Emergency Shelter

This study examines how individuals living on the periphery of society have designed their own homes in a Hungarian locality without the help of architects, shedding light on the phenomenon of "architecture without architects" by investigating the design, construction, and social aspects of these self-built homes. Survey sketches and architectural drawings serve to bring these instinctive buildings and the discipline of architecture closer together. Although hidden from a significant part of society, these case studies exemplify a potential means for addressing social challenges in a regulated construction environment and a highly polarized society. Using qualitative methods such as interviews, observation, and documentation, the study reveals how participants utilized local materials, traditional techniques, and their own creativity to construct affordable and functional homes. The research also highlights the social dynamics of the self-built environment, including the role of community support and the negotiation of land ownership. Overall, the study provides insight into the potential of self-built housing as a means of addressing the housing needs of low-income communities.

Millions of children spend time each year in children’s shelters, residential treatment centers, and other noncorrectional placements (Pelton, 1989). There is no record in the literature of a client satisfaction questionnaire measuring satisfaction of children in a shelter or treatment center with program components. This thesis is a proposal for an evaluation for a children’s shelter in Minneapolis called Booth Brown House. The proposal includes a specially designed questionnaire. The research in all stages of the evaluation process. The thesis also includes a discussion of the relative advantages and disadvantages of an oral interview format. The proposal also describes articles which identify qualities of children’s treatment centers that are associated with emotional and behavioral improvement of residents during and after treatment

With the increase of refugee movements since 2014 in Europe and the Near East, the debate of how to plan appropriate shelters and emergency accommodation has gained a new momentum. Established techno-managerial approaches have been criticised as inappropriate, and the professional community of planners and architects was increasingly drawn into debates for alternative solutions. This article traces the "innovations" that promise better, more effective, and more humane emergency shelters using the examples of the "Tempohomes" in Berlin as well as the Jordanian refugee camps of Zaatari and Azraq. In both cases, planners were employed to address the ambivalent reality of protracted refugee camps and include "lessons" from failures of earlier solutions. While the article acknowledges the genuine attempt of planners to engage with the more complex needs and expectations of refugees, a careful look at the results of the planning for better camps reveals ambivalent outcomes. As camps acquire a new visual appearance, closer to housing, which mixes shelter design with social spaces and services as essential parts of the camp; these "innovations" bear the danger of paternalistic planning and aestheticisation, camouflaging control under what seems to be well-intended and sensitive planning. The article focuses on refugees' agency expressed in critical camp studies to interrogate the planning results. While recent critical refugee studies have demanded recognition of refugees as urban actors which should be included in the co-production of the spatial reality of refugee accommodations, new planning approaches tend to result in a shrinking of spaces of selfdetermination and self-provisioning of refugees.

director general of the Ministry of Culture in Cambodia in 1975. Between 2004 and 2008 he was director of the Monuments and Archaeology Department No. 2 of the National Authority for the Conservation and the Management of Angkor (APSARA) and in 2008 became deputy director-general of APSARA. He was a member of ICOM and presented many papers internationally on the management of the World Heritage sites. Note 1. See

The Sulawesi region is located at the confluence of a smaller Philippine plate and three major global plates, namely the Indo-Australian, Pacific, and Eurasian. This strategic location makes Sulawesi and the surrounding earthquake-prone region in Indonesia. Recognizing the seismic vulnerability of this region, various measures, such as the use of houses on stilts, have been explored to enhance earthquake resistance. These structures are designed to avoid direct exposure to seismic energy, according to several reports on Indonesian earthquakes. In the last two years, an in-depth investigation has been carried out to analyze the behavior and resistance of Bugis Traditional Houses to earthquakes. Although simulation and computational studies are still in progress, the results show that Bugis-Makassar House on stilts maintains an elastic state with a high level of performance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mechanical behavior of Bugis-Makassar stilt house structures using full-scale tests. During the investigation, experimental testing was conducted using house specimens measuring 1.5×2.3 m in the laboratory. A cyclic lateral loading analysis was performed using ISO 16670-2003 as a guide. The results showed that cyclic lateral loads caused house structures to sway, while the timber experienced minimal damage. Both the hysteresis energy, 𝐸 𝐻 to 𝐸 𝐼 , and the energy conversion ratio, GPE to ESE (𝐸 𝑅), were found to be approximately balanced. This equilibrium suggested that seismic energy can be cyclically stored and released to reduce damage to structural elements.

Zero Flat is a new type of apartment for chronically homeless persons with difficulties adapting to any other housing resource due to the high degree of their social exclusion. Combining the characteristics of a night shelter with the minimal requirements for sleeping rough as well as the warmth of a home, this new space proposes new ways of living that respond to the real needs of long-term homeless people. Situated in the historical city centre of Barcelona in a municipally owned apartment, Zero Flat began as a design project developed with the intention of providing Arrels Fundacio, a non- governmental organisation that assists homeless persons, with useful input. During the first year of operation, after its launch in January 2017, more than 74% of Zero Flat’s users were able to improve their situation and move on to another apartment or residence for the elderly. This paper reviews the design process and the results of this collaborative project.

Evacuation routing is one of the fundamental instruments for flood risk mitigation. In this study, features extracted from LiDAR data are used to create dynamic network composed of buildings and roads. Flood prone areas identified through flood models from Phil-Lidar 1 Project are considered by Capacity Aware Shortest Path Evacuation Routing algorithm to determine optimal routes. Road capacity and location of building features were also considered. Uncertainties among possible paths taken are evaluated through Decision Theory. Specific DT technique implemented to generate alternative routes for the possibility of detours is the Analytic Hierarchy Process. This study can help city governance in terms of planning and disaster risk reduction management.

