Archaeological Impact Assessments

Este trabalho propõe uma análise metodológica, combinando abordagens qualitativas e quantitativas, da técnica de prospecção e sondagem arqueológica conhecida no Brasil como "boca de lobo". O estudo desenvolve-se através de um estudo comparativo com o método Shovel Test Pit (STP), amplamente utilizado e reconhecido nos Estados Unidos da América (EUA).
A investigação visa avaliar criticamente as potencialidades e limitações da técnica "boca de lobo" na identificação de sítios arqueológicos em contexto brasileiro. Ademais, fundamentando-se em pesquisas recentes, o trabalho apresenta propostas de aperfeiçoamento metodológico, visando otimizar sua eficácia e aplicabilidade no campo da arqueologia brasileira.

The intent of this paper is very interesting, but the execution is extremely poor. I would recommend the paper be rejected and the authors rework the paper into an example, using one or more real projects. The paper could easily be rewritten into a "how to" where a new user, in the Philippines or elsewhere, could follow the methods, including recommendations of tools. My recommendation to the authors, would be to write it like you were training a new employee to run this project, including all steps and tools; then rewrite it including the why and generalizing a little of the mundane steps. This paper is extremely poorly written and hard to follow at points. It is lacking references to key topics and generalizes about entire fields of study (ex. Geospatial analysis and predictive modeling) without references or expected background. Specific comments by section are below. Good luck.

O estado do Tocantins está circunscrito na região Norte do Brasil, conhecida mundialmente pela predominância de ecossistemas amazônicos com expressiva biodiversidade. No entanto, mais de 60% dos 277.620 km² do território tocantinense estão inseridos em ecossistemas de cerrado, onde também há grande biodiversidade, cuja área está inclusa no chamado Brasil Central. Ali há um elevado potencial para a ocorrência de sítios arqueológicos associados a antigos grupos indígenas, situação esta constatada desde a década de 1970 para as porções do Médio Araguaia, Centro-Sul e Leste da unidade federativa. Diante de um cenário desta natureza, a arqueologia tocantinense se mostra muito promissora, pois tem pela frente o desafi o de estabelecer um contexto arqueológico mais aprofundado e uma cronologia mais apurada sobre os grupos humanos que ali se estabeleceram desde tempos pré-coloniais.

'City of waters', Venice represents a unique example of the challenges to be met in order to reconcile the conflicting demands of heritage preservation, infrastructural development and environmental management. This paper expands on the strategic value of Archaeological Impact Assessments (AIA) – studies initiated in response to development proposals that will potentially disturb or alter archaeological sites – by presenting a case study related to an AIA undertaken in Venice prior to the construction of a pipeline stretching across the central and south parts of its lagoon (Fusina Integrated Project). The morphology of this area is very complex and diverse, and it is characterised by the presence of numerous canals, shallows and shoals, a landscape (or, rather, a waterscape) shaped by countless natural and anthropogenic modifications that occurred over the past centuries. The AIA involved the analysis of a variety of datasets acquired through historical, archaeological, geomorphologic and palaeo-environmental investigations coupled with information retrieved by remote sensing imagery analysis and interpretation, and direct survey. The analysis of these datasets led to the identification of a new, large archaeological site located along the planned pipeline track. The elevated ‘archaeological sensitivity’ of this area caused a change in the project plan, resulting in the relocation of the original pipeline track at an early stage of the work.

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River deltaic regions feature natural reclamation processes that generate mangrove-viable environments. The new sediments that fan out and are reconcentrated by coastal waves become newer land extensions or even river islands and islets that become a spawning ground for mangrove ecosystems. The temporal dimension of these changes is showcased through case studies that tap on multiscalar remote sensing and geographic information systems (RS-GIS) tools (micro, meso, and macro) in studying mangrove ecosystems. In this research note, I provide a contemporary historical record of the sedimentation in three river deltas in Northwestern Luzon: the Bauang/Naguilian, Aringay, and Amburayan Rivers. As a baseline, topographic maps from the NAMRIA 711 series at 1:50000 scale are used dating to aerial photography in the 1960s to 70s. These historical imageries are then contrasted to April 2013 WorldView 2 satellite (Digital Globe Foundation) imagery at 2 meters spatial resolution. The resulting output is a geographic information systems (GIS) shapefile of new sedimentation that has reclaimed part of the sea or even part of the river conduits. This macroscale output was then compared to more macro to meso scalar data taken from a Consumer Off the Shelf Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (COTS-RPAS). Special focus will be given to the mangrove ecosystem that has made these silt accumulations a new home.

Como arqueólogos estamos acostumbrados a analizar el pasado y somos muy conscientes de que el pasado es una construcción del presente, pero ¿Y el futuro? No discutimos este tema en mayor medida, lo cual es extraño, ya que la arqueología, de cierta manera, se trata de recopilar información sobre el pasado para las próximas generaciones. Sin embargo, en los últimos años el futuro ha emergido en la agenda de la literatura arqueológica (por ejemplo, Reilly 2019; y en varias contribuciones de Waterton y Watson 2015) por mencionar solo algunas. El futuro, como el pasado, por supuesto también se crea en el presente. Son muchas las cuestiones por resolver sobre este tema y urge un análisis profundo. Deberíamos empezar a preguntarnos ¿Cómo nos involucramos activamente con los futuros procesos de fabricación y producción en nuestra sociedad? La práctica arqueológica junto con la conservación está fuertemente ligadas a diferentes procesos para documentar y preservar restos materiales para nues...

