Diary Studies

This sermon-style, academically grounded article examines the idea of vindication—not as an endorsement of any figure, but as the confirmation that a specific warning has ripened into reality. It revisits Muammar al-Gaddafi’s 1986 claim that the United States could be “destroyed from the inside” and assesses contemporary indicators of internal decay, including opioid overdoses, endemic gun violence, political polarization, and widening wealth inequality. Framed by Scripture (Ezek. 12:23–28; 33:33; Hab. 2:3; Mark 3:25; Isa. 5:20; Jer. 22:3; Mic. 6:8; Prov. 14:34), the paper argues that these trends echo biblical patterns: nations falter when moral inversion, scapegoating, and contempt for the vulnerable become normalized. The analysis includes a critique of modern political rhetoric and conduct—particularly pressures on democratic guardrails and alliances—while emphasizing that the cure is nonpartisan and civic: constitutional humility, truthful speech, equal justice, and budgets that function as moral documents. The article concludes with a constructive call to repentance and repair, proposing practical steps such as transparent governance, renewed protections for civil liberties, community-level “peacemaking” initiatives, and cross-sector collaboration (a proposed Peacemakers’ Summit). The central claim is that hope remains, but only if moral clarity is joined to disciplined action: courage without contempt, mercy with backbone, and a public life ordered toward the good of the most vulnerable.

This paper explores the Christian response to politics and national issues, particularly in the context of corruption and injustice in the Philippines. Drawing from biblical foundations, it argues that discipleship extends beyond worship gatherings and must influence how believers engage with moral and political crises in society. The article emphasizes three core responses: prayerful discernment, active witness through integrity, and humble advocacy for justice without falling into self-righteous condemnation. Contemporary data, including Social Weather Stations (SWS) surveys and Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index, highlight the urgency of Christian engagement. Ultimately, this study affirms that the Christian’s role is not apathy nor judgmental condemnation but a prayerful, truthful, and humble witness that reflects the light of Christ in a nation longing for hope and justice.

View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk provided by Repository of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Osijek 2 Sažetak Dragojla Jarnević hrvatska je spisateljica koja je svoje najveće djelo, Dnevnik, pisala za vrijeme ilirskog pokreta u kojem ju vjerno i dosljedno bilježila sve političke promjene u Hrvatskoj, ali i svoj privatni život. Dragojla je jedna od prvih žena u javnom životu 19. stoljeća koje su neovisne o muškarcu i koje se oslanjaju same na sebe. Kroz rad će se promatrati Dnevnik u cijelosti, politički kontekst koji on donosi, feminističku perspektivu koja leži u njemu te Dragojlin privatni život sam po sebi. Ključne riječi: dnevnik, ilirski pokret, feministička perspektiva, neovisnost 1. Uvod Hrvatski je romantizam književno-povijesno razdoblje koje se na hrvatskim prostorima pojavljuje u obliku ideje o jedinstvu hrvatskog naroda, njegove povijesti kroz ilirski preporod. Mnogi književnici svoje su ideje o jedinstvu, o važnosti i neovisnosti hrvatskog jezika pisali kroz domoljubne pjesme i putopise o ljepotama Hrvatske,u kojima su isticali svoje ideje, često puta zabranjivane i osuđivane od strane drugih većinskih naroda, u književnim časopisima svoga vremena: Danica ilirska, Kolo i dr. Književni rad hrvatskih pisaca za vrijeme romantizma bio je orijentiran isključivo prema domoljublju i podizanju nacionalne svijesti, idejama koje su bile iznesene metaforički kroz brojna književna djela. U čežnji za domovinom, njezinim boljitkom i napretkom piše i jedna od prvih hrvatskih spisateljica, Dragojla Jarnević, u svom autobiografskom djelu "Dnevnik". Jarnevićeva u Dnevniku detaljno opisuje svoj vlastiti život, ali i povijesna zbivanja koja su se dogodila tijekom njezinog života, te koja neizravno utjecala i na njezin daljnji razvoj i život. Bitno je napomenuti da se u Hrvatskoj romantizam rezultira kao ilirizam, odnosno nacionalni pokret u kojemu se Hrvati bore za svoj identitet i nacionalno prihvaćanje. Sama ta borba često je bila poticaj Jarnevićevoj da piše svoja stajališta i misli u obliku dnevničkih zapisa. U seminaru ću se osvrnuti na njezin život i stvaralaštvo, kratko iznijeti izvadak iz njezinog Dnevnika, izdvojiti njezine feminističke ideje i naznake koje se očituju u djelu te kojima Jarnevićeva prikazuje ženu kao neovisnu i samostalnu osobu, što je itekako napredno u vremenu u kojemu ona živi (polovica 19. stoljeća) te spomenuti neke bitne odrednice autobiografske književnosti, kojoj nesumnjivo pripada i ovo književno djelo. Riječ feminizam prvi put je zapisana 1837. godine u Francuskoj, a označavala je karakteristike žena. Kasnije je feminizam dobio obilježja doktrine koja se odnosi na širenje ideje o pravu i ulozi žena u društvu. Smatra se da je Hubertine Auclert, francuska odvjetnica, prva osoba koja je sebe nazvala feministicom, a riječ feminizam je uporabila u časopisu La citoyenne koji je počela izdavati 1881. godine. U engleskom jeziku, feminizam se počinje koristiti nakon Prve internacionalne konferencije žena u Parizu 1892. godine, a označavao je uvjerenja i promociju jednakih prava žena. 1 U nekim je definicijama feminizma naglašena potreba unaprjeđenja položaja žena. Takva određenja su karakteristična za feminizam 19. stoljeća. Feministicom, odnosno feministom se može nazvati svatko tko svoja 1 Eichner, C.J. La citoyenne in the World: Hubertine Auclert and Feminist Imperialism.

Images et textes en appui à mon intervention au colloque sur les Journaux personnels en temps de guerres (IMEC, MRHS de l'Université de Caen), 25 septembre 2025, à propos des égo-documents de l'exil soviétique de l'écrivain Jean-Richard Bloch et de son épouse Marguerite entre avril 1941 et décembre 1944.