Absztrakt
Jelen tanulmány az ózdi légoltalmi rendszer kiépülésének és működésének történetét vizsgálja 1936 és 1944 között, a Rimamurány-Salgótarjáni Vasmű Rt. szerepére fókuszálva. A kutatás bemutatja, hogy a trianoni békeszerződés által korlátozott magyar haderővel szemben a környező kisantant-államok légi fölénye hogyan teremtett kényszerhelyzetet, amely az 1935. évi XII. törvénycikkben  testet öltő országos légoltalom megszervezéséhez vezetett.





Ózd és a Borsodnádasdi Lemezgyár hadiipari jelentősége miatt kiemelt, I-es kategóriájú besorolást kapott. A tanulmány részletezi a légópince-rendszer kiépítésének folyamatát, amely a nemzetközi események, különösen a spanyol polgárháború tapasztalatainak hatására 1937-ben vette kezdetét. A Vasmű jelentős anyagi forrásokat áldozott a projektre, 1942-re több mint 5400 fő számára biztosítva védelmet a kor színvonalán rendkívül modernnek számító bunkerekben. Ezzel párhuzamosan megszerveződött a polgári védelem is a Légoltalmi Liga helyi szervezetének 1939-es megalakulásával, amely önkéntesek százait képezte ki a kármentesítési feladatokra.





A munka kitér az 1944. október 31-i légitámadásra , amelynek viszonylagos sikerét a központi légoltalmi irányítás nyilas hatalomátvétel utáni szétesése is elősegítette. Összefoglalásként a dolgozat megállapítja, hogy bár Ózd a háború egészéhez képest csekélyebb károkat szenvedett, a kiépített légoltalmi rendszer a korabeli magyar ipari létesítmények védekezési felkészültségének kiemelkedő példája volt.

Energy requirements in India, and in all developing countries, are rising at over 10 per cent annually and may double after 2020. With the Energy Crisis there is a demand for the promotion of greater saving in energy and efficient use of available energy. This not only has the potential to meet the ever-increasing demand but it must be recognized as an important and sustainable solution for the energy crisis as energy saved is energy produced. Many studies have shown that, to the occupants, the most important consideration is thermal comfort. Thermal comfort is defined by ASHRAE, as that state of mind, which expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment. The context of the study of thermal comfort is the multibillion dollar air-conditioning (AC) industry. The need to define 'comfortable environments' arose from this industry. Before air-conditioning buildings were built on the experience of countless builders of the past, experience being passed down the generations. One of the more contentious theoretical issues in the applied research area of thermal comfort has been the dialectic between "adaptive" and "static" models. Apart from having disparate methodological bases (the former laboratory-experimental, the latter field-based), the two approaches have yielded starkly differing prescriptions for how the indoor climate of buildings should be managed. These prescriptions carry implications for the types of permissible building designs, the means by which their thermal environments are controlled, and the amounts of energy they consume in the production of habitable indoor climates. Static models have led to indoor climate standards that have been universally applied across all building types, are characterized by minimal recognition of outdoor climatic context, and are contributing

Peter Beacock runs the Architectural Design and Management programme at the University of Northumbria, and has an interest in sustainable design. In addition, he has worked with Wilkinson Hindle Halsall Lloyd Partnership (WHHLP) on a number of recent projects. Patricia Beecham, BA (Hons), BArch (Hons), RIBA (Farms; Museums; L a w Courts; Zoos and Aquariums) After studying at Newcastle University, Patricia Beecham spent 20 years as a registered architect on a wide variety of projects in private practice in Liverpool, London and Newcastle. During two years in Warsaw she developed a series of guided architectural walks. She is now practising independently. Fiona Brettwood, BA, Dip Arch, RIBA (Community Centres) Fiona Brettwood is a partner in Wilkinson Hindle Halsall Lloyd Partnership (WHHLP), which has over 25 years' experience of community architecture, community consultation and design participation. Her recent and current projects are with community projects in the North-East, helping in the development of appropriate facilities for the 21st century.

Disaster-prone communities in Albay, Philippines and Bhola, Bangladesh, face recurring typhoons, cyclones, and floods that simultaneously destroy homes, disrupt livelihoods, and threaten food security. Traditional cash transfer programs (CTPs) for disaster relief often lack inclusive, risk-informed design and fail to account for the intersectional vulnerabilities of at-risk groups. Project DINGGIN (Dynamic Inclusive Network for Governance, Guidance, Intersectionality, and Nexus) addresses this gap by developing a risk-based, community-informed cash transfer framework. The approach bridges bottom-up risk data gathered through household surveys, participatory risk mapping, focus groups, and interviews with top-down policy frameworks within a humanitarian-development-peace nexus approach. Data from Albay and Bhola revealed that affected households prioritise simultaneous home rebuilding and income recovery; however, existing cash assistance is fragmented and not well-coordinated. Using a decision-support dashboard, local governments and communities co-developed tailored Cash Transfer Values (CTVs) reflecting each community’s specific disaster risks and socioeconomic needs. The results demonstrate that an integrated cash transfer strategy—addressing shelter, food, and livelihoods together—can provide immediate relief while strengthening long-term resilience. For example, households in high-risk zones received larger grants for shelter reinforcement and livelihood restoration, aligning assistance with locally identified needs. This risk-informed, inclusive CTP model improved community ownership and met humanitarian Sphere standards for equity and adequacy. The discussion of Project DINGGIN’s pilot indicates strengthened multi-sectoral coordination and highlights areas for improvement, such as providing multi-phase support beyond the emergency phase, offering financial literacy training to beneficiaries, and implementing adaptive disbursement schedules. The study concludes that empowering communities to co-design cash interventions not only ensures a more effective disaster response but also institutionalises resilience-building for future crises, aligning with national disaster management plans and international frameworks.

