Food Politics

Pyarichand Mitra, a prominent figure in 19thcentury Bengal, played a significant role in influencing educational reform during this period. As a writer and social reformer, Pyarichand Mitra's novels often depicted the contrasts between traditional and modern education, emphasizing the need for educational advancement. His works highlighted the shortcomings of rote learning and the rigid traditional educational system while advocating for a more liberal and practical approach to education. Pyarichand Mitra's novel Alaler Gharer Dulal is notable for its critique of the orthodox methods of education prevalent at the time and for promoting the ideals of modern education, which included rational thinking and individual development. Through his writings and reformist ideals, Pyarichand Mitra contributed to the intellectual discourse that eventually led to educational reforms in Bengal, aligning with the broader Bengal Renaissance movement that sought to modernize society through education and social change.

Developments such as the food crisis, COVID-19, increasing drought due to global warming and earthquakes are prompting widespread discussions on how to strengthen and make cities, in which the majority of the world's population now resides, more resilient to sudden shocks, both globally and in Türkiye. As questioning of the industrial food system becomes more prevalent, crises and shocks are compelling many actors to construct new food systems centered around fresh food policies and strategies. Within this broader context, this study examines local food systems established through cooperation between international organizations, ministries, and local initiatives within the framework of local/rural development policies in cities in Türkiye such as Hatay, Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş, Adana, and Mardin. These local food systems, in which newly established cooperatives play key roles, have evolved into models that bring together actors of various scales-such as women producers, small family producers, and refugees-with global organizations, ministries, and NGOs. The study focuses on these local food systems in terms of their governance mechanisms, supply chains, localization, and resilience potential. The research draws on data collected during fieldwork conducted in 2021 and 2022, as well as observations made during subsequent field visits in 2023 and 2024. Urban food systems evolving through the support and collaboration of multiple actors play a critical role in integrating small farmers, women, and refugees into the system. However, the strong influence of higher-level institutional structures also poses new challenges in building resilient systems.

Recent years have seen a rapid expansion of interest in studies of the relationships between food and society, covering a highly diverse range of thematic and empirical perspectives and engaging with many of the key issues of our time, including the climate emergency, global inequalities and the persistence of poverty alongside wealth, and imbalances of power at global and local scales. The preparation of this Elgar Encyclopedia of Food and Society has provided an opportunity to take stock of what can be a bewildering array of ideas, materials, topics and examples, to highlight key connections between different themes and approaches, and to provide some signposting towards future directions for research into food and society. In this brief introduction, we contextualise the volume’s entries by commenting on how food-society relationships have been studied, the approach and underlying principles that informed our own thinking, our aims and intentions for the encyclopedia and the process of putting the volume together, and, finally, how the encyclopedia can be used.

Recent years have seen a rapid expansion of interest in studies of the relationships between food and society, covering a highly diverse range of thematic and empirical perspectives and engaging with many of the key issues of our time, including the climate emergency, global inequalities and the persistence of poverty alongside wealth, and imbalances of power at global and local scales. The preparation of this Elgar Encyclopedia of Food and Society has provided an opportunity to take stock of what can be a bewildering array of ideas, materials, topics and examples, to highlight key connections between different themes and approaches, and to provide some signposting towards future directions for research into food and society. In this brief introduction, we contextualise the volume’s entries by commenting on how food-society relationships have been studied, the approach and underlying principles that informed our own thinking, our aims and intentions for the encyclopedia and the process of putting the volume together, and, finally, how the encyclopedia can be used.

This paper probes how early Portuguese traders in Bengal introduced new ingredients and food techniques that transitioned the Bengali confectionery. The Portuguese arrived in Bengal in the16th-17th centuries and carried on the subsequent exchange of foods and techniques. In particular, the Portuguese introduction of 'acid-curd cheese-making' led to the creation of chhana, which became the basis for iconic Bengali sweets like roshogolla and sandesh. The transformation of sweets had broad socioeconomic effects: it engendered a large sweetmeat industry, created new artisan castes (moiras), and influenced dietary customs. The paper compares Bengal's experience with other Portuguese-influenced regions (such as Goa and Macau), where fusion took different forms (e.g., meat curries, breads, egg tarts) and finally discusses the cultural implications: how Bengali sweets became markers of identity and social change.

The marginalization of various underprivileged groups has long been a central focus of inquiry across
numerous disciplines, a concern that has gained considerable momentum in recent decades. Scholars
from diverse fields have extensively examined—and continue to do so—the lived experiences of
marginalized communities in India, with the Bengali book Samaj, Rastra O Prantikata (translated as
Society, State and Marginality), authored by Debi Chatterjee, a leading expert in Dalit studies, serving as
another significant contribution in this regard. The book comprises a collection of 25 essays by Chatterjee,
previously published in various small magazines in West Bengal, which eloquently address a wide array
of topics, ranging from Dalits and their emancipators to Dalit women, women in general and issues
concerning secularism, child labour and corruption, among others. The content of these essays can be
discussed by categorizing them into five clusters, as each cluster addresses a central theme, except for the last one, the essays in which are somewhat diverse in nature but still related to each other.

