Gaza Strip

"Conscience", the boat bombed by Israel in May 2025, has returned to serve as a vehicle for international journalists and medical professionals from 25 countries to reach Gaza. Israel has targeted Palestinian journalists, killing over 270 and imprisoning countless more since October 2023, while also dismantling Gaza’s healthcare system: destroying hospitals and clinics and abducting, torturing, starving and killing Palestinian medical workers.

References include:
1. The Gaza Genocide as a Global Test of Press Freedom by M. Salama, S.S. Fahmy, M.R. Alsaba, and S. Shahin. The Cairo Review of Global Affairs, pp. 6. Fall 2025
2. New Graveyards: How Dangers to War Reporters Endanger the World by Nick Turse  Brown University’s Thomas J. Watson Jr. School of International and Public Affairs, pp. 36, April 1, 2025

Preliminary identification and clustering of core themes
Detection and configuration of complementary pairs of strategic principles
Systemic tensions between 20-point "principles" mapped onto 30 icosahedral edges
Renderings of 20-point Gaza Plan in poetic formi
Renderings of 20-point Gaza Plan in haiku form
Middle Eastern scripts carrying Gaza coherence otherwise
Chinese scripts carrying Gaza coherence otherwise
Eliciting negotiating "tables" by complexifying the icosahedral pattern
Complexification associated with recognition of neglected "inner chambers"
In quest of requisite complexity -- tiling, C60 fullerene, tensegrity?
Framing a 20-point plan systemically within a drilled truncated cube?

Answering the Crucial, Unanswered Question of the World

Genocide means planned, massive elimination or murder of a nation or race. It also means,

a continuous, massive, structured, planned process carried out by a group (the rulers, the powerful) against a specific nation, tribe, sub-tribe, or ethnic group;

such treatment (may) include cutting off reach, hindering mobility, and other efforts to prevent regeneration or the increase of offspring;

killing and elimination (of adults, children, and newborns), the forced removal of children from their parents and taking them elsewhere;

obscuring and eliminating personal identity and upward lineage.

At what point has Israel committed these acts, according to the meaning of genocide, against the residents of Gaza, or more precisely, "Descendants of the Arabs residing in Gaza?" (Reflect and Answer)

This article examines the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous drone technologies into contemporary military infrastructures, focusing on the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) as a key case study. It explores how AI systems such as Lavender, Gospel, and Where is Daddy? Algorithmically mediate target identification and lethal decision-making, highlighting the emergence of a digitized ‘kill chain’. Through investigative reporting by Yuval Abraham and broader analysis of cloud infrastructure projects like Project Nimbus, the article reveals how corporate platforms (e.g. Google and Amazon) facilitate large-scale data surveillance and AI-based warfare. These developments exemplify a shift toward Hyperwar, where acceleration, automation bias, and machine-based decision-making increasingly dominate the battlefield. The article argues that such systems embody authoritarian logics, producing a ‘responsibility gap’ and enabling forms of digital authoritarianism that dissolve the boundaries between military action, surveillance, and governance – especially in asymmetric conflicts. Ultimately, the case underscores the dangers of AI weaponization, the erosion of human oversight, and the normalization of computational control over life and death.

The Israeli war of aggression on the Gaza Strip from 7 October 2023 brought about devastating impacts on the beleaguered and besieged Palestinian territory. With a view to informing the emerging discourse around the “Day After,” this chapter outlines several strategic considerations for the future reconstruction of the Gaza Strip following the 2023–2024 war. It begins by providing a brief contextualisation of the Gaza Strip, the impact of Israel’s 2023–2024 war on the territory, and the estimated costs of reconstruction. The chapter presents several major lessons that can be learned from previous rounds of reconstruction in the Gaza Strip. These lessons are then reflected upon in terms of the extent to which they remain applicable in the context of any “Day After” scenario following the 2023–2024 war, entailing strategic discussion of the issue of who runs the Gaza Strip and the role of regional actors in resource mobilisation. Finally, the concept of “The Day After” is itself subject to critical interpretation in light of the need to end the cycle of rebuilding and destruction in Gaza. The purpose of the chapter is to provide analytical insights to support more effective and grounded reconstruction process in the Gaza Strip.