6 ŞUBAT DEPREMİ ve MADENCİLİK
Deprem bölgesi madencilik faaliyetleri açısından kritik üretim ölçeğine sahip bir bölge olmamakla birlikte deprem bölgesinde 732 maden işletme izinli ruhsat bulunmakta olup bunun 68 tanesi yeraltı maden işletme yöntemi ile çalışmaktadır.

Türkçe:
Bu çalışma, 6 Şubat 2023 depremlerinin Türkiye’nin doğusunda yer alan 5 limanın dış ticaret hacmine etkisini incelemektedir. 10 sektörü kapsayan 24 aylık veriyle afet sonrası ticaret kırılganlığı analiz edilmiştir.

English:
This chapter examines the impact of the February 6 earthquakes on Türkiye’s port trade in five regions. Based on trade data across 10 sectors and 24 months, it evaluates the disaster-induced vulnerability of logistics infrastructure.

Doğa olaylarından biri olan depremi afete çeviren olay, insanların dep-rem sonrasında yaşadığı can ve mal kayıplarıdır. Depremde yaşanan eko-nomik kayıplar, insanların gündelik yaşamının doğal akışını zorlaştırır. Çünkü yıkımlar ve kayıplar sonrasında insanların temel ihtiyaçları bile kar-şılanamazken bölgedeki ticari faaliyetlerin sekteye uğraması kaçınılmazdır. Yüzyılın felaketi sayılan 6 Şubat depremlerinin etkilediği şehirlerden biri olan Hatay’da, yaşanan yıkımın büyüklüğü ve bu yıkımın sebep olduğu ka-panan yollar, ulaşımı olumsuz etkilemiştir. Ulaşımın aksaması, yolların ha-sar görmesi, sağlam olan yollarda meydana gelen mecburi trafik yoğunluğu ekonomik faaliyetlerin isteninlen ve planlanan şekilde yerine getirilememesi-ne neden olmuştur. Hatay ekonomisinin deprem öncesi ve sonrası değişimi-ni anlamak ve bu değişimi 2020 ve 2023 yılları arasında karşılaştırarak açık-lamak yıkımın kısa dönemdeki etkisini görmek için önemlidir. Depremin ekonomiye olumsuz etkisi uzun yıllara bağlı olarak ilerde daha açık bir şe-kilde gözlemlenebilecektir. Amaç, Hatay’da yaşanan depremin kısa dönem-de ticari faaliyetleri ne yönde etkilediğini anlamaktır. Depremin etkisi; yıkı-lan iş yerleri, tarımsal üretimin değişimi, iş gücünde yaşanan kayıplar ve deprem sonrası yapılan değerlendirme raporları bu çalışma içinde analiz edilerek değerlendirilmiştir. Hatay’daki sosyal ve ekonomik hayatın deprem sonrası normal seyrine dönebilmesi için ekonomik açıdan il dışından yapıla-cak yardımların, destek ve yatırımların, girişimciler için önemi büyük ola-caktır. Çünkü deprem nedeniyle tarımsal faaliyetler ve sanayi ürünlerinin üretiminde yetersiz insan gücü ile depremden olumsuz yönde etkilenen fab-rika ve iş yerlerine gerekli bakım ve onarımların yapılamaması sonucunda üretimde düşüş gözlemlenmiştir. Bu durumu düzeltmek adına devlet ve özel sektörler tarafından verilen destekler ve yapılan yatırımlarla bu sektörlerde üretimlerde artış yaşandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Depremde zarar gören tarihi mekânlar ve kapalı çarşı turizm ile hizmet sektörünü de etkilemiştir. Bu ça-lışmada depremin Hatay ilinde tarım, sanayi ve hizmet sektörünü ekonomik olarak ne şekilde etkilediği incelenecektir.

In 2001, President Bush announced his intention to "end chronic homeless by the year 2012" as part of his broad "Compassion Agenda". Since then, departmental consolidation, changes in funding allocation, and continued decentralization of services provision have dramatically reshaped the landscape of homeless service provision in the US. In this paper I examine how these roll-out policies reify and re-entrench liberal equations of property with rational self-governance at the local scale. Particularly, I illustrate how tropes of homeless otherness work alongside and through federal neoliberal roll-out policies to exclude homeless voices from the formation of local social policy. In doing so, I attempt to call attention to the mutually constitutive relationship between the spatial management of homeless bodies, tropes of homeless deviance and dependence, and limits to citizenship in the context of neoliberal urban governance.

Hayal, S. (2024). Hatay’da deprem sonrası vaziyetler ve vazifeler. Z. Banu Dalaman & F. Tozan (Eds.), Cities and society in the context of disasters and migration / Afetler ve göç bağlamında kentler ve toplum (pp. 49–65). Transnational Press London.

This white paper presents a synthesis of the findings, insights, and recommendations drawn from a capstone research study entitled Project DINGGIN (Dynamic Inclusive Network for Governance, Guidance, Intersectionality and Nexus): Empowering Communities through Risk-Based and Inclusive Cash Transfer.

