Archaeology of Roads

Castellar de Meca (Ayora, Valencia) has long been recognized as an outstanding
protohistoric archaeological site owing to its enormous size, impressive remnants
of cyclopean walls, and, above all, its rock-hewn features which include paths, silos,
and cisterns. As a result, the signiicance of its occupation during the Middle Ages
has been overshadowed, despite its substantial material remains. This work aims
to analyse the history of Meca during the Islamic period, drawing on surveys, a reexamination of the evidence from excavations conducted by Iron Age specialists,
and even historical maps. With this, we seek to demonstrate that the analysis of this
site is crucial for two reasons: irst, it allows for a better understanding of settlement
patterns in the region from the Emirate (9  century) to the Almoravid period (irst
half of the 12 th th  century). Second, this was the most important settlement in western Valencia during the 11  century. Previously, the region had barely played a marginal agricultural role, but in the 11 th  century it underwent an intense process of colonisation in the wake of the economic revolution that was taking place in al-Andalus and in other European and Mediterranean regions.

Lima La Vieja es un sitio arqueológico a punto de desaparecer. A pesar de que ha sido objeto de estudios arqueológicos e históricos a lo largo del siglo XX y de que su arquitectura y función lo destacan entre otros asentamientos incas, el sitio ha sido gradualmente desmantelado a lo largo de los siglos XX y XXI. Lima La Vieja es muy importante dentro del sistema mayor del estado Inca en esta región y es además uno de los primeros asentamientos españoles fundados en el siglo XVI en Pisco y el Sur de Perú. Nuestro artículo reconstruye el asentamiento de Lima La Vieja mediante información inédita y el uso de nuevas metodologías, con el objetivo de contextualizar este sitio dentro del registro histórico y arqueológico del valle de Pisco, especialmente durante el Horizonte Tardío.

This paper provides the first digitally-generated exploration of the Camino Real de los Tejas, one of three branches of this royal road connecting Mexico City to its northernmost territories of New Spain. The first phase of the project is focused on five Franciscan missions of the 18th century found along the section of road in the region of San Antonio, Texas, in order to raise global consciousness regarding their cultural, historic and artistic value, as we approach the site's 300-year anniversary. The project focuses on two specific areas of the route: a) the buffer zone identified for the nomination of the Cultural Landscape of the Missions as a UNESCO World Heritage Site; and b) the historic core of the city identifiable in one of the most relevant historic maps of San Antonio, the Rullmann map of 1912.