This paper examines how partial compliance with peace proposals challenges traditional binary (accept/reject) frameworks in conflict resolution. Through analysis of Hamas's October 2025 response to President Trump's 20-point Gaza peace plan, I demonstrate that contemporary peace processes fail to accommodate conditional acceptance-a common yet theoretically neglected phenomenon. Three actors interpreted the same document in radically different ways: Trump declared Hamas "ready for lasting peace," Netanyahu viewed the response as rejection requiring continued military action, and Hamas offered strategic partial acceptance to preserve organizational relevance while appearing reasonable. This divergence reveals a fundamental flaw in peace agreement architecture: binary frameworks force premature closure and misrepresent the iterative nature of conflict resolution. Drawing on comparative analysis of the Northern Ireland peace process, Colombian FARC negotiations, and failed attempts at Camp David II, I argue for "graduated compliance frameworks" that recognize conditional acceptance as a legitimate negotiating position. The paper proposes a five-level compliance scale and modular agreement architecture that could better accommodate realworld negotiation dynamics. These findings have immediate relevance for ongoing conflicts in Ukraine, Sudan, and Yemen, where similar partial compliance patterns emerge.

This article is about the genocide in Gaza and the illegal kidnapping of the crew of the international humanitarian solidarity fleet in international waters. I attempt to explain Israel's stance, since it appears that they deliberately push things to a dead end. My argument is that they behave in a terrorist manner because they think that they can they can impose their terms on the whole region this way. They rely on the weakness of the US under Trump and the reluctance of the EU to impose economic sanctions on them. Israel could not withstand economic sanctions for more than two weeks.(PARON 5/10/2025)

, President Trump held a press conference along with his counterpart, Prime Minister of Israel, Binjamin Netanyahu, and issued 20 Points detailed peace plan for the war torn Gaza, though he claims that the plan was backed by prominent Muslim states, including Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Qatar, Pakistan and some other's. By and large these Muslim states also welcomed the Plan, most importantly Palestinian political body which is Palestinian liberation Organization also called the plan an opportunity to end the war on Gaza. (fadel, 2025) Here is the plan, as released by the White House: Gaza will be a deradicalized terror-free zone that does not pose a threat to its neighbors. Gaza will be redeveloped for the benefit of the people of Gaza, who have suffered more than enough. If both sides agree to this proposal, the war will immediately end. Israeli forces will withdraw to the agreed upon line to prepare for a hostage release. During this time, all military operations, including aerial and artillery bombardment, will be suspended, and battle lines will remain frozen until conditions are met for the complete staged withdrawal. Within 72 hours of Israel publicly accepting this agreement, all hostages, alive and deceased, will be returned. (plan released by white house, 2025

Executive Summary:
This research aims to document and analyze the destruction inflicted on cultural  institutions and centers in the Gaza Strip since October 7, 2023. The study relies on data  and statistics from reliable sources, including UNESCO, the Palestinian Ministry of  Culture, and specialized international organizations. The results indicate widespread  destruction affecting 110 cultural sites according to UNESCO, and 207 out of 320 heritage  sites according to the Palestinian Ministry of Culture, in addition to the martyrdom of 44  cultural workers. The study concludes that this destruction constitutes a systematic  cultural genocide aimed at erasing Palestinian identity.

This study critically examines the application of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) principle in the Palestinian conflict, focusing on how it has been implemented as well as the perceptions of Palestinian refugees concerning its application. By analysing the United Nations documents and conducting interviews with Palestinian refugees, the thesis reveals substantial discrepancies between the theoretical aspirations of the responsibility to protect and its actual implementation on the ground. The findings suggest that while international efforts under R2P have provided crucial humanitarian aid and support, they fail to prevent and respond effectively to the profound crises the Palestinian population is facing. At the same time, refugee narratives highlight critical deficiencies in the R2P and its capabilities, revealing how its application is significantly influenced by geopolitical interests. The study highlights the need of operational mechanisms to improve the R2P's actions, impartiality, and responsiveness in the application of the R2P. This study contributes to the broader discourse on international protection norms by providing empirical insights into the challenges of implementing R2P in a complex and politically nuanced context. Furthermore, the perspectives of Palestinian refugees offer valuable lessons about the need to transform the theoretical principle into a practical instrument to prevent and provide real protection to populations whose human rights are systematically violated, as in the case of the Palestinian people.

Introducción: El Punto de Inflexión de Octubre de 2025 En este informe (principios de octubre de 2025), se analiza un momento decisivo en el conflicto de Gaza, que se aproxima a su segundo aniversario desde el ataque del 7 de octubre de 2023. La situación actual está definida por una catástrofe humanitaria de proporciones históricas, con un balance de más de 66,000 palestinos muertos y 168,000 heridos. 1 La Franja de Gaza se enfrenta a una hambruna severa que, según informes del Ministerio de Sanidad del enclave, ha causado la muerte de al menos 455 personas, entre ellas 151 niños. 1 En este contexto de devastación, la administración del presidente de Estados Unidos, Donald Trump, ha intervenido de manera contundente, presentando un plan de paz de 20 puntos y emitiendo un ultimátum a Hamás. El grupo tiene hasta el domingo 5 de octubre a las 18:00 (hora de Washington) para aceptar los términos o, en palabras del propio presidente, prepararse para que "se desate un infierno como nunca antes se ha visto". 4