Nel corso degli ultimi vent'anni la conoscenza degli studi e delle letture di Proust in campo filosofico e psicologico ha fatto progressi notevolissimi, soprattutto grazie agli studi di Edward Bizub e di Luc Fraisse e alla pubblicazione di temi e dissertations risalenti al periodo liceale e universitario dello scrittore. In questo filone di ricerca si inserisce l'esauriente e utilissima monografia che Sofia Sandreschi De Robertis ha dedicato al tema dell'abitudine. La prima parte , dedicata alle Fonti filosofiche e psicofisiologiche, ricostruisce il contesto della formazione intellettuale del romanziere, rintracciando negli autori a lui familiari sin dall'adolescenza innumerevoli interpretazioni del fenomeno dell'abitudine, che le analisi di Ravaisson e di Maine de Biran avevano posto al centro della scena filosofica francese del XIX secolo. Proprio a Ravaisson, principalmente, si rifaceva su questo tema l'insegnamento di Darlu, così importante per il giovane Proust. Darlu aggiungeva alla teoria di Ravaisson una sfumatura psicologica che non poteva lasciare indifferente il futuro analista della gelosia di Swann e del Narratore: la constatazione che "l'abitudine genera un bisogno", il cui appagamento diventa una sorta di necessità vitale. Accanto ai manuali di Janet e di Rabier occupa un posto importante nella disamina condotta da Sandreschi l'opera di Victor Egger, uno dei docenti universitari del futuro scrittore. Fraisse aveva messo in luce come la parole intérieure di Egger anticipi il proustiano "discorso interiore"; Sandreschi evidenzia l'attenzione rivolta da Egger all'aspetto "psichico e fisico insieme" delle abitudini e soprattutto al loro radicamento nell'inconscio. Sandreschi sottolinea inoltre come l'abitudine non sia mai presa in esame , da filosofi e scienziati dell'età di Proust, come un fenomeno isolato, ma sempre nei suoi rapporti con la memoria, con l'attenzione, con l'associazione di idee: questi temi vengono a formare-ora in chiave positivistica, ora in chiave spiritualista-un'unica "costellazione concettuale", che confluisce quasi insensibilmente nell'opera del futuro romanziere, lettore di Bergson e di Séailles, di Taine e di Janet, di Boutroux e di Ribot, per non citare che alcuni degli autori presi in esame da Sandreschi. La seconda parte del volume affronta più direttamente la concezione dell'abitudine quale si profila nella Recherche : una concezione estremamente complessa, nella cui genesi interferiscono la psicologia associazionista, il ruolo privilegiato attribuito da Proust all'impressione e infine il pensiero del romanziere sul tempo, la memoria e l'oblio. L'abitudine nella Recherche svolge innanzitutto un ruolo positivo: consente agli esseri umani di costruire modalità stabili, e replicabili, di esistenza. È l'abitudine che ci permette di adattarci ad ambienti che inizialmente ci paiono respingenti e inospitali, come la camera d'albergo di Balbec che opprime il narratore con il suo soffitto troppo alto; è l'abitudine ad attenuare le sofferenze troppo intense , che senza il suo aiuto sarebbero impossibili da sopportare. Tuttavia, questo suo ruolo "anestetizzante" ha anche un risvolto negativo: ci impedisce di sperimentare direttamente la realtà, sostituendo alla percezione immediata un' immagine sclerotizzata che le si sovrappone e la cancella. Sandreschi mette in luce la dialettica tra questi due volti opposti dell'abitudine, studiandone la presenza nella vita amorosa e mondana dei personaggi della Recherche, e indaga magistralmente l'intrico di quelle "grandi leggi" della memoria e del sentimento in cui Proust vedeva l'oggetto precipuo del suo lavoro. Per approdare alla conclusione che quel che emerge dall'inconscio nel miracolo della memoria involontaria è ancora, in fondo, un fitto tessuto di abitudini, di quelle abitudini quotidiane che formavano, in un lontano passato, la trama della nostra esistenza inghiottita dall'oblio.

Questo numero monografico si concentra sul lavoro delle polizie in Italia e in Germania a partire dalla fine della Seconda guerra mondiale, adottando una prospettiva che privilegia lo studio delle pratiche nelle diverse dimensioni spaziali. Analizzando le prassi operative nei territori, gli autori e le autrici indagano i processi attraverso cui le polizie operano e si muovono in contesti geografici e su scale di grandezza differenti (città, province e regioni).
I contributi di questo numero prendono in esame diverse istituzioni, vari ambiti dell’attività di polizia e molteplici modalità di controllo statale. L’istituzione di polizia viene pertanto considerata non solo come un’autorità esecutiva e funzionale del potere statale, ma anche come un attore situato nello spazio, nei territori, che compie un lavoro di mediazione tra le autorità centrali (o regionali) e i diversi contesti locali in cui opera. La storia delle polizie viene quindi raccontata anche come una storia dello spazio pubblico e come una storia sociale regionale e locale.
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Dieses Heft untersucht die Polizeien Italiens und Deutschlands nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg und wählt dafür eine praxisorientierte Herangehensweise. Deren Praktiken werden anhand einer auf den Raum bezogenen Perspektive analysiert. Die Autor:innen fragen also danach, wie die Polizeien in unterschiedlichen geografischen Kontexten (Städte, Provinzen und Regionen) agieren und den jeweiligen Raum polizieren.

Die Beiträge in diesem Heft nehmen unterschiedliche Institutionen von Polizei, diverse Räume polizeilichen Handelns sowie vielfältige Modi staatlicher Kontrolle in den Blick. Dabei wird die Institution Polizei nicht nur als funktionale Ausführungsinstanz staatlicher Gewalt begriffen, sondern als räumlich situierte Akteurin, die zwischen zentralstaatlichen (oder regionalstaatlichen) Autoritäten und den verschiedenen lokalen Kontexten vermittelt. Polizeigeschichte wird demnach als Geschichte des öffentlichen Raumes erzählt und zugleich auch als regionale Gesellschaftsgeschichte.

This study examines the diaries of a young Iranian girl from 1938 to 1951, covering her development from adolescence to adulthood. Born into a middle-class family in Tehran, Guity Afrouz had an open-minded father and a traditional mother. She maintained her diaries in four notebooks at various intervals. In them, she discusses her inner conflict between her passionate, lively father and her traditional, later disabled mother. Additionally, she makes frequent references to new recreational spaces, such as café and cinemas, and the new hobbies of the middle-class youth of that time, as well as the relationships between friends and young people.
In her third notebook, she provides a detailed account of her first experience of traveling to Europe in the aftermath of World War II, offering a description of some of the places in Europe from the perspective of a young Iranian woman. The significance of this study lies in its unveiling
of the daily life of a new middle-class family in Tehran during the first half of the 20th century, in the period of the Reza Shah and the early years of the reign of his son, Mohammad Reza Shah, as seen through the eyes of a  young girl. This perspective provides insights that may add to those accounts of men and few women who have previously recounted their memoirs from this era in books, interviews, and films.