Olika källor till trädgårdsodlingens historia: t v Kulturreliktväxter, mariatistel (Silybum marianum L.), vid Kirkstead Abbey. Foto: Per-Arvid Syftet med Nordiskt nätverk för Trädgårdens Arkeologi och Arkeobotanik (NTAA), som det formulerades de där första dagarna på Alnarp i början på mars 2010, är att: "sammanföra forskare från olika ämnesområden för att tvärvetenskapligt diskutera växternas och trädgårdsodlingens historia, arkeologi och arkeobotanik". Ingen av oss anade då hur uppskattat nätverket skulle bli, men faktum är att 2014 hölls det femte seminariet i NTAA på lika många år, den gången på Visingsö, 1-3 juni och 12-14 juni 2015 äger det sjätte seminariet rum i Kristiansand i Norge. Särskilt glädjande är det att vi nu kan publicera en rapport, Källor till trädgårdsodlingens historia: fyra tvärvetenskapliga seminarier 2010-2013 arrangerade av Nordiskt Nätverk för Trädgårdens Arkeologi och Arkeobotanik (NTAA), som baseras på de fyra första årens teman och bidrag. Inte mindre än 26 artiklar har det blivit. De flesta har sitt ursprung i ett föredrag på något av seminarierna 2010, 2011, 2012 respektive 2013, men redaktionsgruppen har även tagit sig friheten att med nätverkets syfte i minnet be ytterligare några forskare om bidrag i några ämnen som vi gärna ville också skulle behandlas. Artiklarna i skriften är indelade efter fyra teman som i princip är knutna till de olika årens seminarier. Det första temat Arkeologins källor till trädgårdarnas och kulturlandskapets historia har anknytning till det första seminariet på Alnarp 2010 och fokuserar framförallt på metod, på det viktiga samarbetet mellan arkeologi och arkeobotanik, och på de intressanta framsteg som gjorts inom ämnet trädgårdsarkeologi under det senaste decenniet. Det andra temat Kålgårdar och Köksträdgårdar har anknytning till det andra seminariet i Norrköping 2011 och fokus ligger här på historisk, kulturgeografisk, arkeologisk och arkeobotanisk forskning kring nyttoträdgårdar, samt på benämningen kålgård och dess innehåll och former genom tiderna. Det tredje temat Kultur-och trädgårdsväxter: under mark, på mark, i herbarier och arkiv är knutet till det tredje seminariet i Uppsala 2012. Artiklarna är återigen fokuserade på källor, källkritik, tvärvetenskaplighet och olika forskningsmetoder att komma åt trädgårdsodlingens och kulturväxternas historia. Bland annat diskuteras herbarier, skriftliga källor, DNA och molekylära markörer, pollenanalys och georadar. Det fjärde temat för NTAAs årliga seminarium var Kulturreliktväxter och hölls på Bornholm 2013. Seminariets fokus låg på forskning om och bevarande av kulturreliktväxter, det vill säga kvarstående kulturväxter som under speciellt gynnsamma omständigheter kan leva kvar på en plats långt efter att den egentliga odlingen upphört. Vi tillägnar denna rapport Kjell Lundquist som var en av initiativtagarna till nätverket och vi hoppas att den skall inspirera till fortsatt forskning och nya metoddiskussioner.

Luogo e circostanze del rinvenimento Il comune di S. Lorenzo è una delle più note aree archeologiche dell'Alto Adige. La storia delle ricerche in questa regione particolarmente ricca dal punto di vista archeologico incomincia con le prime raccolte di materiali risalente alla prima metà del XVIII secolo per proseguire poi con numerosi rinvenimenti nel corso del XIX secolo e arricchirsi inoltre degli scavi, motivati politicamente, condotti dalla Soprintendenza di Padova tra il 1938 ed il 1940. Raggiunge, infine, i nostri giorni con gli scavi iniziati negli anni '80 per volontà dell'Ufficio Beni Archeologici di Bolzano. Le più antiche testimonianze di antropizzazione di questa zona risalgono già al Mesolitico come dimostrano gli strumenti in selce e il cristallo di rocca rinvenuti nell'area del successivo abitato romano di Sebatum i. Elementi di falcetto in selce così come un'ascia in pietra rinvenuti ai piedi del colle Sturmbichl e ulteriori reperti in selce dal Bu...

Se describen sus características formales, conservación, su composición química y mineralógica, y se discute e interpreta, arqueológica e históricamente, su singular presencia en el trazado del camino inka. Además, se compara con otros hallazgos similares de la región mencionada y de Chile central. Asimismo, presentamos consideraciones históricas y culturales sobre el contexto de la conquista y el uso del caballo, y discutimos las disímiles concepciones entre indígenas y españoles, respecto al despoblado de Atacama, un indiscutible espacio internodal. Sobre la base del estudio planteamos que este particular hallazgo sería un testimonio del paso de los españoles por el despoblado de Atacama, posiblemente durante el siglo XVI, junto con evidenciar contactos con poblaciones indígenas locales, las cuales manejaban el trabajo del cobre.

