Image Steganography

As the digital age is becoming an unavoidable part of our daily life people are becoming more concern about their privacy and security of their digital communications. Steganography and cryptography are the two most frequently used merits of digital life to fulfill these needs. In this study, a new spatial domain chaotic steganography scheme is presented utilizing also new fractal stream encryption algorithm to hide Huffman encoded and compressed Turkish texts. The study composes of four main phases. Firstly, a sample of Turkish newspaper columnist corpus is gathered to obtain not only the frequencies of letters including special Turkish characters but also punctuations, spaces, newlines, quotations, etc. As a result of the first phase, a static Huffman encoding dictionary is obtained for 102 encountered characters. Secondly, super Mandelbrot sets are used with the Logistic map to obtain one-time-pad stream keys to encrypt compressed texts. Thirdly, the LSB (Least Significant Bit) plain of the cover image is analyzed morphologically to find low entropy pixel locations so that in steganography phase spotted locations can be avoided and scheme can become more resistant against stego analysis. Lastly, the chaotic steganography phase is the final phase in which data hiding pixel is selected according to logistic map chaotic function then LSB of the selected pixel is updated. Many tests are carried out on many images to show the image quality namely PSNR, SNR, SSMI, UIQI, Entropy, MSE, and histogram. Results indicate that proposed schemes are successful for encryption and offer robust steganography.

Data protection has become one of the significant issues in cloud computing when end users must rely on their cloud providers for security purposes. Cloud providers never guarantee the security of data. One of the best ways to overcome this issue is to have the data encrypted before it reaches the cloud servers. Cryptographic becomes a common mechanism used to transmit data securely in open networks, but there are also some challenges to implement encryption internally due to key management. Either the keys are vulnerable towards any security attacks such as HTTP-focused-brute-force attack during transmit over the network, in case of the keys are kept at the user site, or keys are missing if the device is stolen. Thus, location-based encryption adds another layer of security on top of existing encryption method. Location-based encryption enhances security by implementing location information into the encryption and decryption process to counter the possible problems. Location coordinates are used as a key for encrypting the data and the cipher text can only be decrypted if and only the decrypted location is matched with the location that has been computed with the key. In this paper discuss on location-based encryption technique that has been implemented in previous works which are asymmetric, symmetric and hybrid algorithm followed by its strengths and weaknesses. This paper finds that majority of the researchers used hybrid algorithm to implement their location-based encryption instead of using the asymmetric algorithm or hybrid algorithm alone because the hybrid algorithm has fast computation of symmetric algorithm and high security of asymmetric dual keys.

Aktivitas penggunaan internet semakin meningkat dilingkungan UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. Pertukaran informasi pun sudah banyak menggunakan media internet, salah satunya adalah menggunakan media e-mail (electronic mail). Namun seiring dengan berjalannya waktu, muncul berbagai macam masalah yang kerap dijumpai dalam aplikasi berkirim surat ini terutama dalam hal keamanan informasi. Permasalahan keamanan informasi dalam e-mail yang sering dijumpai antara lain, penyadapan pasif, penyadapan aktif, penipuan, dan lain-lain.Atas dasar permasalahan tersebut peneliti membuat suatu aplikasi yang berguna untuk mengubah pesan yang memerlukan pengamanan agar terhindar dari penyadapan aktif seorang cracker. Pengamanan yang akan penulis tawarkan menggunakan dua model pengamanan yaitu enkripsi dan steganografi.Penyembunyian pesan akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan media e-mail spam. Jadi, logika sederhananya ketika penyadap membaca pesan yang sudah disembunyikan, dia akan menganggapnya sebagai spam biasa dan akan mengabaikannya. Sehingga, pesan akan sampai dengan aman tanpa mengalami perubahan isi sedikitpun dari sang penyadap. Aktivitas penggunaan sistem informasi akademik (SIA) dan Internet di UIN Sunankalijaga khususnya fakultas sains dan teknologi semakin meningkat dengan pesat akhir-akhir ini. Pertukaran informasi pun sudah banyak menggunakan media internet, salah satunya adalah menggunakan media e-mail (electronic mail). Dengan menggunakan e-mail, pesan menjadi lebih cepat tersampaikan bahkan hanya dalam hitungan detik serta tidak memakan banyak biaya. Berbeda dengan pengiriman pesan atau surat menggunakan metode konvensional yang segala sesuatunya harus diurus secara fisik dan tentunya banyak mengeluarkan biaya. Namun seiring dengan berjalannya waktu, muncul berbagai macam masalah yang kerap dijumpai dalam aplikasi SIA dan internet terutama dalam hal keamanan informasi. Permasalahan keamanan informasi dalam e-mail yang sering dijumpai antara lain, penyadapan pasif, penyadapan aktif, penipuan, dan lain-lain. Penyadapan pasif dan aktif ini sering dilakukan jika pengguna SIA (Dosen , mahasiswa maupun tata usaha ) menggunakan akses seperti warnet, area hotspot, dan lain-lain. Pesan yang disadap biasanya merupakan pesan-pesan yang "menarik" (bersifat rahasia, memiliki nilai jual). Untuk mendapatkan pesan-pesan yang "menarik" tersebut, seorang penyadap akan memantau tiap aktivitas. Jika terdapat surat yang dia anggap tidak "menarik", tentu akan dilewatkannya. Salah satu jenis surat yang tidak "menarik" ini biasanya berjenis spam atau junk. Spam juga merupakan salah satu masalah serius saat ini yang sering dijumpai dalam pertukaran informasi melalui media e-mail. Spam merupakan suatu pesan yang isinya mengarah ke penjerumusan, penipuan, iklan, dan lain-lain. Spam biasanya dikirim dari seseorang yang tak dikenal ataupun melalui robot/tool otomasi. Jadi, seorang penyadap jika dalam pemantauannya menemukan pesan spam, penyadap akan mengabaikannya. Atas dasar permasalahan tersebut akan dilakukan penelitian untuk membuat suatu website yang berguna untuk mengubah pesan yang memerlukan pengamanan agar terhindar dari penyadapan aktif seorang cracker. Pengamanan yang akan penulis tawarkan menggunakan dua model pengamanan yaitu enkripsi dan steganografi. Dengan enkripsi, pesan teks biasa (plain text) akan diubah menjadi suatu pesan yang tidak mudah dibaca (cipher text). Dengan steganografi, pesan yang tidak terbaca tadi akan disembunyikan di dalam media tertentu seperti gambar, teks dan suara. Penyembunyian pesan akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan media e-mail spam. logika sederhananya ketika penyadap membaca pesan yang sudah disembunyikan, dia akan menganggapnya sebagai spam biasa dan akan mengabaikannya. Sehingga, pesan akan sampai dengan aman tanpa mengalami perubahan isi sedikitpun dari sang

