Early Middle Ages (History)

Recherche effectuée et présentée avec Hervé Laurent.
English follows.
En 1973, P.-L. Pelet livre le premier des trois volumes de "Fer Charbon Acier dans le Pays de Vaud". Cet ouvrage fondateur traitant de la fabrication du fer brut par le procédé direct dans un petit secteur du massif du Jura contient des résultats d’analyses radiocarbone qui inaugurent la longue série de dates accumulées au cours des décennies suivantes dans les cantons de Berne, du Jura et de Vaud en Suisse et dans les régions Grand Est et Bourgogne Franche-Comté en France. Totalement inattendu au départ, le haut Moyen Âge (tout particulièrement la période mérovingienne) y fait preuve d’un dynamisme aujourd’hui reconnu sur l’ensemble de ce vaste espace où la production se répartit entre des zones de production intense et, dans une moindre mesure, des ateliers isolés. Ces concentrations de zones sidérurgiques posent de sérieuses questions sur les dynamiques de l’organisation de la production pour tout le premier Moyen Âge, notamment dans la manière dont elles s’insèrent dans les rapports fonciers et les systèmes de domanialité relatifs à ces espaces. À ce titre, les travaux de Gérard Chouquer sur la Bourgogne offrent un éclairage fort pertinent sur la distribution des fiscs. Par exemple, la zone de production de Berthelange ne semble pas relever du fisc, mais plutôt des autorités comtales et épiscopales, alors qu’ailleurs, en Lombardie et en Bavière d’importants districts sidérurgiques étaient bien contrôlés par les fiscs ou monastères impériaux, comme l’ont démontré Maria Elena Cortese et Mathias Hensch. Les résultats de l’étude des rapports fonciers dans lesquels s’insèrent les zones de production sidérurgique appellent donc à considérer les dynamiques de domanialité sur les droits miniers. Nous explorons ainsi deux hypothèses, celle de monopoles royaux concédés à des fidèles et celle d’une pluralité des formes dont l’emboîtement hiérarchique demeure imparfait. Pour explorer ces questions, il est nécessaire d’élargir l’aire géographique considérée à l’ensemble de l’Europe. L’analyse des quelque vingt attestations de droits miniers datant du premier Moyen Âge milite pour la seconde interprétation. En effet, si la prévalence des intérêts fiscaux est manifeste, et ce, depuis le VIe siècle, les VIIIe-IXe siècles offrent des témoignages indéniables de droits tenus par des particuliers ou encore par l’aristocratie, sans que l’on puisse déceler des traces de concessions fiscales. Au terme de ces regards croisés, il ressort des dynamiques variées qui contredisent l’image misérabiliste d’une production du fer localisée et effectuée à temps partiel par des artisans-paysans, mais aussi qui nuancent l’image centralisatrice héritée de l’historiographie sur l’économie domaniale.

Abstract:
In 1973, P.-L. Pelet published the first of three volumes of Fer Charbon Acier dans le Pays de Vaud (Iron, Coal and Steel in the Vaud Region). This seminal work on the production of raw iron using the direct process in a small area of the Jura mountains contains the results of radiocarbon analyses that marked the beginning of a long series of dates accumulated over the following decades in the cantons of Bern, Jura and Vaud in Switzerland and in the Grand Est and Bourgogne Franche-Comté regions of France. Completely unexpected at the outset, the early Middle Ages (particularly the Merovingian period) reveal a dynamism that is now recognised throughout this vast area, where production is divided between areas of intense production and, to a lesser extent, isolated workshops. These concentrations of ironworking areas raise serious questions about the dynamics of production organisation throughout the early Middle Ages, particularly in terms of how they fit into the land tenure and domain systems relating to these areas. In this regard, Gérard Chouquer’s work on Burgundy offers highly relevant insights into the distribution of fiscal authorities. For example, the Berthelange production area does not appear to have been under the control of the fisc, but rather of the count and episcopal authorities, whereas elsewhere, in Lombardy and Bavaria, large ironworking districts were indeed controlled by the fisc or imperial monasteries, as demonstrated by Maria Elena Cortese and Mathias Hensch. The results of the study of land tenure relationships in areas of steel production therefore call for consideration of the dynamics of state ownership of mining rights. We thus explore two hypotheses: that of royal monopolies granted to loyal subjects, and that of a plurality of forms whose hierarchical interlocking remains imperfect. To explore these questions, it is necessary to broaden the geographical area under consideration to include the whole of Europe. An analysis of some twenty attestations of mining rights dating from the early Middle Ages supports the second interpretation. Indeed, while the prevalence of fiscal interests is evident from the 6th century onwards, the 8th and 9th centuries offer undeniable evidence of rights held by individuals or even by the aristocracy, without any trace of fiscal concessions. At the end of these exchanges, a variety of dynamics emerge that contradict the pessimistic image of local iron production carried out part-time by artisan farmers, but also nuance the centralising image inherited from historiography on the manorial economy.