“Dinggin” is a Filipino word meaning “to listen”. The DINGGIN Model centres on listening to the realities of at-risk communities, ensuring that cash transfer values reflect diverse vulnerabilities, capacities, and aspirations for their resilience.

The original research involved extensive fieldwork, stakeholder consultations, and evidence-based analysis focused on hybrid governance with a decision-making tool designed to compute risk-based cash transfer values. The model affirms that those closest to risk are best placed to drive solutions.

This condensed format is intended to provide practitioners, policymakers, humanitarian and development stakeholders with an accessible reference to support informed decision-making and adaptive programming. While comprehensive in its analytical depth, the full study is available for those seeking detailed methodologies, case studies, and annexes.

In the construction industry, especially in developing countries like Sierra Leone, the temptation to take shortcuts can be significant. While these shortcuts might promise quicker completion times and reduced costs, they often come with severe consequences. The question arises: Who truly pays the price for these shortcuts? This reflection will explore the implications of adopting quick-fix solutions in construction, examine the significances on public safety and economic stability, and discuss the broader consequences for society.

This paper describes a research project conducted by the Department of Architectural Engineering, the Department of Architecture and the Department of Materials Engineering at California Polytechnic State University. We are developing a habitable temporary shelter that is durable, sustainable, economical, and rapidly assembled. A basic, repeatable module of the design is a hyperbolic paraboloid (hypar) panel, generated from extruded straight boards of high density polyethylene (HDPE) reinforced with waste-stream agricultural fibers. Our research has shown that the hypar is well suited for a rapidly assembled emergency shelter because it can be generated from straight line segments which can be trucked to the disaster site. Then, using our proposed assembly method, a large span thin shell structure can be rapidly constructed. The paper will discuss the fabrication and the testing of the "green" composite material used for these shelters. This composite material itself was the starting point for a number of design ideas. The uniqueness of the material; its stiffness, strength, and ecologically friendly nature spurred us into thinking about how we could incorporate it into structures. Before designing with this material, we addressed some of its mechanics issues, namely how could we characterize this material under tensile loads and under bending loads. Also, we performed a detailed study of how the material reacted to intense ultraviolet light. Having addressed the mechanics, we began the task of designing a structure with this material. We chose an emergency shelter as our design goal because we decided that an emergency shelter composed of hypar modules could be constructed from straight-line segments of this unique, extruded material.

This paper describes a research project conducted by the Department of Architectural Engineering, the Department of Architecture and the Department of Materials Engineering at California Polytechnic State University. We are developing a habitable temporary shelter that is durable, sustainable, economical, and rapidly assembled. A basic, repeatable module of the design is a hyperbolic paraboloid (hypar) panel, generated from extruded straight boards of high density polyethylene (HDPE) reinforced with waste-stream agricultural fibers. Our research has shown that the hypar is well suited for a rapidly assembled emergency shelter because it can be generated from straight line segments which can be trucked to the disaster site. Then, using our proposed assembly method, a large span thin shell structure can be rapidly constructed. The paper will discuss the fabrication and the testing of the "green" composite material used for these shelters. This composite material itself was the starting point for a number of design ideas. The uniqueness of the material; its stiffness, strength, and ecologically friendly nature spurred us into thinking about how we could incorporate it into structures. Before designing with this material, we addressed some of its mechanics issues, namely how could we characterize this material under tensile loads and under bending loads. Also, we performed a detailed study of how the material reacted to intense ultraviolet light. Having addressed the mechanics, we began the task of designing a structure with this material. We chose an emergency shelter as our design goal because we decided that an emergency shelter composed of hypar modules could be constructed from straight-line segments of this unique, extruded material.

Indonesia is dominated by the military; the Armed Forces are dominated by the Arm y; the Army is dominated by graduates of Seskoad (Sekolah Staf dan Komando— Angkatan Darat), the Indonesian Army Staff and Command School.* 1 Begun in 1951, Seskoad has graduated over 3,000 students from a variety of regular and special courses. Among its alumni are President Soeharto, Vice-President Umar Wirahadikusumah. Minister of Defense and Security Poniman, Head of the MPR Amir Machmud, Minister of Political and Security Affairs Surono, Coordinating Minister for Social Welfare Alamsyah P ., Head of the State Audit Board Yusuf, and dozens of other important members of the government. 2 From their first day of class Seskoad students are told that they are "the future leaders of the Army and the nation,"3 4 a highly accurate statement. The present article will examine the Seskoad experi­ ence. By analyzing who is selected, how the selection process works, and what subjects are emphasized, ...

Low-income households in Uganda and similar tropical regions predominantly depend on natural ventilation for indoor thermal regulation due to limited access to and affordability of mechanical cooling systems. Various factors, such as building orientation, window design, roofing materials, and occupant behavior, shape the effectiveness of natural ventilation in providing thermal comfort. Despite its significance, research on the impact of these factors on the thermal comfort of low-income residents in tropical climates remains inadequate. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the subjective thermal comfort of low-income, naturally ventilated building occupants in Kampala, Uganda. Employing cross-sectional surveys involving 413 participants, IBM® SPSS® V24 was used to conduct statistical tests to examine relationships between variables. ANOVA revealed that building orientation and window type significantly influenced subjective thermal comfort, with North-and East-facing homes providing greater comfort than those oriented South and West. Clay tile roofs offer better thermal comfort than iron sheet roofs. Despite relying on several adaptive measures like opening windows and adjusting clothing, most respondents expressed dissatisfaction with the thermal environment, with a preference for cooler conditions, redesigning or improving ventilation systems, and planting vegetation to improve their subjective thermal comfort. This underscores the need to optimize building design and orientation, integrate passive cooling strategies, and promote green spaces in urban residential planning to enhance thermal comfort in tropical climates. These findings contribute to achieving SDGs 3, 7, and 11, promoting health, energy efficiency, and resilient urban environments.

