Diaspora and transnationalism

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the life and work of Hasan Oraltay, a central figure in the twentieth-century Kazakh diaspora and the foundational historian of its anti-Soviet, anti-communist intellectual tradition. This study addresses the key question of how, under the rigid ideological control and censorship of the Soviet regime, an alternative historical narrative for the Kazakh people was constructed and effectively disseminated. The key issues investigated include the systematic distortion of Kazakh history by official Soviet historiography, the suppression of the history of Kazakhs outside the USSR, and the role of the diaspora in preserving national consciousness. This research conducts a systematic analysis of H. Oraltay's major published works, declassified archival documents from his personal collection, and the broadcast records of Radio Azattyq (RFE/RL). The central thesis argues that Hasan Oraltay was not merely a publicist, but the principal architect of the Kazakh diaspora's historiography. His work is presented as a deliberate, strategic project to build a counter-narrative founded on three pillars: first, the transformation of the collective trauma of the Great Kazakh Exodus into a heroic epic of a struggle for freedom; second, the restoration of historical continuity by linking the mid-century national liberation struggle to the state-building legacy of the Alash movement; and third, the masterful use of Cold War media, specifically Radio Azattyq, to broadcast this narrative into Soviet Kazakhstan. The article concludes that H. Oraltay, acting as an "intellectual warrior", successfully forged and propagated a coherent alternative vision of the Kazakh past, which played a crucial role in preserving historical memory for the diaspora and nurturing the national consciousness that underpinned Kazakhstan's post-1991 intellectual revival.

The article analyzes the main characteristics and trends in the dynamics of religiosity among provincial students using the example of students at National Research Mordovia State University. Based on a comparison of the data from the 2027 and 2025 questionnaires, changes in the level and degree of religiosity are characterized according to the main parameters of the multidimensional approach of C. Glock and R. Stark, the subjective significance of religious norms of behavior is assessed, and the main trends in students' assessment of the role and functions of religion in modern Russian society are identified. The authors of the article characterize the religiosity of students as a whole as "fuzzy", privatized and distanced in relation to the institutional forms of religion with which individuals identify themselves on the basis of cultural tradition, and conclude that the identified complex of characteristics of religiosity among students is stable. Despite a slight decrease in religiosity noted by researchers in other regions, religious students as a whole remain above average in terms of faith and experience, while remaining relatively low in terms of ritualistic, intellectual and behavioural dimensions (though not lower than in the region as a whole). In particular, the consistently declared recognition by students of the public role of religion as a social regulator and a means of transmitting cultural values does not give grounds to conclude that it is possible to change their behavior in everyday life through the authority of traditional religions and micro-level relations with their bearers. Using the example of this social category, it is clearly seen how modern believers consider religion not as a set of ready-made prescriptions, but as a guideline for individual moral choice and a means of solving an individual's existential problems.

On October 9–10, 2025, ACM will host an international and interdisciplinary Workshop on “Art & Representations in/of Exile: Marseille and Lampedusa.”
Organized by an ACM multidisciplinary team (Dr Yumna Masarwa + Dr Erin Yunes + Dr Francesco Colin + Matthew Gernt) , this two-day event will bring together artists, scholars, activists, filmmakers, translators, literary critics, sociologists, and anthropologists to explore how art engages with themes of migration, exile and representation. The program includes panels, roundtables, performances, workshops, and film screenings, creating a space for dialogue across disciplines.

Zionism is both an idea and a lived experience, shaped by centuries of displacement and the search for safety. In the late nineteenth century it rose as a response to deep currents of antisemitism and as an attempt to turn a long-held dream of return into political reality. For many Jews it offered a vision of dignity and belonging; for others, especially Palestinians, it marked the beginning of loss and dislocation. This report follows the development of Zionism from its earliest roots through the creation of Israel and into the present, tracing the different forms it has taken: secular, religious, socialist, and nationalist. It also considers how Zionism became intertwined with Judaism in public debate, and how charges of antisemitism have sometimes been used to shield it from criticism. Above all, the report aims to place Zionism in context, as a movement that has inspired hope and resilience while also fueling conflict and division, a movement whose legacy continues to shape arguments over identity, justice, and power in the modern world.

Uma experiência em um país multiétnico A grande comissão da Igreja Adventista do Sétimo Dia (IASD) no tempo do fim é proclamar o evangelho eterno "a toda nação, e tribo, e língua, e povo" (Ap. 12:6). Essa obra global começou timidamente, após o grande desapontamento de 1844, quando surgiu o movimento adventista sabatista, que recebeu a ordem de profetizar "outra vez a muitos povos, e nações, e línguas, e reis" (Ap 10:11). Atualmente os adventistas pregam em 516 idiomas e tem presença em 2012 países, dos 237 reconhecidos pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU). Além disso, publicam livros e revistas em 331 línguas e dialetos. 1 A alguns anos, participei modestamente de um projeto inesquecível, num país multiétnico. Em 2008 fiz uma das viagens mais emocionantes da vida. Saí de Juazeiro do Norte, no Ceará, rumo a Cochabamba, na Bolívia. Foi minha primeira viagem ao exterior. No trajeto, tive contato com falantes da língua espanhola e de outros idiomas nativos daquele país 2. A Nova Constituição Política do Estado Boliviano 3 , promulgada em 2009, reconhece 36 idiomas oficiais, sendo o espanhol, quéchua, o aymara e o guarani os mais falados pelos 11 milhões de habitantes do país mais indígena da América Latina 4 .