En la línea de las interpretaciones subjetivas del paisaje y la descripción de los tipos y las actividades económicas y sociales del paisanaje, aprovechamos la ocasión que nos brinda este II Congreso para hacer un acercamiento a la obra literaria utilizando los posibles elementos objetivos en los que se inspira el mismo autor. En perspectiva geógrafica, que no literaria, analizamos la descripción de la organización agraria tradicional -tan magistralmente estudiada por J. García Fernández (1976) en la obra publicada por el Instituto de Estudios Asturianos a mediados de la década de los setenta-y la comparamos con las extraordinarias descripciones que de la misma hizo, en los albores del siglo XX, D. Armando y que no han sido utilizadas ni como fuente, ni siquiera como recurso didáctico, por quienes estudian el espacio geográfico y la incidencia de la organización social y las actividades antrópicas en el mismo. Tuvimos la fortuna, a raíz de ver la luz la obra antes citada, de poder consultar toda la documentación de la Familia Riaño-Dorado desde inicios del siglo XVI hasta la primera mitad del siglo XX en que desaparece de hecho el Mayorazgo y poder elaborar una investigación inédita. La propiedad tiene sus orígenes en el capitán Riaño, a las órdenes de Felipe II, continuando como Dorado a partir del S. XVIII y, desapareciendo como propiedad única, con la extinción del Mayorazgo, a mediados del siglo XX. Disfrutamos la oportunidad de poder hacer un seguimiento continuado en los libros de caja familiares, a lo largo de todos estos años, y de

En la línea de las interpretaciones subjetivas del paisaje y la descripción de los tipos y las actividades económicas y sociales del paisanaje, aprovechamos la ocasión que nos brinda este II Congreso para hacer un acercamiento a la obra literaria utilizando los posibles elementos objetivos en los que se inspira el mismo autor. En perspectiva geógrafica, que no literaria, analizamos la descripción de la organización agraria tradicional -tan magistralmente estudiada por J. García Fernández (1976) en la obra publicada por el Instituto de Estudios Asturianos a mediados de la década de los setenta-y la comparamos con las extraordinarias descripciones que de la misma hizo, en los albores del siglo XX, D. Armando y que no han sido utilizadas ni como fuente, ni siquiera como recurso didáctico, por quienes estudian el espacio geográfico y la incidencia de la organización social y las actividades antrópicas en el mismo. Tuvimos la fortuna, a raíz de ver la luz la obra antes citada, de poder consultar toda la documentación de la Familia Riaño-Dorado desde inicios del siglo XVI hasta la primera mitad del siglo XX en que desaparece de hecho el Mayorazgo y poder elaborar una investigación inédita. La propiedad tiene sus orígenes en el capitán Riaño, a las órdenes de Felipe II, continuando como Dorado a partir del S. XVIII y, desapareciendo como propiedad única, con la extinción del Mayorazgo, a mediados del siglo XX. Disfrutamos la oportunidad de poder hacer un seguimiento continuado en los libros de caja familiares, a lo largo de todos estos años, y de

Nachdem durch ein Starkregenereignis 1981 die Ming-zeitliche Pagode eingestürzt war, offenbarte sich 1987 bei Freilegungsarbeiten unter dem buddhistischen Tempel von Famen (Provinz Shaanxi / VR China) eine Schatzkammer aus der Tang-Zeit. Eine Inschriftentafel am Eingang der vorderen Kammer verriet nicht nur, dass sie 874 n. Chr. zum letzten Mal verschlossen worden war, sondern listete auch die zahlreichen dort verwahrten Kunst- und Kulturgegenständen auf. Mitglieder der kaiserlichen Familie und hochrangige Mönche hatten diese über 240 Jahre lang zu Ehren einer Fingerreliquie Buddhas dem Tempel geweiht. Neben Objekten aus vergoldetem Silber, seltener Seladonkeramik und aus fernen Ländern importierten Glaswaren traten auch größere Mengen edler Seiden zutage. Die zu großen Ballen geschichteten Textilien befanden sich nach über einem Jahrtausend Lagerung in der feuchten Umgebung in prekärem Erhaltungszustand. In mehreren vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung finanzierten Teilprojekten arbeitete ein interdisziplinäres Team deutscher und chinesischer Fachleute aus Mainz, München, Münster und Xi’an zwischen 2001 und 2014 am Erhalt und der Untersuchung der einzigartigen Funde. Das Buch stellt die Ergebnisse der exemplarischen Arbeiten an den Seidenfunden vor und vermittelt darüber hinaus Einblicke in Tang-zeitliche Bekleidungssitten, die Organisation der Textilproduktion, Farbstofftechnik und Goldfadenherstellung sowie die Rolle von Seide in Religion und Alltag. ...Hrsg.: Susanne Greiff, Romina Schiavone, Shing Müller, Sun Zhouyong, Hou Gailing. Reihe: LEIZA, RGZM, Monographien 133. ISBN: 978-3-88467-354-6. Bestellung: direkt beim verlag@leiza.de