Afetler, toplumun tamamı veya önemli bir kısmı için kayıplara neden olan, normal hayatı durduran ya da kesintiye uğratan, toplumun baş etme kapasitesinin yeterli olmadığı doğa, teknoloji ve insan kaynaklı olaylar ile bunların neden olduğu sonuçlara verilen genel isimdir (AFAD, 2023). Dünyanın pek çok yeri gibi, ülkemiz de özellikle üzerinde kurulduğu coğrafyanın getirdiği doğal afet türleri açısından büyük bir kırılganlık taşımaktadır. Tarihte çok defa görülen ve önemli ölçüde can ve mal kaybına, büyük yıkımlara neden olan depremler, coğrafyamızda tarih boyunca en etkili afet türü olarak görülmektedir. Afetlerin etkilerinin giderek derinleştiği günümüzde, şehir planlama disiplininin kapsamı büyük ölçüde afetlere dirençli kent planlamayla ilişkilenmektedir. 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremlerde 11 ilde büyük bir yıkım ve hasar oluşmuş, en büyük yıkım ve hasarın oluştuğu kent ise Antakya olmuştur. Antakya'da depremle gerçekleşen hasarın nedenleri incelendiğinde, ağırlıklı olarak deprem öncesi süreçteki planlama ve yapılaşma süreçlerinin etkileri göze çarpmaktadır. Depremden sonra iki yıl geride kalmışken, bugüne kadar olan planlama ve yapılaşma süreçlerini incelemek, Antakya'nın ilerleyen yıllarda karşılaşabileceği afetlerdeki dirençlilik ve kırılganlık durumunun öngörülmesi açısından önem taşımaktadır. Bu makale, Antakya'da deprem öncesi ve deprem sonrası yapılaşma ve planlama faaliyetlerini örnekler üzerinden birbiriyle ilişkili olarak incelemekte, "Antakya'da kırılganlığın inşası" çerçevesinde kavramsallaştırmaktadır.

Türkiye'de 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Kahramanmaraş'ta meydana gelen depremlerin ardından, depremden etkilenen 10 ilde üç ay süreyle olağanüstü hâl (OHAL) dönemi yaşanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; yürütmenin güçlenmesinin doğal bir sonuç olarak ortaya çıktığı OHAL döneminin sebep ve sonuçlarının hukuk devleti ilkesi çerçevesinde anlaşılmasına katkı sunmaktır. Bu minvalde OHAL döneminde çıkartılan Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kararnamelerinin (CBK) hukuki bir değerlendirilmesi yapılmaktadır. Bu kararnamelerin, yürütmenin güçlenmesini sağlayan hukuk araçları olarak temel hak ve hürriyetleri ne derece kısıtladığı, bununla birlikte OHAL'in ortadan kaldırılmasına ve bozulan kamu düzeninin yeniden tesisine ne kadar katkı sunduğu sorgulanmıştır.

This paper is based on an ethnographic study of how domesticity is enacted and adapted at homeless shelters for determining which clients are "service worthy ." The study draws on nineteen placement meetings with homeless men and focuses on institutional mechanisms for encouraging homemaking skills or domesticity among clients. Adapting Robert K. Merton's typology of adaptations to social norms, as well as Jaber Gubrium's "task-designated identity," we showcase male clients' self-presentation strategies for adapting to the institutional mandates of domesticity. Specifically, our qualitative analysis reveals four modes of task adaption: (1) task conformity by professing the desired norms in their service encounters, (2) task evasion to avoid conversations and related tasks, (3) task transformation by linking the task at hand with something other than originally intended, particularly by reframing biographies to meet the local goals of domesticity, and (4) task protestation, which involves questioning the rationale and necessity of assigned tasks.

Preserving Pompeii has proved to be a major challenge for those responsible for managing, safeguarding, and enhancing the UNESCO world heritage site. Covering an area of 66 hectares, of which just over two-thirds have been excavated, Pompeii represents a vast and fragile archaeological heritage containing structures, frescoes, objects, mosaics, and infrastructure as a result of the eruption of Vesuvius in AD 79. Over the centuries, Pompeii has served as an international platform for experimenting with novel approaches towards archaeological investigation, restoration, and conservation.
However, the effectiveness of these efforts has been influenced not only by technical solutions but also by the management models adopted by the administration. An emblematic example of this was the Great Pompeii Project (GPP) that ran from 2012 to 2022. The success of this project can be attributed to the organisational structure and integrated management
model that was implemented, encompassing protection, research, conservation, access, and public understanding of the site.
A “Sustainable Management Model” is a comprehensive, process-based solution for implementing effective management in a complex site such as Pompeii. Sustainability involves a range of disciplines and requires a
holistic approach in order to address multidimensional values. The challenge for Pompeii is to safeguard and further improve on the high-quality standards achieved by the GPP in terms of conservation,  renovation, access, and education through an ordinary and sustainable management process.