يعالج البحث محاولة الخلط بين الصلح المشروع والتطبيع الممنوع، ويشرح الفروق الكثيرة بينهما، بما يظهر شروط الصلح عند الفقهاء، ويكشف انتفاءها عن التطبيع بمعناه السياسي المعروف اليوم، ويؤكد من خلال ذلك القطع بتحريم التطبيع، وأنه يدخل في موالاة المشركين، ويفصل هنا في أحكام الموالاة: متى تكون كفرا ومتى تكون فسقا، ثم يدفع البحث عن أئمة العصر - كالشيخ عبد العزيز بن باز - القول بجواز التطبيع، ويثبت من خلال دراسة فتاواه وأقواله أنه - كغيره من العلماء - يقول بمنع التطبيع وتحريمه، ثم يخلص البحث إلى تذكير الشعوب بواجبها عند تطبيع حكوماتها، ويحذر من المآلات الخطيرة للتطبيع، خاصة إذا تجاوز التطبيع الحكومي إلى التطبيع الشعبي والتدخل في مناهج التعليم، ويختم البحث بالكلام على التطبيع مع الذنوب والمعاصي، وكيف ينتهي إلى التطبيع السياسي المذموم، والله الموفق.

Muslims are distinctive in maintaining a close relationship with their Prophet Muhammad ﷺ (without idolizing him). During moments of grief, they remember that he lost his mother at the age of six (having lost his father before he was born). In his lifetime, he also lost his wife Khadījah (ra) after twenty-five years of marriage and companionship, when she was his sole wife in a polygamous society. In the same year, he lost his uncle and guardian, Abu Talib. He also endured the loss of six out of his seven children (along with numerous companions and friends). Therefore, even after more than a millennium, Muslims continue to draw inspiration from the graceful way Prophet Muhammad ﷺ managed his losses.

Similarly, the latest verses by a devoted mother from Gaza,  Dr. Alaa’ Qatrawi, reflect her coping with the death of her four children. Her original work is in Arabic and has been translated by Dr. Farah El-Sharif.

(See also: Bereaved Gazan Mother's Letter: https://www.academia.edu/129211466/Bereaved_Gazan_Mothers_Letter)

References include:
1. Mechanism for Coping With Moments of Grief in Islam by A. A. Akanni - Sociology Study, October 2016, Vol. 6, No. 10, 663‐675
2. Understanding Grief Through Islamic Coping Mechanisms by M Çınaroğlu - Spiritual Psychology and Counseling, 2024, cilt: IX, sayı: 1, s. 169-186
3. Causes and Means of Healing: An Islamic Ontological Perspective by Ahsan M. Arozullah, Aasim I. Padela, M. Volkan Stodolsky, M. Amin Kholwadia - Journal of Religion and Health, Springer Nature, 10 July 2018
4. The Practice of Healing Using Ruqyah Shar'iyyah During the Time of Prophet Muhammad for the Treatment of Physical and Spiritual Illnesses by Sharifah Norshah Bani Syed Bidin . Ahmed S.A. Alqodsi - International Journal Of Academic Research In Business And Social Sciences, Vol. 1 5 , No. 01, 2025, E-ISSN: 2222-6990 © 2025.

This article examines Donald Trump's 2025 Gaza peace plan against the backdrop of catastrophic humanitarian loss and escalating international legal controversy. While the plan promises an immediate cessation of violence, it simultaneously institutionalises a "colonial peace" in which Palestinian survival is exchanged for compliance under an externally imposed trusteeship. The central argument advanced is that sovereignty is reframed as conditional and Palestinian political agency indefinitely deferred. Within this framework, Pakistan's unprecedented leadership role in the International Stabilisation Force (ISF) is decisive: its participation may either legitimise externally managed order or contest domination by leveraging its symbolic and diplomatic capital. The analysis situates the plan within a wider genealogy of trusteeships, from Bosnia to Afghanistan, and concludes that although the proposal may halt mass killing in the short term, its colonial architecture renders it untenable as a genuine path to peace unless Pakistan and other actors actively reshape its implementation to safeguard Palestinian sovereignty and dignity.

Almost two years after October 7, Gaza lies in ruins. Western governments have condemned the slaughter but continue to shield Israel, while Trump and Netanyahu push a “peace plan” critics see as surrender. With global opinion shifting and cracks widening among allies, the future of Palestine—and the credibility of the international order—hangs in the balance.

