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Foundations of Computation

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lightbulbAbout this topic
Foundations of Computation is a branch of computer science that studies the theoretical underpinnings of computation, including models of computation, algorithms, complexity theory, and formal languages. It explores the limits of what can be computed and the efficiency of computational processes, providing a framework for understanding the capabilities and limitations of computational systems.
lightbulbAbout this topic
Foundations of Computation is a branch of computer science that studies the theoretical underpinnings of computation, including models of computation, algorithms, complexity theory, and formal languages. It explores the limits of what can be computed and the efficiency of computational processes, providing a framework for understanding the capabilities and limitations of computational systems.

Key research themes

1. What are the formal models and axiomatic foundations that characterize computability and effective calculability?

This theme investigates the rigorous formalizations and axiomatic characterizations of computability, focusing on the foundational concepts of effective calculability, the Church-Turing thesis, and the equivalence of various computational models. It explores the precise conditions and axioms under which informal computational intuitions can be captured mathematically, as well as the philosophical and historical contexts that shape these formalizations. Understanding these foundations is crucial for clarifying what it means for a function or problem to be computable and for assessing the limits and applicability of computation in mathematics, logic, and beyond.

Key finding: This work formulates explicit axioms—boundedness and locality conditions—for two types of calculators (human and mechanical, specifically Turing computors and Gandy machines), embedding computability in a rigorous framework... Read more
Key finding: This paper critically analyzes Alan Turing's account of computability, revealing that its intuitive appeal depends on tacit assumptions inherited from Hilbert's formalist program. By disentangling central concepts such as... Read more
Key finding: This comprehensive textbook rigorously develops computability theory through the establishment of fundamental results such as the equivalence of Turing computability with λ-recursive functions and the undecidability of the... Read more
Key finding: This collection of peer-reviewed works from the Symposium on Fundamentals of Computation Theory advances formal and logical methods in theoretical computer science, including computability and nonstandard computing models. It... Read more

2. How does computational complexity theory intersect with logical expressiveness and cognitive modeling?

This research area focuses on the relationship between computational complexity classes, especially P and NP, and the expressiveness of logical systems (descriptive complexity). It examines the limits of algorithmic tractability and the implications for modeling human cognition, especially considering the feasibility of functions realizable by humans. The theme addresses the adequacy of complexity-based constraints in cognitive science and philosophy, challenging simplistic identifications of cognitive feasibilities with polynomial-time computation and arguing for a nuanced application of complexity-theoretic insights to understanding minds and cognition.

Key finding: This paper analyzes the link between descriptive complexity theory (which connects logical expressiveness to complexity classes) and cognitive modeling, highlighting that first-order logic corresponds to polynomial-time (P)... Read more
Key finding: The paper introduces the Conscious Turing Machine (CTM), a computational model inspired by Turing machines and global workspace theories, offering a simple substrate-independent framework to study consciousness. It integrates... Read more
Key finding: This work identifies key foundational questions including the nature of computational complexity classes (P vs NP), computability across diverse computing substrates, and the nature of intelligence and information. It... Read more

3. What is the nature of computation in physical systems and its implications for cognitive science?

This theme studies the conceptual and empirical nature of computation as performed by physical systems, particularly focusing on distinguishing different notions of digital computation, including the role of representation and information processing in physical implementations. It addresses debates on whether computation is intrinsic or imposed, the adequacy of semantic vs mechanistic accounts, and their consequences for explanatory frameworks in cognitive science. The theme advocates for clear criteria for what constitutes computation in physical devices and explores how this clarity impacts theories of mind and cognition.

Key finding: This work analyses competing accounts of concrete digital computation, arguing that existing semantic accounts relying on extrinsic representation are inadequate to fully explain physical computation. Instead, it proposes the... Read more
Key finding: This paper articulates three criteria for a comprehensive theory of computation: empirical adequacy with computing practice, conceptual clarity including semantic foundations, and cognitive relevance supporting computational... Read more
Key finding: This viewpoint paper argues for a reconception of computer science as a natural science, emphasizing the physical instantiation of computation and the representation link between abstract computation and physical processes.... Read more

All papers in Foundations of Computation

Recently, terms like material computation or natural computing in foundations of computer science and engineering, and new materiality in cultural studies signal a broader turn to conceptions of the world that are not based on solely... more
Ansten Klev's dialogue rules for Constructive Type Theory have as main purpose to serve as formalized meaning explanations for the forms of assertoric content employed in type theory. The present paper, is an exploration into what we call... more
Recently, terms like material computation or natural computing in foundations of computer science and engineering, and new materiality in cultural studies signal a broader turn to conceptions of the world that are not based on solely... more
Highly recurrent networks that exhibit feedback and delay mechanisms offer promising applications for music composition, performance, and sound installation design. This paper provides an overview and a comparison of several pieces that... more
Recently, terms like "material computation" or "natural computing" in foundations of computer science and engineering, and "new materiality" in cultural studies signal a broader turn to conceptions of the world that are not based on... more
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