inference rules and traditional Sobel method, a method is presented for edge detection in digital images with noise. In the proposed method, at first an image is scanned by a 2 × 2 mask and at each step of the survey 4 pixels are sent to the input of Gaussian membership function. The membership function classifies the pixels based on fuzzy logic. The values of fuzzy sets made are adjusted by 16 rules and then the main edge candidates are introduced. In the next step the output of fuzzy approach is multiplied by a 5 × 5 Gaussian mask to reduce the residual noise in the image and the obtained output is detected by traditional Sobel detector. The results of this simulation shows the high performance of fuzzy logic and Gaussian filter to reduce noise; so that the proposed method shows a good resistance against salt-and-pepper and Gaussian noises compared to traditional Sobel method. Also this method does not have the problem of pointed images and detects the edge as continuous and smooth.

Keamanan pesan pada era modern ini sangat dibutuhkan. Perkembangan jaringan internet yang memungkinkan orang untuk saling bertukar data melalui jaringan internet. Seiring dengan perkembangan internet, kejahatan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi juga turut berkembang salah satunya adalah pencurian data. Masalah tersebut dapat ditangani dengan menggunakan ilmu-ilmu yang sudah ada sejak jaman dahulu yaitu steganografi. Steganografi merupakan teknik yang dapat mengamankan pesan tersebut dengan cara menyembunyikan pesan yang disisipkan melalui media penampung berupa citra digital. Pixel Value Differencing sebagai salah satu dari teknik steganografi yang cukup aman dalam menyembunyikan pesan rahasia. Pixel Value Differencing adalah metode steganografi yang menggunakan nilai perbedaan antara dua piksel untuk menentukan berapa banyak bit rahasia bisa disisipkan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian didapat kesimpulan bahwa dengan menggunakan metode pixel value differencing (PVD), kapasitas citra un...

Steganography is the art of hiding of a message within another so that presence of hidden message is indistinguishable. The key concept behind steganography is that message to be transmitted is not detectable to the casual eye. This is also the advantage of steganography over cryptography. Modern digital steganography uses text, images, audio, video etc. as a cover medium. This paper presents a mechanism of storing the secret message using forward email platform and color mapping table. Various experiments have been conducted and the results are analyzed in this paper.

Using image stitching and image steganography security can be provided to any image which has to be sent over the network or transferred using any electronic mode. There is a message and a secret image that has to be sent. The secret image is divided into parts. The first phase is the Encrypting Phase, which deals with the process of converting the actual secret message into cipher text using the AES algorithm. In the second phase which is the Embedding Phase, the cipher text is embedded into any part of the secret image that is to be sent. Third phase is the Hiding Phase, where steganography is performed on the output image of Embedding Phase and other parts of the image where the parts are camouflaged by another image using least significant bit replacement. These individual parts are sent to the concerned receiver. At the receivers end decryption of Hiding phase and Embedding Phase takes place respectively. The parts obtained are stitched together using k nearest method. Using SIFT features the quality of the image is improved.