FOR a magazine issue dedicated to discussing the idea of the people, it may come across as a bit self-defeating to engage with a book that questions the very validity of there being such a thing as ‘the people’, but Prathama Banerjee’s seminal work parsing the elementary aspects of what makes an idea/concept qualify as ‘political’ is worth the deviation. Because it is by asking how the concept of ‘the people’ is made valid in a given situation that it becomes possible for us to understand what sustains and propagates the concept as an integral part of any political imaginary.

Islamophobia in India manifests as a product of Brahminism and its caste structure, the oppressive order which colonizes the Indian society. Positioned as the other to the hegemonical power, representation of the Muslim in Indian cinema has mostly been stereotyped, demonized, and misinterpreted. This study aims at probing into the sociological and political manifestations of how aspects of animal ethical philosophy have been manipulated to suit the dominant Brahminical interests in Indian context, especially that of Kerala, with reference to internationally acclaimed Malayalam movie, Biriyaani. Vegetarianism in India carries the brahminical supremacist notions of purity and superiority than the ethical notions of reducing animal abuse. The dominant brahminical hegemony has posited the Muslim as its other and has tried to create distaste towards almost everything related to the culture of this community. The paper tries to analyse how the Malayalam movie, Biriyaani, which tells the story of a Muslim woman, seeks to use the animal as a prop and projects its Islamophobic elements.

For almost two decades, a considerable scholarship has interrogated the rapid expansion and the "alternativeness" of alternative agri-food networks (AAFNs) and movements using multiple disciplinary perspectives. 1 The recently published Alternative Agrifood Movements: Patterns of Convergence and Divergence, edited by Douglas Constance, Marie-Christine Renard, and Marta Rivera-Ferre, offers a strong overview of this scholarship and draws into conversation case studies and examples from countries in the global North and South. The book is the outcome of a mini-conference sponsored by Research Committee 40: Sociology of Agriculture and Food of the International Sociological Association, held in Lisbon, Portugal in 2012, coupled with a series of invited papers. In thirteen chapters, the book examines the ways in which patterns of convergence and divergence are evidenced in AAFNs. The book's strength is that it draws into conversation examples and case studies from both the global North and South, and thus offers a collection of diverse perspectives and examples. However, knitting this diversity together in a cohesive package poses a challenge. The conceptual and theoretical 1

That food is a (or even the) central theme for any ethico-political
project aiming to overcome animal exploitation does not
need much explanation: from Pythagoras to Peter Singer,
from the ancient Greeks to contemporary moral philosophy,
it is first and foremost the fact that humans eat nonhuman animals
that constitutes the core of critical inquiry. Indeed, it is food
animals who are killed in the greatest (in fact, more and more appalling)
numbers and, in terms of injustice, it is they who face the most
systematized harms at human hands. In a word, creating a more respectful world for animals requires changing our food practices. Yet
if this is the baseline for most traditional and contemporary animal
ethics, there exist blind spots and a certain fuzziness in outlining the
details of “just” relationships with nonhuman animals and with food.
That is why political philosopher Josh Milburn has devoted no fewer
than two books to the nexus of food and animals. Bringing together
animals ethics and food ethics, Milburn proposes a novel look at old
relationships and overlooked questions.

Bu çalışmanın temeli, Yurttaşlık Derneği tarafından yürütülen "Yerel/Bölgesel Kamu Politikalarında Yurttaşın Sözü Projesi"nin Marmara Bölgesi için öngörülen ve projenin 4 bölgesinden biri olan İstanbul’da yapılan saha çalışmasına dayanmakta. Projenin odak noktası “sağlıklı, güvenilir ve adil fiyatlandırılmış gıdaya erişimde yurttaşın sözü” olarak belirlendiği için Marmara Bölgesi 4 alt bölge/havza bazında ele alındı.
Projede aynı zamanda her alt bölge için gıda ile ilişkili çeşitli sorunları merkeze alan başlıklar belirlendi. Türkiye’nin istatistiki bölge  sınıflandırmasında TR10 olarak geçen İstanbul bölgesi için gıda merkezinde çalışma konusu “tarım, gıda ve tüketim ilişkisi” olarak seçildi.
Projenin İstanbul alt bölgesi için seçilen tarım, gıda ve tüketim ilişkisi, yurttaşın sağlıklı ve güvenilir gıdaya erişimi” meselesini de kesen, geniş kapsamda incelenmesi gereken konudur. Tarım, gıda ve tüketim ilişkisinin çok boyutlu yapısından dolayı raporda anlam kolaylığı sağlamak ve tartışma konularını derinleştirmek için üç temel alandan hareket edildi: İstanbul’daki tarımsal üretim, gıda dağıtım/satış kanalları ve gıda inisiyatifleri.

Institut du développement durable et des relations internationales 27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75337 Paris cedex 07 France Addressing the fragmentation of discourses and governance for food and nutrition security Working pAper N°10/14 juNe 2014 | agriculture www.iddri.org What is today termed as global food security pertains to a set of different issues that have progressively emerged from crises and which have given rise to the creation of governance institutions, which are organised according to distinct mandates and discursive foundations (agricultural production, right to food and nutrition issues, humanitarian crises, trade and development). In addition, food security being a matter of sovereignty often claimed in international relations, its governance on a global level requires and relies upon voluntary efforts and initiatives.