This paper examines the thematic interplay of hybridity and identity in selected short stories by Jhumpa Lahiri. Lahiri's fiction, focused on the Indian diasporic experience in the United States, explores how migration, cultural dislocation, intergenerational tensions, and bilingual/bicultural existence shape subjectivity. Drawing on postcolonial theories of hybridity and cultural identity (Bhabha, Hall), the study conducts close readings of five short stories to analyse how Lahiri represents identity as negotiated, fractured, and performative. The paper argues that Lahiri's narratives offer nuanced portrayals of diasporic subjectivity: identity emerges as static belonging and an ongoing negotiation between memory and adaptation, tradition and modernity, private longing and public assimilation. The conclusion discusses the ethical and emotional dimensions of diasporic belonging in Lahiri's oeuvre and suggests directions for future research into narrative form and language as sites of hybridity.

This essay focuses on the dynamic role of material culture in reflecting individuals' identities. It aims to highlight the importance of making and remaking material objects and examines the emotional impacts of objects. It also places on the individual's identities by drawing on the interplay of "posthumanism" and "nonessentialist" standpoints. For this study, three research participants, two male and one female, narrated their stories and explained how their identities had been influenced by the objects they used and the places they visited. The analysis in this essay is part of a larger project that looks at identity negotiation and navigation within a group of Iraqi Kurdish migrants in the United Kingdom. The findings reveal a robust association between humans, material possessions, and places. Hitherto, neither persons nor objects can withstand alone since the two function together and are intertwined in many respects. They are associated with deep emotional investment and powerfully influence an individual's identity, emotions, and well-being. To the participants, objects are material capsules that make places "sticky"; they are a connecting product that links the feeling, sites, and landscapes from the past in establishing a better future.

“Thanatic Ethics: The Circulation of Bodies in Migratory Spaces” explores themes related to death in migration. After several series of webinars, four workshops, and four international conferences in Oxford, Kolkata, Hong Kong and Paris, between October 2020 and October 2024, this international, transdisciplinary project is now seeking proposals for Workshop #5, to be held at The American College of the Mediterranean (ACM) in Aix-en-Provence, titled “Art and Representations in/of Exile: Marseille and Lampedusa”. Workshop #5 focuses on exploring art as a lens for understanding the experiences of migration, death in migration, and exile, approached from both interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary perspectives encompassing the social sciences, humanities, and the arts.

The experience of migration and exile is shaped not only by physical and emotional movement in space and in time, but also by the narratives, policies, and artistic expressions that define how displacement is experienced, understood, and represented. Artists, journalists, activists, researchers, and policymakers play a crucial role in documenting, interrogating, and shaping these narratives. While some of them portray a stereotypical picture of migration and exile, others offer alternative perspectives to these dominant discourses. Artistic practices are particularly fit to illustrate the tensions between displacement and belonging, loss and resilience, movement and containment. Increasingly, social scientists collaborate and build partnerships with creative practitioners to disseminate their research through artistic media and achieve a broader impact. Likewise, putting the voices of migrants and refugees at the fore of academic production and policymaking has been instrumental to produce alternative meanings and representations that challenge dehumanizing narratives. In this context, the condition of the possibility and impossibility of return becomes a central concern—not only in the lived realities of migrants but also in the ways these experiences are mediated and communicated, shaping the narrative of migration.

Workshop #5 will explore how artistic practices engage with migration and exile, with the witnessing of death in migration, and its diverse representations. Beyond discussing the role of art and artists in migration and exile, this workshop investigates how activists, scholars, researchers, and other actors engage with artistic practices in this field. For instance, this includes academic inquiries on the representation of migration and exile in mainstream media and online fora, political discourse, and policymaking. Concurrently, this workshop explores how community organizations and advocacy groups rely on art and collaborate with artists in their activism, while also creating a space to discuss how artists in exile transpose their experiences into artistic practices.

The focus on two specific sites, Lampedusa and Marseille, is deliberate. Lampedusa, as a key point of arrival and humanitarian crisis, has become symbolic of both the hope and tragedy of migration, raising questions about representation, witnessing, and accountability. Not only did this small island become a common element in the trajectory of many migrants and refugees that reached Europe’s shores, but it also produced a wealth of images that framed mainstream social and political debates on migration and exile. Meanwhile, Marseille—a city that upholds migration as a core part of its founding identity— provides numerous opportunities to observe the contradictions around migration and exile. Its population has been shaped by centuries of migration, which exponentially increased as Marseille became a pivotal point in France’s colonial empire in the Mediterranean. As a city that is either represented as an exemplary case of multiculturalism and integration, capable of welcoming migrants and refugees regardless of their origin, or a place of segregation and intractable socio-economic divisions, Marseille provides the invaluable opportunity of investigating how cultural production documents, challenges, and influences the experiences of exile and settlement.

En este artículo analizo el proyecto Pantone
Humanæ de la fotógrafa brasileña Angélica
Dass en clave de su representación de la diversidad humana y su construcción del racismo.
Según su autora, el proyecto artístico buscó
documentar los «verdaderos colores de la humanidad», no las etiquetas: blanco, negro, rojo
y amarillo asociadas al imaginario sobre lo racial. Propongo identificar las concepciones
de raza, cuerpo, color en las que se inscribe la
obra para explorar de qué forma el racismo en tanto matriz de opresión, precisa ser abordado
social y culturalmente.
Utilicé como fuentes las fotografías del proyecto y la entrevista a la autora para dar cuenta
de esta discusión, articulada con perspectivas antropológicas latinoamericanas sobre
el racismo.

Данная книга посвящена всестороннему исследованию атеистического мировоззрения как философского, научного и культурного феномена. Автор не ставит перед собой задачу апологетической защиты религиозного мировоззрения. Его цель - в критическом осмыслении атеизма с использованием современного философского инструментария, логического анализа и междисциплинарных подходов. Задача автора - показать, что атеистическая картина мира, претендующая на полноту объяснения реальности, сталкивается с серьезными затруднениями в ряде фундаментальных вопросов человеческого бытия.В книге будут рассмотрены различные формы атеистического мышления, от древних его проявлений до современных вариаций. Настоящая книга адресована широкому кругу читателей – от профессиональных философов и ученых до всех, кто интересуется глубинными вопросами мироустройства.