This investigation examines the conditions of housing instability in Council Bluffs and need for additional permanent housing, both in isolation and relative to provision within the continuum of care between Omaha and Council Bluffs. We found that the need relative to the population, the proportion of population showing extreme need, and the proportion of the population seeking assistance, was statistically constant between the two cities, and there is not a significant difference between the two families in demographic terms, and so there is an expectation that the distribution of services should be relatively constant between people originating from the two states. We found that when people from the Omaha and Council Bluffs metropolitan area and the surrounding counites on either side for the river for whom the nearest provider base is the metropolitan area experience homelessness and they seek assistance there is an extreme bias, by orders of magnitude, for placing people from Nebraska into permanent housing, as compared to people from Iowa. This disparity appears to be a result of funding restrictions from sources available to Nebraskans which are unavailable to Iowans. There is not a statistically significant difference between Omaha and Council Bluffs in terms of proportional need, and yet people from Council Bluffs are not getting housed at the same rate as people from Omaha. This inequity persists despite a willingness of Iowans to move to Nebraska much greater than that found in other regions of Iowa or of Nebraskans to move to Iowa, eliminating the explanation of client choice. The inequity is located among unaccompanied adults. Statistically there is not an inequity among homeless families. This is not the result of better funding policies for families, but instead a broad lack of housing solutions for homeless families. Further evaluation of the funding restrictions would be required to make more specific statements of cause, but the collective funding pattern in the metropolitan area causes the disparities favoring unaccompanied adult Nebraskans over Iowans. This report makes the data driven policy recommendation that at least 80-100 additional units of other permanent housing (OPH) be provided exclusively in Council Bluffs to resolve the inequity. We recommend prioritizing unaccompanied individuals with the option occasionally house families. Restrictions on housing prioritization are causal of the inequity demonstrated. Any additional units would further rectify the inequity, addressing a deep and clear need for housing in Council Bluffs. Article reuse guidelines www.icalliances.org/permissions www.icalliances.org/research

Institute for Community Alliances Patterns of Chronicity Chronic homelessness is the concept driving much of the policy directed at ending the perpetual homelessness crisis in America. Illicit substance and mental health disorders are closely associated with homelessness in the popular imagination. While there is a prevalence of both among the population experiencing homelessness, there is little evidence suggesting that the rate of illicit substance use among people "becoming homeless", entering the homeless response system, for the first time is significantly different than the rate of illicit substance use in the general population controlling for economic measures. In practice, to a large degree, increased illicit substance use and mental health disorders are symptoms of homelessness rather than causal (Hungaro, Anai Adario, et al. 2020). This means that the observed high rates of illicit substance use are more likely to be caused by the experience of homelessness. This is particularly true once poverty is controlled for suggesting illicit substance use is more a function of poverty, a coping mechanism, a punitive measure against the behaviors of the poor, or a combination of those. (Sheely 2021) And so, much policy coming from the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is aimed at sorting out the people who are more likely to need minimal intervention before finding housing stability, exiting assistance, and never needing that assistance again, at least for the two-year lookback used in those measures. For much of the population experiencing homelessness, even if there are several system entries across the time span, the episode of homelessness is one time and finite ending in a system exit from which there is no return to homelessness. 80.3% of those who exit to permanent housing are not seen again in two years, nationally (U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 2021a) in 2021, and 74% in Polk County, Iowa, for the same period. The remainder should be people who are unable to find a path to long term stability without further assistance. For that remainder there are two predominant interventions. Rapid re-housing is preferred for people who have the fundamental ability to maintain stability but need a time-limited assistance. The balance is people who need long term or permanent assistance and may need support for underlying permanent disabilities that interfere with their ability to maintain housing independently. And, aside from special populations like youth and military veterans, that should cover everyone.

No Brasil, todos os anos o alto volume de chuvas provoca inundações, enxurradas e deslizamentos de terras que resultam em desastres naturais nas cidades. Além das mortes, o país vê o número de desabrigados aumentar a cada ano, causando muito mais do que danos materiais. Quando essas tragédias levam à perda da moradia, enormes prejuízos físicos, emocionais e mentais entram em cena. Sob a perspectiva da psicologia analítica, este artigo buscou refletir sobre os efeitos psicológicos da perda da habitação. Utilizando como base a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, o trabalho percorreu aspectos históricos e culturais a fim de revelar de que forma a população mais pobre tornou-se a classe mais atingida pelo problema. Instalada em locais vulneráveis aos desastres e vítima da falta de investimentos estruturais, essa população está constantemente exposta à ameaça de perder seu abrigo. A casa sustenta parte considerável da imagem de uma pessoa no mundo, situando sua vida tanto geograficament...

No Brasil, todos os anos o alto volume de chuvas provoca inundações, enxurradas e deslizamentos de terras que resultam em desastres naturais nas cidades. Além das mortes, o país vê o número de desabrigados aumentar a cada ano, causando muito mais do que danos materiais. Quando essas tragédias levam à perda da moradia, enormes prejuízos físicos, emocionais e mentais entram em cena. Sob a perspectiva da psicologia analítica, este artigo buscou refletir sobre os efeitos psicológicos da perda da habitação. Utilizando como base a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, o trabalho percorreu aspectos históricos e culturais a fim de revelar de que forma a população mais pobre tornou-se a classe mais atingida pelo problema. Instalada em locais vulneráveis aos desastres e vítima da falta de investimentos estruturais, essa população está constantemente exposta à ameaça de perder seu abrigo. A casa sustenta parte considerável da imagem de uma pessoa no mundo, situando sua vida tanto geograficament...

