Systematic Entomology

Oniticellini Kolbe, 1905 is a paucispecific tribe of the scarab beetle subfamily Scarabaeinae. The tribe is composed of 256 described species worldwide, while from India, 26 species were recorded to date. Beetles belonging to this tribe are commonly known as paracoprid dung beetles and perform some remarkable ecological functions. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of knowledge on the occurrence of these beetles in the mega diverse tropical forests of the Himalayan foothills located in the north of the West Bengal state of India.A first faunistic account of the tribe Oniticellini Kolbe, 1905 from Baikunthapur Forest, located at the Himalayan foothills of the West Bengal state of India is presented. A total of five species of the tribe distributed over two generaTiniocellusandLiatonguswere recorded during multiple surveys of the scarab fauna of the Forest. All taxa were recorded for the first time from the area, whileTiniocellus spinipes(Roth, 1851) is a new record for the West Bengal S...

El presente trabajo se ha desarrollado con el objetivo de conocer la riqueza faunística y la fenología de las especies de la subfamilia Banchinae en un ecosistema de montaña mediterránea del SE peninsular. Los resultados obtenidos indican una gran diversidad, habiéndose encontrado 25 especies, de las cuales 20 constituyen nuevas citas para la provincia de Alicante y/o Valencia, además se cita como novedad faunística para la Península ibérica a las especies Cryptopimpla arvicola (Gravenhorst, 1829), Lissonota (Lissonota) gracilenta Holmgren, 1860 y Syzeuctus puberulus (Kriechbaumer, 1895). La mayoría de especies encontradas tiene distribución Europea. También se ha demostrado que la fluctuación poblacional anual corresponde a climas mediterráneos con dos máximos pluviométricos anuales, el primero en primavera y el segundo en otoño.

Paolo AUDISIO (*), Hervé BRUSTEL (**), GiusePPe Maria CARPANETO (***), GiorGia COLETTI (*), eMiliano MANCINI (*), eManuele PIATTELLA (****), Marco TRIZZINO (*), Moreno DUTTO (*****), Gloria ANTONINI (*) and alessio DE BIASE (*) introduction Hermit beetles are a group of flower chafers (Scarabaeidae: subfamily Cetoniinae: tribe Trichiini) of the genus Osmoderma LePeletier de Saint-Fargeau & Serville, 1828. They are large scarab beetles (more than 30 mm long) that live in old hollow trees. This genus includes a dozen of species widespread throughout the Palaearctic and the Nearctic Regions (see below for a world checklist of the genus). The geographic distribution and the ecological traits of the European species, jointed together under the name Osmoderma eremita sensu lato, have been recently summarized by Ranius & Nillson (1997), Schaffrath (2003a, 2003b, 2001), , 2004. These studies, supported by many other surveys conducted at local level, evidenced a strong decline suffered by this taxonomic group throughout its distribution range, and reported the extinction from some countries due to habitat loss and intensive forest management. For this reason, Osmoderma eremita s.l. was (*) (**) (***) (****) (***

Termites cause a wide array of damages to plantations, trees and manmade structures. Both industrial and food crops as well as forest trees are attacked by termite. Reports on economic losses caused by termite infestations have been made worldwide. The objective was to identify suitable and sustainable indigenous methods adopted by resource poor farmers for termite control. Semistructured questionnaires were administered to 20 farmers in each of the selected communities who practiced indigenous termite control methods. A total of 100 farmers were interviewed, who had applied various indigenous treatments on their crop fields against termite infestation. The study recorded a total of 24 termite species, which varied in presence at each locality, with a few serious pest species damaging agricultural products such as maize, yam, millet, and other natural resources in the area. Five termite prevention and control methods were identified: (i) burial of plant and animal materials, (ii) ap...

La Hacienda el Roble se encuentra ubicada en la region andina, bajo un clima calido, en el municipio de los Santos, Santander; presenta un agro-ecosistema cafetero, que produce cafe organico certificado; por sus practicas ambientales se ha convertido en un referente a nivel nacional e internacional que muestra la  importancia de generar campos productivos sostenibles. Dentro de el convergen diferentes poblaciones entre los que se destaca las comunidades de mariposas, un recurso potencial de aprovechamiento sostenible, por la gran representatividad dentro de este agro-ecosistema cafetero, esta investigacion genero la linea base ambiental de la Hacienda el Roble con el objeto de identificar el potencial del recurso de mariposas y establecer sistemas de cria y manejo adecuado, para contribuir a mantener el equilibrio y el uso sostenible de la biodiversidad en la hacienda; para ello se realizo una caracterizacion de las mariposas con el fin de identificar la Lepidopterofauna presente en...