This article discusses the multifaceted challenges faced in teaching English in India. English language plays an essential role in our lives as it helps in communication. As we know it is the main language for studying any subject all over the world. It plays an important role in providing job opportunities. Teaching English language in India is always a challenging to language teachers because the students do not take it English as a language but accept it as a subject. The study's findings show that many factors obstruct the quality of English teaching and learning: The teaching of English in India is not in accordance with the aims of teaching English. Many times, neither the teacher nor the student is acquainted English. Generally, the language teacher's wants that his students should pass the examination. The main aims, in this way, get neglected. Mother tongue influence is another major challenge while teaching English to students in India because Indian languages and English have different phonetic structures. Effective teacher training programs should provide teachers with necessary skills to teach the English and should focus on rectifying the problems in teaching and learning English in India.

The quest of searching for a true religion had always been prioritized by the clan of humans. Since the civilization had begun people started bifurcating themselves as nobles and commoners. The citadel was built for the noble men and the lower town for the meagre commoners. But eventually when these mystics and philanthropists dwelled into the idea of conceptualizing what true religion means to the humanity, they literally figured a way out for the chaotic community to believe in the Supramental tendency. It indeed had been a pleasure seeking towards a quest of true religion. While we were engrossed in the idea of how to emulsify ourselves into technologically upheaved world and revolutionaries our ideas for becoming the high-tech nations we lost the very essence of humanity. Rabindranath Tagore's one of the major works; the chapters which had been included in the book The Religion of Man comprises of the Hibbert Lectures delivered in Oxford is the glimpse of what Gurudeb thought of Religion and its connectivity to human soul. Not only this work comprises of the major realms of the human life but also it has covered the core structure of spiritual freedom.

This community art project invites the public to gather around a giant Palestinian flag – made from 20 keffiyehs sewn together – and stitch messages of support into its fabric. It draws on Tatreez, a cultural practice in which women embroider symbols of history, memory, and place — motifs that tell stories linked to their lives and connection to the land. The scale of the flag presents a landscape of loss faced by Palestinians, with the table providing a base echoing the hospitality inherent to their culture. Singers accompany stitchers with celebrations of, and lamentations for, the homeland. Videos show the rich living traditions of dance, textiles, food and tending olive groves. Sometimes the stitch session is followed by a shared meal around the table, or the public is offered olives, dates, nuts, coffee and sage tea. At other events, participants are seated on mats, echoing a traditional domestic gathering space where women work together. While the ongoing tragedy of distant conflict remains ever-present, each fellowship of stitchers shares stories of an enduring culture and facts that are often omitted by mainstream media.

Most Rohingyas are not considered Myanmar's citizens. The infamous 1982 Citizenship Act does not accept the Rohingyas as a qualified ethnic group and strips them of their citizenship. It confirms the state's narrative that they are 'foreigners, 'illegal migrants', or 'Bengalis.' The precariousness of their legal identity continues to loom large even though they took refuge in Bangladesh, crossing international boundaries. The host government has not recognized them as refugees, denying access to basic human rights in the process. It comes up with a new jargon to identify the Rohingyas as 'Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals or 'FDMN.' To address the needs of this vulnerable group, Bangladesh has conducted bilateral discussions with Myanmar and formalized a repatriation agreement in November 2017. Both attempts of repatriation made in 2018 and 2019 completely failed, largely due to Rohingya survivors' unwillingness to go back to their homeland, which they believe is still not secure for them. This complication has made the Rohingya's prospect for repatriation with their original citizenship identity bleak and uncertain. This article examines the uncertainties surrounding repatriation by comparing the legal struggle of Biharis living in Bangladesh. Approximately 300,000 Urdu-speaking Biharis have resided in Bangladesh since the partition in 1947, but were not recognized as citizens of Bangladesh due to their controversial position during the 1971 war. Unlike the Rohingyas, Biharis have mostly wanted to repatriate to Pakistan, which made possible voluntary repatriation of around 178,069 Biharis officially. Additionally, 100,000 Biharis were unofficially sent to Pakistan between 1973 and 1993. However, the problem arose for those who lived in Bangladesh without a citizenship identity and access to basic human rights for years. Abid Khan case in 2003 and the Sadaqat Khan case in 2008 officially declared all the Biharis as citizens of Bangladesh, including those born and minors in independent Bangladesh. This article attempts to explore the implications of the uncertain legal status of Rohingyas in the absence of any voluntary repatriation, comparing it with the instance of the Bihari community in Bangladesh.