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected the homeless serving sector in significant ways, including impacts on service users and service providers. In this qualitative case study from Ottawa, Canada, we conducted 28 semi-structured interviews with service providers and key informants from the homeless serving sector to learn more about responses to the pandemic. We argue that, as it is currently designed, the homeless serving sector had limited opportunity to respond to the combined crises in housing, overdose, and COVID-19 with a transformative agenda. The article draws on Dej’s (2020) concept of the homelessness industrial complex, which argues that current systems manage and sustain rather than end homelessness. And we use Lipsky’s (1969; 1980) notion of street-level bureaucracy to explore the role of service providers as they translated shifting public health guidelines into action on the ground within contexts of ambiguity and constraint.  Service providers wer...

Dr. Nor Azazi Zakaria and other academicians that provided insights and assistance during the research project. I am also thankful to Universiti Sains Malaysia for providing financial assistance in the form of Graduate Assistance Scheme and Malayan Sugar Manufacturing Fellowship. Further, I would also like to convey my acknowledgement to the Ministry of Education for the research grant and financial assistance provided. Finally, I am also thankful to my parents for the eternal moral support and love provided throughout my life. iii TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii TABLE OF CONTENT iii LIST OF TABLES vii LIST OF FIGURES x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xi LIST OF SYMBOLS xiii

Emergency food assistance forms an integral component of flood mitigation in Malaysia. A cross-sectional survey investigating emergency food assistance among 202 flood victims was conducted and alternative food assistance plan was developed using linear programming targeting post-disaster food requirement scenarios. From the study, the receipt of food aid was significantly associated with ethnicity, household income, residential area and evacuation into temporary shelters. Linear programming analysis identified nutritionally appropriate food assistance targeting mass feeding, emergency food basket, and immediate food requirement for as low as MYR 6.07 (1.55 USD), MYR 7.14 (1.82 USD), and MYR 8.00 (2.04 USD), respectively. This study provides nutritional guidelines for disaster food assistance policy.

Türkiye'de büyük kayıplara yol açan Kahramanmaraş depreminde çöken yüzlerce bina, binlerce insanın ölmesine neden olmuştur. Adıyaman'da yıkılan binalar arasında şehrin en büyük oteli Grand İsias Otel'in de olması gözleri konuklarına mezar olan otellere çevirmiştir. Depremde yıkılan tek otel olmasa da Türkiye eğitim gezisinde olan turist rehberi adayları ile KKTC'li çocuk voleybolcuların bu enkazda ölmesi Grand İsias Otel'i, mezar otellerin sembolü hâline getirmiştir. Bu araştırmada kentlere karşı işlenen suçlar bağlamında ele alınabilecek suistimallerin; Grand İsias Otel örneğinden yola çıkarak Kahramanmaraş depreminde yıkılan tüm otellerin durumunu, hataların çerçevesini ve turizm medyası yoluyla kamuoyunda nasıl temsil edildiğini ortaya koymak amacıyla nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından durum çalışması benimsenmiştir. Araştırmanın verilerini, turizm medyasının en çok okunan beş platformunda yayımlanan depremde yıkılan oteller ile ilgili 156 haber metni oluşturmuştur. Haber metinleri nitel veri analiz programı aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda ilgili haberlerin, yıkılan otellerin temsiliyeti, enkaz altındakilerin temsiliyeti, Grand İsias Otel'in mezar otel olarak sembolleşmesi ve deprem sonrası çağrışımlar ile ilgili bulgular elde edilmiştir.

У статті розглянуто питання управління ризиками, наведено етапи оцінювання ризиків та запропоновано методику управління ризиками вимірювального обладнання, що може використовуватися в будь-якій галузі промисловості для забезпечення стабільної точності вимірювання та запобігання виникнення невідповідностей, вчасного і ефективного реагування на небажані ситуації. Визначено та наведено характерні ризики для вимірювального обладнання. Наведено заходи щодо запобігання ризикам вимірювального обладнання на прикладі застосування методу Poka-Yoke. Ключові слова: вимірювальне обладнання, невідповідності, ризики, точність вимірювань, виробничий процес.

Abuse of senior citizens should be paradoxical in a civilized society; however, the U.S. Government Accountability Office reports that 14.1% of noninstitutionalized older adults experienced some type of abuse within the previous year. This is suspected to be an underestimation of the number of abuses reported. In a society where the older population is predicted to increase significantly, it is likely that the number of cases for abused elders will increase proportionately. Through the success of advocacy groups to raise awareness of child and domestic partner abuse, funding has been channeled to shelter these abuse victims. The same cannot be said for elders who are abused. Providing shelter in a safe, secure, medically appropriate environment, free from violence, for an older adult is essential. This article describes a community's collaborative health planning process to respond to elder abuse and develop a program to shelter elders experiencing abuse or suspected abuse.

Ce rapport, produit dans le cadre du projet européen R-HOME - Roma: Housing, Opportunities, Mobilisation and Empowerment, explore les dynamiques complexes de la privation de logement et de la discrimination envers les Roms dans les villes européennes. Basé sur une étude qualitative menée dans cinq pays, il vise à mettre en lumière les mécanismes socio-politiques qui structurent les inégalités dans l'accès au logement. Ce rapport est accessible sur demande en contactant l'auteur, Tommaso Vitale, en hongrois, italien, anglais, roumain ou espagnol.

Question de recherche :
Quels sont les principaux facteurs structurels et institutionnels qui engendrent et perpétuent la privation de logement et la discrimination des Roms dans les contextes européens, et comment peuvent-ils être surmontés ?