O texto, construído por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental de temas selecionados e da sistematização de vários dados estatísticos secundários, em particular aqueles relacionados à produção (volume e área ocupada) de bens agrícolas, ao comércio exterior (balança agrícola), ao comportamento dos preços das commodities e dos bens alimentares, está dividido em três partes. A primeira delas recupera questões associadas à geopolítica global: a interconexão dos mercados agropecuários e os efeitos do boom de commodities recente sobre a produção agroalimentar brasileira e, consequentemente, seus impactos no âmbito da segurança alimentar. O segundo tópico do estudo se volta à análise de algumas dimensões cruciais ao problema da oferta e do consumo alimentar, examinando a variação dos preços de culturas estratégicas (tanto para a exportação como para o consumo doméstico), bem como seu impacto no uso das terras e na preservação ambiental. Finalmente, a terceira e última parte, avança sobre a relação entre o sistema agroalimentar, as estratégias de desenvolvimento e suas conexões sobre a segurança e a soberania alimentar, problematizando questões caras ao caso brasileiro, como aquelas informadas pela adoção de um “modelo” produtivista subordinado às oscilações internacionais, aos seus efeitos sobre o emprego, o acesso aos alimentos e as condições de (in)segurança alimentar e os desafios colocados quando se leva em consideração a dimensão sustentável, questões essas que foram obviamente agravadas pela pandemia, também discutida brevemente nesse tópico. O trabalho termina com algumas considerações finais que evocam a necessidade de repensar as escolhas vigentes, para além de uma melhor compreensão das dinâmicas (nacionais e internacionais) em curso e seus efeitos locais.

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Proyeksi penduduk merupakan alat penting dalam merancang kebijakan pembangunan yang berbasis data. Dua pendekatan yang banyak digunakan dalam proyeksi ini adalah model kohort dan model multi region. Model kohort menekankan pada perubahan struktur penduduk berdasarkan kelompok umur dan jenis kelamin, sedangkan model multi region mempertimbangkan pergerakan penduduk antarwilayah. Kombinasi keduanya mampu memberikan gambaran yang lebih komprehensif mengenai dinamika demografi, baik secara vertikal (struktur umur) maupun horizontal (sebaran geografis). Pendekatan ini sangat relevan untuk merespons tantangan pembangunan seperti urbanisasi, pertumbuhan penduduk yang tidak merata, serta kebutuhan layanan sosial yang terus berkembang. Dengan pemanfaatan model yang tepat, perencanaan dapat diarahkan secara lebih presisi dan adaptif terhadap perubahan demografi jangka panjang.

La sovranità alimentare e la difesa del comparto agricolo sono emersi come temi centrali nelle politiche dell’attuale Governo Meloni, articolandosi in una serie di misure e campagne – come il cambiamento del nomenclatore per il Ministero da ‘Politiche agricole alimentari e forestali’ a ‘Agricoltura, Sovranità alimentare e Foreste’ – che ne rivelano un’interpretazione fortemente simbolica e ideologica. L’agricoltura diventa, così, il terreno simbolico su cui si proietta un immaginario politico che rievoca una gerarchia sociale fondata sulla terra, sulla produttività e sulla comunità rurale come nucleo identitario della nazione. Un immaginario che si inserisce nel solco delle politiche agroalimentari fasciste, con operazioni quali la ‘battaglia del grano’ del 1925 o il progetto di colonizzazione rurale dell'Etiopia attraverso l’Istituto Agronomico per l'Africa Italiana durante l’occupazione coloniale del Paese. Parallelamente, il discorso sulla sovranità agricola e alimentare si intreccia con la radicalizzazione di istanze originariamente emancipatorie, come la lotta ambientalista, il movimento della decrescita e la cultura del benessere. L’esaltazione del cibo sano si fonde con una retorica della forza fisica e della disciplina, rievocando estetiche e modelli morali fascisti, dove la protezione della ‘terra’ si traduce nella difesa di un’autenticità originaria. Il concetto di purezza diviene un valore assoluto, applicato tanto ai prodotti alimentari quanto ai corpi che li consumano. Queste dinamiche si riflettono nelle politiche agricole attuali, dove la celebrazione della tradizione nasconde l’invisibilizzazione e lo sfruttamento della manodopera migrante e razzializzata.
Attraverso l’analisi del lavoro di Nico Angiuli, Cristina Lavosi e il collettivo FormaFantasma, questo articolo indaga le intersezioni tra politiche del cibo, del lavoro e dell’identità. Mediante l’uso del corpo, della performance, dell’archivio e del video, questɜ artistɜ sovvertono le narrazioni dominanti, rivelando come la terra non sia un simbolo statico da proteggere, ma un campo di tensioni e possibilità. Il loro lavoro mette in crisi l’idea della tradizione come spazio di autenticità, svelandone le implicazioni politiche e le logiche di esclusione. L’obiettivo è far emergere le connessioni tra politiche agricole, migrazione e costruzione dell’identità nazionale, contribuendo a decostruire le forme contemporanee di neofascismo economico e sociale.