2012 m. rugpjūčio 19 d. į Anapilį išėjo puiki kolegė ir gabi dėstytoja Agnė Baranskaitė. Agnę kolegos ir studentai Lietuvos edukologijos universitete prisimena su ypatinga šiluma ir pagarba. Galvojant apie Agnę negali susitaikyti, kad jos nebėra, tiesiog mąstai, kad vėl, pagauta kūrybinio įkarščio, sėdo prie naujos monografijos ar projekto ir todėl jos laikinai nesimato. 2002 m. dar būdama doktorantė Agnė Baranskaitė, paraginta savo tėčio, kreipėsi į mane dėl darbo tuometiniame Vilniaus pedagoginiame universitete (dabar -Lietuvos edukologijos universitetas). Jau pirmame pokalbyje atsiskleidė kaip smalsi, modernų požiūrį į šiuolaikinės teisės problemas turinti jauna kolegė. Tiesą sakant, labai apsidžiaugiau, nes pradėjus Lietuvoje rengti socialinius pedagogus buvo būtinas originalus ir jautrus civilinės teisės, socialinės mediacijos, taikos sutarčių problemų perteikimas. Agnė šia problema ypač susidomėjo. Mūsų požiūriai sutapo diskutuojant apie taikinamąjį tarpininkavimą (socialinės mediacijos) plėtojimo ir diegimo poreikį teisinėje praktikoje. Mano tuo metu vadovaujamoje Socialinės pedagogikos katedroje Agnė pradėjo dirbti 2002 m. rugsėjo 2 d., kai katedra buvo įkurta. Todėl logiška, kad daug diskutuodavome apie tai, kiek ir kokių teisinių žinių reikėtų socialiniams pedagogams, kokiu rakursu jiems reikėtų dėstyti teisės pagrindų ir vaiko teisės kursus, kurios temos yra aktualiausios būsimiems vaiko gerovės profesionalams, kokias temas reikia analizuoti bakalauro ir magistro tyrimuose. Darbo pradžioje Agnė dirbo dėstytoja valandininke ir ėjo asistento pareigas, nuo 2006 m. -lektorė, nuo 2009 m. -docentė. Ypač imponavo tai, kad A. Baranskaitės tyrimo kryptis daktaro laipsniui gauti buvo ypač nauja tuometinėje Lietuvoje. Galima tvirtinti, kad Agnės daktaro disertacija "Atleidimas nuo baudžiamosios atsakomybės kaltininkui ir nukentėjusiajam susitaikius"

El presente artículo busca profundizar las formas en que migrantes peruanos en Chile habitan su espacio privado desde una perspectiva de cultura material, a través del análisis de las posesiones del hogar y la comida. La cultura material del hogar encarna tanto su experiencia y trayectoria migratoria como el proceso de integración en la sociedad chilena, representando el continuo proceso de ajuste que deben enfrentar en términos culturales, sociales y materiales. Los resultados muestran que las formas de habitar y apropiarse del hogar están relacionadas con los procesos de integración, pues a través de la cultura material se negocia cotidianamente la pertenencia entre dos mundos, el de origen y destino, generando la ambivalencia de estar aquí y allá simultáneamente. Sus hogares se convierten en transnacionales, donde emerge un sincretismo cultural entre ambos mundos que cohabitan: Perú se refleja en la fotografía y la comida, que permite reactualizar su pertenencia e identidad originaria, y Chile es representado por objetos tecnológicos, que materializan su trabajo sacrificado y coraje, y les permite sentirse parte de la sociedad de destino.

The suffering of African Americans throughout their history occupied the largest
share of Yaa Gyasi’s writings. This paper aims to analyze the concept of slavery in Yaa
Gyasi’s novel, Homegoing (2016). In her novel, Gyasi demonstrates how slavery is
horribly affected the dark-skinned people’s lives by narrating the events that the
characters experienced from one generation to the next. This paper focus on the women
sexual exploitation, dehumanization, and helplessness of those enslaved people and how
slavery destroyed coloured people physically and psychologically. This paper reveals
how slavery contributed in the reshaping the African’s identities, names, language as well
as their fate. The current study demonstrates that slavery left a deep wound within
African’s souls. Thus, even after the slavery was ended, they still live in a harsh trauma,
fear and lost. Eventually, this study successfully displays the African Americans’
dilemma and significantly reveals the real hardships of slavery in the history of the black
people.
Keywords: Slavery, Trauma, Dehumanization, Exploitation, Identity.

Возникший в обществе за последние десятилетия острый запрос на психологию и развитие такого социального явления, как феномен блогерства с активной рекламой психологических услуг способствовали распространению психологического и мотивационного бума. Это коснулось и мусульманского сообщества России. Некоторые мусульмане предпочитают дистанцироваться от этой области знаний, противопоставляя ее религии, а для когото, напротив, психология все более уверенно входит в их жизнь. Есть и те, для кого необходимость выбора между религией и психологией приводит к усилению внутреннего конфликта, подтверждая слова Э. Фромма: «Если человек не может отнести себя к какой-то системе, которая направляла бы его жизнь и придавала ей смысл, -сомнения и противоречия, в конечном счете, парализуют его способности действовать, а значит, и жить» 117 .

Возникший в обществе за последние десятилетия острый запрос на психологию и развитие такого социального явления, как феномен блогерства с активной рекламой психологических услуг способствовали распространению психологического и мотивационного бума. Это коснулось и мусульманского сообщества России. Некоторые мусульмане предпочитают дистанцироваться от этой области знаний, противопоставляя ее религии, а для когото, напротив, психология все более уверенно входит в их жизнь. Есть и те, для кого необходимость выбора между религией и психологией приводит к усилению внутреннего конфликта, подтверждая слова Э. Фромма: «Если человек не может отнести себя к какой-то системе, которая направляла бы его жизнь и придавала ей смысл, -сомнения и противоречия, в конечном счете, парализуют его способности действовать, а значит, и жить» 117 .

people give its government support and approval so that it can rule effectively among them; and finally, a nation must be internally legitimate, the people that belong to that nation must support the social, economic and political institutions of their own nation. 2 After a long period of political instability and civil wars, Argentine national institutions began to consolidate as a "nation" in the 1880's. The economy began to flourish , technology helped to improve cattle and sheep raising , and with the rising prices of cash crops, Argentina became a world leader in the production and importation of cereals. The Argentine pampas along with the Canadian prairies were two of the world's richest agricultural regions. 3 Argentina was going through great economic, social, political , and demographical expansion. As Carl Solberg notes," ... the key to Argentina 's success in attracting a massive immigration was the government's poli cy, in effect until 1930, that admitted all able-bodied Europeans regardless of ethnic background." 4 The new role of Argentina's economy in the world also led to trade relations with Europe through exporting grains and beef and importing manufactured products. Relations between Buenos Aires and Europe increased radically in the years 1860-1880. France and Great Britain were the main trade partners. French imports were significant in luxury goods, wines, and sugar, while British textiles, hardware, coal , and machinery lead the international market for Argentina. 5 Immigration as well as import-export relationships also