1.1 Background and motivation Electronic voting has been discussed extensively in the academic literature, and in some places trials are being conducted as a precursor to implementing a large scale system. All of the systems of which we are aware require that each polling place be ...

A combination of cryptography and steganography is very important to information safety. Because together, they will not only hide but also encrypt the information at the same time. In the most crystographic studies, they hide the cipher text (encrypted) into the image, video or audio files to transfer. In this paper, we will give a simple and more convenient example for Crystography. We can also say that this method is applicable for most of the cryptographic algorithms to transfer them to the crystographic algorithm. As a simple example, it can be applicable for ATM card passwords etc. And then we have created and applied our method by using C# program language.

The literature has introduced many steganalysis methods intended to combat specific steganography techniques and to detect particular image formats. This paper proposes a detection system based on extracting histogram features. The features are extracted by exploiting the histogram of difference image, which is usually a generalised Gaussian distribution centred at 0. The histogram of difference image and the renormalized histogram are created for clean and stego images, therefore using the peak value and renormalized histogram as features for classification. To obtain the difference between neighbouring pixels, the difference images are computed for four directions (vertical, horizontal, diagonal, and anti-diagonal). The renormalized histogram of the difference image is created a number of times (n) for the four directions. This work implements two commonly-used steganography methods: the Least Significant Bit (LSB) and F5 algorithm to create a large database of stego images for system evaluation. Colour and grey images with different formats are chosen for training and testing the system. These formats are lossless and lossy compressions, with all features extracted from each colour channel (RGB) separately. The size of hidden files plays an important role in terms of detection. Therefore, to improve the proposed systems detection capacity, different sizes of hidden files have been considered. The proposed detection system was trained and tested to distinguish stego images from clean ones using the Discriminant Analysis (DA) classification method and Multilayer Perceptron neural network (MLP). The experimental results prove that the proposed system possesses reliable detection ability and accuracy. The chosen classification methods show dissimilar performance in terms of classifying grey and colour images. The system holds more generalisability than previous systems by covering different types of stego images, image formats and hidden file sizes. In addition, extensive experimental results show that the proposed steganalysis system outperforms some previous detection methods. .

With the growing misuse of digital communication platforms, cybercriminals have started embedding malicious or deceptive messages within images using steganography, particularly through Least Significant Bit (LSB) techniques. Traditional security systems often fail to detect such covert channels, creating a serious threat vector. This project presents an end-to-end intelligent system that extracts hidden text from images using LSB decoding and classifies the content into three categories-spam, phishing, or safe. For robust and efficient classification, we employ a fine-tuned DistilBERT transformer model, which captures deep semantic nuances of the extracted message. Our system is trained on a hybrid dataset combining SMS spam and phishing messages, and evaluated for accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The proposed approach not only highlights the vulnerability of steganographic communication but also introduces an effective AI-driven framework to mitigate such hidden threats in real time.

The Data Distribution Service (DDS) middleware is enjoying a rapid adoption in high-performance, mission-critical networks. At the same time, the H.264 Scalable Video Coding (SVC) has been recently standardized and it is deemed to be an effective solution for video streaming over a channel with timevarying bandwidth, like the wireless one. In these conditions, it is critical to adapt the video bit-rate to the actual wireless capacity, and bit-rate adaptation is extremely simple for a H.264 SVC video. In this paper we devise, evaluate and demonstrate a technique for streaming H.264 SVC video over a DDS middleware. The contribution is threefold: i) we design a structure of the DDS data-unit able to carry H.264 SVC video-units; ii) we devise a receiver-driven rate-control mechanism based on our DDS dataunit and exploiting specific DDS functionality; iii) we implement and show the effectiveness of our mechanism in an 802.11 wireless scenario, comparing our proposal with other solutions.

Steganography refers to the process of hiding secret message inside an appropriate multimedia carrier e.g. image, audio and video files. Today, by using of wireless communication more data are available electronically, which can leak from the medium where the data transmission takes place. The goal of steganography is to communicate very securely, which is completely undetectable from the medium. In this paper image steganography has used, where a secret image can transfer within an image called cover image. To hide a secret image in cover image, both the images embedded by using two techniques. The first algorithm called five modulus methods applied on the half of the both images (Secret and Cover Image) and rest of the parts of images embedded with improved LSB substitution technique. A private stego-key is also used on half parts of both images while applying FMM algorithms to make the detection of secret image from the cover image more difficult for any unauthorized recipients. The paper uses two algorithms for embedding the both secret and cover images, so for nesting of two algorithms make it difficult for any opponent (who has not involved in communication parties) to extract the hidden image from cover image.