Un agriculteur sur quatre dans le monde travaille en Inde où vit et mange plus d'un milliard d'habitants. De l'Indépendance du pays en 1947 à la levée contrainte, en 2001, de barrières au commerce condamnées par l'O.M.C., ce livre explique comment la fédération indienne s'est hissée parmi les premiers producteurs mondiaux d'aliments, mais aussi pourquoi elle demeure un espace de grande pauvreté. La question est traitée dans ses diverses dimensions : environnement (culturel et naturel, local et international), structures (publiques et privées), produits (végétaux et animaux, bruts et transformés)… Les tenants et aboutissants de la Révolution verte du blé et du riz sont bien sûr exposés, mais aussi ceux d'autres révolutions moins connues (Révolution blanche du lait, Révolution jaune des oléagineux, Révolution bleue de l'aquaculture…), sans oublier les filières émergentes de l'horticulture ou de la viande blanche, et les produits qui font toute la saveur des Indes (épices et condiments, plantations tropicales…). Après ces grandes filières agro-alimentaires, l'ouvrage investit trois thèmes aussi transversaux que fondamentaux : la pauvreté et la sous-nutrition, la dégradation de l'environnement naturel et la récente libéralisation de l'économie. Ecrit pour un large public (étudiant, chef d'entreprise, enseignant-chercheur…) et structuré comme un manuel, cet ouvrage présente une masse imposante de statistiques sous forme de graphiques ou de cartes. Sans précédent par le bilan historique qu'il dresse et l'avenir qu'il dessine, il fournit dans ses annexes deux monographies de villages, un lexique botanique de 140 plantes et une cartographie des 40 principales cultures. Bruno DORIN, docteur en sciences économiques et ingénieur en agriculture, est économiste au CIRAD. Il a vécu huit années en Inde, d'abord en Andhra Pradesh pour ses travaux doctoraux (1990)(1991), puis à New Delhi comme directeur et chercheur du Centre de Sciences Humaines (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000).

Reducing enteric methane production from ruminant livestock has been positioned as a key intervention to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. Bovaer©, a feed additive purported to reduce enteric methane emissions in dairy cows by nearly a third, has received regulatory authorization in many countries. However, there is a dearth of evidence on the consumer's response to the use of such products. In the three weeks after 27 November 2024, there was a significant increase in media communications associated with the use of Bovaer© in Europe, and especially the United Kingdom (UK). This structured review of academic and gray literature and an iterative non-systematic survey of media discourse online explored and characterized the narratives that emerged in this three-week period of intense activity in both social media and mainstream media communications in order to critique the narratives and grammars within the public response and the implications for policymakers, industry and academia. The main narrative that emerged reflected the science-consumer tensions associated with the use of Bovaer© and the four sub-narratives shaping it (mainstream media influence and narrative framing, distrust in science and lack of relatability, conspiracy theories and fear-based narratives, consumer buycotts and market responses). Organizations adopting technological solutions to address 'wicked' societal problems need to understand the factors that trigger, amplify and attenuate social concern as expressed in mainstream and social media and need to adopt appropriate communication and dissemination activities to reduce the circulation of misdis-mal-information and promote information that is appropriate for multiple audiences and levels of understanding.

In this chapter, I examine the challenges and opportunities confronting contemporary governance of hybridity through the case study of on-demand food delivery. As a service built on algorithm-based technology, on-demand food delivery is also known for its prominent precarity and physical risks for couriers. To delineate the challenges and opportunities, I compare how the on-demand food delivery sector is regulated in Melbourne (Australia), and Singapore, two Asia-Pacific cities less examined in the literature. Through a policy design lens, I demonstrate how the social construction of food couriers in other policy subsystems has affected the ongoing debates about courier treatment.

Barnhill and Bonotti ask how liberals might justify public policies to promote healthier diets. Milburn asks how a decent food system would involve other animals, and considers why liberal states should foster such a system. I welcome these attempts to imagine ways to feed people better and treat other animals with humanity, and to relate these to liberal ideals. My comments offer some reservations, however. Barnhill, Bonotti and Milburn suggest compelling grounds for states to intervene. I would prefer to say: there are compelling grounds for states to intervene differently. These books set aside the structure of existing food systems. But to explain why the world’s more liberal states have ignored similar arguments over many decades, we need to take some view of these systems. In fact, these systems rest on interventions by liberal-democratic states. These interventions show little regard for liberal reasoning. Their results are bad for human health, and disastrous for animal and planetary well-being. These points support the authors’ calls for more rational, liberal and humane food policies, with one caveat. Democratic debate can only make headway if we appreciate how many policies carry us in the wrong directions. When we consider how ideals support state intervention, we should be realistic about how states currently intervene.

In Food, Justice, and Animals: Feeding the World Respectfully, I sketch a food system in which people have access to animal-based foods and animals' rights are respected. I present this as an ideal theoretic vision in the liberal tradition of political philosophy. In this article, I respond to the commentaries provided in this symposium by Bardon, Bernardi, and Gentile; Pellegrino; Bailey; Fischer; Chiang and Sebo; and Williams. I group my responses around the three themes identified by Bailey in his introduction: public reason, political constituencies, and markets.

