Castle Studies

Het artikel behandelt het consolidatie- en restauratieproces van het Groot Kasteel in Deurne na de Tweede Wereldoorlog en de naoorlogse carriêre van de laatste kasteelheer, Theodore baron de Smeth van Deurne.

Dit artikel is gepubliceerd in D'n Uytbeyndel, blad van Heemkundekring H.N. Ouwerling te Deurne, editie 120 (najaar 2025). In deze online versie zijn enkele kleine foutjes gecorrigeerd.

Franciaország északi részén, a felső-franciaországi Aisne megye Fère-en-Tardenois nevű, mintegy 3000 lelket számláló településén, a világtól kissé elzárva fekszik a község nevét viselő romvár, amely méltán híres a napjainkban is álló, lélegzetelállító szépségű reneszánsz hídgalériájáról. A megpihenni vágyó látogatókat az erődítmény mellett létesített, festői kilátással bíró nívós, 17. században emelt kastélyszálló várja.

A sátoraljaújhelyi vár tudományos tervkutatási program keretében zajló régészeti feltárása 2007-ben kezdődött, s azóta is folyamatosan tart. A kezdeti évek kisebb arányú, kutatási pályázatokból finanszírozott munkálatai után 2017-től egy horizontálisan és vertikálisan is kiterjedt léptékű, részben a vár jövőbeni örökségturisztikai hasznosításának szempontjaihoz igazodó régészeti feltárás kezdődött. A terepi munkát, továbbá a leletanyag restaurálását és feldolgozását is magában foglaló programot a feltárásokat kezdeményező Sátoraljaújhely Város Önkormányzata által elnyert turisztikai célú pályázatokból valósíthatjuk meg. Jelentésünkben a 2018 – 2020 között elvégzett régészeti feltárások terepi megfigyeléseinek előzetes összegzését végezzük el, érintve a leletanyag időközben megkezdett elsődleges feldolgozásának eredményeit. Röviden bemutatjuk a felszínre került romokon eddig elvégzett fizikai beavatkozásokat is – utalva a megkezdett turisztikai hasznosítási program elvi szempontjaira.

Les presents propostes són el producte de cinc anys de recerca sistemàtica al voltant dels documents altmedievals de les esglésies de Sant Pere. Un gran èxit va ser, ja fa un parell d'anys, la publicació del diplomatari de les esglésies d'Ègara. Mirant de seguir una dinàmica de treball continuat i crític, de polir les idees que es tenen i que es construeixen entorn de la història medieval de Terrassa, a continuació provarem d'oferir noves perspectives d'estudi, no només de les esglésies de Sant Pere (procurant d'evitar, de nou, una mirada excessivament museística i patrimonial al recinte, i de dotar-la del contingut històric necessari per tal d'incitar al reciclatge del coneixement i la recerca), sinó també de tot el territori del Terracium castellum i del castrum Terracense, al principi (segles IX-X), i del castrum Terracie, durant els segles X-XII. Volem mostrar quines són les principals novetats que per a la història medieval presenta la documentació de les esglésies de Sant Pere, i sobretot per a l'anàlisi de l'origen i la formació d'una domus: una casa eclesiàstica dins un règim feudal. Els documents que presentem no parlen directament de l'origen baiximperial de les esglésies, ni parlen del seu desenvolupament durant la baixa edat mitj ana. En tot cas, de vegades, fan com unflash-back cap als seus orígens antics, i presenten intuïcions al voltant del futur. Els documents són textos escrits i, per tant, diuen, semblen dir, poden voler dir, o no diuen pas. El que ara farem és presentar allò que diuen d'entrada, sense un gran esforç de lectura, i demostrarem que les possibilitats d'aquesta documentació són altíssimes. En primer lloc, i fonamentalment, per a refer la història de les esglésies de Sant Pere, i en segon lloc, per a refer la història medieval de Terrassa. Fa deu anys el I Simposi Internacional (i malauradament l'únic fms ara) sobre les esglésies de Sant Pere es va fer ressò d'una mancança, i era precisament la de la documentació medieval relativa a les esglésies. Avui, amb l'edició del present diplomatari, la del diplomatari del monestir de Sant Llorenç del Munt i la del diplomatari de la cartoixa de Montalegre, ens trobem en una situació única a tot el territori català. Són ben pocs els indrets que disposen de tantíssima documentació altmedieval original com el terme de Terrassa, i, malgrat aquesta condició privilegiada, la història de les esglésies de Santa Maria d'Ègara, és a dir, de Sant Pau, Sant Vicenç, Sant Sadurní, Santa Eulàlia, Sant Just i Sant Pastor, i Santa Maria, encara ens ofereix molts interrogants. La cronologia que abasta aquest primer diplomatari, i que cobreix l'espai de temps entre el 958 i ei 1207, es pot dividir en tres etapes, força clares, de desenvolupament i funcionament de les esglésies: 958-1037,1038-1112 i 1113-1207. Abans de passar a analitzar-les, però, hem de dir que tenim poques notícies del que passa abans del 958, malgrat que probablement ja existia alguna cosa: l'única notícia certa és de l'any 874, en què un tal Baió va ser amonestat pel bisbe Frodwin (o Frodoí) de Barcelona perquè, sembla, volia tenir una certa autonomia en la presa de decisions. Des de llavors, silenci. Pot ser que ja existís un grup de clergues organitzats al terme, dels quals en sabem alguns noms, però no podem acabar de precisar quin tipus de contacte o relació podien tenir amb les esglésies. La primera notícia i primera etapa coneguda comença l'any 958, any de la probable instauració de la domus de Sant Pau (que després es dirà Sant Pere). Ens trobem, a més, amb una comunitat de clergues seculars estables, que porta-