September Overview — “Threads of Grace”
September was a month of holy momentum—publishing, preaching, teaching, and countless providences woven together.
Ministry & Teaching. I served River of Nations Church (Fri night + Sunday services) and launched training for the October Cambodia team. Oasis House completed Lay Counseling Training (Part I) for 19 Khmer leaders, with Part II scheduled for the end of the month. I taught my AEU course Existentialism & Christian Faith (21 students from 14 nations) and shared at the Phnom Penh Forum on “AI & Mission.” I also lectured at the Daejeon Senior Mission School on Gap–Eul dynamics.
Public Voice & Resources. Five new/updated books rolled out: Living Like Kierkegaard: Aug 2025, Sustaining Intimacy with God, Kierkegaard’s 30 Days of Prayer (EN/KR), Epipodo 30th Anniversary (EN), and Cambodia Mission Manual: 2025. Sister Somi’s To You (bilingual) also released. Daily Gospel marked its 5-year anniversary (1,825 episodes).
Suicide-Prevention Movement. Churches began printing the “Prayer Against the Spirit of Suicide.” National leaders quoted our book with BewhY at the Sept 10 commemoration. I’m praying these resources keep opening life-giving conversations.
Scholarship & Partnerships. Dr. Lee Changwoo passed his PhD defense (a milestone for our Kierkegaard Research Center/Karis Academy). CPTI partners in Korea strengthened long-standing ties for Cambodia.
Journeys & Joy. Travel between Cambodia and Korea brought many divine appointments—new Phnom Penh airport opening day, reunions with missionaries and scholars, Stephen’s birthday on FaceTime, and RNC friends surprising me with two birthday cakes as I turned “legal 64.” A brief retreat in a bus-hotel on Kirirom fulfilled a youthful dream. We celebrated family—little Cora in her hanbok—and remembered Mike at his 2-year memorial with a poem and hope of reunion.
Bottom line. God kept threading grace through publishing, training, mission partnerships, and family moments. My prayer for October: deeper intimacy with Jesus, multiplied fruit through the Cambodia team, and Part II of Oasis House LCT—“not by might, nor by power, but by My Spirit.”

This study examines the diaries of a young Iranian girl from 1938 to 1951, covering her development from adolescence to adulthood. Born into a middle-class family in Tehran, Guity Afrouz had an open-minded father and a traditional mother. She maintained her diaries in four notebooks at various intervals. In them, she discusses her inner conflict between her passionate, lively father and her traditional, later disabled mother. Additionally, she makes frequent references to new recreational spaces, such as café and cinemas, and the new hobbies of the middle-class youth of that time, as well as the relationships between friends and young people.
In her third notebook, she provides a detailed account of her first experience of traveling to Europe in the aftermath of World War II, offering a description of some of the places in Europe from the perspective of a young Iranian woman. The significance of this study lies in its unveiling of the daily life of a new middle-class family in Tehran during the first half of the 20th century, in the period of the Reza Shah and the early years of the reign of his son, Mohammad Reza Shah, as seen through the eyes of a young girl. This perspective provides insights that may add to those
accounts of men and few women who have previously recounted their memoirs from this era in books, interviews, and films.

Featured in the British Psychological Society's Division of Occupational Psychology's newsletter on Work-Life Balance, I described the process of a multi-site case study analysis of six Arab female professionals who are also working mothers to school aged children in order to describe their experience of gender equity in the household and the workplace.

The article highlights the central role that fictional, poetic, and artistic forms play in the construction and understanding of Kibbutz Buchenwald, a littleknown episode that took place between 1945-1955 in which a group of 16 Jewish Holocaust survivors came together to build a kibbutz in Israel. The group was formed in Germany immediately after liberation, and after a number of years of preparation eventually immigrated to Israel, where they settled down and formed a kibbutz, whose name was changed to Kibbutz Netzer Sereni. In particular, the article focuses on Gil Yefman's exhibition 'Kibbutz Buchenwald' at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art (Yefman, 2018) in collaboration with Dov Or-Ner and the Kuchinate Collective, as a starting point for the exploration of the affair. The exhibition made use of various art forms to revisit the historical event; it mingled fact and fantasies, revived a variety of narratives and collective traumas, and explored the rift between Holocaust and revival. An analysis of the 'Goethe Oak' motif in the exhibition demonstrates the crucial role of fiction in the pursuit of history, and the way in which art can propose a new perception of past and present.

Dzieje getta utworzonego w okupowanej Łodzi (Litzmannstadt) od lat spotykają się z zainteresowaniem badaczy. Jednym z aspektów jego funkcjonowania była kwestia przejazdów "aryjskich" tramwajów ulicami przebiegającymi przez getto. Kwestia ruchu na ulicach eksterytorialnych w literaturze przedmiotu była poruszana i należy do powszechnie znanych. Niniejszy tekst koncentruje się na omówieniu o wiele mniej znanej kwestii organizacji przejazdów odbywających się po ulicach niewyłączonych z getta tzw. linią tranzytową. Jest więc to próbą ukazania specyfiki tego zjawiska.

"Concealed conflicts: Ethnic relations in the Vilnius Region in the interwar period in the light of historiography and their presentation in »Kronika wypadków miłosnych« by T. Konwicki". The article analyzes selected historical, documentary and literary narratives dealing with ethnic relations in the Vilnius Region, with a particular focus on Tadeusz Konwicki’s novel "Kronika wypadków miłosnych" (1974). Konwicki’s novel employs a polonocentric perspective, for which there are several possible reasons: 1) the writer sought to imply the contrast between an ecumenical Vilnius community versus the reality of World War II, filled with interethnic hatred, 2) Konwicki’s Polish background accounts for the choice of such a perspective, 3) for the writer who grew up there, the Vilnius Region was a place tragically lost and impossible to recover, which contributed to the mythologization of the area; 4) at the time Konwicki wrote the novel, the martyrological and xenophobic discourse was widespread, therefore the undertones of "Kronika wypadków miłosnych" seemed acceptable, 5) Konwicki may have wanted to achieve a form of compensation rather than recreate the reality of the time.

immaginario letterario e nella memoria storica, come imputate, o come portatrici di principi di giustizia alternativi a quelli imposti dall'ordine costituito, le donne hanno catalizzato confl itti etici, politici e giuridici che hanno attraversato la storia d'Europa e del Mediterraneo. I diversi aspetti degli studi umanistici coperti dai partecipanti al convegno (fi lologia classica, letteratura italiana, letteratura araba e islamistica, storia medievale, fi losofi a, cinema) permetteranno di affrontare questa tematica in una prospettiva interdisciplinare di lungo periodo.

Emanuela Di Venuta e Valentina Iosco (Università per Stranieri di Siena), Intorno al pane: spigolature di nomi e verbi dal cantiere AtLiTeG, «Dulcis in fundo. Convegno conclusivo del progetto AtLiTeG (Atlante della lingua e dei testi della cultura gastronomica italiana dall’età medievale all’Unità)», Università per Stranieri di Siena (3-4 giugno 2024).

This paper investigates the evolving dynamics of Ming-Joseon tributary relations during the late sixteenth century, with a particular focus on the diplomatic misalignments and trust deficits that contributed to the delayed response and coordination failures during the early stages of the Imjin War (1592–1598). Drawing upon Korean, Chinese, and Japanese primary sources—including Joseon Wangjo Sillok, Ming Shilu, and collected writings of late-Joseon officials—this study traces Joseon’s oscillating policies between Ming and Japan and the fraying of ritual-based diplomacy. Through case studies such as the 1590 embassy led by Hwang Yun-gil and Kim Seong-il, this paper reveals how cultural superiority, rhetorical rigidity, and systemic misunderstandings within the tributary framework hindered effective crisis management. By reassessing the tributary system through the lens of trust-building, this study offers a nuanced reinterpretation of East Asian diplomacy, where ritual hierarchy masked complex, evolving political and strategic calculations among ostensibly subordinate and dominant states.