Globalisasi telah memberikan pengaruh yang besar terhadap perekonomian nasional, termasuk Indonesia. Berbagai dinamika global seperti konflik dagang, perubahan iklim, kemajuan teknologi yang disruptif, hingga pandemi internasional menunjukkan perlunya sistem ekonomi yang mampu beradaptasi dan tangguh menghadapi perubahan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi respons sistem ekonomi Indonesia terhadap dinamika global, sekaligus mengidentifikasi peluang yang dapat dimaksimalkan serta tantangan yang harus diatasi. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan studi pustaka, artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa Indonesia memiliki potensi ekonomi yang kuat melalui keunggulan demografi, kekayaan sumber daya alam, dan perkembangan digital. Namun, tantangan seperti ketimpangan struktural, ketergantungan pada ekspor bahan mentah, serta rendahnya kapasitas inovasi industri masih menjadi hambatan. Oleh karena itu, reformasi mendasar dan kebijakan yang adaptif diperlukan guna mewujudkan sistem ekonomi nasional yang inklusif dan mampu bersaing secara global.

Globalisasi telah memberikan pengaruh yang besar terhadap perekonomian nasional, termasuk Indonesia. Berbagai dinamika global seperti konflik dagang, perubahan iklim, kemajuan teknologi yang disruptif, hingga pandemi internasional menunjukkan perlunya sistem ekonomi yang mampu beradaptasi dan tangguh menghadapi perubahan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi respons sistem ekonomi Indonesia terhadap dinamika global, sekaligus mengidentifikasi peluang yang dapat dimaksimalkan serta tantangan yang harus diatasi. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan studi pustaka, artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa Indonesia memiliki potensi ekonomi yang kuat melalui keunggulan demografi, kekayaan sumber daya alam, dan perkembangan digital. Namun, tantangan seperti ketimpangan struktural, ketergantungan pada ekspor bahan mentah, serta rendahnya kapasitas inovasi industri masih menjadi hambatan. Oleh karena itu, reformasi mendasar dan kebijakan yang adaptif diperlukan guna mewujudkan sistem ekonomi nasional yang inklusif dan mampu bersaing secara global.

Rising out of the devolution of public services to private actors during the Reagan administration, the food banking economy in the United States is now a multi-billion-dollar industry. The social and political movements that institutionalized charitable food networks are diverse and often contradictory, offering a window into the politics and competing interests of a U.S. food system that has long grappled with glaring contradictions between food waste and hunger. In this paper, I analyze shifting moral economies of hunger relief within a diverse social movement (re)negotiating a set of legal codes and social norms established over the past forty years of hunger relief through charity. I argue that charitable food networks offer a window into the political contest currently unfolding over the future of the U.S. food system. As such, the debates within these spaces are critical to understand the broader politics of food provisioning in the United States.

The supposedly shared understanding of what meat is has been undermined by the appearance of foodstuffs that claim to be meat even though they are derived from vegetable sources (plant-based meats) or are produced by cultivating animal cells in vitro (cultivated meat). After introducing the actors partaking in the negotiation over which foods can legitimately be called 'meat'-and demonstrating that the crux of this dispute is ontological rather than merely linguistic-the divergent concepts of "meat" that arise in this debate are analysed to elucidate their respective strengths and weaknesses. Subsequently, it is proposed that meat could be interpreted as an artefact represented by a functional concept apt at incorporating plant-based and cultivated meat into its content. Lastly, by examining this operation through the lens of conceptual engineering, the functional understanding of meat is presented as an epistemic, or even potentially semantic, amelioration of the concept of "meat".

Les réflexions autour du thème de « la démocratie délibérative » constituent aujourd'hui un champ de recherche presque autonome de la philosophie politique contemporaine, principalement anglosaxonne 1 . L'idée de « démocratie délibérative » renvoie à un ensemble de propositions théoriques qui se sont multipliées à partir de la fin des années quatre-vingt 2 et qui prennent t leurs ses sources à la fois en Europe -à travers l'influence d'un penseur comme J. Habermas (Habermas 1992) -, et aux Etats-Unis, via notamment certains écrits de J. Rawls postérieurs à la Théorie de la justice (Rawls, 1993. La plupart des chercheurs les plus influents de ce courant se situent à l'intersection de ces deux influences, à l'instar de J. Cohen, S. Benhabib, J. Bohman et A. Guttmann et D. Thompson. Derrière ces deux figures tutélaires, d'autres influences majeures se signalent, à des degrés différents selon les auteurs, comme celle de H. Arendt ou de J. Dewey, dont les approches de la publicité sont régulièrement reprises et discutées dans cette littérature. Dans une perspective d'histoire sociale des idées, il pourrait être intéressant d'analyser les conditions d'émergence et de diffusion de ces concepts dans la pensée p olitique contemporaine depuis une quinzaine d'années, de s'interroger également sur le retard pris par l'Europe continentale et la France en particulier dans ce mouvement. D'où viennent les chercheurs qui se sont orientées dans cette voie ? Quels sont les liens de ce courant avec celui qui s'est mis en place autour de l'idée de « démocratie participative » dans les années soixante-dix et quatre-vingt , Mc Pherson 1971 ? Quelle est l'influence spécifique de J. Dewey et du pragmatisme sur les auteurs anglo-saxons ?