Dank der günstigen naturräumlichen Lage wurde der Würzburger Raum schon in der Vorgeschichte intensiv besiedelt. Die Entstehung des frühmittelalterlichen Herzogs- und Bischofssitzes und seine Entwicklung zur Stadt lassen sich anhand archäologischer Quellen punktuell beleuchten. Dabei zeigen sich im links- und rechtsmainischen Stadtgebiet sowie auf dem Marienberg mitunter innere Differenzierungen während der Merowinger- und Karolingerzeit.

Článek přináší výsledky průzkumu a dokumentace pozůstatků věžové tvrze (či hrádku) Hrochův Hrádek (okres Příbram). Upozorňuje také na
dosud bezvýsledné snahy o konzervaci stavby a rychlý úbytek zdiva i vypovídací hodnoty. Věž byla vystavěna patrně v průběhu 1. poloviny
14. století v areálu opuštěného raně středověkého hradiště, kterému se věnuje druhá část práce.

Des fouilles archéologiques menées par l’Université libanaise ont été réalisées en 2015 et 2016 sur le site de Gbail/Byblos. Le présent article se concentre sur l’une des phases de cette opération, conduite en juillet 2015, qui a permis la mise au jour d’un mur de fortifications, identifié comme un glacis datant de l’Âge du Bronze. Les objectifs de cette mission-là étaient d’analyser les phases de construction de certaines sections du château médiéval et de réévaluer les interventions antérieures, depuis les premières recherches effectuées par Ernest Renan au XIXe siècle. Les premières analyses de la céramique associée aux structures de l’Âge du Bronze révèlent deux phases d’occupation distinctes : le Chalcolithique / Bronze ancien I, ainsi que le Bronze ancien II-III. La majorité de la céramique est d’origine locale et sa typologie présente des affinités stylistiques notables avec des assemblages similaires mis au jour sur d’autres sites archéologiques du Liban.

Ацэнка праектаў рэвіталізацыі ў Беларусі патрабуе аб'ектыўнасьці, якую могуць забяспечыць ясныя крытэры. Досвед такой ацэнкі назапашаны ў краінах ЕС. Кожны праект  прэтэндуючы на дафінансаванне са сродкаў  ЕС, прахозіць некалькі стадый ацэнкі. Для ацэнкі праекту рэвіталізацыі гістарычнай забудовы Брэста застасаваныя т.з. крытэры "допуску", якія добра вядомыя ў Беларусі, бо яны прадугледжаны Нормамі