Sept. 26—On Monday, September 22, through a statement by French President Emmanuel Macron before the United Nations General Assembly in New York, France, reconnecting with its historic position, finally recognized the state of Palestine. The time has come. In his speech, the French President placed his decision within the framework of the “New York Declaration on the Peaceful Settlement of the Question of Palestine and the Implementation of the Two-State Solution,” a veritable roadmap detailing in 42 points the concrete steps to achieve lasting Israeli-Palestinian peace and annexes bringing together numerous proposals touching on all the concrete issues necessary for the reconstruction of Gaza within the framework of regional peace. It should be noted that this statement comes not only from the two co-chairs of the conference held from July 28 to 30 at the United Nations headquarters in New York, the French Republic and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, but also from the co-chairs of the eight working groups.

Ce lundi 29 septembre, Donald Trump et Benjamin Netanyahou ont annoncé un plan de paix en 20 points pour Gaza. Le spectacle fut grandiose, le feu d’artifice mortifère qui en résultera le sera beaucoup moins. Aucun journaliste n’a été autorisé à poser la moindre question lors de la conférence de presse.

The deadly failure of the US-Israeli-backed food distribution system, along with the suffocating blockade and the continued intensive Israeli military campaign have all exacerbated Gaza's starvation crisis and brought humanitarian conditions in the Palestinian coastal enclave beyond breaking point.

The deadly failure of the US-Israeli-backed aid distribution system, along with the suffocating blockade and the continued intensive Israeli military campaign have all exacerbated Gaza's starvation crisis and brought humanitarian conditions in the coastal enclave beyond breaking point. Over the past few weeks, two significant developments dominated the news about Gaza. One, is the daily deadly violence that surrounded the operation of the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation (GHF); a new food distribution mechanism launched on May 27, that was introduced by its Israeli and US sponsors as an alternative to the existing UN-led system of delivering aid to what has recently been described as the "hungriest place on earth." Two, the widespread and growing hunger and starvation of Gaza's 2.1 million people, caused, since March 2, by nearly three months of Israeli total blockade on entry of food, fuel, water, medicine, and other humanitarian supplies, into the war-ravaged coastal enclave. These two developments have been taking place while the 21-month-old Israeli military campaign against Gaza -conducted at a greater intensity since March 18, 2025 -continues to cause more death and injuries, more forced displacement, and more destruction.

l artículo critica la posición de Reyes Mate sobre las protestas contra el genocidio en Gaza y el papel de Israel. Según el autor, el filósofo evita llamar “genocidio” a lo que ocurre en Gaza y recurre a una retórica ambigua que diluye la responsabilidad israelí. Su apelación a la “responsabilidad histórica” derivada del antisemitismo europeo se convierte, paradójicamente, en un obstáculo para denunciar la violencia actual. El texto señala la miopía de esta postura: la memoria de la Shoah sirve de coartada para guardar silencio ante otros crímenes. Del mismo modo, la propuesta de compasión se considera improductiva, ya que sustituye la acción política por un consuelo moral.

El autor también denuncia la asunción acrítica del relato israelí sobre Hamás y la deslegitimación de las banderas palestinas, que reducen a los palestinos al papel de víctimas sin agencia. En conjunto, se presenta a Reyes Mate como ejemplo de irresponsabilidad intelectual y de ceguera ante el presente.

The establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 represents a pivotal and highly contested event in modern international history. For Palestinians, this period is referred to as the Nakba (catastrophe), characterized by the forced displacement of over 700,000 individuals, the destruction of villages, and the denial of the right of return for displaced populations. While Israel subsequently attained recognition from select international actors through the United Nations, the foundational processes involved significant dispossession and displacement of the indigenous Palestinian population. Scholars in international law and postcolonial studies argue that such processes, achieved through systematic removal of a population and sustained through occupation, raise serious questions regarding the legality of the state's establishment. Contemporary practices, including the expansion of settlements, the systematic annexation of land, and the exclusion of Palestinian refugees from returning to their homes, further underscore the contested legal and moral legitimacy of Israel's statehood.The situation in Gaza exemplifies the ongoing consequences of thiscontested legitimacy. For nearly two decades, Gaza has been subjected to a comprehensive blockade by land, air, and sea. This blockade has severely restricted the flow of essential goods, including food, medicine, and fuel, and has significantly limited freedom of movement for the population. Repeated military operations have resulted in the destruction of civilian infrastructure, including homes, hospitals, and schools, while creating conditions of life that are widely recognized as intolerable. According to the United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (1948), acts including mass killings, infliction of conditions intended to destroy a group, and the creation of conditions causing serious physical or mental harm constitute genocide. The situation in Gaza demonstrates many of these criteria, leading an increasing number of human rights organizations, legal scholars, and governmental bodies to classify Israel's actions as genocidal.