Usando come modello il ‘discorso sul Capo di Buona Speranza’ di John Maxwell Coetzee, con la definizione di ‘discorso napoletano’ si intendono i riferimenti dell’autore alla città di Napoli e al suo ambiente socioculturale e il richiamo a temi e autori della letteratura napoletana, nei confronti dei quali la posizione assunta è di confronto/scontro. Preliminarmente verranno affrontate la questione dell’esistenza di una letteratura napoletana e la circoscrizione di quest’ultima sulla base del criterio della napoletanità e della risposta dell’autore ad essa. In secondo luogo, verranno circoscritti i temi e gli autori affrontati in Mistero napoletano per la definizione del suo ‘discorso napoletano’. Nello specifico si discuterà dell’assenza del dialetto e dell’impasto linguistico tra italiano e napoletano e verranno individuati gli autori di riferimento del suo ‘discorso napoletano’ (Anna Maria Ortese e Raffaele La Capria). Verranno discusse sia similarità e divergenze nei confronti di...

Anton Straka bol diplomatom, za ktorým stálo československé Ministerstvo zahraničných vecí. V medzivojnovom období nielen ako fyzická osoba, ale aj ako úradník pomáhal maďarským básnikom a spisovateľom v Budapešti a v Prahe. V Československu chcel propagovať maďarskú literatúru a hudbu a v Maďarsku zase tú českú a slovenskú. Považoval sa za propagandistu oboch (troch) kultúr. V ňom môžeme vidieť človeka, ktorý v počiatku chcel vplývať na svoje okolie ako kňaz. Miloval svoju vlasť, mal silné národné vedomie a mal rád ľudí. Keď však bol skonfrontovaný s dobovými morálnymi problémami, tak definitívne zanevrel na cirkev a začal hľadať iné cesty k budovaniu krajšej budúcnosti Slovákov. V jeho žurnalistických prvotinách ešte nechýbali prvky dobového nacionalizmu a protimaďarského antagonizmu, avšak čoskoro prekonal tieto myšlienkové prúdy a hlásal myšlienky súdržnosti Slovákov, Čechov, Maďarov a iných malých národov voči vtedy prevládajúcim fašistickým názorom. Uvedomil si, že každý národ má rovnaké právo na pokojný život, rozvoj, používanie svojho materinského jazyka a uctievanie svojich významných predstaviteľov. Išiel príkladom, keď poukazoval na to, že prostriedkami diplomacie v oblasti kultúry napriek všetkým prekážajúcim faktorom sa dá dosiahnuť priateľstvo národov, pokiaľ máme snahu pochopiť a uznať svoje hodnoty navzájom.

Publié avec l'aide financière de la Politique scientifique fédérale (belsPo), du fonds de la recherche scientifique -fnrs et de la fondation universitaire. la bibliograPhie de l'histoire de belgique est établie avec l'aide des archives générales du royaume, de la commission royale d'histoire et de la loterie nationale. uitgegeven met de steun van het federaal WetenschaPsbeleid (belsPo) en van de universitaire stichting. de bibliografie van de geschiedenis van belgië komt tot stand dankzij de steun van het algemeen rijksarchief, van de koninklijke commissie voor geschiedenis en van de nationale loterij. Édité et dirigé par Mateusz Chmurski & Arvi sepp Sommaire Mateusz Chmurski (Sorbonne Université), Arvi sepp (Vrije Universiteit Brussel/Université d'Anvers), Introduction Mateusz Chmurski (Sorbonne Université), Corps, texte/corps, littérature : la comptabilité existentielle chez Csáth et Gombrowicz Pawel rodak (Université de Varsovie), (Re)découvertes des journaux d'écrivains polonais du XXe siècle : problèmes et méthodes Arvi sepp (Vrije Universiteit Brussel/Université d'Anvers), La réarticulation des subjectivités judéo-allemandes : Les « Ostjuden » comme figures discursives dans l'écriture diaristique de Victor Klemperer Annelies augustyns (Université d'Anvers/Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Deux diaristes à Breslau sous le Troisième Reich : Walter Tausk et Willy Cohn. Lecture et comparaison de leurs journaux intimes Clara royer (Sorbonne Université), From Private Practice to Novelization: Imre Kertész's Galley-Boat Log RÉDACTION: 4, boulevard de l'Empereur, 1000 Bruxelles. Prière d'adresser à la Rédaction les manuscrits et les ouvrages pour compte rendu. REDACTIE: Keizerslaan, 4 1000 Brussel. Gelieve teksten en boeken ter recensie aan de Redactie te zenden. Prière d'adresser les demandes d'abonnements, les commandes diverses, etc., Revue belge de Philologie et d'Histoire kbr -Bibliothèque royale 4, boulevard de l'Empereur,

This article focuses on three, Second World War, female diarists writing about self-control, self-definition, and self-assertion. The diarists are: Jane Hoyake (GDP 306), a 70 year old living in German-occupied Amsterdam; Ethel Johnson (GDP 7), an internment camp prisoner; and Evelyn (GDP XX), coming-to-age in England. The paper starts with an exploration of the women’s multifaceted and, often, contradictory experiences of war. Jane, for example, shows us that her sense of agency is under-fire, not from starvation, exile or German troops, but from her lack of self-control. She declares herself determined to fashion her own being: a religious form of self-abnegation. It is clear, she is far from thinking that she has triumphed in the adventure. Our diarists highlight the ways in which the form’s special character captures the fragmented and ambiguous nature of experience. Irrespective of how much we learn of our diarists, whether it be a lot or very little, we are as often confronted by what we realise we still don’t know. A gappy “intimate history” and a sort of heuristic heaven, the diaries invite us to explore what we can say about trauma, agency, and about the diary-form, on teasingly slight data (Hartman 2019). With the support of insights drawn from Wittgenstein’s and Einstein’s diary-writing, the second section of the article sketches a handful of ways in which the diary-form’s “poetics” and modus operandi can point to interpretative strategies that are well-suited to navigating such elusive territory. It does so precisely because the form will not be standardized. The penultimate section of the article introduces perspectives from the “gap hypothesis”. This supposes that even the fullest account of a person’s life (one’s own or others’) is full of unknowns, or gaps. Contrariwise, the least fragment can be rewarding if tantalizing. The “gap hypothesis” is a diary-derived interpretative mode that goes beyond the diary and amounts to a strategy for the discussion of veracity, not least in seeing that the “poetics” of the form are truth-seeking and aesthetically effective. The article ends by suggesting that the diary-form’s “poetic”, exemplified so powerfully by Jane, Ethel, and Evelyn, can help us discuss perennial issues that now matter in new and powerful ways.