The paper presents the results of archaeological excavations and datamining of historical sources concerning a motteandbailey castle once located in the area of Kadłub. This castle made part of the no longer extant allodium Garten. According to evidence, the stronghold operated likely from the mid15 th century to the early 16 th century under two successive houses, namely, the von Luchows and the von Rymbabes; nonetheless, the date of construction is difficult to determine. Allodium Garten derived much of its income from aquaculture supplemented by raising cattle and-to a lesser degree-by growing corn. In the course of excavations remnants of an elongated, rectangular house were unearthed showing a timber frame, as evidenced by the house foundations. The site in question reflects the con temporaneous popularity that strongholds of this kind enjoyed. The changes linked with the passage to the Modern Era led to a diminishing relevance of the motteandbailey castle and its abandonment, with the excavations failing to yield any traces of its violent end. Archaeological evidence crosschecked with ALS (Airborne Laser Scanning) data recorded on the site as well as written sources indicate that the surroundings of the site have undergone a substantial transformation due to human activity and have been subjected to major anthropogenic pres sure; the site was part of an interestingly designed economic centre that faded over time and was annexed into the neighbouring village of Kadłub.

Nel periodo tardoimperiale, quando già si intravedeva il medioevo all'orizzonte, Roma dovette consolidare i propri confini per far fronte ai perenni attacchi subiti dai popoli che premevano alle frontiere per affacciarsi sulle residue ricchezze di un mondo ormai decadente.

Twee bijna volledig identieke houten spitsconstructies (1389-1395d) van de Bergkerk in Deventer geanalyseerd en in hun context geplaatst. Oudste voorbeeld van spanten in een spitsconstructie en enige voorbeeld van tussenbalkspanten in een spits. Getuigend van de ontwikkeling van sporenconstructies naar spantconstructies in spitsen rond 1400 in het middeleeuwse bisdom Utrecht.
Two almost completely identical wooden pointed roof (spire) structures (1389-1395d) from the Bergkerk in Deventer analysed and placed in their context. Oldest example of trusses in a spire structure and only example of intermediate trusses in a spire. Testimony to the development of rafter structures to truss structures in spires around 1400 in the medieval diocese of Utrecht.
Zwei fast identische Holzkonstruktionen (1389-1395d) der Spitzhelme der Bergkerk in Deventer wurden analysiert und in ihren Kontext gestellt. Ältestes Beispiel für Böcke in einer Spitzkonstruktion und einziges Beispiel für Zwischenbalkenböcke in einer Spitzhelm. Zeugnis der Entwicklung von Sparrenkonstruktionen zu Böckenkonstruktionen in Spitzhelmen um 1400 im mittelalterlichen Bistum Utrecht.

Considerable growth of the fortification activities in mining area of the Middle Slovakia region occured in the 15 th century. This caused establishment of so called town castles – fortified parish churches. Additional objects inside the complex were adherent to public life of the town (town hall) or to the parish church (vicarage, ossuary, cemetery). Town castle in Banská Bystrica was built in the 14th cent. It was established around the Castle of Translation of Virgin Mary from the 13th cent. Gate tower in the area was supplemented with resident tower, called Mathew’s house. Bastions, town hall and Church of the Holy Rood were another components of the complex. Castle was rebuilt in the era of Ottoman incrusion, but afterwards lost its importance. Town castle in Kremnica arised in the 15th cent. around the Church of St. Catherine. The ossuary of St. Andrew holy originated in 1430 and it subsequently served also as an armory. tower gates and former town hall were also situated in the castle. Town castle in Banská Štiavnica accrued within rebuilding of Basilica of Virgin Mary, which arised before the incrusion of Tartars. In short distance away, there stood an Ossuary of St. Andrew. Citizens integrated bastions to castle at turn of the 14th and 15th century. Drastic proceed of reformation in 1546-1559 flow into building activities and the oldest town temple became a heart of the town defense. The aisles, for example, were divided into operations and residential rooms. Town castle in Ľubietová wasn’t situated around the Church of Mary Magdalene. Fortification of this sacral area consisted probably from poor stone wall. The castle of Ľubietová is more likely associated with fortified town hall from the time before 1382, which was built in the time of Ottoman incrusion. Castle with four corner bastions also served as protection for treasury, town archive and stores. Fortified churches in Krupina, Brezno, Zvolen and Banská Belá are in same
cases also considered as town castles. Romanesque Church of Virgin Mary was built by German colonists, who arrived in Krupina at the turn of the 12th and 13th cent. Around 1440, troops of Ján Jiskra occupied and embattled the church because of contest for power after the death of Albrech von Habsburg. The fortification was reinforced with four bastions. Church of St. Anne in Zvolen originated around 1238. Its fortification was built around the time of year 1500, hovewer the subtle construction probably indicates it never served as town castle. Nevertheless, the wall apparently served as watch point during Ottoman incrusion. Ossuary inside the fortification was built around the half of the 14th cent., which founded Chapel of Corpus Christi. Chapel was centre of hospital in the late medieval period. Town hall with prison, which is mentioned in written source from 1465, was attached to northern wall od the parish church. Connection of town government and sacral building is rare in the said area. Another building inside the complex of church was clock tower. There are known also some less effective, or in some cases less researched fortifications in the mining area. Writing sources include mention of fortalitium in town Brezno, but evidence of this fortification is unknown. We can suppose a wall around the Church of Blessed Virgin Mary from 1517. There exists some variation of wall around the Church of St. John the Gospeller in Banská Belá, but its purpose and dating are ambiguous. Church of Nová Baňa was illustrated at the 2 Military Mapping Survey. In the middle of the sqare of Nová Baňa stood a tower building, which served as residence location. It was built probably in the 14th century. Town castles in mining area of the Middle Slovakia region (mainly castles in Banská Bystrica and Kremnica) present specific types of fortification architecture and they’re regarded as exceptional type of fortifications in the Upper Hungarian Empire. Analogies can be found in the fortified churches in Transylvania. Similarities are in architecture and construction, but chuches from both countries were also symbols of dignity.