This study investigates twenty-first-century teachers' representation in the diasporic memoir of Dina Nayeri's The Ungrateful Refugee and S. K. Ali's novel Love from A to Z. The study explores how teachers are depicted in the two novels-delving into their roles and responsibilities. In addition, it draws a comparison between various categories of teachers. Moreover, it examines the potential impact of educators in shaping their students' mindset and decision-making processes. Additionally, the study investigates the behavior of extremist teachers and explores their negative effects on their students. Furthermore, the study highlights how some extremist teachers exploit mass media to spread their discriminatory ideas. The aim of this inquiry is to shed light on teachers' roles, which are not limited to being mere sources of knowledge. Furthermore, it intends to emphasize the crucial role of teachers as effective members of communities. These objectives are accomplished with reference to the cultural theory (1983), which emphasizes the various forces influencing human attitudes. Regarding the research methodology, the present study utilizes the analytical approach. This approach aims to depict similarities and differences between the chosen literary works concerning the events and characters' behaviors that unfold during communication within their native culture and the Western culture, including the diaspora. Additionally, the study aligns with constructivism theory, which asserts that individuals actively construct their knowledge through experiences and interactions, further underscoring the role of teachers in shaping students' perceptions and identities.

La culture chinoise a une longue histoire. Avec le développement rapide de l'économie chinoise et l'augmentation continue des échanges internationaux, de nombreux pays dans le monde sont entrés en contact avec la langue et la culture chinoise. La langue et la culture sont interdépendantes et inséparables. La promotion de la langue a un rôle énorme dans la promotion de la diffusion de la culture. Cet article présente les stratégies de développement rapide de la culture chinoise au Burundi. A travers cet article, les lecteurs peuvent comprendre comment la culture chinoise se diffuse généralement dans le monde et comment les Burundais acceptent la langue et la culture chinoises dans la perspective des échanges culturels entre la Chine et le Burundi.

This study examines the impact of social media adoption on net migration from Jamaica between 1970 and 2024, taking into account structural, social, and technological factors. Using secondary time-series data, the analysis examines the effects of social media penetration, GDP per capita, unemployment, and homicide rates on annual migration flows. Descriptive statistics indicate persistent net outflows across the study period, with peaks corresponding to economic crises and heightened insecurity. Social media adoption, which expanded rapidly after 2000, emerges as a significant moderating factor, reducing migration outflows and altering the timing of emigration responses. Pearson correlations reveal a negative association between social media use and net migration (r =-0.42, p < .05), while unemployment and homicide rates exhibit strong positive correlations. OLS regression analyses confirm that social media use significantly predicts lower net migration (β =-0.21, p < .05) after controlling for structural variables, whereas GDP per capita shows weaker, non-significant effects. ARIMAX modelling highlights lagged effects, indicating that increased social media adoption in one year corresponds with reduced migration in subsequent years. This matter is consistent with households leveraging digital connectivity to maintain diaspora networks and explore virtual economic opportunities. Decade-level trends further suggest that the stabilising effect of social media became most pronounced during the 2000s and 2010s, despite persistent structural pressures. The findings underscore the importance of considering technological and informational factors alongside traditional push-pull determinants in understanding migration dynamics. Policymakers are encouraged to invest in digital infrastructure and diaspora engagement initiatives as tools for retaining human capital and promoting sustainable development.

The article presents the Eastern borderlands in the context of contemporary international
migration. In the first part, using the center-periphery dependency model and Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of capital types, I analyze the specificity of this region stemming from intense interactions between competing cultures and identities. This analysis helps to  understand how migration processes fit into the cultural landscape of the borderlands and what challenges and threats its inhabitants face.
The second part of the text is dedicated to the cultural security of the borderland. Here, I highlight the potential dissonance between the state’s perception of cultural security and how it is perceived by the borderlands’ residents. I argue that this discrepancy results from differing interpretations of cultural phenomena occurring in the borderlands and from the distinct values underlying national and local identities as well.

Globally, millions of migrants have sent money home to build a house. In early phases of migration, remittance houses are aspirational objects that materialize the continuous belonging of migrants to a community. In later stages, experiences of loss, estrangement, deportation, and death increasingly challenge these attachments. Drawing on my ethnographic research in a transnational community in rural Mexico since 1995, I explore how painful absences have shaped the building of and living in remittance houses. Disappeared and distant migrant kin haunt those living in remittance houses through their presence in material objects and social practices. I argue that attending to the different ways of being haunted by absences and loss in remittance houses can help bring forth nuances and complexities of how transnational communities respond to the inhumanity of migration between Mexico and the United States.