Security and confidentiality of information are considered a requirement in today's communication media. Many people have used Internet to share and distribute confidential information. On the other hand, many malicious activities attempts to steal those information by irresponsible parties. Therefore, information must be secured and converted into another form before it is sent to the destination by the use of cryptography and steganography. We developed a program to secure this information, by using Twofish and Least Significant Bit algorithm to encrypt secret messages and then insert it into an image file. By combining these two methods, we can achieve higher levet of information security.The information encoded with twofish algorithm will change the fite size stightly. This changes are caused by the use of padding. In addition, both of the output image are not resistant by some manipulation operations. The output of the system in BMP format does not change the file size afte...

This paper introduces a pioneering, effective data-hiding algorithm using different sizes of cover images and different types of secret data (image, txt, and audio). The proposed algorithm is based on a hybrid 1D chaotic map combined with a 2D composite chaotic map paired with optimization and Least Significant Bits (LSB) techniques. We employ chaotic maps to create the initial embedding position vector, and LSB to hide the secret message in the cover image. The optimization technique utilizes the chaotic maps to optimize the random embedding sites, looking for value matches between the cover image pixels and the secret data bits. This partial improvement leads to a high-quality stego-image, a large embedding capacity, imperceptibility to the human eye, undetectability, and enhanced security. The outcomes of the extensive experiments show that when the payload is 4.2 bits per pixel, the peak signal-to-noise ratio value (PSNR), which expresses the visual quality, is above 30 dB. Furthermore, the experimental results illustrate that the system exhibits robustness against various types of attacks. As a final point of strength, the large key space (2^206) prevents the secret data from being resolved if stego-images are accessed by intruders or third parties. Even minor changes in key bits can significantly alter the extracted secret data, resulting in entirely different secret data.

Cloud computing allows for a simple, distributed pool of reconfigurable computers with widespread network connectivity. But maintaining data security and privacy is very difficult. In order to guarantee the privacy and security of data in cloud computing, this study developed an efficient and enhanced method that involves concealing data inside pictures. The authors have proposed Multi Level Encryption Algorithm (MLEA) and Two-Level Encryption Algorithm (TLEA) and also processed the image in various steps to achieve better security. The objective is to design and develop an image steganography method based on the Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique that can secure the data during sharing or storing. The authors used the LSB technique of image steganography and encrypted data using MLEA and TLEA. The authors compared different methods and proved their research provides better security than the existing ones. This research demonstrates that the proposed method has performance with an average of 19.7814% better than other existing schemes.

The proposed work addresses the imperative of safeguarding sensitive information through a dual-security approach of encryption and steganography. Employing the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for the first level, and bitmap graphics as video frames with steganography techniques in the second, it achieves heightened data protection and imperceptibility, validated through superior statistical quality assessments. It advocates combining AES encryption with Fisher-Yates-based randomization for heightened data security. The paper introduces automated processes for recovery, decryption, concealment, and encryption, utilizing XOR, 1 bit LSB, and spiral pixel selection to optimize payload capacity and quality metrics in films. The research suggests implementing the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm for secure video steganography. The proposed method involves AES encryption, Fisher-Yates frame shuffle, Prewitt edge detection, and triple XOR embedding, enhancing data security and imperceptibility. The algorithm employs a dynamic frame selection technique and pixel filtering using Prewitt edge detection, contributing to a robust video steganography system. The embedding and retrieval processes ensure secure communication, demonstrating the methodology's effectiveness in concealing and extracting information within video frames.

IJCRT1892788 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 691 2LQR: A Way to Secure Private Information 1 Miss. Priyanka Kishor Trimbake, 2 Prof. Anuradha Narendra Nawathe ME , Associate Professor Department of Computer Engineering, 1 Amrutvahini college of Engineering, Sangamner, India ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract : Now a days, most of peoples are working with smart devices with the digital data for their regular survive in the world. The QR codes are use to store the digital data in form of black and white modules. QR codes are use in many applications related to security, academics, marketing etc. Now, peoples are well aware with this technology and they are use QR codes for various purpose. The QR codes are known at worldwide and getting popularity to use smart phones by the peoples. These are type of optics labels and only read by machines. The human-being can not a...

Cloud computing allows for a simple, distributed pool of reconfigurable computers with widespread network connectivity. But maintaining data security and privacy is very difficult. In order to guarantee the privacy and security of data in cloud computing, this study developed an efficient and enhanced method that involves concealing data inside pictures. The authors have proposed Multi Level Encryption Algorithm (MLEA) and Two-Level Encryption Algorithm (TLEA) and also processed the image in various steps to achieve better security. The objective is to design and develop an image steganography method based on the Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique that can secure the data during sharing or storing. The authors used the LSB technique of image steganography and encrypted data using MLEA and TLEA. The authors compared different methods and proved their research provides better security than the existing ones. This research demonstrates that the proposed method has performance with an average of 19.7814% better than other existing schemes.