The thesis elaborates on the general text on leather girdle purses by Olaf Goubitz published in the book Purses in Pieces from 2007. A deeper analysis of this topic was made possible by personal examination of the artefacts in this Dutch collection. The Dordrecht leather purse collection is one of the most important in Europe thanks to the publication of Olaf Goubitz, but it is not systematically processed according to modern archaeological methods. The thesis addresses the pitfalls of the standard international drawing of leather artefacts when applied to the technical details of the purses and offers a more detailed description of them. A more precise description of individual details should facilitate the comparability of smaller purse fragments from elsewhere in Europe. By comparing the Dordrecht purses with purses from other sites and iconographical sources, the thesis attempts to improve the dating of this collection. The thesis includes a drawn catalogue.

Surveying Slavic ramparts in the Wendland region of Lower Saxony. – In recent years, detailed topographical maps of Slavic fortifications in north-eastern Lower Saxony have been produced. Contour maps of the Gartow-Elbholz and Brünkendorf-Schwedenschanze ramparts were compared with interpretative ground plans featuring wedge and line hatching. The Weinberg hill fort near Hitzacker was subjected to further topographical surveying. The historical and archaeological significance of the sites is outlined briefly.

An article describing and analyzing the remains of the castle of Alt-Winnenden which is a rare and early example (around 1235) for the adaptation of gothic i.e. french influences in contemporary southern german models of castle-architecture.

The Ulaan Bulag burial site, which is located in Yöröö district, Selenge province, contains 86 tombs associated with the Xiongnu period. In 2022, three tombs were excavated at this site (Ishtseren , 2022). Of these, only
Burial 3 yielded animal remains, consisting exclusively of cattle bones. In this report, we present the preliminary results of the zooarchaeological analysis of these cattle remains.

Posljednjih su se godina u gradskoj jezgri Varaždina u više navrata provodila arheološka istraživanja ili pak arheološki nadzor vezan uz razne građevinske radove. Prvo zaštitno istraživanje provedeno je još 1954. g., no ono je u sljedećih nekoliko desetljeća ostalo i jedino. Od 1993. g. iskopavanja su na području grada sve češća, a najveće istraživanje provelo se u vanjskom kompleksu Staroga grada 2006. g. u okviru projekta Bastion. Istraživanjima u gradskoj jezgri prikupile su se velike količine raznovrsnih nalaza kasnoga srednjeg i novoga vijeka. U radu su izdvojeni nalazi stakla koji potječu s nekoliko gradskih lokacija. Obrađuje se više tipova staklenih proizvoda čestih u europskim gradskim sredinama kasnoga srednjeg i ranoga novog vijeka.The archaeological excavations in the very nucleus of the city of Varaždin resulted in numerous and diverse material bearing witness to the manner of existence, trade, customs, and the lifestyle standards of citizens from the 15th to the 19th c...