Les réflexions autour du thème de « la démocratie délibérative » constituent aujourd'hui un champ de recherche presque autonome de la philosophie politique contemporaine, principalement anglosaxonne 1 . L'idée de « démocratie délibérative » renvoie à un ensemble de propositions théoriques qui se sont multipliées à partir de la fin des années quatre-vingt 2 et qui prennent t leurs ses sources à la fois en Europe -à travers l'influence d'un penseur comme J. Habermas (Habermas 1992) -, et aux Etats-Unis, via notamment certains écrits de J. Rawls postérieurs à la Théorie de la justice (Rawls, 1993. La plupart des chercheurs les plus influents de ce courant se situent à l'intersection de ces deux influences, à l'instar de J. Cohen, S. Benhabib, J. Bohman et A. Guttmann et D. Thompson. Derrière ces deux figures tutélaires, d'autres influences majeures se signalent, à des degrés différents selon les auteurs, comme celle de H. Arendt ou de J. Dewey, dont les approches de la publicité sont régulièrement reprises et discutées dans cette littérature. Dans une perspective d'histoire sociale des idées, il pourrait être intéressant d'analyser les conditions d'émergence et de diffusion de ces concepts dans la pensée p olitique contemporaine depuis une quinzaine d'années, de s'interroger également sur le retard pris par l'Europe continentale et la France en particulier dans ce mouvement. D'où viennent les chercheurs qui se sont orientées dans cette voie ? Quels sont les liens de ce courant avec celui qui s'est mis en place autour de l'idée de « démocratie participative » dans les années soixante-dix et quatre-vingt , Mc Pherson 1971 ? Quelle est l'influence spécifique de J. Dewey et du pragmatisme sur les auteurs anglo-saxons ?

This paper explores the moral economy of food in the United Kingdom via the discourse of food bank usage and obesity. It argues that both of these markers of malnutrition have been interpreted under the Conservative-led governments of David Cameron (2010-2016) as failings of personal responsibility and identified primarily with the working class, advancing the assumption that poor people make poor choices. Based on a critique of this account, our wider contribution is two-fold. First we identify the Hayekian lineage of the discourse of personal responsibility, highlighting its utility in facilitating a form of neoliberal market consent through its insistence on self-reliance. Second we stake out an alternative to this conceptualisation through a discussion of Adam Smith's notion of self-command, which we call interpersonal responsibility.

Reviewed by John Hadley, Western Sydney University This book is not your standard rollcall of the ethics of food production. Milburn's concern is neither to draw attention to the suffering of animals in factory farms nor the destruction of the environment in broad-scale plant agriculture; instead, he aims to show that respecting animal rights does not entail veganism. In Milburn's ideal animal rights-respecting liberal democratic state (he refers to it as the 'zoopolis'), "you can have your cow and eat her too" (Milburn 2023, 184).

Dalam dua dekade terakhir, praktik kolektif dalam penciptaan seni telah menjadi kecenderungan yang semakin berkembang, tidak hanya dalam produksi karya seni, tetapi juga dalam praktik kuratorial. Kolektif seniman menjadi aktor utama dalam menjalankan seni secara kolektif. ruangrupa (selalu ditulis dengan huruf kecil dan tanpa spasi) merupakan kolektif seniman yang didirikan pada tahun 2000 di Jakarta. ruangrupa ditunjuk sebagai kurator untuk edisi ke-15 Documenta (selanjutnya disebut documenta fifteen), sebuah pameran seni kontemporer internasional berformat biennale yang diselenggarakan setiap lima tahun sekali. Dalam documenta fifteen, ruangrupa memperkenalkan konsep “lumbung” sebagai mekanisme pengelolaan dan berbagi sumber daya bersama.

Penelitian ini berfokus pada praktik kuratorial kolektif yang dijalankan oleh ruangrupa dalam documenta fifteen, dengan dua aspek utama: pertama, bagaimana praktik kuratorial kolektif ruangrupa dikembangkan melalui mekanisme lumbung; kedua, bagaimana resepsi kritis terhadap praktik kuratorial kolektif ruangrupa dalam documenta fifteen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman baru dalam wacana studi kuratorial. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif-kualitatif, dengan teori utama Curatorial Studies dan Art Collective. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menyoroti aspek Critical Reception untuk memahami bagaimana publik merespons praktik kuratorial dalam documenta fifteen.

Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa praktik kuratorial yang diterapkan oleh ruangrupa telah mendesentralisasikan peran kurator. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap respon kritis, struktur kuratorial yang terdesentralisasi menghadapi sejumlah tantangan dan kendala dalam proses penerapannya. Desentralisasi agensi kurator bukanlah hal baru dalam sejarah Documenta, karena beberapa edisi sebelumnya telah menerapkan struktur Collective Curating, di mana sekelompok kurator bekerja sebagai tim. Namun, dalam documenta fifteen, ruangrupa beroperasi sebagai kolektif seniman dengan nilai-nilai kolektif yang telah mereka praktikkan sejak lama. Oleh karena itu, praktik kuratorial kolektif oleh kolektif seniman dapat dipandang sebagai fenomena baru dalam sistem operasional Documenta dan sebagai gejala baru dalam studi kuratorial.