En1894, un prêtre breton écrivait dans la Semaine religieuse de l'évêché de Quimper : en chantant des cantiques en breton, "sur la terre étrangère, nous nous croyions transportés à l'ombre de nos clochers à jours, et une larme perlait dans les yeux de plusieurs… Nous avons prié de tout coeur pour nos frères de la terre natale. En retour, nous demandons une prière pour les frères exilés…" 1 . Quel était donc le lieu de cet exil ? Angers et sa banlieue ! trois cents kilomètres et quatre ou cinq heures de train. Cent plus tard, ne pourrait-on pas entendre les mêmes proclamations, sur fond de mosquées et de voile islamique, émises par des populations vivant à trois mille kilomètres et trois ou quatre heures d'avion de leur minaret natal. Les mêmes causes produisent les mêmes effets : différences de modes de vie, changements de croyances et fantasmes opposent toujours enracinés et immigrés, quels qu'ils soient. L'exemple des Vendéens et des Bretons émigrés dans l'Ouest ou dans le Sud-Ouest (de la France) permet de voir à l'oeuvre ces mécanismes que l'on croit réservés exclusivement aujourd'hui à des populations distinctes par la couleur de leur peau, par leur religion, par leurs habitudes. A partir de la seconde moitié du XIXème siècle, la pauvreté des sols, les faiblesses de l'économie bretonne et la surpopulation condamnent beaucoup de Bretons à la misère noire ou à l'exil vers d'autres régions, voire vers d'autres pays, car nombreux sont ceux qui tentent une nouvelle vie dans les Amériques. De la même façon, beaucoup de Vendéens (du département de la Vendée mais aussi de la "Vendée militaire" 2 ) quittent leur région. Les villes recueillent les plus forts effectifs de migrants, à commencer par Paris -où Bécassine devient bonne à tout faire et objet de railleries -mais aussi Nantes, où Bretons et Vendéens

El  capítulo busca trazar una genealogía del Camino Ancestral Qhapaq
Ñan y presentar algunas ideas sobre el alcance y las potencialidades de ese itinerario cultural en la Argentina, para enmarcar con algunas reflexiones preliminares los capítulos que siguen.

An investigation of a Roman road-station in its archaeological and geographical context that provides a new perspective on the historical landscape of southern Anatolia.

This study is based on fieldwork carried out during the 1990s in southwest Türkiye in the modern vilayets of Burdur and Antalya, and it focuses on the settlements associated with a Roman mansio located in the Döseme Boğazı, the pass that linked Pisidia with the coastal region of Pamphylia. The course of the road and the structures that emerged along it were defined not by the evolution of Pisidia’s Hellenized indigenous culture but by the priorities of Roman rule, especially during late antiquity. Furthermore, the study of the road where the mansio was located raises fundamental questions about the role played by this mountain pass in the movement of people and animals between the lowlands and highlands of South-west Anatolia.

The village of Șintereag is part of the commune of the same name, located in Bistrița Năsăud county, in the North central part of Transylvania. From the archaeological point of view, the locality of Șintereag is known by the Neolithic settlement discovered in the point "Pe Cremene", located on a high terrace of the river Șieu, today, behind the school, but also for the discoveries from the Bronze Age, the Iron Age, the post-Roman and Medieval ages. Also the main point of attraction that is the basis of our research, is the Gothic-style church, an architectural monument, built in the 14 th century with later additions.

Resumen
Tambo Colorado se da como un conjunto edificios y dependencias en el fondo del valle de Pallasca hoy es bautizado con TAMKPU: nombre que significa lugar de refrigerio , vente, mesón , hospedería
El sitio se ubica el rió arriba, El sitio se ubica en el departamento de Ica, provincia de Pisco,  en el valle medio del rio Pisco, río arriba del rio Pisco(MAPA-1 ), de llega a una pendiente. Luego al subirla se llega a una zona amplia compuesta por una cadena cerros colindantes .En la parte llana antes de llegar a los promontorios ,se visualizara el sitio en medio de un paisaje semiárido con abundante vegetación adjunta al rio, en la zona baja , este será el supuesto Tampu Inga ,cercado por muros de adobes paralelepípedos en su mayoría conjuntamente con tapiales , lo cual solo se aprecia en casi toda totalidad; imponiéndose el palacio inca pintado de color rojo , amarillo y blanco símbolo de la Paicha (conjunto de cordones ceñidos al cráneo de la cual colgaba una borla en el ceño derecho)de la panaca real inca según Max Ulhe1969.La presente investigación se enfoca en el estudio de edificaciones mediante el análisis arquitectónico durante el Horizonte Tardío de Tambo Colorado en el Valle Medio de Pisco
Se estudiara el estilo arquitectónico en su fase Inca , sin dejar de lado una posible influencia de alguna cultura local como la cultura Chincha.
El desarrollo de este proyecto de investigación es una aproximación en este proceso de desarrollo social que se dio en el valle bajo de Pisco dado que el trabajo solo considera las evidencias de superficie sin excavación, Por lo que es necesario una intervención más precisa y complementada con otros estudios.