The presence of Nemapogon variatella (Clemens, 1859) is reported for the first time in Chile, from Cauquenes, Region del Maule, associated with edible mushrooms of genus Suillus Gray. Diagnostic characters, photographs and biological aspects of this species are given.

The presence of Nemapogon variatella (Clemens, 1859) is reported for the first time in Chile, from Cauquenes, Region del Maule, associated with edible mushrooms of genus Suillus Gray. Diagnostic characters, photographs and biological aspects of this species are given.

Five subfamilies within Chrysomelidae (leaf beetles) have larvae that retain their feces as a coat or armor which serves for thermoregulation, camouflage, or barrier to enemies. The construction, retention and repair of these fecal structures are associated with specialized larval morphologies in the tortoise beetles (subfamily Cassidinae) and in the Cryptocephalinae + Lamprosomatinae (Camptosomata), but morphology associated with fecal encrustations on larvae in the Blepharida-group flea beetles (Galerucinae: Alticini) and in Criocerinae have not been examined. Experiments with live larvae of Podontia quatuordecimpunctata (L., 1767) (or sineguelas leaf beetle, SLB; Blepharida group) reveal the anus opens dorsally and deposits feces directly to the larva's dorsum; the armor is maintained and is reconstructed. Scanning electron microscopy reveals integumental microtrichia that presumably hold on the feces. This invasive beetle has become an introduced tree-crop pest in the Philippines, so ongoing research seeks to mitigate its population. Insecticidal chemical assays show that fecal armor does not fully protect SLB larvae but delays potency slightly. The study recommends rotating the insecticides (Imidacloprid, Cypermethrin, and Buprofezin) to prevent the development of resistance. Specialized morphology for fecal retention is known in Cassidinae, Camptosomata and is now documented in the Blepharida group. Such morphology and the fecal-building behavior can offer additional phylogenetic information for these beetles.

Bajo las condiciones agroecológicas de los valles de Arica, Región de Arica y Parinacota, Chile, el delfácido del maíz Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead) se comporta como estricto monófago, colonizando cultivos de maíz amiláceo, Zea mays L. var. Amylacea, y maíz dulce, Z. mays L. var. Saccharata. Ambos tipos de maíz se cultivan durante todo el año para consumo como hortaliza (choclo), y su colonización por P. maidis se efectúa con eficacia gracias a la existencia de dos morfotipos alares, i.e. ejemplares macrópteros encargados de la dispersión e individuos braquípteros que cumplen el rol de hacer crecer rápidamente la población local. Observaciones de campo, complementadas con mediciones realizadas en microjaulas, y también sobre ejemplares aislados en laboratorio, permitieron establecer que las hembras macrópteras presentaron un período promedio de preoviposición mayor (17,8 1,2 días) que las hembras braquípteras (12 1,1 días). En cambio, estas últimas mostraron un período promedio de oviposición más largo (20,7 6,7 días) que las hembras macrópteras (8,7 1,5 días). Asimismo, las hembras braquípteras depositaron en promedio un mayor número de huevos (157,8) que las hembras macrópteras (49,7). Analizados estos datos mediante la prueba t de Student, se encontró que para los tres parámetros anteriormente indicados las diferencias estadísticas entre ambos morfotipos alares son muy significativas (P ≤ 0,001). Se concluye que estas diferencias son congruentes con los roles distintos y complementarios que cumplen ambos morfotipos en la dispersión, colonización y explotación del recurso alimentario.

Species diversity and abundance of scarab beetles was studied from Assam, northeast India from 20072013. A total of 44 species of scarabs under 6 sub families and 21 genera were identified, out of which 41 species are new records. Majority of the phytophagous species belonged to the subfamily Melolonthinae and Rutelinae while the coprophagous species belonged to Dynastinae and Cetoniinae. Species profiling revealed that Apogonia ferruginea was the most predominant species and contributed 17.60 per cent out of the total number of beetles followed by Anomala chlorosoma (14.56%), Adoretus spp. (12.75%), Apogonia area (10.94%) and Sophrops irridipennis (10.63%) with peak population in the month of July (419.14). Multiple regression analysis with weather parameters revealed that beetle population was influenced by combined effects of maximum temperature, total rainfall and wind speed in all years with maximum variation in 2007 (78.66%) and minimum in 2012 (59.56%).