The growing possibilities of modern communication need the special means of security especially on computer network. Data security in the last few years has gained a wider audience. In this paper we have discussed a new steganographic technique based on the file hybridization. In contrast to other methods of steganography where data embedding in image work on the principle of only one image file, the proposed method works on more than one image. The effectiveness of the proposed method is described pictorially and also has been shown that a multi-level of security of data can be achieved.

A secure LSB method of message steganography will be introduced, this method will use a private key of 256 bits length, this length will provide the required key space to protect the hidden message from being hacked, the private key will be used to select the position of the covering-stego bytes and to generate a secret indices key, which will be used for message blocks of bits substitution. The presented method will use simple procedures for key generation, message substitution, message hiding and message extracting. The message binary column matrix will be divided into equal blocks, the block size will be variable and it will be determined by the message sender, blocking will be used to minimize the key generation time especially when the message is very long. The presented method will use a simple chaotic logistic map model to generate the required for message substitution indices key. The presented method will be implemented using various covering images and various messages, the obtained results will be analyzed by applying speed, quality and security analysis to show that the presented method will satisfy the requirements of good stego method.

In this study, the data hiding operations were performed by a combination of different sizes of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Key Block Matrix (KBM) consisting of different sub-pattern blocks, and additional security algorithms. Mean Square Error (MSE), Structure Similarity Index Measurement (SSIM), and Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR) quality metrics were used to evaluate the results of the proposed approach. 4x4, 8x8, and 16x16 pixel DCT blocks were used for testing and evaluation. Each DCT block was used with the proposed KBM that can be created by artificial intelligence techniques and secure data hiding methods. The fact that the KBM structures used in the proposed methods are variable increases data security in the proposed algorithms and fills the gap of security issues in the video steganography. The quality metric values obtained showed that the proposed approach can compete with the results obtained in the literature regarding PSNR, MSE, and SSIM values.

An efficient and highly secure method of secret message cryptography will be presented which based on the principle of playing cards shuffling. The method will be implemented in a selected number of layers, each layer will encrypt-decrypt the input message using its own private key (PK), the output of any layer can be taken as a final encrypted-decrypted message, increasing the number of layers will increase the security level of the massage, making the hacking attacks impossible. In the encryption function a key generation and a message blocks shuffling will be executed, while in the decryption function the key generation and the message blocks reverse shuffling will be executed. The PK used in this method will be complicated and it will contain for each layer 2 chaotic parameters (r and x) and the block size (BS), utilizing these parameters, a chaotic logistic map model is run to produce a chaotic key, which is sorted to produce the layer's index key. Applying 4 layers the length of confidential key will be 768 bits, this length will be able to generate a large key space which is robust to hacking attempts. The speed parameters and throughput of the proposed will be calculated and compared with those of other methods.

In this paper, we are going to discuss the problem of privacy protection in electronic data transfer systems . Electronic data is consist of video, image , and text . Providing protection is not sufficient for effective data transfer .it is also important to regulate all parameters of data transfer. like speed , bandwidth required ,size ,PSNR ratio .etc. ,we basically achieving both the things by using H.264/AVC algorithm ,and 256 bit encryption key. Because of it we get three layers of protection as well as efficient data transfer rate.

Steganography is the art and science of secret communication. Various types of media, such as images, videos, audio etc. can be used to hide the message. This paper presents an approach to steganography using LBP on a cluster formed by the CIELAB (Informally called Lab) based k-means clustering. Image Steganography embeds the secret message into the images exclusively. Basically Image Steganography uses LSB of pixels to embed the message, but this lone technique is easily detectable, so LBP is the technique which is used in the approach to embed data into image. It uses the pattern classification characteristics to modify the values of pixels in such a way that the modification yields the message requirements and aids the extraction process. But using pure LBP is also detectable and messages can be retrieved. Even to secure the location of LBP hidden message in the image, segmentation is used for hiding the using only desired areas of the image. For segmentation various clustering t...

In this Paper, we present a new approach to protect digital images using the genetic algorithm using the image encryption technique. In genetic algorithms, the crossing operation assembles the existing genes and the mutation operation produces new genes. Here, for each pair of pixels of digital image, the binary value of a cross-image is applied and the mutation is used to encrypt the digital image. Several test analyzes are performed, such as correlation analysis, entropy, and histogram, to verify the performance of the digital protection of the medical images or the encryption algorithm.