In this thesis I develop a critical approach to self-writing and especially to the ‘deliberately introspective’ diary. An important element in the work is an analysis of how issues surrounding the discussion of the self, free-will, and voice have been negotiated by critics of self-writing and two exemplars of deliberately introspective writing: Marcus Aurelius and Susan Sontag. It is proposed that consideration of the deliberately introspective diary – by being so obviously personal and therefore concerned with issues bearing on the elusive concept of self - uniquely energises discussion of the self and self-writing.
Close analysis of current self-writing commentary finds that critics tend to become entangled in futilely reconciling what the thesis argues are unavoidable contradictions between and within two competing accounts of the self and personal autonomy, broadly to be characterised as Humanist and ‘post-modern’. Criticism is also found to stumble on the ineluctable complexities of such concepts. Philippe Lejeune (in, On Diary); Jacques Derrida (in, The Postcard: from Socrates to Freud and Beyond and, Writing and Difference); Ihab Hassan (in, ‘Quest for the Subject: The Self in Literature’); Patricia Meyer Spacks (in, ‘How to Read a Diary’); Shirley Neuman (in, ‘Autobiography: From Different Poetics to a Poetics of Differences’); and Susan Sontag (in her critical work and diaries) are signal amongst several astute critics of self-writing. Even amongst these there is some critical confusion and even angst. As a remedy, a critical approach of ‘deliberate eclecticism’ is developed. The approach is designed to prompt and enable the critic to interrogate and to deploy the merits of competing and conflicted interpretative perspectives without attempting to resolve their irresolvable tensions. Having developed the case for deliberate eclecticism the thesis returns to intertextual analysis of the deliberately introspective writing of Aurelius and Sontag and finds that the approach is robust. It is concluded that the approach, the strategy of judiciously deploying different vantage points at different times, is a useful analytical tool and frees criticism of self-writing from dialectical partisanship. It is more tentatively concluded that the critical approach of deliberate eclecticism can be applied to wider literary criticism, and to any other discipline that returns to consideration of the self and free-will.

« Ce matin à 10h ¾ nous prîmes congé de la Reine et suivis de beaucoup de monde nous nous rendîmes à bord . » C’est par ces quelques mots que commence le récit du voyage que de la princesse Joséphine (1808-1876) s’apprête à réaliser en famille au début du mois de juin 1835.
La princesse Joséphine naît en 1808 à Milan. Fille d’Eugène de Leuchtenberg (1781-1824) – et donc petite-fille de l’impératrice Joséphine (1763-1814), première épouse de l'empereur Napoléon - et de la princesse Auguste-Amélie de Bavière (1788-1851), elle connaît une enfance insouciante, en Italie puis en Allemagne, entourée de ses nombreux frères et sœurs. En 1823, elle quitte le foyer familial pour Stockholm où elle est promise au futur roi, le prince Oscar (1799-1859). Mère de cinq enfants, elle devient reine consort en 1844 lorsque son époux accède au trône du double royaume de Suède et de Norvège.
À partir de 1824, elle tient un journal, d’abord de manière sporadique, puis quotidienne. Certains carnets, correspondant à la période où son époux la trompe activement, auraient été détruits, mais quatre sont parvenus jusqu’à nous , dont un agenda de l’année 1835 qu'elle remplit scrupuleusement tous les jours et qui nous dévoile les activités et pensées quotidienne de cette future reine.
Nous avons fait le choix de nous concentrer ici sur l’année 1835, en raison de la qualité de la source à notre disposition et tout particulièrement du récit du voyage que Joséphine, encore princesse, effectue en famille, au départ de Stockholm et jusqu’à Christiania durant un peu plus de trois mois. Narrant un riche voyage d’agrément, ce journal nous plonge dans l’intimité de cette femme, conciliant ses rôles de mère de famille, épouse, sœur et belle-fille, et surtout une future reine qui parcourt son royaume.
Au-delà des dimensions personnelles relatées dans son récit, je serai particulièrement attentive au regard qu’elle porte sur ce double royaume scandinave et ses habitants, mais aussi sur les réalités du voyage - climat, aléas - et le rapport à l’autre - les Suédois et les Norvégiens, mais aussi avec son époux, ses enfants, et son frère Maximilien de Leuchtenberg qui se joint à eux).

August 2025 will be remembered not primarily for the places I traveled, the sermons I preached, or even the books I published, but for the people I encountered along the way. As Martin Buber once wrote, “All real living is meeting.” Life at its deepest level is about encounter—the mysterious, Spirit-filled meeting between one person and another, where God Himself often draws near.
This month, my journey stretched between Korea and Cambodia. Two countries, two cultures, two very different settings—yet the common thread was always people. Whether it was sitting across a table in Seoul, praying in Phnom Penh, or walking along the river with friends, the moments that mattered most were not in the scenery but in the faces of those I met.
In Korea, I was blessed to reconnect with long-time friends, family, and ministry partners. I celebrated with the Oasis staff who welcomed Jenny back with a feast. I sat across from Pastor Ken and Professor BJ over sushi, remembering decades of friendship that have matured into present collaboration. I laughed with DK at Agapao Café, listening in awe to his testimony of producing music for YG Entertainment while remaining a faithful intercessor. Each conversation reminded me that God has planted faithful men and women in every sphere of life, and that our stories intersect in ways that reveal His greater story.
I also had the joy of reconnecting with family—dinners in Chung Dam Dong with the Oh’z family, filled with memories of the past and gratitude for how God has lifted the next generation. I visited art exhibits, where friends like Ryan Kim displayed the fruit of years of growth, marriage, and creativity. Each of these encounters, though ordinary on the surface, carried the extraordinary weight of God’s providence.
In Cambodia, my days were just as full, though the settings were different. At Oasis House, Jenny and I shared in devotion and even a moving foot-washing ceremony with our staff. These brothers and sisters, many of whom have grown alongside us for nearly a decade, are no longer colleagues—they are family. I met with Missionary Kim and his wife, sharing not just a meal but the encouragement of two couples who have given their lives to the same calling. I rejoiced as Sophea began teaching Jenny’s book on Inner Healing, a visible fruit of discipleship as the next generation of Khmer leaders rises up.
Even the seemingly small encounters carried eternal weight. Sharing lunch with Nit, once a teenage boy we knew and now a father and minister, filled me with gratitude for the long arc of God’s work in a life. Meeting Juvie, a young Cambodian rapper, stirred my heart with new possibilities of music and message intertwining to save lives from despair. Sitting with my South African brother Morne, I found myself asking, “Are you a hill or a mountain?”—a conversation that pointed us both back to obedience over appearance.
Looking back, I realize that this month’s testimony is less about the accomplishments—the books published, the lectures given, the swimming milestones recorded—and more about the people God wove into my journey. Each meeting was like a brushstroke on the canvas of this month, and together they reveal a portrait of grace, friendship, and mission.
Martin Buber’s reminder echoes in my heart: “Life is about encounter.” When I sat with professors, pastors, cousins, or young leaders, I was meeting more than just individuals. I was meeting God’s image-bearers, His workmanship, His beloved children. In their stories, I heard God’s voice. In their struggles, I saw Christ’s compassion. In their joy, I tasted the fellowship of the Spirit.
This month has taught me again that ministry is not primarily about programs, numbers, or even books, but about people. Every encounter is holy ground, every conversation an opportunity for God’s Kingdom to break in. May this testimony, woven out of many such encounters, bear witness to the truth that God is with us—not in abstract theories, but in the flesh-and-blood meetings of life.