According to estimates by the United Nations, over 120 million individuals are currently forcibly displaced worldwide. Warfare, regional disputes, state-sponsored violence, environmental disasters, famines, and various forms of physical or mental abuse have disrupted their lives, leading to tremendous loss and trauma. Whether forced migrants find themselves "internally displaced" within their countries of origin, at international borders, in transit zones, or in socalled "receiving" countries, they share the experience of enduring a life in liminal spaces where fundamental political, social, legal, and ethical norms and claims are suspended and denied. At the same time, right-wing populist movements exploit debates on migration to promote the stigmatization, criminalization, and exclusion of those who seek refuge and asylum. In privileging the perspective of receiving states and their citizens, such debates often misrepresent the complex realities and experiences of displaced people, distorting or silencing their own narratives. Revealing a profound humanitarian, political, and moral crisis, the phenomenon of forced migration thus calls for a re-evaluation of questions of power, representation, and agency -a re-evaluation for which it is imperative that the voices of forcibly displaced individuals and groups are heard: What does it mean to live "out of place"? How does forced migration challenge dominant ideologies of place as a "natural" home, of identity and belonging? And what are its implications for rethinking existing politico-juridical regimes? Search Out of Place: Forced Migration in Literature and Political Theory Paper submissions for this seminar are currently open. Propose a Paper In this seminar, we will address these and other related questions at the intersection of literature and political theory, particularly from a comparative perspective. By bringing various accounts and narratives of forced displacement, refugeehood, and exile in historical, modern, and contemporary literatures from around the globe (from Homer and Dante to Stefan Zweig, Anna Seghers, Tayeb Salih, and Edwidge Danticat or, more recently, Jhumpa Lahiri, Laila Lalami, Dinaw Mengistu, and Assimwe Deborah Kawe) into dialogue with key positions in 20th and 21st century political theory of migration (as developed by, e.g., Hannah Arendt, Giorgio Agamben, Donatella Di Cesare, Etienne Balibar, Serena Parekh, Achille Mbembe, or Thomas Nail), we will discuss specific experiences and circumstances that shape the existence of those who must live out of place. We invite participants from all levels of their careers and from all academic (as well as nonacademic) backgrounds to examine narrations of migration, displacement, and exile and to critically engage with concepts of place, identity, and political agency. Paper proposals of 250-300 words must be submitted via the portal on the ACLA website () between August 26 and October 2, 2025. If you have questions about potential contributions to this seminar, please contact us at

This article explores the history of on-and offline anti-slavery resistance among Soninke speakers with a special focus on Mali and Mauritania. It analyses the case of Ganbanaaxun Fedde, a pro-equality movement kickstarted by diasporic Soninke in France in late 2016, who, via social media, interconnected so-called 'slaves' from Mali, Mauritania, Senegal and Gambia. The aim of the movement is to engage in active resistance against the remnants of so-called 'descentbased slavery', which impedes equality for all. Two main arguments unfold: firstly, that the seemingly 'sudden' visibility of this movement is a culmination of longer term historical trajectories of individual resistance, illustrated by trajectories of three key activists in the movement, from Mali, Mauritania and France, respectively. Secondly, that digital technologies, and in this particular case, audio messages shared and reshared in WhatsApp groups, have been important venues to transform these individual forms of resistance into a more collective and transnational endeauvour. Thereafter, the article zooms in on the specific case of activism in Mali, to illustrate some of the unintended consequences of the activist focus on court cases and online mobilization. These led to polarization and a cristallization of identities in contemporary West African post-slavery landscapes.

This book takes a close look at their works, examining how they navigate these themes
in their fiction. While their locations may differ—spanning the USA, Canada, and
Trinidad—their struggles resonate universally. Their characters grapple with the same
questions: Who am I? Where do I truly belong? What parts of my past must I hold
onto, and what must I let go?
By highlighting these narratives, this book seeks to provide a deeper understanding of
diaspora writing and its defining characteristics, particularly as expressed by women
writers. Beyond individual experiences, their works offer a broader perspective on the
diasporic condition, making a sincere attempt to identify shared literary traits across
the global landscape. Through their voices, the complexities of migration, assimilation,
and resistance find a compelling space in literature—one that continues to evolve with
every story told.

The issue of anti-black racism and the black condition has been on the rise in the public sphere of the French Republic since the turn of the millennium. Whereas the black condition was formerly only discussed in the French public sphere to a liminal extent, issues of blackness, anti-black racism and discrimination have entered the public sphere in the last decade. This development is strongly informed by self-identified black movements and their responses to the French Republic’s refusal to acknowledge the existence of colonial continuities. Their struggles for the recognition and memorialization of the enslavement of black people, reparations for colonial crimes and enslavement, against police violence, against representational violence in the media, public and educational institutions as well as anti-black racism in the housing and job markets have contributed to the thematization of anti-blackness in France. The reproduction of anti-black imagery and representations in public urban spaces represents a central topic in these struggles, in France and in Europe writ large. The recent mobilizations against blackfacing at the "Nuit des Noirs", an event of the week-long carnival in the northern French port of Dunkirk in February 2018, lead by several black anti-racist organizations are a crucial example. While the leftist local mayor of the city has defended blackfacing as part of the liberal freedom "to laugh, to have fun together", various black initiatives and organizations emphasized that blackfacing as a racist practice perpetuates dehumanizing representations of black people. The controversy around the art exhibition "Exhibit B" by the South African artist Brett Bailey at the Gérard Philipe theater in Saint-Denis at the end of 2014 presents a similar case. The installation presents a dozen portraits of black people, performed by black actors, who were exhibited in human zoos as an important part of the colonial and post-colonial entertainment industry throughout the 19th and 20th century in Europe. Whereas Bailey claimed that his installation criticized racism through the exposure of colonial spectacles of dehumanization, various anti-racist collectives and groups in France and throughout Europe claimed conversely that the exhibition perpetuated the commodification of black bodies and reproduced racist representations of black people as silent objects, while rendering the role of racist and colonial perpetrators and systems of exploitation and dehumanization invisible.

This paper argues that the traditional linear models used in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) do not effectively represent the complex and interconnected nature of language teacher identity. The study proposes complexity theory as a framework to better understand how English Language Teaching (ELT) identities in higher education in Iran evolve in response to the growing influence of digital technology. The research explores how these factors shape and transform teacher identities by examining the intricate relationship between digital connectivity and the changing technological landscape. The study employed qualitative methodology, conducting semi-structured interviews with English language instructors/professors from sixteen universities. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using MAXQDA software, resulting in the identification of key themes: 1) Digital Literacy and Skills; 2) Digital Connectivity and Engagement; 3) Accessibility and Information Delivery; 4) Educational Environment and Dynamics; and 5) Personal Traits. The findings offer practical implications for educational policymakers in higher education and suggest ways to align professional development programs with the evolving demands placed on teachers by digital environments.