In 2010 in Savelletri of Fasano (Brindisi) a preliminary archaeological excavation was conducted in a wide area destined for a parking lot along the coastal road to Monopoli in order to establish the presence of structures of archaeological interest in a high risk area in the immediate vicinity of the necropolis and the walls of the In Brindisi, during the renovation of a flat on the ground floor of a building in the historic center of the town, structures and pot-tery of roman and medieval age were found. The oldest structural traces relate to a wall in tuff blocks that delimits a Roman insula and a road of the urban network, of which the earthern pavement and the sidewalk remain. The structure in blocks borders the south-east side of a space in front of the entrance of a domus whose floors were found beyond the perimetral wall of the building, below the adjacent medieval temple of S. Giovanni al Sepolcro. A phase subsequent to that of the construction of the road and the insula is...

La multiplication des routes ferait oublier que certaines se déplacent et que d’autres disparaissent. Cette étude en fait ressurgir tout un réseau dont il ne reste que des traces, parce que le centre qu’il desservait a perdu son attraction. Les moines de Maillezais ont bien créé ces chemins pour rejoindre leurs nombreuses dépendances, mais leurs hôtes de passage, qui profitaient de l’hospitalité bénédictine, en ont aussi renforcé le trafic. Ce travail n’est en effet qu’un chapitre de la reconstitution des chemins de Saint-Jacques de Compostelle en Bas Poitou, des itinéraires desservant des lieux d’accueil plus que des pôles économiques

El Cabezo de la Rueda, situado en el municipio de Alcantarilla (Murcia), es un yacimiento arqueológico que presenta una secuencia ocupacional desde la Edad del Hierro hasta periodos contemporáneos. Las excavaciones realizadas en 2022 han identificado al menos tres fases de ocupación ibérica, fechadas entre los siglos V y III a. C. Durante este momento, se constatan numerosas reurbanizaciones, además del estudio de ajuares asociados a actividades domésticas y productivas. Cabe destacar la identificación de un enterramiento perinatal en la Cata 6. Las transformaciones posteriores, datadas en la época tardorromana (siglos V-VI d. C.) y altomedieval, apuntan a un uso agrícola disperso. En los periodos moderno y contemporáneo, el cerro experimentó alteraciones significativas destinadas a incrementar la superficie de cultivo, lo que generó un impacto negativo en los niveles arqueológicos previos. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo consolidar la información arqueológica existente, profundizar en la comprensión del yacimiento y fomentar su puesta en valor. Este estudio aporta nuevos datos sobre la organización territorial y cultural del Valle del Segura durante la protohistoria y su evolución histórica.

This paper presents preliminary results from the first field campaign (2021) of the F.L.E.A. Project (Fortified Landscape in Eastern Albania), a collaborative initiative between the University of Catania and the Institute of Archaeology in Tirana. The research focuses on the central and eastern sectors of the Seman River basin, within the present-day prefectures of Elbasan and Korçë. The project's objective is to produce a digital mapping of fortified sites that considers not only their military function but also environmental and geomorphological factors, aiming to develop an integrated interpretation of the ancient landscape. The paper outlines the geographical context of the study area, followed by a discussion of the main methodologies employed during the various phases of the mission. Finally, a selection of the surveyed sites is presented, with preliminary data derived from the integration of remote and proximal sensing techniques with traditional archaeological survey.