Traditional self-monitoring tools in psychotherapy-such as mood diaries and standard Likert scales-often focus on the intensity of emotions or the frequency of behaviors but neglect a fundamental therapeutic construct: congruence, the alignment between one's actions, feelings, and personal values. Building on humanistic and value-based frameworks (e.g., Rogers' concept of congruence and the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy approach), this paper introduces a novel therapeutic diary designed to operationalize and monitor congruence across key life domains. The tool combines a dynamic authenticity scale, a domain-based categorization, and a collaborative weekly review process, providing a structured yet flexible method to track behavioral change. This article outlines the conceptual foundation, describes the diary's core components, and discusses methodological considerations for future validation.

Translated, Annotated, and with an Introduction by Kimberly Katz
Foreword by Salim Tamari

Writing in his late teens and early twenties, Sāmī ‘Amr gave his diary an apt subtitle: The Battle of Life, encapsulating both the political climate of Palestine in the waning years of the British Mandate as well as the contrasting joys and troubles of family life.

Now translated from the Arabic, Sāmī's diary represents a rare artifact of turbulent change in the Middle East.

Written over four years, these ruminations of a young man from Hebron brim with revelations about daily life against a backdrop of tremendous transition.

Describing the public and the private, the modern and the traditional, Sāmī muses on relationships, his station in life, and other universal experiences while sharing numerous details about a pivotal moment in Palestine's modern history. Making these never-before-published reflections available in translation, Kimberly Katz also provides illuminating context for Sāmī's words, laying out biographical details of Sāmī, who kept his diary private for close to sixty years.

One of a limited number of Palestinian diaries available to English-language readers, the diary of Sāmī ‘Amr bridges significant chasms in our understanding of Middle Eastern, and particularly Palestinian, history.

Kimberly Katz is Associate Professor of Middle East History at Towson University in Towson, Maryland. She is also the author of Jordanian Jerusalem: Holy Places and National Spaces.

C’est aux amitiés épistolaires de Germaine de Staël telles qu’elles se donnent à lire dans la correspondance entretenue au temps de l’exil que cet article sera consacré. Il s’agira d’abord de déterminer la façon dont l’écrivaine envisage la correspondance durant son séjour forcé à Coppet ; on tentera, ensuite, de voir les rôles qu’elle lui assigne lors du périple à travers l’Europe qui la mènera en Angleterre, avant de montrer en quoi la correspondance staëlienne peut être qualifiée de laboratoire à la fois littéraire et auctorial.

Kågeträskdagboken är tillkommen mellan 1891 och 1901. Den är skriven av systrarna Greta och Lovisa Dahlqvist på Anten-Ors gård i Kågeträsk i norra Västerbotten. I dagboken får vi en inblick i det dagliga livet på gården, med många uppgifter om husfolkets utomhusarbete under vår, sommar och höst samt kvinnornas inomhusarbete under vinterhalvåret med vävning, stickning och andra aktiviteter. Det sociala livet i byn har en framträdande plats i dagboken, och uppgifter om nattfrierier, giftermål, födslar och död dokumenteras noggrant.

Själva dagboksutgåvan består av två volymer. I denna första volym presenteras dagbokens historiska och sociala sammanhang. Där finns också register över personer, ortnamn och dialektord samt förteckningar över källor och litteratur. I den andra, redan utgivna volymen, återfinns den omfattande dagboken med tolkning och kommentarer. En kommande, tredje volym behandlar vis- och gåtböckerna från samma tid.

Личный дневник российского государственного
деятеля М. А. Корфа представляет собой редкий пример сли-
яния интереса личного и государственного, в частности глубо-
ко личного переживания общественно-политических событий.
Большинство записей касаются перипетий в высших институ-
тах николаевской власти (царской семье, Государственном сове-
те, министерствах и специальных комитетах). Эти события, как
представляется, составляют основной жизненный интерес авто-
ра дневников и вызывают у него наибольший эмоциональный
отклик, нередко выраженный в минорных тонах грусти и печа-
ли. Не менее эмоционально реагирует Корф на внешнеполити-
ческие события, в частности на революцию 1848 г. во Франции,
а также на недостаточно быстрый, по его мнению, карьерный
рост. При этом традиционные причины для печали, например
болезни и смерти коллег и знакомых, вызывают у него лишь хо-
лодное любопытство. Образ Корфа в дневниках предстает двоя-
ким: индивидуальные черты образованного дворянина середи-
ны XIX в. сочетаются с характерным для элиты предыдущего
XVIII в. восприятием монарха как сакральной фигуры и соот-
ветствующим к нему отношением. Печаль и ее формы, выража-
емые Корфом в дневниках, рельефно описывают модель власт-
ной иерархии, выстроенную Николаем I. В центре этой модели
находится сам император — источник основных радостей и го-
рестей для высших чиновников и придворных, при этом печаль
их увеличивается в прямой зависимости от расстояния до него.

The personal diary of a prominent Russian statesman,
M. A. Korf, is a rare example of a fusion of personal and state
interests, in particular, of a deeply personal experience of sociopolitical
events. Most of the entries relate to incidents in the highest
institutions of the Nicholas I’s regime (the imperial family,
the State Council, the ministries and special committees). These
events seem to be the main life interest of the author and provoke
his strongest emotional response, often expressed melancholically:
with sadness and distress. Korf reacts no less emotionally
to foreign policy events, in particular, the revolution of 1848
in France; as well as, in his opinion, his own overly slow career
growth. At the same time, traditional reasons for sadness, such
as illnesses and deaths of colleagues and acquaintances, arouse
in him nothing but cold curiosity. The image of the author in his
diaries appears twofold: the individual features of an educated
nobleman of the mid-19th century merge with an approach inherent
to the elite of the 18th century, namely, forming the image of
a God-like monarch and the corresponding attitude towards him.
Various forms of sadness expressed by Korf in his diariesvividly
describe the model of the power hierarchy established by Nicholas
I. The emperor is the very centre of this model: he is the source of
major joys and sorrows for senior officials and courtiers, and their
sadness increases in direct proportion to their distance from the
emperor.