By discussing the existing scholarly literature as well as analysing the available evidence the paper aims at deconstructing the theory still pervading the Croatian scholarship about the so-called limes maritimus, which has been devised to describe what is seen as an elaborate network of maritime strongholds along the coast and on the islands of the Eastern Adriatic created in the Justinianic Age. The intention is to offer fresh insights and dispel with the theory as a reductive historiographic construct in an attempt to open the Croatian scholarship entrenched in the prevailing Justinian I's limes paradigm to new avenues of thoughts concerning the general militarisation of landscape in the Eastern Adriatic during Late Antiquity.

For over four decades, Abilio Barbero's thesis on the visigothic political theory and the first royal ointments in Western Europe occupied a privileged position among the scholars involved with the theme and its respective derivations in modern historiography. In a very brief way, the thesis defended by Barbero advocated for the idea that the visigothic political theory had undisputedly been the work of Isidoro, bishop of Sevilla (600-636), who presented it by means of the canon law 75 at the 4 th Toledo Council, celebrated in the year 633. The same Council also suggested that visigothic kings should be submitted to infusion by means of the sacred oil, thus confirming their position of power and authority regarding their peers, as a legitimation formula. Based on the disposed in Barbero's work, this doctoral thesis is an attempt to establish a rereading of the problem in light of another historiographic perspective: the Christian royalty understood as a result of political praxeology in the visigothic kingdom of Toledo in the 7 th century. The choice for this chronological cutting is justified because our proposal consists in analyzing theoretical elaborations on power which made the structuring of the Christian Regnum among the visigoths evident. We therefore take as initial framework in this study the visigoths' conversion to Catholicism at the end of the 6 th century, ending in the midst of the 7 th century with Taio de Zaragoza, probably the last representative of the cultural flourishing of post-Isidorian Hispania. Once the processes of the theoretical conception of the christian royalty among the goths were studied, we saught to understand how the choice and legitimation of the king were made before the political society -at that time, basically constituted by the Church and Aristocracy. Presented diachronically, the elements derived from the reading and critical appreciation of the sources led us, in the end, to determine the constituting role of some representatives of the Ecclesia in this process. From reciprocal implications in the exercise of power we conclude that the visigothic political theory did not emerge exclusively by the work of the hispanic bishop, but as a long-term process based on different forms of power relationships which were determined according to their specific realization contexts.

Presentazione delle attività del nuovo a. a. e della Scuola di Studi Medievali, con un focus di relazioni sulla sua storia e sui progetti di ricerca dei borsisti post-doc dell'Istituto e della Giunta Storica Nazionale inerenti alla storia e storiografia del Medioevo e delle istituzioni culturali italiane, che tra XIX e XXI secolo sono state attive anche in dialogo con istituzioni e storici di altri paesi europei e non.

Late antiquity has been characterised in multiple conflicting ways -a period of decline, emergence, transformation, tradition, of dynamism or conservatism, of conflict or collaboration. 'Tempests' might seem to align with the more pessimistic readings of the period but might also speak to the ways that storms reshape landscapes, wash away accretions, or enable new life. Through this talk, I will reflect on these larger characterisations of late antiquity by taking education as a case study for changes into the early middle ages. I will investigate how education of different types -ascetic, philosophical, and ascetic -was supposed to form souls and communities. Imagery of storms, tempests, and upheavals are used in different educational contexts both to underline the necessity of ethical formation through education as a means of control and also as an image of the power of education to shape individuals and societies. Taking education as a 'laboratory of culture', I will explore how storms in education can figure wider cultural dynamics.

Plantear un balance historiográfico sobre el estudio de la delincuencia medieval en Cataluña obliga, en primer lugar, a precisar el marco histórico, porque los estudios sobre este tema, si pretenden ir más allá de la mera descripción, no pueden partir del dato elemental de que existen actos considerados de delincuencia, dado que sólo se puede penetrar en el análisis riguroso mediante el debido enmarque en su contexto jurídico, jurisdiccional y, también, ideológico y conceptual. Y, en segundo lugar, también obliga a conocer el marco social, intelectual e historiográfico que ha motivado y condicionado el análisis histórico desde el siglo XIX hasta nuestros días.