Za{titnim istraivanjem koje je u najuoj gradskoj jezgri Varadina provedeno 1954. g. pridobivena je znatna koli~ina arheolo{kih nalaza. Uz ve}i drveni objekt, tzv. brvnaru datiranu u kasni srednji vijek, iskopani su brojni predmeti, raznoliki po materijalu i namjeni. Problem drvene arhitekture, njene funkcije i poloaja u odnosu na ostale gradske objekte 15. i 16. st. do sada nije rije{en pa }e se to pitanje razrije{iti tek prilikom eventualnih budu}ih istraivanja na Franjeva~kom trgu. Pokretni nalazi tako|er nisu obra|eni, a ovom prilikom su izdvojene i tipolo{ki analizirane dvije ostruge.

Passato il Monginevro, scendendo in Francia dalla Val di Susa, si può raggiungere comodamente un luogo decisamente suggestivo per farvi una gita anche "di giornata" dall'Italia. L'antica città di Briancon, sorta a 1326 metri di altezza, in un luogo chiave per i movimenti militari ed i traffici commerciali lungo i secoli, è oggi parte integrante del patrimonio tutelato dall'Unesco dal 2008. Presidio storico del Delfinato, essa sorse su insediamenti preesistenti di epoca celtico-romana e poi medievale.

Resumen: Exponemos los resultados obtenidos durante la intervención arqueológica llevada a cabo en la calle Francisco de Borja Pavón nº 22 de Córdoba. Los trabajos desarrollados en la zona de la Axerquía oriental de Córdoba dejaron entrever, a nivel arqueológico, estructuras negativas y positivas medievales andalusíes, bajomedievales, modernas y contemporáneas, que podrían apuntar al uso del solar como posible unidad defensiva y / o doméstica. Susodichos hallazgos pueden ser vinculados con estructuras encontradas en los solares que rodean nuestra intervención.

Introduction
The cost of building dams is very high and their failure can be hazardous. On the other hand, they are vital for every country as freshwater storage. Deterministic and traditional algorithms can not answer the multidimensional and complex problems of dam construction, and it is necessary to use hybrid methods based on probabilities. The problems of fluid movement in their nature have a complexity that modeling and finding requires using an advanced algorithm that can finally interpret its non-deterministic nature. Earth dams have a porous, multiphase, and complex medium, and the hydraulic and mechanical variables in different parts are associated with uncertainty. For this reason, in recent years, the regulations for the design of dams have been reforming in the direction of applying non-deterministic and probabilistic variables in the calculations. A probabilistic engineering view leads to a more realistic understanding of design than deterministic approaches. In the research, artificial intelligence (AI) methods have been used to analyze the data, which provides a predictive model of behavior for seepage discharge flow through the earth dam. In general, the present research has two purposes: a) to estimate the effect of uncertainty of the hydraulic conductivity dam on seepage discharge and b) to provide a model to estimate seepage discharge in a dimensionless way with the gene expression programming (GEP) and support vector machine (SVM) methods.

Materials and Methods
Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) with 2000 iterations was executed for stochastic analysis. The first step of the Monte Carlo simulation is the choice of the deterministic performance function. In the second step, the input variables were defined to the performance function and the probability distribution for variable/variables. By repeating the process n times, n random answers were extracted for the resulting problem, and finally, probability density function (PDF) and cumulative density function (CDF) graphs were drawn for the results. In the Fortran code of this research and to check the convergence, the hydraulic heads were compared to achieve the difference obtained in iteration n with the obtained value in iteration n-1, and if the difference is less than the tolerance error, then the program stops. In the next section of the algorithm, the obtained data (from the repeated execution of the MCS) are converted into a model for a description relationship between the effective seepage discharge (ESD) and the input variables by using the metaheuristic methods that include; gene expression programming (GEP) and support vector machine (SVM). After GEP and support vector regression (SVR) modeling the predicted and observed results were compared by statistical indexes such as MSE, RMSE, MAE, and Correlation coefficients.