View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk provided by Binus University Repository viii PRAKATA Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas segala berkat, rahmat dan bimbingan-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Penulisan skripsi yang berjudul Enkapsulasi dan Kompresi Data dalam Transmisi Jaringan Antar Client dan Server ini diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat kelulusan dalam jenjang pendidikan Strata-1 (S1) jurusan Teknik Informatika di Universitas Bina Nusantara. Dalam menyusun skripsi ini penulis mendapat banyak bantuan dari berbagai pihak dan pada kesempatan yang baik ini penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih kepada:

Providing a simple and secure way to preserve confidential messages is crucial, given the widespread exchange of messages across various communication channels. This research paper presents a straightforward and effective method for protecting secret messages. The approach utilizes a speech file as the cover medium, enhancing the hiding capacity by enabling the concealment of a message that matches the size of the cover media. The method hides one character from the secret message using every sample of the speech file. The sample values of the speech file will be converted into 64-bit binary numbers, with the 8 least significant bits of each sample reserved for embedding the 8-bit character. Replacing the eight least significant bits of each sample with the binary value of the character will minimally impact the sample's value. As a result, the stego sample value will closely resemble the original cover sample value, ensuring excellent quality in the stego file. The mean square error will be close to zero. The suggested method will be tested using several messages and cover speech files. The resulting experimental data will be analyzed to demonstrate the method's enhancements in increasing hiding capacity, speeding up the message embedding process, and minimizing the error between the cover and stego speech, effectively making the stego speech indistinguishable from the original.

Steganography is the technique of hiding information so that any intermediate third party is unaware about the presence of secret message. Digital steganography uses some digital media as the cover for the secret message, like in our case, we have used digital images as the cover media. Essence of steganography is that the third party should never be able to detect the presence of secret message in the cover image. Once the third party detects the secret message, it is assumed that the steganography technique has failed to serve its purpose. The proposed model presents a novel approach of develop a secure data hiding technique of Steganography using wavelet transform, Some logical operations, binary convertor, along with random number generation method. Keywords— Digital image, information hiding, steganography, PSNR value, LSB.

A simple and efficient method of digital color image steganography will be introduced, the method will replace the popular color image used as a covering method in most recently existing method by a simple saw tooth periodic wave signal, this signal can be easily generated, and the size in samples of this signal can be easily controlled by the selected values of the generation time and the sampling frequency. The covering SPWS samples will be presented using 64_bits binary presentation, while the unsigned decimal values of the secret image to be hidden will be presented using 8_bits binary presentation. Changing the 32 LSBs of the covering samples will not much affect the sample value, so each sample will be used to hold 4 bytes from the secret image, thus the capacity hiding will increased and it will equal the size of SPWS in  samples multiplied by 4. The proposed method will use a batch operation to replace-extract the 32 LSBs of the covering samples using only one operation based on the reshaping process of the binary matrices. The proposed method will be tested using various images, the obtained results will be used to prove the enhancements provided by the proposed method in the quality and speed of image steganography.

The fast technology improvement in communication and information interchange systems, in the last few decades, has led a big problem. The problem a raised when modern machines produced enormous amount of data and the requirement for fast handling becomes necessary. Therefore, image coding techniques and data compression methods have recently appeared to solve the above mentioned problem. In order to reduce the volume of pictorial data which one may need to store or transmit, the research modifies a method for image data compression based on the two-component code; in this coding technique, the image is partitioned into regions of slowly varying intensity. The contours separating the regions are coded by hadmard transform, while the rest image regions are coded by (AMBTC).

The behavior of posting pictures on social network structures is befell everywhere and every single 2nd. for this reason, the conversation channels supplied through various social networks have a remarkable potential for covert verbal exchange. however, photos transmitted through such channels will typically be JPEG compressed, which fails most of the prevailing steganographic schemes.

Pencurian data yang terkandung dalam dokumen digital dapat dihindari dengan cara mengamankan file dokumen dengan menggunakan kriptografi. XXTEA sebagai salah satu algoritma kriptografi yang berbasis pada iterasi feistel merupakan solusi untuk masalah ini. Tanpa perhitungan yang rumit, algoritma XXTEA menghasilkan file dokumen teracak yang tidak dapat diakses tanpa harus melakukan proses dekripsi terlebih dahulu terhadap file tersebut. Penelitian ini menghasilkan aplikasi pengaman file dokumen yang memanfaatkan algoritma XXTEA dan bahasa pemrograman Microsoft Visual Basic .Net 2010