Studying the associations between actual, assumed, and perceived understanding within couples. The current study examined the associations between actual, assumed, and perceived understanding and partners' levels of dyadic adjustment. One hundred fifty two couples provided questionnaire data (assumed and perceived understanding), participated in a videotaped conflict interaction, and in a video-review task to assess actual understanding (empathic accuracy). The data were analyzed by means of the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM). The results suggest that (1) some aspects of how well someone assumes that (s)he has understood the partner during a preceding conflict interaction were positively associated with the own objective level of understanding (actor effect), (2) that someone's perception of how understood (s)he feels was not associated with the partner's objective level of understanding (partner effect), and (3) perceived understanding, but not actual understanding, was positively associated with dyadic adjustment.

The study reported in this research note sought to extend the research on motivated empathic accuracy by exploring whether intimate partners who are highly motivated to induce change in their partner during conflicts will be more empathically accurate than partners who are less motivated. In a laboratory experiment, the partners' within 26 cohabiting couples were randomly assigned the role of conflict initiator. The partners provided questionnaire data, participated in a videotaped conflict interaction, and completed a video-review task. More blaming behavior was associated with higher levels of empathic accuracy, irrespective of whether one was the conflict initiator or not. The results also showed a two-way interaction indicating that initiators who applied more pressure on their partners to change were less empathically accurate than initiators who applied less pressure, whereas their partners could counter this pressure when they could accurately "read" the initiator's thoughts and feelings.

One of the challenges in the motivation literature is examining the simultaneous effect of different motivational mechanisms on overall motivation and performance. The motivational congruence theory addresses this by stipulating that different motivational mechanisms can reinforce each other if they have similar effects on the perceived locus of causality. Reward salience and choice are two motivational mechanisms which their joint effects have been long debated. Built upon the motivational congruence effect, a recent empirical study affirms that a salient reward in a condition characterized by lack of choice and a non-salient reward in a condition characterized by provision of choice both increase overall motivation and performance. In this study, we examine the effect of reward salience and choice on overall motivation and performance in a controlling context, an effect which has not been studied before. A 2 (choice: present, absent) × 3 (reward: salient, non-salient, none) factor...

Я коренная камчадалка, точнее ительменка, наша народность насчитывает около 1000 человек. Родилась я в 1950 году. Когда моя мама вышла второй раз замуж (1952 г.), мы жили в селении Ганалы, где говорили на ительменском наречии, чего мама, 1929 г. р., уже воспитанная и жившая до второго замужества в русскоязычном селе, немного побаивалась. В основном там жили охотники (отца я не помню, а мой отчим был охотником -он на много дней уезжал на собачьей упряжке в горы, в лес для охоты на пушного зверя), а в середине 50-х годов этот поселок стал невыгоден для государства и постепенно закрыли начальную (срок обучения первые 4 года) школу, сельсовет, магазин, почту. Мы вынуждены были переехать в 1955 году в другое село -Малки. Здесь еще оставались элементы ительменского быта: охота, рыболовство, собирание ягод, трав, я хочу сказать, что преобладали эти промыслы, земля же обрабатывалась для того только, чтобы прокормить данное селение. Малки постигает та же участь: закрывается сельсовет, школа… И мы в 1957 году вновь переезжаем в другое место, т. к. у родителей тогда уже было пятеро детей (позже еще 2-е детей) и я тоже готовилась пойти в школу. Мы поселились в долине реки Камчатки (места уже почти три века русскоязычные), на родине моей мамы, если учесть, что расстояние между селениями -десятки-сотни километров, а ительмены ведут оседлый образ жизни, и языки в двух поселках могли незначительно отличаться друг от друга. Надо отметить, что школы в Ганалах и Малках были русскими, т. к. ительменский язык бесписьменный и употреблялся только в быту. Была попытка создать письменность на латинской основе (в 30-х годах изданы букварь и учебник арифметики), но ительмены в большинстве были неграмотны, да и часто велись такие разговоры, что местное *Научный архив НИПЦ «Мемориал». Ф. П-1 (Р. И. Пименов). Коллекция самиздата. Ед. хр. 7.29. Машинописный текст (4 с.). Орфография и пунктуация оригинала передаются без изменений, Опубл. во фр. пер.: Sinanevt 1980. (Здесь и далее см. список литературы к предваряющей статье Анны Шибаровой).

We study the relationships between sources and consequences of employee mood, examining customer service representatives in a service organization. Using daily reports of mood, we examine both the mood state that people bring to the workplace at the start of the day and customer emotional contagion as sources of worker mood during the day. Further, we examine the influence of worker daily mood on outcomes such as work attitudes and performance. Controlling for trait affectivity in all analyses, we show consistent findings for the importance of mood at work. First, we find that start-of-day positive and negative mood have a strong influence on worker mood throughout the day. Second, customer positive mood influences worker mood, but customer negative mood only influences worker mood for inexperienced workers. Finally, worker positive and negative mood influence a number of performance measures, including task engagement. Positive mood is positively related to availability to customers, fewer call transfers, and task engagement. Negative mood is negatively related to the number of calls a worker takes per hour and to task engagement.

Relatos  de  viagem  são  textos  privilegiados  para  o estudo  das  percepções  sobre a  alteridade  e,  a  partir destas,  para  a  manifestação  e  reflexão  por  parte  do escritor-viajante sobre a sua identidade. Procuramos identificar  o  estabelecimento  de  tais  relações  n’O Turista  Aprendiz,  diário  de  viagem  do  escritor modernista brasileiro Mário de Andrade durante sua excursão pelo rio Amazonas,  em 1927. Na  obra, asconsiderações  de Andrade  sobre  si  e  sobre  o  outro buscam, com humor, problematizar o eurocentrismo,    bem    como    estão    atreladas    à preocupação    do    autor    com    as    questões    da identidade  e  da  cultura  nacionais.  Tal  interesse direciona  a  observação  do  poeta  à  cultura  material, à  música,  às  variantes  linguísticas  e  à  alimentação amazônicas.  Sustentamos  que  os  escritos  do  diário deixam  entrever  a  importância  da  experiência  da viagem  à Amazônia  para  a  forja  da  concepção,  por parte  de  Mário,  da  brasilidade  como  um  fenômeno cultural    sincrético,    pluralista    e    atinente    à experiência  popular  cotidiana.  Assim,  acreditamos que  não  é  adequado  considerar  os  discursos presentes n’O  Turista  Aprendiz como  mero  reflexo do  Modernismo  marioandradiano.  Este  também teria  sido  moldado  pelo  que  Mário  viu,  ouviu, provou, conversou e refletiu na Amazônia.

