AQUATIC ENTOMOLOGY

O gênero Camelobaetidius tem uma ampla distribuição, desde o Canadá até a Argentina. Na América Central há registro de sete espécies, das quais, quatro ocorrem na Costa Rica (CR); uma delas descrita como adulto e as outras descritas como larvas, as quais podem ser separadas em dois grupos, a) garras tarsais com mais de 27 dentículos e b) garras tarsais com menos de 10 dentículos. Enquanto o gênero Moribaetis tem distribuição dos Estados Unidos até a Costa Rica, com três espécies registradas para essa região, das quais todas se encontram na CR. Atualmente está em andamento uma pesquisa sobre a diversidade destes gêneros no país com o objetivo de redescrever as larvas das espécies conhecidas, descrever os estágios desconhecidos, detectar novas espécies e determinar a distribuição geográfica dessas espécies para avaliar a influência do uso da terra nos ecossistemas lóticos que habitam. O material é proveniente da Coleção de Insetos Aquáticos do Laboratorio de Entomología da Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas da Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica; esse material oriundo de distintas zonas geográficas e compreende somente coletas dos últimos cinco anos (2012-2017). Depois de analisar as características morfológicas do material, as espécies do gênero Camelobaetidius foram separadas nos dois grupos mencionados, enquanto que no gênero Moribaetis as espécies foram analisadas todas em conjunto. Preliminarmente, em Camelobaetidius no grupo a foi encontrada uma das duas espécies registradas na Costa Rica e também quatro novas espécies (uma delas com publicação em elaboração); no caso do grupo b ainda não foi encontrada a espécie registrada e se tem encontrado três novas espécies. Em Moribaetis, foram encontradas as três espécies registradas e também duas novas espécies. Estes resultados sugerem que a diversidade dos gêneros Camelobaetidius e Moribaetis na Costa Rica tem um grande potencial de ser maior do que o esperado. Além disso, os dados de distribuição mostram quais das espécies estão mais ameaçadas pelo desenvolvimento humano e a contaminação dos ecossistemas lóticos.

Comic books may have details, allusions and sophisticated ideas, and these approaches must be exploited in various ways, including in the classroom, as an attempt to arouse the interest and hold the attention of students. The composition of a character in the comics often gets interesting influences from real life. Given the strong connection of insects to humans, it is not surprising that they may serve as inspiration for many characters of fiction. And this also applies specifically to aquatic insects. This study aims to conduct an inventory of characters inspired in aquatic insects and published in the comics of two of the leading US publishers (DC Comics and Marvel Comics). From mandatory water orders, Ephemeroptera, Odonata and Megaloptera served as basis for the creation of characters. Broadening the spectrum to include not only water orders, but with representatives in freshwater environments, there are characters inspired in Orthoptera, Blattodea, Hemiptera, Neuroptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and Lepidoptera. From DC Comics, six characters inspired in aquatic insects were invented, belonging to the orders Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Hemiptera. Megaloptera, Coleoptera, and Diptera. From Marvel Comics, it is present the occurrence of eleven characters, almost all based on Odonata. Among the features presented by these characters, stand out the presence of exoskeleton, antennae and compound eyes, flight capacity (associated with the presence of wings), six legs, extracorporeal digestion and inoculation of venom through the stinger. The majority of characters in the plots plays the role of "hero", but with no statistically significant difference compared to "villains".

During a short collecting trip to Montenegro in 2014, 26 locations were sampled
and 692 specimens belonging to 45 species of water beetles were collected. The
following species are recorded for the first time from Montenegro: Haliplus dalmatinus
J. Müller, 1900, Haliplus heydeni Wehncke, 1875, Haliplus laminatus (Schaller,
1783), Hydroporus erythrocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758), Hyphydrus anatolicus (Guignot,
1957), Melanodytes pustulatus (Rossi, 1792) and Rhantus bistriatus (Bergsträsser,
1778). The addition of these seven species brings the total of Hydradephaga known
from Montenegro to 91 species. The new records are presented and an updated
checklist of the Hydradephaga of Montenegro is given.

Trichoptera is the most species-rich clade of exclusively aquatic insects. In Brazil, 645 species have been recorded, distributed
in 70 genera and 16 families. In the Northeast Region of Brazil, 85 species have been recorded, including 56 in Bahia State. Sixteen of the Northeast Region species belong to the family Leptoceridae. Among these, the long-horned
caddisfly genus Neoathripsodes Holzenthal has been a monotypic genus since its erection more than 26 years ago. It is an endemic genus in the states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo and only the male stage has been described for
its only known species, Neoathripsodes anomalus. In this paper, we describe a new species of Neoathripsodes, with the
first description of a female in this genus. Additionally, we present new records for the family Leptoceridae in Bahia, especially from the Serra Bonita Mountains, in order to help solve a long-term problem in Brazilian caddisfly research: An uneven proportion of studies in some regions of the country due to historical reasons. The Northeast Region of Brazil still
remains a neglected area in which efforts to unearth its biodiversity should be focused. In this work, four species are recorded for the first time for Bahia State and its Serra Bonita Mountains: Grumichella rostrata Thienemann 1905, Neoathripsodes holzenthali n. sp., Nectopsyche fuscomaculata Flint 1983, and Notalina cipo Holzenthal 1986. Neoathripsodes and Notalina are new generic records for Bahia State. The following four species are new records for Serra Bonita: Atanatolica bonita Costa & Calor 2014, Oecetis martinae Quinteiro & Calor 2015, O. furcata Quinteiro & Calor 2015, and Triplectides gracilis (Burmeister 1839). Additional new distributional records for Bahia State are included in this study.