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) is a fast growing plant with a variety of utilizations. Buckwheat grain is used primarily for human consumption but also for livestock feed. Its usages as a green fodder, green manure and bee pasture are also worth mentioning. Because of its rapid growth buckwheat can be grown as a second crop as well. It is a low input plant, it does not often require direct fertilization or plant protection measures therefore it is appropriate for growing organically. These parameters can make buckwheat more attractive for not only Hungarian, but also for other European farmers. In this paper the history and state of buckwheat production are reviewed and the production practices are detailed.

This module traces the development of music across the Middle Ages (ca. 450–1450), from the rise of Gregorian chant and polyphony to the flourishing of secular traditions like the troubadours, trouvères, Minnesingers, and Italian Trecento. It explores the interplay between sacred and secular expression within broader social, political, and cultural shifts, including the Crusades, the Avignon Papacy, and the rise of universities and guilds. Highlighting key innovations such as the Ars Nova, isorhythmic motet, and early cyclic Mass, the module situates medieval music as the foundation for the Renaissance and the shaping of European musical identity.

Neste trabalho, tratarei de analisar a única obra de Ari
Þorgilsson que chegou à nossa contemporaneidade, o
Íslendingabók. Antes de mergulhar nesse, no entanto, trato de
explicar do que se tratam as aproximadamente dez páginas que
compõem um dos mais antigos escritos, compostos em Islandês
Medieval.

This article addresses how the newly established Islamic imperial power-with its new religious identity-adapted or rejected previous Late Antique rituals, insignia, and court representations in the Iberian Peninsula. The article focuses especially on sources that deal with these representations under the Umayyad Emirate and Caliphate (756-1031). It employs a comparative perspective with the Visigothic Kingdom of Toledo (mid-sixth century-711) to evaluate the adoption, reassessment, or rejection of previous models. It also considers exemplary cases that took place after the Islamic conquest of 711 through the so-called period of the governors (711-756). Based on written and material sources, such as pictorial representations, coins, ceramics, ivories, votive crowns, and textiles, the article evaluates the Peninsular context prior to the arrival of Islam and the development of these models throughout the Umayyad period.

El presente trabajo aborda la delincuencia que fue sujeta a punición
económica en la ciudad de Valencia durante casi cien años, entre los siglos XIV y XV. Este estudio ha sido realizado a partir del trabajo de una fuente documental seriada como son los libros de cuentas del tribunal de la justicia criminal, conservados en la sección de Mestre Racional, unos registros donde aparecen multados en su amplia mayoría los miembros de las clases populares. Se presenta una aproximación estadística a partir de la cuantificación de aquellos delitos que fueron sujetos a penas pecuniarias y se compara con la cantidad de delitos que, a través de las diligencias presentadas ante la curia criminal, fueron planteados y notificados en los libros de cédulas. Por otra parte, se ofrece
una aproximación de la capacidad fiscal de este tribunal mediante la computación de las sanciones económicas que la magistratura ingresaba mediante multas. Asimismo, se cifra la cantidad de penas públicas que durante la cronología del siglo XV fueron aplicadas y se detallan sus causas. Finalmente, se recogen unas valoraciones finales en relación con los índices de criminalidad de la capital valenciana.

This paper explores how ethnic identities in post-Roman Europe were not inherited but strategically constructed. It shows that the collapse of imperial structures, rather than invasions alone, enabled new groups like the Franks and Goths to emerge through flexible “strategies of distinction.”

Dans ces pages dédiés à la ville de L'Aquila et, plus généralement, à la région des Abruzzes si durement touchée par le tremblement de terre de 2009, j'aimerais revenir, à travers l'exemple de S. Bartolomeo di Carpineto, sur quelques problèmes posés par les monastères privés et leur place dans l'économie du sacré en Italie centro-méridionale. Nous sommes particulièrement bien informés sur ce monastère privé de taille modeste grâce à la chronique écrite à la fin du XII e siècle et au début du XIII e siècle par le moine Alessandro. 1 L'excellente édition de B. Pio a clairement et définitivement fait le point sur un certain nombre de points essentiels en resituant l'auteur dans le contexte de la production documentaire du temps. Alessandro appartient au groupe des cartularistes ayant aussi exercé des fonctions administratives de commandement à l'intérieur de leur établissement et qui, devenus des spécialistes des questions liées au temporel et à sa gestion, étaient particulièrement bien placés pour écrire l'histoire du monastère où ils vivaient et priaient. La chronique d'Alessandro ressortit au genre bien repéré et bien connu des Chronica qui constituèrent l'une des spécificités de la production intellectuelle de l'Italie centro-méridionale au XII e siècle. 2

The Former Pedagogical Academy Building in Maribor

The article focuses on the building of the former Pedagogical Academy in Maribor, which now houses its successor institutions: the Faculty of Education, the Faculty of Arts, and the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics. Constructed between 1975 and 1978 based on the designs of architect Branko Kocmut, the building represents one of the finest examples of Slovenian modernist school architecture. Nevertheless, it has remained largely overlooked in previous architectural research. The article discusses the building from both architectural and functional perspectives, with special emphasis on its notable qualities, some of which have been partially obscured by later, unregulated alterations.