"Guerra en Gaza: Un estudio de la devastación, la guerra de narrativas y la parálisis global" ofrece un análisis crítico y estructurado del conflicto entre Israel y Hamás, conceptualizándolo como un complejo entramado de factores que incluye una intensa "guerra de narrativas," profundas implicaciones éticas y jurídicas, y una resonancia geopolítica que expone las fracturas del orden internacional.
El estudio revisa la dinámica entre Hamás y la población de Gaza (Capítulo II), señalando la grave acusación del uso de civiles como "escudos humanos," una violación del Derecho Internacional Humanitario. En el ámbito legal, se destaca el acto trascendental de la Corte Penal Internacional (CPI), que emitió órdenes de arresto paralelas contra líderes de Hamás y altos funcionarios israelíes, estableciendo una simetría legal en las acusaciones que desafía las narrativas unilaterales.
Respecto al costo humano y material (Capítulo III), el trabajo describe una catástrofe de dimensiones históricas y destrucción sin precedentes. Se cuantifica la devastación de más del 60% de la infraestructura de Gaza (incluyendo viviendas, salud y educación), lo que subraya el carácter de calamidad humana.
El análisis de los objetivos estratégicos de Israel (Capítulo IV) identifica una "paradoja estratégica". El objetivo de "eliminar a Hamás" es, a largo plazo, difícil de alcanzar ideológicamente. La conclusión más crítica es la ausencia de un plan político coherente para el "día después" , lo cual es irreconciliable con la insistencia de la comunidad internacional en una solución política de dos Estados.
En su examen comparativo y geopolítico (Capítulos V y VI), el estudio clasifica Gaza como un conflicto asimétrico , y subraya que la respuesta global está marcada por el sesgo geopolítico y la parálisis de los mecanismos multilaterales de la ONU.
La reflexión final concluye que no existe una solución militar a un conflicto esencialmente político. La escala de la respuesta israelí ha sido estratégicamente contraproducente para su legitimidad. La única vía viable es un esfuerzo multilateral, sostenido y centrado en una solución política que garantice tanto la seguridad de Israel como la dignidad y la estatalidad del pueblo palestino.

This paper traces the historical trajectory of the two-state solution as the dominant paradigm in Israeli-Palestinian diplomacy from its nascent origins in the early twentieth century through its contemporary erosion. Through systematic analysis of diplomatic documents, international resolutions, and negotiation frameworks, this study maps the arc of consensus-examining how partition evolved from a contested colonial proposal into internationally accepted orthodoxy, only to fragment under the weight of implementation failures and changing political realities. The research identifies critical inflection points including the 1947 UN Partition Plan, the 1967 War and Resolution 242, the Oslo Accords of 1993, and the post-2000 collapse of negotiations. By analyzing the interplay between international diplomatic frameworks, domestic political transformations, and on-the-ground realities, this paper illuminates both the construction and deconstruction of diplomatic consensus. The findings reveal that the two-state solution's ascendance represented a convergence of international interests, pragmatic compromise, and mutual exhaustion rather than genuine reconciliation, while its decline reflects deepening asymmetries, settlement expansion, political fragmentation, and the emergence of alternative frameworks. This historical analysis contributes to understanding how diplomatic paradigms achieve hegemonic status and subsequently lose legitimacy, offering insights relevant to conflict resolution beyond the Israeli-Palestinian context.

Israeli officials have long resisted such asymmetrical trades, but precedent exists. In 2011, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu justified the exchange of over 1,000 Palestinian prisoners for one Israeli soldier, Gilad Shalit, by stating, “When you have to choose between the lives of our sons and daughters, and the freedom of those who have murdered us, you choose life.”⁴ Trump’s plan draws explicitly on this precedent but seeks to codify it as a formalised process rather than a one-off arrangement.

The einironment is a living and interconnected space. It reflects the fundamental existential values of humanity and thus shares proximity with the values protected through the conception of core crimes under the ICC Statute. Environmental protection against *

South Africa's ICJ case marks a shift from symbolic solidarity to active legal diplomacy. The case reflects frustration with traditional diplomacy and tests multilateral institutions in crisis. South Africa's actions are shaped by postapartheid constitutionalism and deep ties to Palestinian self-determination. Compared to other Global South states, South Africa took a more assertive and public legal route. Domestic civil society mobilization and historical identity as a human rights state enabled this engagement. The move aligns with a broader trend of middle powers using international law to assert influence amid global polarization.