Results and Discussion
The different models of earth dams were implemented in the Fortran program, and the average and standard deviation of the seepage discharge flow in the uncertainty state were obtained. To determine the relationship between the ESD value, indicators had been defined that these parameters used for the Gene Expression Programming model include; Kx/Ky, W/B, Bd/B, Bu/B, Hdam/B, Hu/Hdam, and Hd/Hu. These were the factors influencing the seepage discharge of the earth dam, and the discharge component is also defined as the effective seepage discharge (ESD) in a dimensionless manner. Kx and Ky are soil permeability in the direction of the horizontal and vertical axes respectively (m/s), W is the width of the crest, B is the width of the base of the earth dam, Bd is the horizontal distance of the dam tip from the downstream side from the crest, Bu is the horizontal distance of the dam tip from the upstream side crest, Hdam height of the dam, Hu height of the reservoir level, Hd water height downstream of the dam, all the variables are in meters. By increasing the Kx/Ky ratio of horizontal to vertical hydraulic conductivity by 49%, the Effective Seepage Discharge increases by 14%. If the horizontal variable of permeability is increased by 25%, the ESD rate increases by 4.56%, similarly, if the vertical variable is increased by 25%, the ESD decreases by 4.72%.

Conclusion
After finite element analysis, and modeling with two methods of gene expression programming (GEP) and support vector regression (SVR), the statistical analysis of the methods showed that the two calculation models had a good prediction of the ESD with a correlation coefficient above 0.9. Vertical hydraulic conductivity (Ky) has a greater effect on the ESD rate than horizontal hydraulic conductivity (Kx). The results of the geometric investigation of the dam also show that the increase in the ratio Hdam/B has a direct impact on the ESD and also the lower the slope downstream of the dam leads to the lower the ESD. The statistical analysis was used to compare the results of the data obtained from Fortran output for SVR and GEP models. In general, the SVR model is closer to the model resulting from the Fortran code rather than the GEP model, and it has a low root mean square error (RMSE) and a high correlation coefficient.

CHAUX-DES-CROTENAY ET CRANS Expertise scientifique du fonds Berthier Archives de fouille et mobilier Illustrations de couverture (de gauche à droite) : Fragments de céramique marqués par les équipes d'A. Berthier (C. Ruet) Fragment d'une coupe carénée à revêtement argileux (A. Gilles) Série d'appliques décoratives en alliage cuivreux (A. Ducreux) Lots de mobilier avant reconditionnement (C. Ruet). Sous la direction de Jérôme BESSON Avec les contributions de Aurélie DUCREUX, Amaury GILLES et Charline RUET Mise en page de Sandrine SWAL Volume 1 Section A : Données administratives techniques et scientifiques .

Arheoloπko nalaziπte CirkviπËe smjeπteno je sjeverno od mjesta TorËec na razmeu opÊina Drnje i -elekovec (KoprivniËko-kriaeevaËka aeupanija). Poloaeaj se nalazi na blago poviπenoj dravskoj terasi smjeπtenoj uz cestu koja od TorËeca vodi prema -elekovcu (karta 1). Sa svoje juaene strane poloaeaj CirkviπËe omeen je dubokim starim meandrom rijeke Drave. Oko 400 m juaenije od CirkviπËa teËe potok Gliboki u koji se u blizini sa sjevera ulijeva potok Segovina, a s juga Vratnec. Sam toponim CirkviπËe spada u skupinu imena arheoloπkih nalaziπta koja privlaËe pozornost arheologa i koja se na podruËju Hrvatske uËestalo pojavljuju. On svojim nazivom oznaËava

Posljednjih godina nastavljena je uspješna suradnja Instituta za arheologiju iz Zagreba i Muzeja Moslavine iz Kutine, ostvarena tijekom 1996. i 1997. godine. 1 Suradnja je intenzivirana radi obilaska poznatih srednjovjekovnih lokaliteta i pregleda arheološke građe koja potječe s tih mjesta, a za potrebe trajne znanstvenoistraživačke djelatnosti Instituta za arheologiju koju financira Ministarstvo znanosti i tehnologije Republike Hrvatske. 2 Pregledana U suradnji Instituta za arheologiju iz Zagreba i Muzeja Moslavine iz Kutine tijekom posljednjih godina obilaženi su srednjovjekovni lokaliteti okolice Kutine i Garešnice. Pregledom prikupljene građe koja je višegodišnjim aktivnostima arheologa na tom području pohranjena u Muzeju Moslavine, izdvojeni su i obrađeni neki neobjavljeni primjerci keramike pronađeni prilikom pokusnih arheoloških iskopavanja gradišta. Za svako od tih gradišta priložena je topografska karta te zračni snimak radi usporedbi starijih opisa sa sadašnjim stanjem na terenu. Analiza odabranih primjeraka keramike pokazala je da ulomci ili čitave posude imaju značajke stolne kasnosrednjovjekovne keramike, datirane u 15. i prvu polovinu 16. stoljeća, vremenu kada su obrađena gradišta bila korištena u obrambene svrhe ili za stanovanje. Ključne riječi: gradište, stolna keramika, čaša, vrč, boca, zračni snimak, topografska karta, kasni srednji vijek, Kutina -Turski stol, Kutina -centar (Kutinica),