удк 904(367)''0'' I 87 Відповідальні редактори: я. в. володарець-урБаНовиЧ, кандидат історичних наук с. а. горБаНеНко, кандидат історичних наук Н. с. аБаШиНа, кандидат історичних наук в. с. вяргеЙ, кандидат історичних наук і. о. гавритухіН, старший науковий співробітник м. м. казаНськиЙ, хабілітований доктор в. в. колода, кандидат історичних наук о. в. комар, кандидат історичних наук Є. коматарова-БаліНова, кандидат історичних наук Ф. курта, доктор наук т. р. миляН, кандидат історичних наук л. П. михаЙлиНа, доктор історичних наук а. м. оБломськиЙ, доктор історичних наук м. ПарЧевськиЙ, доктор історичних наук о. в. Петраускас, кандидат історичних наук с. в. Пивоваров, доктор історичних наук я. в. ПогоральськиЙ, кандидат історичних наук Б. а. ПрищеПа, доктор історичних наук Ю. о. Пуголовок, кандидат історичних наук в. Є. родіНкова, кандидат історичних наук Є. в. сиНиця, кандидат історичних наук і. стаНціу, доктор давньої історії і археології м. П. тельНов, доктор історичних наук р. в. терПиловськиЙ, доктор історичних наук я. хасіл, доктор філософії о. о. щеглова, кандидат історичних наук

antropología o el derecho se interesaran por estudiar el mundo del crimen, la sociedad ya mostró su fascinación por conocerlo, a través de sus protagonistas, de sus víctimas y de sus hechos más truculentos. Esa atracción social por el crimen se remonta a los siglos de la Edad Moderna, cuando se difundían entre el pueblo los romances de ciego y los pliegos de cordel en España y Latinoamérica 1 , la bibliothèque bleue o littérature de colportage en Francia 2 o los chapbook en Inglaterra 3 . En el siglo XIX la narrativa sobre la criminalidad de la época adquiriría una importancia inusitada, al punto de que se podría decir que el crimen se haría literatura. Un ejemplo fueron las memorias de Eugéne-François Vidocq (1775-1 Sobre este tipo de literatura se puede mencionar el proyecto Mapping Pliegos coordinado por Inmaculada Casas-Delgado (). 2 Entre los estudios clásicos se pueden citar, por ejemplo: Mandrou, De la culture populaire; Chartier, Lectures et lecteurs; Delcourt & Parinet (eds.), La Bibliothèque bleue et les littératures de colportage; Andries & Bollème (dirs.), La bibliothèque bleus: la littérature de colportage. 3 De la extensa bibliografía se mencionan algunos ejemplos, como Neuburg, Chapbooks; Neuburg, Chapbooks; Spufford, Small Books and Pleasant Histories; o el Proyecto Chapbook collection de la McGill Library ().

Cercetările arheologice de suprafaţă întreprinse în data de 05.04.1999 pe teritoriul comunei Dragomireşti Vale s-au încheiat cu descoperirea mai multor situri arheologice. În perioada 29 mai-02 iunie 1999, cu colaborarea voluntară a unui grup de elevi de la Liceul din Dragomireşti Vale, au fost iniţiate sondaje arheologice în două dintre aceste situri amplasate pe terasa înaltă a Dâmboviţei, la nord-vest de cimitirul localităţii. Obiectivele acestor investigaţii au fost obţinerea unor informaţii despre complexele de locuire şi salvarea materialului arheologic puse în primejdie de săpăturile făcute de localni~i pentru obţinerea pământului castaniu utilizat în gospodării. In colţul de nord-vest al platoului amintit, la aproximativ 350 m nord-vest de cimitir, au fost trasate două casete, notate C l şi C2. Se urmărea în acest fel cercetarea unei locuinţe (din secolele IX-X) al cărei cuptor din lut fusese deja distrus parţial. Laturile perpendiculare pe cursul Dîmboviţei aveau orientarea NE 24° I SV 204°. Ambele casete aveau câte o deschidere către râpa unde se găsise complexul arheologic menţionat. Caseta l avea laturile de 3,40 x 3,40 x 2,90 m, iar caseta 2 avea 3,40 x l ,OOm. Intre cele două suprafeţe a fost lăsat un martor, lung de 3,40 m şi lat de 0,35m.(Fig. I) Pe acelaşi platou, la numai 150 m nord vest de cimitirul amintit, a fost trasată caseta 3. Aceasta avea lungimea de 4,00 m, lăţimea de 2,00 m şi era orientată NE 30° I SV 210°. Până la adâncimea de 0,30 m au fost găsite numai fragmente ceramice de vase din secolele XVlll-XIX. Datorită insuficienţei forţei de muncă s-a sistat lucrul în caseta 3, unde complexul arheologic nu era în pericol imediat. În primăvara anului 2001 a fost efectuată o nouă deplasare în zonă, ocazie ce a prilejuit reperarea unei dungi de arsură în ruptura malului: din primele investigaţii se pare că ne aflăm în faţă unei vetre deschise ce aparţine unei locuinţe de suprafaţă.