Un romanzo nato dall’incontro tra Souzan Fatayer e Domenico Borriello, che dà voce alla memoria, al dolore e alla dignità del popolo palestinese. Attraverso la storia di Souzan e della piccola Yāsmīn, il libro intreccia racconto personale e realtà collettiva, tra Nablus e Napoli, tra esilio e resistenza. Una scrittura limpida, arricchita da proverbi, immagini e testimonianze, che invita a non restare indifferenti. La Collana di Yāsmīn è un atto di ascolto, di denuncia e di profondo umanesimo.

Introducing and fortifying the internal audit function is a channel of improving the organization's governance and control systems. According to , over the years, research studies have questioned the impact of the internal audit function in acting as both a buffer and control against fraud and other external malpractice exposure. Besides, an internal audit has significantly contributed to reinforcing the internal controls of the organization . The scope of the impact, use, merits, and demerits of internal auditing in reducing financial and administrative corruption on the public joint-stock companies in Saudi Arabia is yet to be fully explored. Therefore, this study aimed to highlight the effect of applying international standards for internal auditing, investigate ways to reduce corruption on the public joint-stock companies in Saudi Arabia through the international standards set for the internal audit function and to examine the scale of internal administrative control, internal accounting control and the implementation of internal checks in Public Joint-stock companies in Saudi Arabia. The application of international standards for internal auditing, improving the relationship between internal and external auditors, as well as the competencies of the workers, had a profound contribution to curbing corruption.

In sum, SJSU’s termination of Professor Kil is clear attack on her First Amendment and
Fourteenth Amendment rights, as well as her rights guaranteed by the California Constitution,
federal law, and state law. It is apparent that as an Asian, queer woman, Professor Kil is being
subjected to harsher disciplinary measures than her colleagues of different races, sexual
orientations, and genders. While SJSU leadership may not personally agree with or appreciate
her speech and political activity, it is unlawful to terminate her on this basis, to treat her
disparately based on a discriminatory animus and is an injustice to the SJSU’s students and
community, who benefit from the work of this passionate and accomplished professor. In
terminating Professor Kil, SJSU sets a dangerous precedent for the future of free speech on
college campuses and sharply erodes the protections and purpose of tenure. Hadsell Stormer
Renick & Dai LLP strongly urges SJSU to take into serious consideration the legal impact and
implications of its decision to terminate Professor Kil.

This analysis looks at Israel as a rogue terrorists state that violates international law with impunity. In launching an unprovoked attack on Iran under the flimsy pretext of "self-defence," Israel has not only escalated tensions in an already volatile region of the world, but has also inflicted irreparable damage to the international legal order.

Gaza si presenta come laboratorio del potere contemporaneo. Benjamin Netanyahu edifica la propria carriera sulla capacità di trasformare l'assedio in fondamento della sovranità. Hamas si insedia come amministratore di un territorio ridotto a campo d'esperimento, con le famiglie palestinesi come materia amministrata. Tra queste due forze emerge un circuito d'interdipendenza che forgia consenso e disciplina. La sicurezza si afferma come paradigma produttivo: produce confini, flussi, tregue, immagini del leader e immagini del nemico.

This study examines the acute crisis of child labor in the Gaza Strip following Hamas's October 7th, 2023 attack on the Gaza envelope and the ensuing large-scale Israeli military assault, situating children's experiences within a context of economic devastation, educational collapse, and social fragmentation. Drawing on 32 in-depth interviews with internally displaced children aged nine to 16, the research employs a trauma-informed, intersectional approach and thematic content analysis to explore how forced labor has become an everyday reality for Gaza's youth. The findings reveal that the destruction of livelihoods, the eradication of educational opportunities, and the breakdown of family and community support systems have stripped children of their rights, security, and futures. Children's testimonies document the transition from protected childhoods to premature adulthood, marked by hazardous work, bereavement, anxiety, and the persistent pressure to provide for their families. Despite the immense psychological and material burdens, many children demonstrate remarkable resilience, mutual care, and a sustained hope for restoration of normalcy and access to education. The study emphasizes the need for sustained, rights-based strategies that prioritize the well-being, agency, and dignity of children in Gaza, and calls for a renewed global commitment to safeguarding their present and future.

Using Islamic schools as a point of reference, this paper investigates the language contact phenomenon within the Islamic schools in Ghana and how it affects the teaching and learning of English in the classrooms across schools located in the Islamic communities. This investigation is done in relation to language policy of education for the primary schools in Ghana. Data was collected from three primary Islamic schools located in three different communities namely in Accra. This study provides insight into the language contact situation in Islamic schools: codeswitching and language interference. The implication of the issues for the planning of literacy in multicultural contexts is also highlighted.