This panel is staged by an upcoming project of the Orient Institute Beirut to deal with social space and spatial comprehensions during the Islamic Middle Period. In the study of Near Eastern political, economic and intellectual history, awareness is rising that while spatial settings co-determine historical developments, human mind-sets have always conceptualised spaces, and human agency has interfered with landscapes. Accordingly, researchers assess sources anew, asking for the authors’ perceptions of, and the actors’ impact on spatial conditions. At the same time, novel analytical paths are being taken through the use of information technology. Thus, the ‘spatial turn’, which was otherwise much-heralded, but largely rolled off the study of the regions’ history, now seems to finally enter its various fields. The panel is committed to making this development visible and promote inter-disciplinary exchange on relevant themes and methods, bringing together Islamic Studies, Oriens Christianus, Ottoman Studies and Archaeology.

PROGRAMME
Kennedy, Hugh. “The Strange Story of the Melons of Merv: Alternative Sources for Writing the History of the Early Islamic Economy.”
Tavernari, Cinzia. “Connecting Caravanserais: A New Framework for Inquiry.”
Franz, Kurt. “Koptos to Berenike, Qifṭ to ʿAydhāb: Why Track Hajj Routes in a GIS?”
Weltecke, Dorothea. “On Christians in Cities.”
Peacock, Andrew. “The Islamisation of Anatolia: Understanding Cultural Change through Manuscript Studies.”
Meier, Astrid. “The Void of the Rural: Reading waqf Documents for Understanding Non-urban spaces – The Case of Ottoman Damascus.”

Las calzadas romanas evolucionan desde las primeras fases de conquista de un territorio, proyectando su función con un fin militar y posteriormente administrativo, así como comercial. Indudablemente el diseño de la red viaria y su construcción, se verán determinados por el proceso de Romanización de la zona en cuestión. Las comunicaciones en la antigüedad se muestran como un tejido que se aprovecharía de caminos naturales, prehistóricos, armonizándolos con el trazado de nuevos ejes de comunicación en función de las necesidades. La adecuación de la red viaria a la orografía asturiana y sus usos en siglos posteriores queda constatada en la mayor parte de los ejes documentados, cuya red siguió siendo empleada en buena parte hasta el siglo XVIII, quedando gran parte de las vías bajo el moderno viario.

The staple right required merchants arriving from outside the town to offer their wares for sale there, giving the local merchants a head start in purchasing such goods over other merchants in the country. The first staple right for eastern routes appeared in the second half of the fourteenth century. Braşov gave a staple right in 1369 from Louis I-in respect of broadcloth. Sigismund extended the privilege in 1395: foreign merchants had to lay all kind of goods in Braşov and sell or exchange them. The kings never granted Sibiu a staple right in the classic sense, but the privileges (1378, 1384, 1413) they did grant could only be exercised if a staple right was set up and operated.

The paper deals with the preliminary results of the investigations conducted in the south sector of insula I 16 of Pompeii, in the scope of the Franco-Italian research project “Modes d’habiter à Pompéi à l’époque républicaine: la maison à atrium testudinatum”. This project is dedicated to the atrium testudinatum house, a type of dwelling very common in Pompeii in III and II c. B.C. Among the contexts analyzed, are two atrium testudinantum houses (5 and 6), situated in the south sector of insula I 16. In the first part of the paper the discovery and the first investigations conducted in these houses are discussed; in the second, the results of excavations carried out in summer 2022.

This edited collection examines the intersection between the developing fields of terrorism and cultural memory studies through a detailed study of the 2011 terrorist attack in Norway. It examines how the work of remembrance has been established through arts such as theatre and fiction, and also architecture, heritage and education. It traces the politics of the remembrance processes and explores the shifting meanings in public memories that change over the thirteen years since the attack, and are constantly being negotiated in response to present circumstances. It also charts general trends in memorialisation: the globalising and digitalising of memory practices, the speed of memorial initiatives, the role of testimony, and the importance of diverse narratives emerging through newer modes of communication.