Posljednjih godina nastavljena je uspješna suradnja Instituta za arheologiju iz Zagreba i Muzeja Moslavine iz Kutine, ostvarena tijekom 1996. i 1997. godine. 1 Suradnja je intenzivirana radi obilaska poznatih srednjovjekovnih lokaliteta i pregleda arheološke građe koja potječe s tih mjesta, a za potrebe trajne znanstvenoistraživačke djelatnosti Instituta za arheologiju koju financira Ministarstvo znanosti i tehnologije Republike Hrvatske. 2 Pregledana U suradnji Instituta za arheologiju iz Zagreba i Muzeja Moslavine iz Kutine tijekom posljednjih godina obilaženi su srednjovjekovni lokaliteti okolice Kutine i Garešnice. Pregledom prikupljene građe koja je višegodišnjim aktivnostima arheologa na tom području pohranjena u Muzeju Moslavine, izdvojeni su i obrađeni neki neobjavljeni primjerci keramike pronađeni prilikom pokusnih arheoloških iskopavanja gradišta. Za svako od tih gradišta priložena je topografska karta te zračni snimak radi usporedbi starijih opisa sa sadašnjim stanjem na terenu. Analiza odabranih primjeraka keramike pokazala je da ulomci ili čitave posude imaju značajke stolne kasnosrednjovjekovne keramike, datirane u 15. i prvu polovinu 16. stoljeća, vremenu kada su obrađena gradišta bila korištena u obrambene svrhe ili za stanovanje. Ključne riječi: gradište, stolna keramika, čaša, vrč, boca, zračni snimak, topografska karta, kasni srednji vijek, Kutina -Turski stol, Kutina -centar (Kutinica),

Tłumaczenie na język angielski / English translation MACIEJ PONDEL Opracowanie redakcyjne i korekta / Proofreading ELŻBIETA KOT (Polish text) GRZEGORZ KWIATKOWSKI (English text) Korekta techniczna / Technical editing EWA KUC Opracowanie graficzne, łamanie / Graphic design, typesetting DOROTA KOCZĄB Projekt okładki / Cover design MICHAŁ DZIK Na awersie okładki: kafel z aniołem tarczownikiem, pocz. XVI w. (fot. M. Kosior) Na rewersie okładki: rekonstrukcja rysunkowa kafla z aniołem tarczownikiem (rys. M. Dzik)

German translation by Béla Rásky of the article “Ghosts of Old Vienna: Romanticising a Vanishing Heimat in the Face of Modern Urban Redevelopment from the 1920s to the 1960s”, which appeared in a special issue of Central Europe in 2024 entitled: Contradictory Modernities and Neo-Romanticism across Central Europe.

Nakon stanke od više desetljeća, tijekom rujna 2017. godine Institut za arheologiju proveo je arheološka istraživanja na položaju Jalžabet ‒ Bistričak, istočno od Varaždina. Radovi na Bistričaku provedeni su u okviru projektnih aktivnosti „Iron-Age-Danube“ Interreg DTP projekta koji je djelomično financiran od strane EU. U projektu sudjeluje 5 podunavskih zemalja, a u arheološkim i multidsciplinarnim istraživanjima i turističkoj prezentaciji najistaknutijih arheoloških krajolika istočnog halštatskog kruga Institut za arheologiju, jedan od 10 projektnih partnera, sudjeluje upravo istraživanjima jalžabetske regije.After several decades of break, in September 2017, the Institute of Archaeology conducted archaeological research at Jalžabet – Bistričak site, east of Varaždin. Bistričak’s works were carried out within the framework of project activities “Iron-Age-Danube” Interreg DTP project, which is partially funded by the EU. The project involves 5 countries of Danube River basin. In a...