Teknolojinin gelişmesi ile birlikte sayısal verilerin güvenli bir şekilde iletilmesi önemli bir hale gelmektedir. Şifreleme ve steganografi ile birlikte iletilecek veri alıcıya daha güvenli bir şekilde iletilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada da yazılı bir metne ilkel şifreleme tekniklerinden Vigenere şifreleme uygulanmış ve elde edilen şifreli veri görüntü içerisine 3 farklı algoritma ile gizlenmiştir. Mesaj metni iletilirken steganografi de kullanıldığından ilkel şifreleme tekniklerinden Vigenere şifreleme tercih edilmiştir. Şifrelenmiş veri ile birlikte verinin boyut bilgisi görüntü içerisindeki piksellerin mavi bileşenine LSB (Least Significant Bit) yöntemiyle gizlenmiştir. Görüntü içerisine satırlara, sütunlara ve diagonal şekilde olmak üzere 3 farklı algoritma ile veri gizleme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Orijinal görüntü ile şifreli verinin gizlendiği taşıyıcı arasındaki değişim oranının tespit edilmesi amacıyla MSE (Mean Squared Error) kullanılmış ve 3 farklı algoritmada MSE değerleri karşılaştırılmıştır.

Gunumuzde teknolojinin gelismesiyle birlikte bilgi guvenligi oldukca onemli hale gelmistir. Dijital ortamda bulunan verilerin guvenligini saglamak icin sifreleme ve steganografi teknikleri kullanilmaktadir. Şifreleme ile mesaj, belirli yontemlerle alicinin da bildigi bir sekilde degistirilir. Sezar, Vigenere gibi ilkel sifreleme teknikleri oldugu gibi DES (Data Encryption Standart,Veri Şifreleme Standardi) ve AES (Advanced Encryption Standard, Gelismis Şifreleme Standardi) gibi modern sifreleme metotlari da vardir. Fakat mesaj steganografi ile de gizleneceginden ilkel sifreleme yontemlerinden Vigenere sifreleme yeterli gorulmustur. Vigerene sifrelemede bir anahtar vasitasiyla mesaj ASCII karsiliklari toplanmakta ve sifreli mesaj elde edilmektedir. Steganografi mesajin varliginin gizlenmesi ile ilgilenmektedir. Şifrelenen metin steganografi ile metin, goruntu veya ses icerisine gizlenebilmektedir. Mesajin icerigi ASCII koduna cevrilmistir. Bu kod dizini Vigenere sifreleme metodu ile ...

A Wavelet Watermarking and frequency domain feature based on adaptive watermarking algorithm is proposed. Many existing steganography methods hide more secret data into edged areas than smooth areas in the host image, which does not differentiate textures from edges and causes serious degradation in actual edge areas. For providing more security to the information and to enhance the hiding capacity of an image and avoid abrupt changes in image edge areas, as well as to achieve better quality of the stego-image, a novel image data hiding technique by Wavelet Watermarking and frequency domain is proposed in this paper. The paper focuses on Image Adaptive watermarking methods in the Discrete Wavelet Transform Domain and frequency domain since they yield better results regarding robustness and transparency than other watermarking schemes. The Discrete Wavelet Transform Domain and frequency domain dual adaptive watermarking algorithm which will be used for the novel application for watermarking. It helps, for providing more security to the information

The methods of image compression for storage in decentralized blockchain repositories, specifically in the IPFS system, are examined. A methodology for evaluating the efficiency of different image compression algorithms is proposed, incorporating both lossless compression (PNG, TIFF, GIF) and lossy compression (JPEG, WEBP). The comparison includes metrics such as file size, image quality (measured by PSNR), upload time to IPFS, and bandwidth for each compression method. Each image is hashed, and the hash is stored in a smart contract within a local blockchain network deployed using Ganache. Such methods enable the optimization of image storage and transfer within blockchain repositories, ensuring a balance between image quality, file size, and access speed.

Protecting circulated via various transmission Medias secret messages from being hacked is vital issue. In this
paper research an easy to implement and flexible to use method of message cryptography will be introduced.
This method will be used efficiently to encrypt-decrypt short and long messages, changing the message and or
changing the private key will not require any changes in the encryption and decryption functions. The method
will secure the transmitted secret message base on using a private key with complicated structure, this key will
use four values with double data type, thus the key space will be high and capable to resist hacking attacks. The
produced decrypted message will be very sensitive to the selected PK values, changes in one or more values
during the decryption will be considered as a hacking attempt by producing a damaged decrypted message. The
private key will be used to generate a 2D chaotic logistic key, each row of the key will be used to generate a
secret key required to encrypt-decrypt the message in the associated round, the number of selected rounds will
be included in the private key and it will be used to control the quality of the encrypted message, increasing the
number of rounds will increase the decree of encrypted message destruction. The proposed method will enhance
the performance of message cryptography by decreasing the encryption time and increasing the throughput of
message cryptography.
The proposed method will be tested and implemented using various messages; the obtained results will be
discussed to prove the quality, sensitivity and performance of the proposed method.