Circulation of coinage involves not only travel through space but also movement in time: coins enter circulation, then circulate for a longer or shorter amount of time, with greater or lesser intervals of immobility, and finally leave circulation. The amount of time that coins are in circulation is an essential factor determining the monetary supply of the economy. For the Visigothic kingdom of the early medieval Iberian Peninsula, the evidence of coinage is particularly important for studying the economy, since other information is very limited. This paper discusses the assumptions involved in modeling circulating lifetime and evaluates the possibilities relative to the limited hoard evidence available for the Visigothic kingdom. On this basis, it is suggested that Visigothic gold coins left circulation more rapidly than expected under an exponential model.

Abstract: The artide addresses the problem of dating the census of Slavic tribes referred to as the Bava- rian Geographer and the purpose of the text itself.lt points to new findi ngs related to the connection of thetextwith the remainingcontentofthe restoftheentire manuscript, andpalaeographicdecisions regarding its dating and- indirectly-the time of its creation.
Keywords: Bavarian Geographer, Central Europę in the 9th century, SIavicterritories, tribes of the early Middle Ages

Questo volume è stato realizzato con il contributo del Centre d'étude des Mondes antiques (CEMA), dell'Institut des civilisations, arts et lettres (INCAL) No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm or any other means without written permission of the copyright owner. Immagine di copertina: ricostruzione 3D ortografica in spaccato relativa al complesso monumentale Sala triabsidata -Ambulatio polylobata presso la villa tardoantica di Aiano, San Gimignano (SI); disegno di D. Ferdani (CNR -Roma). Vendita e diffusione: www.i6doc.com per l'edizione on line Su ordine in libreria o presso Diffusion universitaire CIACO Grand-Rue,

Произошедший после арабского нашествия разрыв в персидской литературной традиции и её последовавшее за тем новое рождение тесно сопряжены с культурным освоением собственного прошлого. В это время в персидской литературе формируется литературная тема славного прошлого, в которой нашла своё выражение культурная память о временах, предшествовавших исламу. В эпических поэмах авторы указывают в качестве источника сюжета на хранителя памяти о прошлом, который является собирательным образом представителей социальных слоёв, ассоциировавшихся с доисламскими временами, т.е. иранской аристократии и зороастрийского жречества. В настоящей статье предпринята попытка проследить особенности поэтического «ритуала воспоминания» прошлого, представленного в первую очередь в «Шах-наме», а также и в других памятниках раннеклассической персидской литературы; выявить ряд профессионалов-помощников поэта в деле воспоминания о делах доисламского прошлого, их предполагаемый социальный статус и происхождение, а также определить роль пехлевийского языка как инструмента архаизации истории.