Presentando le Memorie scaturite dalla Prima Giornata di studio in Geografia economico-politica "Oltre la globalizzazione" del 2011, formulavo l'auspicio di procedere su indagini di quel tipo mediante l'individuazione di singole tematiche, di interesse per i geografi. Ciò è stato reso possibile dall'entusiasmo e dall'opera di Cristina Capineri, Filippo Celata, Domenico de Vincenzo, Francesco Dini, Filippo Randelli, Patrizia Romei che hanno individuato nella "prossimità" la prima di quelle che spero una lunga serie di "parole" che guideranno le prossime Giornate di studio annuali promosse dalla Società di Studi Geografici e che costituiscono altrettante chiavi di lettura e di interpretazione dei fatti economici, di cui la geografia può contribuire nell'interpretazione territoriale. Nel promuovere la Seconda Giornata di studio in Geografia economico-politica "Oltre la globalizzazione" del 2012, nella locandina erano riportate sinteticamente alcune delle motivazioni che giustificavano la scelta e che mi sento di condividere. Si ricordava infatti che la prossimità, in quanto attributo della distanza, è una qualità antica della geografia economico-politica, poiché alla base delle geografie pre-moderne, della transizione tardo-ottocentesca della Geografia a scienza positiva e della successiva convergenza verso le scienze sociali, segnatamente l'economia politica, con la variabilità della distanza che introduceva correttivi alla logica inflessibilmente ageografica delle modellizzazioni del mercato. Quasi possedesse prerogative nascoste oltre alle palesi, è facile osservare che essa sta alla facilità del movimento in rapporto puramente coevolutivo: quando le economie di agglomerazione o le esternalità sono transitate in complessi produttivi de-territorializzati e in rete, ad esempio, vi si è semplicemente adeguata. Lo ha sempre fatto al variare dell'ampiezza delle aree di mercato, al modificarsi delle soglie dimensionali e delle relazioni geografiche dei fenomeni urbano-insediativi, al restringersi dei tempi di un intervento militare, e lo fa anche ora, quando le variabili di eco-sistema mostrano in modo sempre più chiaro la nostra appartenenza a una casa comune, che pure della prossimità intesa come breve distanza parrebbe essere il contrario.

A response to Ben Burgis 13mar24 Burgis writes in Jabobin that arguments 'over whether Israelis or Palestinians count as "really indigenous" are beside the point' (Ben Burgis, 'No One's Rights Should Depend on Where Their Ancestors Lived', Jacobin,

The 7 October 2023 Hamas-led uprising against Israeli occupation has put back into the world’s consciousness a Palestinian liberation struggle that had largely been suppressed over the past decade by Israel’s ever-tightening apparatuses of control. Hence, given Palestine’s displacement from global headlines, it came as something of a shock to many casual observers to learn that 39 of those killed during the Hamas attacks were agricultural workers from Thailand. In terms of narrative matter out of place, the deceased Thai troubled the conventional (if false) understanding of
Occupied Palestine as hosting a binary conflict playing out since time immemorial between the Jewish and Palestinian peoples. And yet, as Matan Kaminer demonstrates in his recent book Capitalist Colonial: Thai Migrant Workers in Israeli Agriculture (Stanford University Press, 2024), the Thais are not a mere awkward third party crashing the classic storyline. Rather, Thais — particularly in role as marginalized migrant laborers — are a constitutive exception, one that has enabled, both ideologically and materially, Israel’s project of settler colonialism.

Mesoamerica is widely regarded as the cultural birthplace of cacao. In Guatemala today, cacao remains integral to the livelihoods and ritual practices of indigenous Maya peoples. Guatemalan cacao producing collectives increasingly deploy the “ceremonial-grade” label to differentiate their ceremonial cacao products from common chocolate. Raw cacao paste hardened into solid bricks, free from milk solids and added sugars, is sold at a premium to new age consumers around the world. There is a general assumption among consumers that ceremonial-grade cacao is produced using “ceremonial” methods and an accepted expectation that it be consumed in a “ceremonial” context. But in the absence of a regulatory body or universal ceremonial-grade standards, the label is slippery and increasingly contested. Fuelled by a postmodern mythology, the ceremonial cacao movement deploys the language of “ceremony” to convey a nebulous set of social and environmental ideals which are projected onto the production and consumption of ceremonial-grade cacao. This paper begins to map the uncharted territory of the contemporary ceremonial cacao movement to determine how the ceremonial-grade label is materially and symbolically constructed. Ultimately, cacao is framed as the great equalizer—a savior and plant ally that will restore peace, harmony, and equality to a fractured world. This soteriological narrative gives rise to what I call a “salvation economy,” in which Western society is spiritually “sick” and cacao is the cure.

During the past two decades, interdisciplinary feminist food studies and feminist rhetorical food scholarship have become identifiable areas of inquiry and growing interest. This chapter proposes intersectional ecofeminist rhetorical food studies as a new and promising terrain for further cultivating feminist rhetorical food scholarship. Although intersectional ecofeminist approaches indebted to Black feminist and critical race theorizing have only recently emerged, early ecofeminist food studies appeared in the 1970s. Very few rhetorical studies have drawn upon these areas’ insights to study gendered rhetorics of food. Given gaps in the current feminist food rhetoric literature surveyed in this chapter, intersectional ecofeminist rhetorical food studies hold great promise. Despite rendering important lessons about women’s resistance through food, extant feminist rhetorical food scholarship covers a relatively small set of forms and contexts of power at the rhetorical nexus of gender and food. Intersectional ecofeminist approaches expand this subarea to the analysis of collective and interlocked systems-level rhetorics, including food movement and food-related organizational rhetorics. Moreover, these approaches attend to power as resistant, but also theorize sites of dominance in which systems unevenly distribute agency across different groups of women. Such approaches also reframe food and feminist rhetoric as ecocultural, or a hybrid production of the inseparable relation between culture and ecology. This chapter elaborates on this rationale, discusses guiding principles and ethical practices of intersectional ecofeminist rhetorical approaches, and maps some possible sites for future inquiry.