In Eurasia the great historic fault lines between civilizations are once more aflame. This is particularly true along the boundaries of the crescent-shaped Islamic bloc of nations from the bulge of Africa to central Asia. Violence also occurs between Muslims, on the one hand, and Orthodox Serbs in the Balkans, Jews in Israel, Hindus in India, Buddhists in Burma and Catholics in the Philippines. Islam has bloody borders.-Samuel Huntington, 1993 "Individual Moslems may show splendid qualities-but the influence of the religion paralyses the social development of those who follow it. No stronger retrograde force exists in the world."-Winston S. Churchill, The River War.

Israel’s founding military doctrine, expressed in its 1948 Plan Dalet, directs attacks on Indigenous civilian Palestinian homes and human settlements that forcibly displace inhabitants into columns and clusters of shelter seekers. Israeli forces often have bombed the displaced persons in flight and/or their places of refuge, including refuges that Israeli military commanders deem ‘safe’ or ‘humanitarian’ zones.

This article traces the pattern of Israeli forces applying their military doctrine in opportunistic phases, most dramatically manifest in the Nakba and two decades of serial wars against Palestinians in the Gaza Strip. It presents serial examples that demonstrate how this military doctrine has evolved through various tactics and techniques, geographical scope, scale, intensity, rationale and technologies. While these attributes differ slightly over time, they remain consistent with military doctrine set in Israel’s conquest phase (1946–53), institutionalized under a state ideology that aligns Israel’s raison d’état with the serious crimes of apartheid, population transfer and, now, genocide, as currently charged before the International Court.

This study critically examines Israel’s strategic use of the Holocaust narrative to legitimize its policies and suppress international criticism, juxtaposed with its systematic denial of Palestinian rights. It explores Israel’s dual approach: a rhetorical commitment to “peace” alongside aggressive territorial expansion and military repression, culminating in extensive human rights violations in Gaza and the West Bank. Recent European recognition of the State of Palestine at the New York conference on Sept. 22nd. marks a significant shift in international perception, undermining Israel’s historical moral monopoly and providing renewed momentum for a viable two-state solution. By analyzing historical narratives, propaganda, and contemporary events, the paper illuminates the evolving ethical, political, and humanitarian discourse surrounding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
In a world undergoing rapid political and social transformations, issues once considered taboo, sacred, or untouchable are now open to discussion and re-evaluation, driven by growing global public awareness. Among these, Israel exemplifies a new reality that calls for a reassessment of long-standing international positions, which historically aligned with its political narratives regarding Arabs and Palestinians, often portraying them as anti-Semitic and hostile toward Jews who perished in the Nazi Holocaust.
Contemporary attitudes toward Israel have shifted, particularly in response to its ongoing strategy of denying Palestinian rights and the devastation of Gaza—both its infrastructure and civilian population—which became especially evident following the Al-Aqsa Flood. This study seeks to trace the sources of the “spell” Israel has wielded through political and media discourse to shape global opinion regarding the Palestinian cause, while analyzing the changes in state policies, intellectual thought, and public perception that have contributed to a significant shift in attitudes toward this issue.

Contemporary authoritarianism has unfolded alongside multiple crises that, mediated through social media feeds, appear as a continuous stream of decontextualised violence rendered alongside mundane updates. The impulse to scroll through this content for hours, known as doomscrolling, is a compulsion to bear witness in real time; a mode of witnessing without registering. As a pervasive habit, doomscrolling produces a subjectivity that is information-saturated, hyper-engaged, paranoid, inert, and ripe for authoritarian capture. Contextualising it within historical concerns about 24-four-hour news consumption and drawing on Hannah Arendt's concept of the banality of evil, I argue that doomscrolling constitutes a form of passive complicity. This complicity is rooted not in malice but in routinised disengagement, repetitive consumption, and overexposure that ultimately forecloses the capacity for thought, producing a subjecthood habituated to thoughtlessness. As capitalist technologies, social media platforms accelerate this, not necessarily by promoting authoritarian ideologies, but by structuring attention, flattening temporality, and incentivising endless reaction over reflection. By situating doomscrolling as both a symptom and mechanism of authoritarianism, this article contributes to understandings of the relationship between the techno-cultural infrastructure of digital information and democratic collapse.