Herophydrus musicus (Klug, 1834) is the only species of the genus Herophydrus (Sharp, 1882) occurring on the European mainland and is districted to a few countries in the south. Here the first records of Croatia, Bulgaria and the Greek island of Peloponnese are presented. These new distribution records expand the known range of the species in Europe northwards. A map of its distribution in the Palearctic region and the north of Africa is given and the biogeographical history of the species in Europe is discussed. Samenvatting Herophydrus musicus (Klug, 1834) is de enige soort van het genus Herophydrus (Sharp, 1882) die voorkomt op het Europese vaste land en is gekend van slechts enkele landen in het zuiden van Europa. Hier wordt de soort voor het eerst gemeld van Kroatië en Bulgarije en het Griekse eiland de Peloponnesos. Deze nieuwe vondsten vergroten het gekende Europese areaal van de soort naar het noorden toe. In dit artikel wordt het areaal en de verspreiding in de Palearctische regio en noord Afrika in kaart gebracht en de biogeografische geschiedenis van de soort in Europa besproken. Résumé Herophydrus musicus (Klug, 1834) est la seule espèce du genre Herophydrus (Sharp, 1882) sur le continent européen et n'est connue que de quelques pays de l'Europe méridionale. Elle est rapportée pour la première fois de la Croatie, de la Bulgarie et du Péloponnèse et ces nouvelles données élargissent sa distribution vers le nord. Sa distribution dans la région paléarctique et en Afrique du nord est donnée, de plus, l'histoire biogéographique en Europe des autres espèces de Herophydrus est discutée.

The nymphs of a new species of Camelobaetidius (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) possibly related to the South American species
of this genus were found on the Atlantic and Pacific slopes of Costa Rica. Among other characteristics it is distinguished
by having the anterodorsal arc of labrum with 1 + 6 setae, the first two frayed, ventrally 4 small setae near the
lateral margin, and a minute seta near the anterior margin, on both sides of the cleft; the left mandible incisors with 6 denticles
similar in size and the tip of the slender process extended at about the same level as the incisors; the paraglossa and
glossa equal in length and a little shorter than segment II of labial palp, and a short triangular distomedial projection on
segment II of labial palp; small nipple-like thoracic gills at base of forecoxa; claws with 27–32 denticles; posterior margin
of abdominal terga with rounded spines; paraproct with 1–3 sclerotized spines, and cerci approximately 12% longer than
the median filament. Both sexes present several different colorations. Some data on microhabitat preferences of nymphs
are also given.

O Parque Estadual do Rio Doce é o maior fragmento contínuo remanescente do bioma Mata Atlântica no Estado de Minas Gerais, sendo um dos mais ameaçados do estado. Estudos acerca da fauna de Ephemeroptera são escassos para a região, sendo na maioria das vezes pontuais. Visando contribuir para a expansão do conhecimento da ordem no estado de Minas Gerais foi realizado um levantamento da efemeropterofauna do PERD e das áreas no entorno dentro da zona de amortecimento do parque, centrado na família Baetidae. A partir das ninfas e adultos coletados foram identificadas dezenove espécies. São também apresentados alguns aspectos biológicos das espécies identificadas.

Eggs were collected from a south-central Oklahoma population of Caenis latipennis and reared at three different temperatures: 15, 20, and 25ºC. Eggs took 132 degree-days on average to hatch. Nymphs were reared to adults at 20ºC and emerged on average in 1709 degree-days. Degree-day estimates were applied to fall and winter stream temperatures to predict hatching and emergence times. These predictions indicate that the long overwintering generation is the combination of three different developmental strategies influenced by decreasing temperatures during the fall emergence period.

Two new species of Chimarra (Chimarrita) are described and illustrated, Chimarra (Chimarrita) mesodonta
sp. n. and Chimarra (Chimarrita) anticheira sp. n. from the Chimarra (Chimarrita) rosalesi and Chimarra
(Chimarrita) simpliciforma species groups, respectively. The morphological variation of Chimarra (Curgia)
morio is also illustrated. Chimarra (Otarrha) odonta and Chimarra (Chimarrita) kontilos are reported to
occur in the northeast region of Brazil for the first time. An updated key is provided for males and females
of the all species in the subgenus Chimarrita.

During a short collecting trip to Montenegro in 2014, 26 locations were sampled and 692 specimens belonging to 45 species of water beetles were collected. The following species are recorded for the first time from Montenegro: Haliplus dal­ matinus J. Müller, 1900, Haliplus heydeni Wehncke, 1875, Haliplus laminatus (Schaller, 1783), Hydroporus erythrocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758), Hyphydrus anatolicus (Guignot, 1957), Melanodytes pustulatus (Rossi, 1792) and Rhantus bistriatus (Bergsträsser, 1778). The addition of these seven species brings the total of Hydradephaga known from Montenegro to 91 species. The new records are presented and an updated checklist of the Hydradephaga of Montenegro is given.