Tekst sadrži preliminarni izvještaj o rezultatima arheoloških istraživanja u Novoj Bukovici tijekom 2017. godine. Istraživanja, financirana od Ministrstva kulture RH i Općine Nova Bukovica, izvedena su u sklopu „Strategije znanstvene djelatnosti Instituta za arheologiju 2014.‒2019.“, u okviru istraživačke podteme A3: Naselja. Prilikom ovogodišnjih terenskih radova, istražen je novi dio kompleksnog prapovijesnog lokaliteta koji je tijekom prapovijesti naseljen u vrijeme kasnoga brončanog i mlađeg željeznog doba.The text contains a preliminary report on the results of archaeological research of Nova Bukovica – Sjenjak site during 2017. Research, funded by the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Croatia and the Municipality of Nova Bukovica, was carried out within the “Strategy of Scientific Activities of the Institute of Archeology 2014 – 2019”, within the research topic A3: Settlements. During this year’s field work, a new part of the complex prehistoric site was excavated, popula...

Se dan a conocer los resultados más destacados de las investigaciones realizadas sobre el denominado Castillo Viejo de Manzanares El Real, enfocado tanto a la revisión de la documentaria escrita como a los resultados de las cuatro campañas arqueológicas realizadas entre 2021 y 2024. Las nuevas actuaciones confirman la presencia de un palacio del siglo XIV que conserva restos de la fachada decorada con esgrafiado segoviano que, a mediados del siglo XV, se fortifica siguiendo el modelo de los castillos propios del momento.

This articles discusses the changes in the architecture of the castle in Kożuchów, con- verted into a monastery in the Baroque period. The work presents the results of original architectural research carried out between 2009 and 2022. The existing analyses of the origins and alterations made to the castle are based on a general view of the plaster- covered building. The architectural research under discussion made it possible to identify the oldest part of the complex, which is the tower, probably constructed at the turn of the thirteenth/fourteenth centuries. In the fourteenth century, the stronghold was extended with a defensive perimeter wall, as well as a three-section, three-storey palace, and the tower was raised and surmounted with battlements and a conical roof. In 1378, it became the ducal residence in the town. In the second half of the fourteenth century, a gate tower was erected, and in the third quarter of the fifteenth century, the residence was surrounded by a regular bastion and a bergfried (or belfry) was raised, which was topped with hoarding. Probably in the 1560s, the tenant of the castle fief, Fabian von Schönaich, rebuilt the residence in the Renaissance style. The west wing was built at that time, which incorporated the tower. The acquisition of the castle by the Carmelite Order in 1685 brought about its greatest transformation. As a result, in 1706 a Baroque monastery with a church and a tower was built.

The article presents the history of the creation and transformation of the building complex of the alderman’s seat in Głuchołazy from the 14th century to the 19th century. In the introduction, a description of the alderman’s building complex, chronicle information, and current literature is presented. On the basis of architectural research, the phases of the building’s transformations were distinguished. It was assumed that it first served as a defence complex, probably built in the first half of the 14th century, and was connected to the city wall. Its expansion, which involved the construction of the southern and western wings, took place after the destruction of Głuchołazy by the Hussites in 1428 and 1432. The Renaissance reconstruction was carried out in 1603 by the alderman Henrich Adelsbach. In 1623, the Jesuit Order acquired the building and transformed it into a school, and after 1786, it was partially dismantled. In 1834, the building burned down and was rebuilt to serve as a secondary school.

The article presents a model process of rescuing a historic object important for the cultural heritage of Silesia. The process under discussion includes a presentation of the history of the establishment and transformation of the Abbey of the Magdalene Sisters in Szprotawa from the first half of the 14 th century to the beginning of the 20 th century and its adaptation to a museum. The introduction presents historical, source, and literature research. The results of a detailed architectural study of the monastery building are presented. These became the basis for detailed conservation recommendations and the restoration project. The conservation work carried out made it possible to save this valuable building and adapt it for the Szprotawa Regional Museum. The conclusion presents the process of research, revalorization, and adaptation of the former Magdanek monastery against the background of the revalorization of other historic monuments.