En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar algunas ideas y prácticas que subyacen a la manera en que se concibe y materializa lo patrimonial a partir de una intervención arqueológica en la calle San Jerónimo 326/344/360 (MC.SJ344) ubicado en la zona céntrica de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Estas tareas fueron realizadas en el contexto de un trabajo de arqueología de contrato, comercial o de impacto, lo cual enmarcó y generó el campo de encuentro y de tensiones alrededor de “lo patrimonial” entre los diferentes actores involucrados: arqueólogos, arquitectos, desarrollistas inmobiliarios, entes reguladores y la propia materialidad. A través de una etnografía arqueológica de las diferentes etapas por las que atravesó la materialidad patrimonializada durante el proceso de intervención, identificamos y discutimos algunos de los ejes de conflicto entre los diferentes actores. Este tipo de análisis reflexivos de la propia práctica colaboran en última instancia a proponer cambios en la man...

En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar algunas ideas y prácticas que subyacen a la manera en que se concibe y materializa lo patrimonial a partir de una intervención arqueológica en la calle San Jerónimo 326/344/360 (MC.SJ344) ubicado en la zona céntrica de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Estas tareas fueron realizadas en el contexto de un trabajo de arqueología de contrato, comercial o de impacto, lo cual enmarcó y generó el campo de encuentro y de tensiones alrededor de “lo patrimonial” entre los diferentes actores involucrados: arqueólogos, arquitectos, desarrollistas inmobiliarios, entes reguladores y la propia materialidad. A través de una etnografía arqueológica de las diferentes etapas por las que atravesó la materialidad patrimonializada durante el proceso de intervención, identificamos y discutimos algunos de los ejes de conflicto entre los diferentes actores. Este tipo de análisis reflexivos de la propia práctica colaboran en última instancia a proponer cambios en la man...

En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar algunas ideas y prácticas que subyacen a la manera en que se concibe y materializa lo patrimonial a partir de una intervención arqueológica en la calle San Jerónimo 326/344/360 (MC.SJ344) ubicado en la zona céntrica de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Estas tareas fueron realizadas en el contexto de un trabajo de arqueología de contrato, comercial o de impacto, lo cual enmarcó y generó el campo de encuentro y de tensiones alrededor de “lo patrimonial” entre los diferentes actores involucrados: arqueólogos, arquitectos, desarrollistas inmobiliarios, entes reguladores y la propia materialidad. A través de una etnografía arqueológica de las diferentes etapas por las que atravesó la materialidad patrimonializada durante el proceso de intervención, identificamos y discutimos algunos de los ejes de conflicto entre los diferentes actores. Este tipo de análisis reflexivos de la propia práctica colaboran en última instancia a proponer cambios en la manera en que se llevan adelante los procesos de patrimonialización en la actualidad y en este contexto

City of waters', Venice represents a unique example of the challenges to be met in order to reconcile the conflicting demands of heritage preservation, infrastructural development and environmental management. This paper expands on the strategic value of Archaeological Impact Assessments (AIA) -studies initiated in response to development proposals that will potentially disturb or alter archaeological sites -by presenting a case study related to an AIA undertaken in Venice prior to the construction of a pipeline stretching across the central and south parts of its lagoon (Fusina Integrated Project). The morphology of this area is very complex and di verse, and it is characterised by the presence of numerous canals, shallows and shoals, a landscape (or, rather, a waterscape) shaped by countless natural and anthropogenic modifications that occurred over the past centuries. The AIA involved the analysis of a variety of datasets acquired through historical, archaeological, geomorphologic and palaeo-environmental investigations coupled with information retrieved by remote sensing imagery analysis and interpretation, and direct survey. The analysis of these datasets led to the identification of a new, large archaeological site located along the planned pipeline track. The elevated 'archaeological sensitivity' of this area caused a change in the project plan, resulting in the relocation of the original pipeline track at an early stage of the work.

The 17th of May 2007 saw the gathering of a large contingent
of Cultural Resource Management (CRM) professionals
from the Association of Southern African Professional Archaeologists
(ASAPA) in Irene, close to Centurion in South Africa.
The aim of the meeting was to start developing professionalism
within Archaeological Resources Management through the
evaluation of existing standards, the clarification of terminologies
and the development of communication structures between
professionals in this field.
During the preamble to the workshop, it became apparent
that the knowledge of legislation that impacts on cultural heritage
and the implementation thereof is one of the main issues
that confront CRM professionals and their interaction with
their clients on a day-to-day basis.
The aim of this discussion piece will be to evaluate the existing
legislation that has an influence on Cultural Heritage Resources
within SouthAfrica and then to link the different terminologies
utilized by different groups, such as CRM professionals,
Environmental Practitioners and State Departments within
South Africa.