Homonymy ad absurdum. Homonymy in the Toponymic Corpus of a Micro Region in the Árpád Era
Based on the example of a toponym with a hydronym origin in a small and closed geographical area, the paper discusses the significance of homonymy in 12th–14th century sources. In the process of toponym formation, the Sár hydronym first referred to the entire catchment area, later to the estate parts established on it, and finally the settlements of the estates. The Sár name survived as long as the independent name of these did not become widespread and it carried numerous meanings as a homonym. Data repository I includes the occurrences of the Sár toponym in the Árpád Era, indicating the underlying estate parts, while Data repository II Introduces the most important data of these parts and their short history.

Saint Benedict’s church of the village of Felsőszentbenedek (today: Kančevci, Slovenia) belonging to the former Vas County – despite being located on the borderland of the county and the country – was mentioned in a charter as early as 1208. The ecclesiastical tradition of the 17th and 18th centuries identifies the church with a Benedictine abbey de Borchy, which was destroyed in the period of the Turkish occupation of Hungary, and which is not known in detail. This identification is the basis of the hypothesis of the Slovenian historiography, which assumes that Slav Benedictines came to this region from Zalavár at the time of establishing the bishopric of Zagreb (cc. 1094). The present paper – based on the direct and indirect mediaeval sources related to the church of Saint Benedict and the surrounding estates – makes an effort to answer the question of the origin of the church and its presumed or real Benedictine connections. The data from the 13th and 14th centuries bear evidence that while in the beginning the Héder kindred had a considerable property here, it was completely lost later. In the middle of the 13th century, a part of the property was procured by the Gyüre kindred, whose members – in all certainty because of the church and the estate connected to it - became known by the name of Szentbenedeki (de Scenbeneduk … de genere Jwre) in the second half of the 14th century. However, the church itself belonged to the Nádasd kindred’s different branches according to a charter of 1345, which has been published only in abstracted form so far, but which is introduced here in detail. One can come to the conclusion from the seemingly contradictory data that the estates of the Nádasd family and the Gyüre family were torn from the Héder kindred’s earlier property of the 12th century, and the church itself might have been the parish-church of this region. The church’s dedication to Saint Benedict
is explained by the kindred’s connections with the Benedictines: as the founders of the Küszén Abbey (i.e. Németújvár; today: Güssing, Austria) and because of their property-organisation related to the missionary activity of the Benedictines, they popularized the veneration of many Benedictine saints (Szentgotthárd: Saint Gotthard; Rábagyarmat: Saint Ruprecht/Saint Lambert; Rábaszentmárton: Saint Martin, and Felsőszentbenedek: Saint Benedict) on the borderland.

El artículo presenta una reflexión sobre el estudio de los caminos prehispánicos y coloniales de los
Andes colombianos y sobre las distintas dinámicas, ideas, valores, actores e instituciones que entran en
juego en sus procesos de patrimonialización. Se parte de la exploración de algunos conceptos actuales
sobre el abordaje de las cuestiones patrimoniales y se describe el tratamiento que se le ha dado a
algunos casos regionales de caminos, como objeto de estudio académico y como parte del ámbito
de la conservación y la valoración patrimonial en Colombia. Se argumenta que en esta nación andina
existen relativamente pocas referencias sobre el tema de los caminos en arqueología y que esta escasez
tiene repercusiones en las formas como se ha abordado su entendimiento como bienes patrimoniales.