Об одной публикации И.Алкина в журнале «Революционный Восток» А.Т. Сибгатуллина Институт востоковедения РАН Москва, Российская Федерация Статья посвящена анализу рецензии Илиаса Алкина на изданный в 1931 г. в Москве «Сборник татарской литературы» под редакцией П.А. Радимова. Сборник стал одной из первых антологий татарской литературы в переводе на русский язык. Свой вклад в составление этой антологии внес крупный ученый в области татарского языкознания Галимджан Шараф. Автор рецензии-И.С. Алкин был не только выдающимся деятелем национального движения татар и башкир в 1917-1920 гг., но и известным специалистом в области экономической географии Средней Азии. Кроме того, он участвовал в обсуждении литературных вопросов и активно сотрудничал в журнале «Революционный Восток» (издание Коммунистического университета трудящихся Востока, 1927-1938). Его статья, опубликованная в данном журнале в 1932 г., представляет собой резкое «разоблачение» идеологической основы сборника и отражает напряженную атмосферу в Советской России 1930-х гг., когда критика и литературное творчество становились орудиями политической борьбы.

July 2025: A Journey of Grace, Books, and Boundless Miles
July unfolded like a kaleidoscope of divine appointments: at dawn we were slicing through Cambodia’s placid pool waters before hopping on flights to Seoul, and at dusk we were debriefing AI workshops by Zoom while our suitcases circled the globe once more. In just these thirty-one days, we found ourselves delivering impromptu lectures in dusty church halls, advising doctoral candidates on Kierkegaard’s “invisible church,” and convening legal trusts for our Cambodian ministry—all while drafting, editing, and polishing three new books into existence. Praise the Lord that Living Like Kierkegaard: June 2025, To Those Who Want to End It All: BewhY Says..., and Dr. Michio Ogino’s Kierkegaard’s Incarnational Mission all reached the press by month’s end!
Amid the swirl of airport terminals and prayer meetings, God faithfully wove unexpected blessings into every turn of our itinerary. A missed group photo in Phnom Penh became an AI-corrected gallery of laughter; a $54 royalty check funded a stack of children’s books in Huntington Beach; and a surprise shout-out at Busan’s Kierkegaard Festival reminded us that even small gatherings bear eternal fruit. We navigated immigration offices in Daejeon, celebrated funding from Singapore’s Solomon’s Porch, and paused for shared bowls of pho, bosam, and bibimbap—each meal doubling as a moment of fellowship and reflective worship.
Behind each “crazy” travel schedule lay a steady heartbeat of purpose: the call to speak truth into despair, to equip emerging leaders, and to manifest Christ’s compassion in every context. Whether wrestling with suicide-prevention data, mentoring Cambodian students, or simply cleaning a neighbor’s pool as a Boy Scout promise reborn, every step was a “small square of obedience” in a mosaic far greater than we could imagine.
As we close the chapter on July’s whirlwind, our hearts are full: full of gratitude for three books birthed, countless prayers answered, and miles traveled under providential guidance. Here’s to trusting that the same Patient Artist who orchestrated this month will continue to lead us—square by glorious square—into all He has yet to write. PTL!

Il contributo si propone di attraversare passi scelti della produzione poetica, diaristica ed epistolare della poeta milanese, ridefinendo i contorni di un pensiero risoluto ma fiaccato dalla storia. E se la prima pubblicazione di alcuni suoi componimenti si ebbe postuma nel 1939, curata dal padre che se ne fa censore, la recente riscoperta e il successo delle sue fatiche liriche e prosastiche oggi possono restituirci in parte la dimensione lirica di una delle poete italiane del margine rimasta in attesa di ascolto come «piccola ombra / in riva alla luce».

Known both for his literary and for his theological work, Gala
Galaction (1879-1961) was one of the important voices of the Romanian
culture from the 20th century. While his novels have consecrated him among
the relevant writers in the area of realism, the translation of the Bible in the
Romanian language that he made in 1938 together with Vasile Radu, and his
books of theology come to speak about a man with important contributions
in the theological scholarship. Among the relevant works signed by him that
can be counted at the borders between literature and spirituality there must
be mentioned also his diary. Containing in its first part letters to nun Zoe that
he falls in love with and whom he later marries, but also notes about his inner
life, there are also passages that can be subsumed to the spiritual
autobiography. We have tried here to present the aforementioned work
through the eyes of this genre in order to see how introspection, care for
spirituality, or liturgical service have influenced his life and his way of
thinking.

las cartas y dIarIos dE guatEmala dE aNdrZEJ BoBKoWsKI como EJEmplos dE traduccIóN IN-tErcultural. propuEsta dE uN NuEVo ENFoQuE traductológIco abstract. Kasperska Iwona, Las cartas y diarios de Guatemala de Andrzej Bobkowski como ejemplos de traducción intercultural. Propuesta de un nuevo enfoque traductológico. [andrzej Bobkowski's letters and diaries from guatemala as an example of intercultural translation. a new approach to translation]. studia

Ruth, the sole survivor of her murdered family, managed to survive two years in the Vilna ghetto using her intelligence and common sense, helped by luck and miracles. Just two days before the ghetto’s liquidation in September 1943, Ruth escaped with the help of her former boss’ Christian wife, and found a hiding place in a barn on a farm 20 kilometers from Vilna, where she hid for nearly a year. During the last two months in the barn, Ruth wrote a diary in Yiddish describing her three-year ordeal. The diary is an extraordinary document in which Ruth, not knowing if she will come out of the barn alive, bares her soul as she writes down her personal thoughts and feelings about everything she has lived through. This rare diary is one of the few records of the Vilna ghetto in the Holocaust literature written by a woman.

This paper meticulously examines the ministry of Jesus Christ as the foundational and enduring paradigm for Christian leadership. Moving beyond conventional power dynamics, it unpacks Jesus' revolutionary approach, characterized by divine authority exercised through humble servant-hood, radical compassion, and unwavering commitment to truth. The study delves into His missional mandate, transformative teaching, empowering healing, and confrontational justice.

Crucially, it explores His leadership through suffering, sacrifice, and ultimate resurrection, alongside the empowering role of the Holy Spirit and the Church as His body. By drawing from biblical narratives and theological insights, this analysis illuminates essential qualities like agape love, integrity, and strategic vision, fostering a leadership model centered on Kingdom values. Ultimately, this paper offers a timeless and transformative blueprint for Christian leaders navigating contemporary challenges, urging adherence to Christ's example as the ultimate source of authentic and impactful influence.

Белорусский вопрос на начальном этапе формирования государственности II Речи Посполитой — политическая и социально-культурная проблема, или неиспользованный шанс народной консолидации?В статье даётся характеристика белорусского вопроса при власти Речи Посполитой на начальном этапе формирования основ государственности, то есть с 1919 до начала 1922 года, а также выводы по основному тезису работы. Анализ опирается на архивные материалы из архива института Юзефа Пилсудского в Америке и имеющуюся научную литературу.Выдвинут тезис о больших трудностях оценки властей II Речи Посполитой в связи с проблемами народной консолидации в восточной и северо-восточной Польше. Автор разделяет мнение о разнице источников и условности проблем, связанных с жизнью белорусского населения, влияющей и на безопасность II Речи Посполитой.Можно утверждать, что власти II Речи Посполитой были в курсе масштаба проблем, связанных с функционированием белорусского меньшинства. Были предприняты усилия для осуществле...