Le lapidaire de l'ancienne abbaye de Saint-Roman, Sylvain DEMARTHE, Géraldine MALLET Les inscriptions lapidaires de l'ancienne abbaye Saint-Roman-de-l'Aiguille, Sylvie CHAUVAIN-MARC Les céramiques du site de l'abbaye de Saint-Roman. Un corpus hétérogène, Coline ROUVIER Aperçu des pratiques funéraires médiévales du cimetière de l'abbaye de Saint-Roman : résultats de l'étude archéoanthropologique -Campagne 2020, Chloé GIRARDI 3. Saint-Roman et la genèse des sites monastiques dans la Basse-vallée du Rhône (IXe-XIe siècles) Le « monachisme rhodanien » : un concept utile à l'historiographie du XXIe siècle ? Laurent RIPART Les catacombes romaines, dépositaires de la mémoire des martyrs et pourvoyeuses de leurs reliques (IIIe-IXe siècles), Jean GUYON A la recherche d'un patronage : saint Romain à Saint-Roman Fernand PELOUX Culte et circulation des reliques en Provence-Languedoc au Moyen Âge, une approche globale, Edina BOZOKY Saint-Roman, Psalmodi et Saint-Victor de Marseille : la question de l'abbé Garnier, Eliana MAGNANI 4. Sites monastiques du diocèse d' Arles et d'ailleurs (Xe-XIIe siécles) Un sanctuaire souterrain de confins diocésains. Saint-Émilion en Bordelais aux XIe et XIIe siècles, Frédéric BOUTOULLE Le monastère de Carluc (Céreste, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) au second âge roman : structures rupestres et dévotions monastiques, Yann CODOU Montmajour et le troglodytisme monastique, Andreas HARTMANN-VIRNICH Quelle place pour les morts ? Monastères, espaces funéraires et domination territoriale de l'Occident médiéval à l'archevêché d'Arles entre le XIe et le XIIe siècle. Michel LAUWERS Les collèges des studia de Cahors et Toulouse sous Urbain V (1362-1370) -Etat des lieux,

Marina Simek (glavni i odgovorni urednik), Darko Sadii (tehnidki urednik), Miroslav Klemm, Dragutin Feletar, Marljan Spoljar, Bra- nimir Simek Muzejski vjesnik izlazi powemeno, a najmanje Jednom godiSnje. Rukopise ne honorlramo i ne wadamo. easopls solldarno financl- raju muzeji sjeverozapadne Hrvatske.

The paper examines the dedicatory poem In basilica, attributed to Martin of Braga († 579), analysing its role as a historical source for early Slavic history. Since the poem contains a catalogue of peoples in which Slavs are mentioned among various gentes, In basilica is often cited as evidence of Slavic presence in Pannonia and/or Central Europe in the early 6th century, an argument also espoused by Jaroslav Šašel. The paper therefore re-evaluates Martin’s poem In basilica, while seeking to contextualize his knowledge of the Slavs. It concludes that the catalogue of peoples in the poem primarily serves a rhetorical function, severely limiting its significance for early Slavic history.

Updating an earlier article. About the Mortain casket and Franks' casket. In this article, I attempt to demonstrate that the runic text on the objects may have a West Germanic origin, rather than an Anglo-Saxon one. Both caskets are currently in France (and one part of Frank's casket is in Italy). The caskets most likely date from the seventh to eighth century.

mości bibliograficzne i sygnatury archiwalne pozostałych znanych odcisków, ułatwiające prowadzenie dalszych badań. Korpus średniowiecznych pieczęci francuskich, czerpiąc z dziewiętnastowiecznego, a nieraz i starszego dorobku, pokazuje, jak ważną i ciągle aktualną potrzebą jest edycja źródeł historycznych w nowoczesnym wydaniu. Przewijającym się gdzieniegdzie życzeniem Wydawców była wysoka estetyka wydawnictwa i przyjemność, płynąca dla czytelnika z zapoznawania się za jego pośrednictwem ze średniowiecznymi pieczęciami. Mimo że życzenie to padło ofiarą kpin recenzenta, kończąc rozważania, trzeba przyznać bez cienia ironii, że cel ten jak najbardziej udało się osiągnąć.

Anul 2019 aduce, pentru iubitorii istoriei medievale a Transilvaniei, contribuţia privitoare la viaţa celui ce, pentru o vreme, a ţinut în mâna sa întreaga putere a Transilvaniei-cardinalul Gheorghe Martinuzzi Utyeszenics, semnată de prof. Adriano Pappo şi Gizella Nemeth Papo, ambii licenţiaţi în Istorie la Universitatea din Trieste. Despre cei doi autori se pot spune foarte multe, începând cu publicaţiile privind viaţa unor personalităţi marcante din istoria medievală europeană, precum Ludovico Gritti, până la forurile superioare ai căror membri sunt, şi mă refer aici la Academia Ungară de Ştiinţe, respectiv Societatea Ungară de Istorie. În privinţa cărţii de faţă, trebuie spus că ea reuneşte în formă revizuită două volume mai vechi ale autorilor privitoare la viaţa lui Gheorghe Martinuzzi. Traducerea în limba română este semnată de Raluca Lazarovici Vereş. Lucrarea este structurată în şase capitole, organizate în jurul carierei politicoadministrative a celui care a deţinut funcţia de guvernator al Transilvaniei, judecător suprem şi, trebuie menţionat de la început, că sursele din arhiva vieneză şi cea maghiară, îi conferă volumului caracterul ştiinţific, însă datorită capacităţii autorilor de a transpune informaţia, cartea poate fi citită şi de cei care nu sunt discipoli fideli ai muzei Clio. Este bine de ştiut că istoriografia europeană a înregistrat lucrări privitoare la viaţa lui Martinuzzi încă din secolul al XVIII-lea 1 , însă ele sunt accesibile doar cunoscătorilor de limbă franceză, germană, respectiv maghiară. Publicarea sintezei de faţă în limba română, având la bază bogatul fond documentar prelucrat, face disponibile aceste informaţii şi cititorilor din România 2. În prefaţa semnată de prof. univ. dr. Sorin Şipoş ni se atrage atenţia asupra perioadei tulburi din istoria Transilvaniei, în care s-a afirmat şi figura centrală a cărţii şi a necesităţii unei astfel de analize: documentată şi neromanţată. În primul capitol al volumului îl descoperim pe tânărul Juraj (numele de botez al lui Martinuzzi), de origine croată, născut la 18 iunie 1482, în Kamičac, localitate situată pe malul stâng al râului Krka, din părinţii Gregor şi Ana. De asemenea, aflăm că Martinuzzi este forma latinizată a numelui de familie al mamei, Martinušević. Se insistă şi asupra numelui de familie al tatălui Utišenić-Utiešenović-Utješenović