The aim of this study is to assess the most common impacts of construction projects on the environment in the Gaza Strip and propose the best solutions in curbing down the adverse impacts. To achieve this aim, a structured survey, in the form of a questionnaire was conducted to identify the most critical and important impacts of construction projects on the environment. Environmental impacts were categorized into three safeguard subjects: ecosystems, natural resources, and public impacts. The results showed that dust generation, noise pollution, operations with vegetation removal, and air pollution are the most significant environmental impacts of construction sites in the Gaza Strip. In addition, the public impacts are the most important category that affects the environment in the Gaza Strip. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the necessity of taking measures to protect labors and residents who are living near to construction sites. It is recommended to enhance the knowledge and awareness of construction participants to the environmental impacts of construction projects and enact strict laws to curb down the adverse impacts of construction projects. In addition, the researchers should look for alternative methods for construction to mitigate the adverse impacts of construction projects on the environment. The results of this study can help decision makers to identify major construction impacts on the environment and make environmentally friendly construction plans in the early stages of construction.

Cuando callar es matar El genocidio que el Gobierno de Israel está perpetrando contra el pueblo palestino en Gaza, con la complicidad abierta de Estados Unidos y el silencio clamoroso de la Unión Europea, ha roto todas las barreras de la neutralidad. Ni las palabras bienintencionadas ni las llamadas abstractas a la paz bastan ya para detener una maquinaria de muerte que, día tras día, causa ríos de sangre humana, arrasa hospitales, hogares y esperanzas. Como señaló una madre gazatí a un periodista extranjero: "Nos quieren borrar hasta del recuerdo, pero resistimos porque nuestra existencia misma es memoria viva." Ante esta barbarie, el mundo no puede continuar observando desde el sofá.

This call against the catastrophic war in Gaza was published in the Hebrew edition of 'Haaretz' on Friday, August 8, 2025. It was signed by 270 faculty members of the University of Haifa - including Rector Prof. Mouna Maroun and several other senior officials representing a substantial portion of the faculty. A considerable number of administrative staff and students also added their names. The call is published in Hebrew, English and Arabic.

While every possible form of pressure should be brought to bear on the Biden administration to cut off the flow of arms to Israel, the prevailing law and policy debate tends to obscure some key aspects of how U.S. imperialism actually works. For the United States does not simply ship arms abroad, it is also the world’s leading arms trafficker, wielding enormous power over how weapons made by other countries circulate throughout the world as an immense collection of commodities. The web of legal forms that makes U.S. imperialism possible goes far beyond federal legislation and much of it is not public: it includes memoranda of understanding and executive agreements between states, technical instruments, and contracts between governments and private entities.

This is where a law and political economy approach usefully shows why imperialism should be understood not just as a pejorative for countries projecting power in unsavory ways, but as a tool for understanding the system of relations in which the subjugation of some nations by others is maintained by and for the accumulation of capital across borders. We can illustrate this idea and explore some of its many consequences by following the example of a specific commodity that is in very high demand at the moment: the 155mm artillery shell.

The United Nations (UN) is under attack as more states are recognising the State of Palestine and its right to exist, the United States (US) and Israel have been very vocal on slandering member states, delegates and ambassadors that demand a permanent ceasefire in Gaza. From shredding the UN Charter and UN Human Rights Charter (UNHRC) in front of members at the general assembly, to calling any and all nations that show sympathy for the Palestine plight Hamas or supporters of terrorists. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has also made statements warning other nations that support a Palestinian state will lead to those nations possibly being targes of terrorism. Will Israel ever be held accountable for its crimes including plausible genocide or will the US continue to be their saviour and blanket? Will this impunity lead to new global false flag operations, assassinations, sabotage, and espionage perpetrated by Israel against those member states who have recently recognised the State of Palestine?

Sumud (Arabic: Perserverance)

"May the wind carry your boats with the force of history, may the sea open its arms and may the world hear your message:
Gaza is not alone.
Palestine is not alone.
Humanity can no longer remain silent.

And when you reach the waters near Gaza, you will feel that travelling beside you is the voice of millions who believe that peace is not a utopia, but an obligation."

- Gustavo Petro Urrego
President of the Republic of Colombia


The coverpage calligramme is followed by an insufficient compilation merely to catalyze future research following up on  Daniel F. Wajner's  "Learning for Legitimacy" paper (Foreign Policy Analysis, Vol. 15, No. 4 , October 2019, pp. 548-569) that examined " the gap between theory and practice by building on David Ausubel’s theory of meaningful learning to address the Gaza Flotilla crisis as a paradigmatic case of legitimacy learning. This tragic incident, which occurred in May 2010, deepened the diplomatic crisis between Israel and Turkey, until their official reconciliation in June 2016. Likewise, it led to growing delegitimization of Israel among several global audiences...These findings can serve scholars in outlining a broader research agenda for analyzing how different actors adapt to the battles for legitimacy that characterize contemporary global politics."