In the recent past a number of projects with different purposes studied the south- est front of WWI from the perspective of conflict archaeology. The spatial focus was the Sexten Dolomites. In fact, the high plateau of the Three Peaks (Tre Cime/Drei Zinnen) offers favourable conditions for the survey described below, which has reached a new level of scope and precision. The aim of our field survey was to measure, document and study the Austro-Hungarian combat sector of the high plateau of the Three Peaks and the opposed Italian emplacement. The results document a highly multilayered prospect of the war events between May 1915 and November 1917, of the military infrastructure and of the profound traces of the war that remain inscribed in the landscape today. The article provides an overview over the individual sectors in the project area. We gathered over 37,000 GPS data points, took 72,000 photos and calculated more than 320 3D models. The preliminary redrawing of the objects resulted in a dataset of more than 13,000 polygons. The data will allow future researchers to analyse the structures present at the front line with nearly stone-by-stone precision. The interpretation of the results has taken into account the available Italian and Austrian archival material. The contribution is going to be the kick-off to a continuous research project, which shall lead to a more precise representation of the WWI in the high mountains.

Denna uppsats har med kulturgeografiska källor identifierat en järnåldersvägs sträckning i sydöstra Skåne, från Köpingebro vid kusten till Östra Herrestad. De fyra kulturgeografiska källorna är ortnamnsetymologi, gravars placering i förhållande till vägen, studier av historiska kartor samt markvandringar. Vägen visar sig existera under några korta sträckor fortfarande.

Vicino alla costa al margine di plaghe melmose paludose deserte avanti il sorgere di Camaiore una pieve un centro di confine forse una strada in zona esenzioni daziarie zone franche un antico Fanum come quello falisco-umbro-sabino di Feronia presso Capena al Monte Soratte sempre in zone di confine etnico santuario frapposto, ltea sabina antica antichi scontri e una via priva di vincolo tra genti diverse la Versilia storica

In questi giorni (Gennaio 2025) sono in corso i lavori di ristrutturazione della zona del "mercato Marina" e, contestualmente, sono in corso anche saggi di scavo archeologico per rilevare le strutture antiche presenti in quest'area. Il motivo è che la parte urbanizzata della Terracina Romana di epoca imperiale si estende, praticamente, sotto tutta la zona a nord del canale Linea (una volta detto "Fiumicello"). Terracina, come tutte le città romane, era organizzata in modo molto preciso e razionale, spesso seguendo un piano a griglia con strade che si intersecavano ad angolo retto. Questa suddivisione era influenzata dalle unità di misura romane, tra cui l'actus. L'actus era un'unità di misura utilizzata dai Romani per definire superfici e distanze. Nella pianificazione urbana, gli actus venivano utilizzati per organizzare lo spazio della città. Le strade e i quartieri erano disposti secondo una griglia che richiamava le divisioni agrarie.

Angamuco and Chunchucmil are two of the few Mesoamerican cities with relatively complete street maps. These maps provide a rare opportunity to study how the bulk of the population moved through cities, how people worked together to organize a network of paths and open spaces, what kind of interactions these features afforded, and how they contributed to the formation of social identities. Having found that space syntax methods confirmed intuitive understandings without generating new findings, we apply a segment (paths) and node (intersections) analysis to both sites. With these analyses we recorded and characterized segment variables such as width, length, form, and curvature and node variables such as size, form, and number of linked segments. Many of the nodes at both sites are open spaces, allowing us to register details about the configuration of shared public spaces that are less formal than monumental plazas. The analyses revealed neighborhood differentiation, local-level coordination of labor, and intentional efforts to create spaces of assembly that may have complemented collective governance proposed for both sites. While Angamuco and Chunchucmil differ in terms of the general pattern of their pedestrian networks, they share similarities in terms of density of paths and types of intersections.

Scavo di due contrafforti sopraelevati rispetto al livello di spiaggia con funzione di difesa dalle mareggiate dei retrostanti edifici ad Arma di Taggia (Taggia-IM); una delle due possenti murature,  con datazione entrambe su base cartografica e archeologica alla prima metà del XVII secolo, è stata scavata per l'intera lunghezza pari a quasi 30 m.

Scavi archeologici preventivi alla pedonalizzazione di un importante asse stradale nel centro di Sanremo (IM) hanno permesso di documentare le fondazioni della fronte di almeno quattro edifici, compresi un pozzo ed una ghiacciaia, che si distribuiscono tra XVII e XVIII secolo, preceduti da un manufatto di canalizzazione delle acque e da un muro di delimitazione di proprietà, a conferma del carattere agricolo dell'area prima della sua urbanizzazione.