In the pre-industrial era, wood (timber) was the most important energy source and building material. In the eighteenth century, various parts of Europe, including the Habsburg province of Transylvania, witnessed a wood crisis. It prompted the authorities to introduce measures against the abuse of forests, and to regulate access to them. In Transylvania, the measures introduced by governor Seeberg, followed by the 1781 Forestry Ordinance, caused conflicts between peasants, nobles, townsfolk, soldiers and the mining administration. Some of the bitterest conflicts over wood, such as those in the mining area of Rodna, occurred in the militarised zone of the province.

The medieval settlement of Pricaz-În Luncă (Hunedoara County) was investigated in 2011. Over 700 archaeological features were excavated, most of them being dated to the Arpadian Age. Feature 528, a pit-house found in the central area of the settlement, stands out through the richness of its metal inventory. A radiocarbon analysis conducted in 2017 indicated that the feature dates from the mid-to late thirteenth century. The article aims to analyse the metal inventory discovered in Feature 528 (fragments of copper vessels, scabbard chapes, sheath fittings, horseshoes, bits, knives, shears, nails, staples, unidentified objects) and their links with similar discoveries in Transylvania and neighbouring territories.

Le maioliche del Rinascimento (28): Tipologie e prime ipotesi sulla ricostruzione del mercato 6 Si fa riferimento ai materiali emersi dallo scavo presso la Biblioteca Magliabechiana, in particolare alla maiolica recuperata durante lo svuotamento del pozzo sito in Q2, oggetto di studio da parte di chi scrive. 7 Cfr. CAROSCIO in questo volume.

Discourses of physical and spiritual health were intricately entwined in the Middle Ages, shaping intellectual concepts as well as actual treatment. The allegory of Christ as Divine Physician is an example of this intersection: it appears frequently in both medical and religious writings as a powerful figure of healing and salvation, and was invoked by dissidents and reformists in religious controversies. Drawing on previously unexplored manuscript material, this book examines the use of the Christus Medicus tradition during a period of religious turbulence. Via an interdisciplinary analysis of literature, sermons, and medical texts, it shows that Wycliffites in England and Hussites in Bohemia used concepts developed in hospital settings to press for increased lay access to Scripture and the sacraments against the strictures of the Church hierarchy. Tracing a story of reform and controversy from localised institutional contexts to two of the most important pan-European councils of the fifteenth century, Constance and Basel, it argues that at a point when the body of the Church was strained by multiple popes, heretics and schismatics, the allegory came into increasing use to restore health and order. This book consists of five chapters, index, bibliography and introduction. demonstrates the concept that discourses on physical and spiritual help in the Middle Ages were inextricably linked. While the concept of Christus Medicus has often been studied in the Early Middle Ages, this is not the case for the Late Middle Ages (1300-1500). Even rarer is the implementation of Christ as physician in relation to the religious controversies of the Late Middle Ages. Using previously unstudied manuscripts and an interdisciplinary approach that examines literature, sermons, and medical texts, Outhwaite takes the reader on a journey through the "tradition of Christ the physician" during the Reformation, beginning at the institutional level and ending with the pan-European Councils of Constance and Basel. The book explicitly examines the situations in Prague, England, and Basel. Using extensive Czech literature, he also incorporates that aspect of historiography, rather than limiting himself to English and German literature. The book begins with an introduction in which the author rightly focuses on the most famous divine physician: Asklepios.