Kennen Sie Horst Schimanski? Diesen ruppigen Kriminalhauptkommissar -gespielt von Götz George -, der Anang der 1980er Jahre das verschlaene Krimiormat »atort« des Öentlich-Rechtlichen aurüttelte? Falls nicht, so haben Sie ein Stück deutscher Fernsehgeschichte verpasst. Nicht nur, weil der laute »Scheiße«-Ausru des Hauptprotagonisten zu Beginn der Pilotolge »Duisburg-Ruhrort« von 1981 (inklusive einer Szene, in der ein Fernseher aus dem Fenster liegt) einem medialen abubruch gleichkam, sondern vor allem -und dies dürte aus einer gesellschatswissenschatlichen Perspektive weitaus bedeutender sein -, weil das hier skizzierte Bild Duisburgs die bundesdeutsche Wahrnehmung der Stadt nachhaltig prägen sollte (Schmidt-Tomé & Niemenmaa 2014). Die von Schwerindustrie durchzogene Visualität Duisburgs bot insoern nicht nur die perekte Kulisse ür den Urtypus des Ruhrpott-Kommissars Schimanski, der als unangepasster Alt-68er im beigen Parka, Bier trinkend und Currywurst essend Mordälle auklärte; die allzu ot karikaturesken Erzählungen zur Stadtbevölkerung, deren Mitglieder ast ausschließlich ein Leben zwischen Fabrik, Kiosk und Eckkneipe zu risten schienen, begründeten auch eine Vielzahl bis heute wirkmächtiger Klischees. Doch warum dieser Rückblick au einen über 40 Jahre alten Fernsehkrimi in einem Beitrag, der sich -dem itel nach -mit türkeistämmigen Menschen beschätigen soll? Die Antwort darau fndet sich im Plot der erwähnten Folge »Duisburg-Ruhrort«: Horst Schimanski und sein ungleicher Kollege Christian Tanner -gespielt von Eberhard Feik 1 -ermitteln in einem Mordall, der sie in das türkische »Gastarbeiter«-Milieu Duisburgs ührt. Beim Versuch, diese Halbwelt ernab der städtischen Mehrheitsgesellschat zu durchdringen, geraten die beiden Polizisten kurz darau zwischen die Fronten eines in-1 Feik war Nachahre des türkischen Reiterofziers Süleyman Faik (Internationales Biographisches Archiv 1995), was noch einmal vor Augen ühren dürte, wie ambivalent die Annahme erscheint, dass der deutsch-türkische Austausch zumeist als ein genuines Ergebnis der Anwerbeabkommen der 1960er projiziert wird.

Until 1945 or so, Scottish Literature���or rather, a fragmentary selection of its periods and authors���flourished to an extent under the rubric of junior partnership in the Union or local identity in Empire, or as part of a greater English Literature, as in the English Men of Letters series. Scott was taught in England&#x27;s grammar schools and universities; Burns had only recently begun the catastrophic decline he was to suffer at the hands of Romanticism&#x27;s new paradigm and the postwar distrust of the volkisch and autochthonous; even Ramsay was ...

This paper analyses the role of translingual practices in reshaping language, dialect, and identity within an Afrofuturistic fantasy framework, specifically through "The Magical Negro" by Nnedi Okorafor. Translingualism encourages a transition from these structuralist presuppositions about language to more fluid and extensive contextual and integrated strategies. This research aims to explore the use of translingual aspects in an Afrofuturistic fantasy plot by analyzing the elements of language, dialect, and impact. Changing the trope of the standard fantasy language, which often incorporates dominant ideologies and regional dialects, as well as the relationship between characters' accents and their socio-linguistic backgrounds, helps to subvert the clichés of the series. The theoretical framework included Vershawn A. Young's "code-meshing", where different languages or dialects are used simultaneously in speech or writing. Li Wei develops translanguaging as a practical theory of language, incorporating both sociocultural and cognitive approaches. Using Geneva Smitherman's concept of "Black sociolinguist reality," this article traces the concept of Afrofuturism through speculative fiction as a rhetorical praxis that recognizes Black language practices as processes of invention unique to Black linguistics, constructing the multitudinous nature of Blackness in the future. This paper emphasises the question of power concerning how language, identity, and interaction with people from another culture are interrelated. It

This paper examines the long-term impact of past political processes and events on current perceptions of immigration. As a case study, we focus on contemporary public perceptions of migrants by citizens of the Baltic states and ask how historical migration patterns and policies within the former Soviet Union are reflected in these perceptions. Our analysis is based on original survey data collected from nationally representative samples in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Employing structural topic modeling (STM), we analyze over 1,100 responses to an open-ended survey question asking respondents to describe the group that comes to mind when thinking about
immigrants in their country. Using STM allows us to identify socially meaningful themes, as highlighted by the respondents, and without bias from any predefined categories. Our findings demonstrate that, while Russia’s invasion of Ukraine featured significantly in the responses, the Soviet political legacy and the related Soviet era migration continue to shape perceptions of migrants in the Baltic States thirty years after their independence. Thus, even in the context of the most salient migrationrelated
events, such as war, past geo-political processes can play a significant role in
the formation of current public perceptions of immigration.