All'interno della città romana di Albintimilium (Ventimiglia-IM) nell'area dell'ex Officina del Gas sono stati eseguiti 10 sondaggi di scavo e realizzati 21 carotaggi propedeutici ad interventi di bonifica. Diversi sono stati i dati raccolti dai sondaggi con individuazione di coltri sabbiose in fase con l'abbandono del sito ma anche strati di crollo di murature tarde, mentre dai carotaggi sono emersi battuti a diverse quote, probabili piani stradali e a tetto dei depositi sterili indizi relativi alla prima occupazione romana dell'area.

In adiacenza al centro medievale di Ventimiglia (IM) presso Porta Piemonte è stata scavata una vasca con vicino stradello con funzione di arginatura lungo un rio che documentano la presenza di un'area rurale prima dello sviluppo edilizio moderno.

Investigaciones sobre el cambio social entre el Periodo Formativo Medio y Tardío de los Andes Centrales tienen identificadas diversos estímulos (sociales, climáticos e ideológicos) como causante de dicha realidad. Sin embargo, durante la última década una creciente acumulación de datos de diversas regiones ha configurado el rol activo de las interacciones y la circulación de cierto tipo de productos a larga distancia como uno de los principales motivos de cambio. De manera general, se asume que dicho cambio está asociado con la emergencia de la desigualdad social y el acceso al poder. En cambio, en este estudio, desde el punto de vista de la arqueología internodal y una visión macro-morfológica de los medios de circulación en la zona altoandina de Lambayeque, una región ubicada en la zona de transición entre la costa norte y la vertiente nor-oriental en el norte peruano, se muestra cómo la intensidad y frecuencia de las interacciones de carácter interregional motivaron el cambio social en el área de estudio, asociados a la utilización de los medios de circulación. Al final se considera de manera hipotética que este cambio social incluye la consolidación de comunidades de acceso en la zona altoandina de Lambayeque.

Dall’analisi dell’uso del discorso diretto nei documenti medievali
lunigianesi, in particolare nel ricco corpus conservato nel
Codice Pelavicino (fine del XIII secolo), si evidenzia il diverso
utilizzo nei testimoniali e nei testi normativi, andando anche
a considerare la possibilità di riconoscere brani di parlato
trascritto e alcune espressioni rivelatrici dell’universo simbolico
di quel contesto.
Lunigiana, medioevo, statuti, testimoniali
The analysis of the use of direct speech in medieval documents
of Lunigiana, in particular from the rich corpus preserved
in the Pelavicino Code (end of 13th century), highlights the
different use of direct speech in testimonials and normative
texts, also considering the possibility of recognizing transcribed
passages of speech and some revealing expressions
of the symbolic universe of that environment.
Lunigiana, Middle Ages, statutes, testimonials

L'assistenza archeologica al rifacimento dell'attuale basolato stradale nello storico asse stradale di via Cascione a Porto Maurizio-Imperia da parte della Soprintendenza ABAP della Liguria ha consentito di scavare ampi tratti del sottostante selciato post-medievale, con datazione anteriore alla metà del XIX secolo.

In un'area agricola suburbana rispetto al centro storico di Oneglia-Imperia e non lontano dal castello dei Doria presso la foce del torrente Impero, è stato effettuato da Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici della Liguria un intervento di assistenza archeologica a lavori edilizi (2010-2011) con ritrovamento di ceramica post-medievale (XVI-XVIII secolo) e in particolare ottocentesca.

Scoperta e scavo della Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici della Liguria nel centro storico di Sanremo (IM) di canalizzazioni e pavimentazione storica presso ingresso di palazzo Borea d'Olmo (via Matteotti - 2009) e di vicine murature interpoderali post-medievali con sovrapposto lungo tratto di selciato stradale seicentesco (2010).