs that provide support and coping mechanisms for educators. Schools that implement professional development programs, peer support networks, and workload management strategies report lower levels of burnout and higher teacher satisfaction. Digital literacy training and balanced extracurricular participation are also recognized as crucial elements in alleviating teacher stress and promoting well-being. To address these challenges, a multi-dimensional approach is required, integrating mental health awareness into teacher training, promoting a culture of openness, and ensuring access to confidential counseling services. Governments and educational stakeholders must collaborate to establish systemic policies that prioritize teacher mental health, preventing attrition and improving overall educational outcomes. By fostering a supportive work environment and recognizing mental health as a fundamental aspect of professional development, educational institutions can contribute to a more resilient and effective teaching workforce. This review underscores the necessity of comprehensive mental health strategies to support teachers, advocating for sustainable solutions that enhance their well-being and, ultimately, benefit students and the broader educational system. Mental health challenges among secondary school teachers have gained increasing attention due to their significant impact on both teachers' well-being and student learning outcomes. This systematic review explores the key mental health challenges faced by secondary school

This study explores the complex process of exiting the social work profession, focusing on the interplay between emotional exhaustion, structural challenges, and personal health crises. Using an in-depth qualitative interview and content analysis, the paper delves into the lived experiences of a former social worker. The research identifies key drivers behind professional attrition, such as burnout, inadequate work-life balance, and the impact of health problems as turning points. The findings highlight the need for systemic reforms in the profession, emphasizing better support structures, health management, and opportunities for personal development. The study suggests that addressing these issues is critical to enhancing job satisfaction and retaining professionals in social work.