L'aumento del reddito procapite in sinergia con altri fattori (l'aumento del grado di istruzione, la domanda di sicurezza alimentare ecc.) può generare nuove opportunità per i produttori agroalimentari: parliamo ad es. di quei servizi "virtuosi" incorporati nel prodotto agroalimentare che se riconosciuti dal consumatore lo pongono ad un livello gerarchico superiore nella struttura della domanda. A nostro parere esistono 4 tipologie di servizi virtuosi che caratterizzano i prodotti di qualità: a) quelli storico-culturali (prodotti tradizionali) b) quelli territoriali che riflettono una connessione spaziale (prodotti tipici) c) quelli salutistici, rappresentazione della salubrità e protezione dell'ambiente (prodotti biologici) d) quelli etici (prodotti del commercio equosolidale). Ovviamente una singola tipologia di prodotto può includere più servizi virtuosi. La ricerca si articolerà in tre fasi. I) Scomposizione dei ricavi derivanti dal prodotto nei suoi servizi virtuosi: il prodotto alimentare è composto da una serie di servizi in esso incorporati (trasporto, conservazione, confezione, salubrità, tipicità ecc.). Verranno quindi definiti e censiti i servizi virtuosi e tutti quei servizi con un potenziale di sostenibilità. Per fare ciò sarà necessario quindi mettere a punto una metodologia capace di individuare nel prodotto di qualità i servizi virtuosi. Questi saranno valutati singolarmente in termini di importanza economica e di sostenibilità ambientale anche tramite la somministrazione di questionari a un campione di produttori e consumatori. La fase di sviluppo dei questionari si avvarrà di focus group. II) Determinazione dei costi legati alla formazione e valorizzazione della qualità: gli aspetti analizzati in questa fase riguarderanno: 1) i costi legati alla produzione dei servizi di qualità da monte a valle del processo produttivo (es. costi di ricerca, costi di monitoraggio, della filiera ecc.). Per questa fase saranno individuati dei "casi-studio" relativi a filiere di prodotti di qualità presenti nel mercato italiano. In tal modo sarà possibile mappare i processi produttivi virtuosi e identificare le eventuali criticità gestionali ed organizzative. 2) i costi connessi alla presenza di asimmetrie informative e al loro eventuale livellamento. Mentre il produttore conosce la qualità del suo prodotto il consumatore invece ne avrà prova solo dopo il consumo. La teoria economica dimostra che le asimmetrie informative incentivano le aziende a produrre a un livello qualitativo inferiore a quello pubblicizzato (Akelrof). Ciò comporta costi privati per i consumatori e costi sociali legati alla scomparsa del prodotto "onesto" dal mercato (Marescotti). L'analisi di tali problematiche potrà essere effettuata utilizzando gli strumenti teorici forniti dall'Economia delle convenzioni. Questo approccio consente di superare i limiti della teoria economica standard che include la misura della qualità di un prodotto già nel suo prezzo di equilibrio. III) Analisi dell'interesse del consumatore: l'importanza che i consumatori assegnano ai servizi virtuosi non

ABSTRACT
Food insecurity is a global issue impacting millions, with sub-Saharan Africa being particularly
affected. In Ethiopia, the rapid urbanization exacerbates food insecurity, especially Addis
Ababa. This study explores the implication of food politics and policies on household food
security in Addis Ababa, focusing on the alignment between these elements to develop effective
mechanisms against food insecurity and malnutrition. While general effects have been studied,
specific consequences of food policies, politics, and stakeholder dynamics on household food
security remain underexplored. This research addresses this gap by examining political
influences on policy formulation, assessing the roles of governmental organizations, evaluating
policy effectiveness, and identifying policy process gaps and opportunities for change. It
provides critical insights in Addis Ababa, promoting inclusive policy-making and addressing
food insecurity to enhance social equality and quality of life. The study employs a cross-sectional
design with qualitative and quantitative methods, including key informant interviews with
government officials, household surveys among Addis Ababa, and analysis of national policy
documents and existing literature. Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively and thematically,
while quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, providing insights into food
security issues and policy implications in an urban setting. The intricate nexus between food
politics, policies, and household food security highlights the importance of governance
structures, decision-making processes, and policy application. Effective stakeholder integration
and public involvement are crucial for democratic governance and policy efficiency. Addressing
food insecurity challenges requires community consultations, enhanced public participation, and
robust policy implementation mechanisms at the community level. Decision-makers must close
policy gaps and align policies with household needs to develop more inclusive, effective, and
transparent food security policies, ultimately improving household and community well-being.

Food is not only a fundamental need of our existence, but it also plays an important role in understanding different cultures and their connections with each other. When we talk about culture, it is easy to explain it as learned, shared, and transmitted daily practices of people from one generation to another. From the production to the consumption of food, each step gives us the key elements of those societies and their learned, shared, and transmitted values. It is a reflection of our social and cultural identities as well as the changes in those societies throughout time.