A new efficient method of secret message steganography will be introduced; the method will use an image-block as a covering-stego media, this block will be secret and it will be determined by the selected private key. The image-block will be substituted before message hiding-extracting, and it will be substituted back after message hiding. The method will provide a high security level to protect the hidden message, the private key will have a length of 384 bits, this length will be good enough to provide a huge key space capable to resist hacking attacks, the extracted message will be very sensitive to the selected values of the private, any changes in the private key in the extraction phase will be considered as a hacking attempt by producing a damaged unreadable message. The private key will be used to select the secret image-block and to generate two indices keys, which are required to apply image-block rows and column substitution. The indices key will be obtained by running two simple chaotic logistic map models. The proposed method will use inconsecutive and separate covering-stego bytes and the process of message bits hiding will be applied in batch way by performing a single replacement operation.
The proposed method will be implemented using various messages and various covering images, the obtained results will be used to prove the enhancements provided by this method in the quality and speed of message steganography.

Security and confidentiality of information are considered a requirement in today's communication media. Many people have used Internet to share and distribute confidential information. On the other hand, many malicious activities attempts to steal those information by irresponsible parties. Therefore, information must be secured and converted into another form before it is sent to the destination by the use of cryptography and steganography. We developed a program to secure this information, by using Twofish and Least Significant Bit algorithm to encrypt secret messages and then insert it into an image file. By combining these two methods, we can achieve higher levet of information security.The information encoded with twofish algorithm will change the fite size stightly. This changes are caused by the use of padding. In addition, both of the output image are not resistant by some manipulation operations. The output of the system in BMP format does not change the file size afte...

The rapid advancement of information and communication technology (ICT) has revolutionized communication and streamlined various tasks. With the widespread use of mobile phones by over 6 billion people globally, they have become the dominant means of communication and an essential personal tool. As mobile devices store sensitive personal data, ensuring data security has become paramount due to the rising incidence of digital crimes and the increasing reliance on these devices. While passwords and PINs have been employed as data security measures, research has indicated their vulnerability to attacks, highlighting the need for alternative techniques. In response to these challenges, this work introduces an Android application called 'The Hider', which uses the concept of image steganography for secure communication for Android phone users. The application is developed using Dart, a modern programming language, while the user interface (UI) is built with Flutter, a framework known for creating visually appealing and responsive interfaces. The proposed application utilizes cover images in formats like JPEG, PNG, or BMP to conceal both text and files, employing the AES encryption method. To enhance security, the application incorporates a secret key for encryption and decryption, along with a biometric feature that verifies the user's fingerprint. Considering these features, 'The Hider' application is recommended for all Android users seeking enhanced data security and privacy.

Image steganography, the art of concealing information within an image, has evolved with the advancement of digital technology. Traditional methods of image steganography often face challenges related to imperceptibility, robustness, and capacity. This paper presents an optimized image steganography technique that integrates Adaptive Pixel Differencing (APD) with edge direction analysis to enhance the security and efficiency of the embedding process. The proposed method minimizes visual distortions, maximizes embedding capacity, and improves robustness against attacks such as compression and noise. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed technique in terms of imperceptibility, capacity, and security when compared to conventional methods.

Steganography plays a vital role in achieving secret data security by embedding it into cover media. The cover media and the secret data can be text or multimedia, such as images, videos, etc. In this paper, we propose a novel 1-minimization and sparse approximation based blind multi-image steganography scheme, termed 1 SABMIS. By using 1 SABMIS, multiple secret images can be hidden in a single cover image. In 1 SABMIS, we sampled cover image into four sub-images, sparsify each sub-image block-wise, and then obtain linear measurements. Next, we obtain DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) coefficients of the secret images and then embed them into the cover image's linear measurements. We perform experiments on several standard gray-scale images, and evaluate embedding capacity, PSNR (peak signal-to-noise ratio) value, mean SSIM (structural similarity) index, NCC (normalized cross-correlation) coefficient, NAE (normalized absolute error), and entropy. The value of these assessment metrics indicates that 1 SABMIS outperforms similar existing steganography schemes. That is, we successfully hide more than two secret images in a single cover image without degrading the cover image significantly. Also, the extracted secret images preserve good visual quality, and 1 SABMIS is resistant to steganographic attack.

The growth of electronic services on the web, lead to the development of premier web applications that try to offer means of electronic democracy. Such aspects are: electronic elections, electronic debates, electronic pre-election concentrations, public spee ches, electronic parliament, electronic government and others. Elect ronic elections are nowadays one of the most popular issues of e-democr acy. That led to the development of applications and several securit y mechanisms to address such necessity. The problem that adheres is that such applications are created either on demand for a spe cific election process, or experimentally for scientific purposes. In this paper we present ELAN, an application suita ble of conducting electronic elections over the web. ELAN stands for ELections ANalyzer and it is a web PHP/MYSQL application based on its own security protocol and an elections specific data analysis co mponent. Its features and innovations such as data analysis char acteristic...