This article critically examines the intersections between women, power, and the philosophy of liberation from a feminist philosophical standpoint. It investigates how feminist thinkers have challenged traditional concepts of power, redefined autonomy, and reconstructed liberation beyond patriarchal and colonial frameworks. Drawing on the works of Paulo Freire, bell hooks, María Lugones, and various postcolonial and indigenous feminists, this paper argues that liberation is not merely a structural or political objective, but a transformative praxis grounded in ethics, relationality, and epistemic resistance. It further analyzes global and local feminist movements to show how women create and enact liberatory spaces through both resistance and reimagination. The article emphasizes the importance of intersectionality, consciousnessraising, and care ethics in the ongoing struggle for freedom and justice.

The Cominform resolution was a turning point in the history of Yugoslavia. In the context of the Cold War, the conflict between Yugoslavia and the Eastern Bloc also had serious consequences on a global level, representing the first major split in the international communist movement after World War II. However, echoes of the split within the million-strong Yugoslav overseas diaspora have not drawn much scientific interest, despite the diaspora’s extensive involvement in the socio-political situation in Yugoslavia throughout the 20th century. The goal of the article is to study the Tito-Stalin split as an international crisis of enormous significance through the local politics of diaspora to better understand its nature and impact. The influence of the diaspora’s host countries’ communist parties must be emphasised in order to understand why most Yugoslav emigrants in the west supported Cominform, as shown through the analysis of sources originating from archives in Australia, New Zealand, Croatia, and Serbia.

El panorama de las migraciones y movilidades en América Latina ha adquirido una densa complejidad en las últimas décadas: trayectorias por tierra extensas, tanto espacial como temporalmente, atravesando varias fronteras geopolíticas y configuraciones sociales, y tomando algunas veces la forma de caravanas, para afrontar colectivamente los peligros del recorrido. Travesías que se materializan en flujos, pero también en tapones, muros, barreras temporales de largas esperas; avances, detenciones y retrocesos. En esos largos trayectos se anudan redes comunitarias y sociales que ofrecen diversas formas de apoyo, pero también se multiplican y entretejen dispositivos de control a su alrededor, con perfiles coercitivos diversos, en el marco de un giro punitivo (Domenech, 2020) de los desplazamientos en espacios subregionales que se habían caracterizado por adoptar normativas y medidas menos restrictivas que las del Norte global. Son trayectorias migratorias atravesadas por marcadores de desigualdad que empujan los desplazamientos por razones múltiples e igualmente apremiantes: precarización de la vida,

El panorama de las migraciones y movilidades en América Latina ha adquirido una densa complejidad en las últimas décadas: trayectorias por tierra extensas, tanto espacial como temporalmente, atravesando varias fronteras geopolíticas y configuraciones sociales, y tomando algunas veces la forma de caravanas, para afrontar colectivamente los peligros del recorrido. Travesías que se materializan en flujos, pero también en tapones, muros, barreras temporales de largas esperas; avances, detenciones y retrocesos. En esos largos trayectos se anudan redes comunitarias y sociales que ofrecen diversas formas de apoyo, pero también se multiplican y entretejen dispositivos de control a su alrededor, con perfiles coercitivos diversos, en el marco de un giro punitivo (Domenech, 2020) de los desplazamientos en espacios subregionales que se habían caracterizado por adoptar normativas y medidas menos restrictivas que las del Norte global. Son trayectorias migratorias atravesadas por marcadores de desigualdad que empujan los desplazamientos por razones múltiples e igualmente apremiantes: precarización de la vida,

March 10 (Monday) -March 14 (Friday) 2025 Discourse surrounding the topics of migration, diaspora, and transnationalism continues to spark a wide range of interdisciplinary interests, both in the academy and at large. However, despite the interdisciplinary nature of World Christianity, the field still lacks adequate theoretical and empirical insights concerning such discourse, specifically in the intersectionality of migration, diaspora, and transnationalism pertaining to the global spread of Christianity. With Christianity's center of gravity having shifted from the global North to the global South, the emergence and proliferation of global South Christianities in the last few decades, particularly in Europe and the North American diaspora, have occasioned the remapping of old Christian landscapes. Thus, the expansion of global South Christianities through international ministries and networks marked a watershed in the multidirectionality of missions-an epochal shift in the trade winds of Christian history. Among other factors, this shift is also attributable to migration: a crucial factor determining a religion's mobility and demographic expansion. Through both mission and migration, immigrant and diaspora Christian communities did not merely emerge as outposts in new cultural contexts, but rather became institutions integral to European and American civic life. Reverse missions and South-South links and religious networks, as instances of religious transnationalism, break the stereotype that places the global North at the center of Christianity's discourse. Transnational religious networks and social dynamics in the global South, but also with their various diasporas deserve further scholarly attention.

The three-month rains retreat of Vassavasa has been a mainstay tradition of monastic communities since the founding of the Buddhist order. However, its conclusion, Pavarana, is an important event in itself, typically falling on the full moon of the 11th lunar month. In 2022, the festival was celebrated on 9 October.

RESOURCES TARPTAUTINĖ KONFERENCIJA ATVIRIEJI IŠTEKLIAI EDUKACINĖJE PRAKTIKOJE Conference proceedings Konferencijos pranešimų medžiaga "Eureka" research and development projects -Eureka (No. VP1-3.1-MES-06-V-01-003) subproject "Friends, Family and Colleagues Connection (FFCC)", funded under the Development of Human Resources Operational Programme 2007-2013 Priority 3 "Strengthening of Researchers'Capacities", measure "R&D quality and expert training". "Programos "Eureka" mokslinių tyrimų ir technologinės plėtros projektų įgyvendinimas -EUREKA " (Nr. VP1-3.1-ŠMM-06-V-01-003) paprojektis "Draugų, šeimos ir kolegų apjungimas (FFCC)", finansuojamas pagal 2007-2013 m. Žmoniškųjų išteklių plėtros veiksmų programos 3 prioriteto "Tyrėjų gebėjimų stiprinimas" priemonę "MTTP kokybė ir ekspertų rengimas".