Cadre théorique :
Ancré dans une approche sociologique critique, le rapport mobilise les travaux sur les inégalités ethniques, la stratification résidentielle et les politiques publiques. Il s'appuie sur des concepts clés tels que l'antitsiganisme et la ségrégation résidentielle pour interroger les interactions entre politiques publiques, discrimination institutionnelle et dynamiques communautaires.

Méthodologie :
L'étude repose sur 128 entretiens semi-directifs et 10 groupes de discussion réalisés dans cinq contextes urbains (Barcelone, Paris, Milan, Gyöngyös/Miskolc, Târgu Mureș). Cette méthode comparative vise à dégager des similitudes et des différences transnationales dans les expériences des Roms face à la privation de logement et à la discrimination.

Contenu du rapport :

Conditions de logement :
Analyse des formes variées de précarité, des squats aux logements sociaux, en passant par les bidonvilles et les centres d'hébergement temporaire. La section met en évidence l'impact de ces conditions sur la santé, l'éducation et la sécurité des familles roms.
Discrimination en matière de logement :
Étude des perceptions et des mécanismes de discrimination, notamment dans les relations avec le système bancaire, les services publics et les infrastructures.
Politiques et programmes :
Évaluation critique des instruments de politique publique, des programmes d'insertion urbaine et des initiatives locales. Cette section propose sept principes pour concevoir des politiques inclusives et équitables.
Leçons apprises :
Synthèse des recommandations, insistant sur l'importance d'une gouvernance multi-niveaux et de l'implication active des communautés roms dans l'élaboration et la mise en œuvre des politiques.

WP2 - “R-HOME - Roma: Housing, Opportunities, Mobilisation and Empowerment”, of the programme Rights, Equality and Citizenship Programme, Call: REC-AG-2018, funded by the European Commission. Grant Agreement number: 849199.

Ce rapport est accessible sur demande en contactant l'auteur, Tommaso Vitale, en anglais, français, hongrois, italien, anglais, roumain ou espagnol. Financé par le programme " Droits, égalité et citoyenneté " de l'Union euro-péenne (2014-2020). Sujet : REC-RDIS-DISC-AG-2018 - Appel à propositions pour soutenir des projets nationaux ou transnationaux sur la non-discrimination et l'intégration des Roms. Numéro de la convention de subvention : 849199

The international research project, developed through the collaboration between the University of Chieti and Pescara "G. d'Annunzio" and the École Nationale d'Architecture of Marrakech, aims to explore new strategies for emergency housing, with a focus on technological innovation and the resilience of temporary shelters.
The main goal of the research is to define a more efficient housing module for post-earthquake scenarios, based on the analysis of the most advanced international solutions for first-response shelters. This study has made it possible to identify both the strengths and weaknesses of existing proposals, leading to the development of a housing model capable of improving living conditions during emergency phases.
The objective is to propose an innovative housing module that not only addresses immediate post-disaster needs but is also adaptable to the specific socio-cultural characteristics of the affected populations.
As a result of this work, the "DIVA - Variable Dimension Emergency Shelter" project was developed. This housing model stands out for its ability to adapt to the needs of different emergency phases, offering a versatile and customizable solution that effectively addresses post-earthquake challenges while ensuring respect for cultural specificities and improving quality of life.

This paper aims to analyse the intertwined migrant mobility and the role of
migrants’ memories by comparing different refugee flows arriving in the border
area of Trieste (Italy) in different phases: the Italian exodus after the Second
World War, refugees from the former Yugoslavia in the 1990s, asylum seekers
arriving through the Balkans since 2015, and the more recent Ukrainian dis-
placement (2022). Adopting an ethnographic approach, the main objective is to
identify places, objects or other forms of identity expression in which refugees’
memories are embedded during different stages of displacement. Specifically,
the paper explores how these memories are layered and intertwined with other
migratory transits in the same border area, analysing both presences and
absences through the traces left by migration.

We interviewed community service providers to learn about their use of information to support youth that are or are at risk for homelessness/housing instability. These are the key messages we heard:
1. Make information collection youth centred. Information collection during the intake process can be distressing for youth. Create a safe space for youth to share their journeys, while recognizing that support and relationship building come first. When collecting information, consider how youth would like to be represented. Finally, consider how to represent youth beyond just numbers. Indigenous ways of knowing help create a holistic understanding of youth.
2. Collect information ethically. Informed consent is key to ethical information collection and sharing. Youth need to provide some information to access services but may feel pressured to provide more than they’d like. As well, youth may have varying capacity to provide consent. Consider consent on what type of information may be shared and to whom. Ethical information collection requires deep consideration of how information will be or could be used.
3. Create a culture of effective information use. Build a culture that values information to promote its effective and safe use. Streamline information collection to reduce burden on staff. Make sure staff know the value of what they collect and their role in the process.
4. Build collaborative action. Connect information systems between different funders, to reduce burden on staff and promote collaborative action. Build upon emerging initiatives aiming to break down silos among services providers through information sharing for better communication and collaboration.
5. Community service providers envision a brighter future. Despite existing challenges, community service providers are excited about the future. They see possibilities in the use of information for increased collaboration, system-level learning, and continual learning to better support youth.

This document shares learnings from a literature review of promising practices for administrative data.
Data infrastructure refers to the collection and storage of information; people’s skills, mindsets, and capacity around data; the rules for who can access the information and in what ways; and how the information can be used. Administrative data is information collected by organizations for their operations. It can be linked to other information to help predict and prevent homelessness.