Field efficacy of some newer insecticides was evaluated against Odontotermes obesus in preserved setts of sugarcane at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during 2014-15. Three budded setts were treated with insecticides for one hour and were preserved by adopting “deep trench trash cover” method, in which seed stalks were vertically kept in narrow trenches with depth equal to the length of the stalks. In case of untreated control the setts were preserved horizontally. Experimental results indicated that all the insecticidal treatments were significantly superior over the untreated control in reducing termite infestation. The setts treated with clothianidin 50 WDG at concentration of 1ml/ lit registered the lowest infestation of termites (5.55 and 6.18% as number and portion infested respectively) and this treatment showed statistical parity with the combined application of acephate 50 per cent and imidacloprid 1.8 per cent at concentration 1ml/ lit treated setts (7.49 and 8.59%)....

The present checklist focuses on the tri-trophic relationships of four species of Propylea Mulsant (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera): Propylea dissecta (Mulsant), Propylea japonica (Thunberg), Propylea luteopustulata (Mulsant), and Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (Linnaeus), which have been documented in India and are linked to agroecosystems and orchards in the northwestern and northeastern regions of India. The most polyphagous species, Propylea luteopustulata (Mulsant), feeds on 38 aphid species, whereas Propylea dissecta (Mulsant), Propylea japonica (Thunberg), and Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (Linnaeus) target 18, 13, and 14 aphid species, respectively. All these species have been recorded hunting 48 aphid species that feed 95 plant species used for food across 16 states and union territories in India. Most tri-trophic associations (triplets) of Propylea species are noted in Jammu & Kashmir (41 triplets), then Uttar Pradesh (37 triplets), West Bengal (34 triplets), Uttarakhand (29 triplets), Manipur (26 triplets), and several other states with 1-8 triplets. All four species of Propylea preyed upon Aphis craccivora Koch, Aphis gossypii Glover, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), and Myzus persicae (Sulzer). It is crucial to emphasize that documentation efforts for these aphid-eating ladybugs in India have been scarce and many areas still remain unexplored, highlighting the need for a thorough survey plan to identify them in those regions.

A checklist of tri-trophic associations (triplets) involving aphidophagous species of four tribes of subfamily Coccinellinae (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) is prepared across various states and union territories of India. In 13 Indian states and union territories, 24 species of these tribes (Hyperaspidini: 2 species, Noviini: 3 species, Platynaspidini: 3 species, and Sticholotidini: 16

This article examines the tri-trophic interactions involving hover flies that prey on aphids. Melanostoma orientale (Wiedemann) and Melanostoma univittatum (Wiedemann) consume 9 and 3 aphid species, respectively. All Paragus Latreille species have been documented on 38 aphid species that infest 81 food plant species across 18 states and union territories of India. Among them, the most polyphagous was Paragus serratus (Fabricius), which consumes 23 species of aphids feeding on 59 species of plants, while Paragus tibialis (Fallén) preys on 17 species of aphids infesting 20 species of plants. Similarly, all species of Sphaerophoria Lepeletier & Serville have been documented on 22 aphid species that infest 41 food plant species across 15 states/union territories in India. Among them, the most polyphagous Sphaerophoria indiana Bigot consumes 15 species of aphids that live on 20 species of plants, while Sphaerophoria scripta (Linnaeus) feeds on 13 species of aphids from 27 species of plants. It is noteworthy that documentation efforts for these aphidophagous hover flies in India have been minimal. Numerous regions remain unassessed, emphasising the necessity for a comprehensive survey plan to discover these species in those areas. Research Paper

A checklist of tri-trophic associations (triplets) involving aphidophagous species of a tribe Aspidimerini of Coccinellinae (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) is prepared, highlighting their essential role in the natural regulation of aphid populations across various terrestrial ecosystems in the states and union territories of India, alongside the aphid prey species (Hemiptera: Aphididae) that infest different host plants. The tri-trophic associations (triplets) of 14 species (including 2 species identified up to genus) under 3 genera are aphidophagous, preying on 35 species of aphids infesting 70 species of plants, resulting in 133 tri-trophic associations across 16 states of India.

The article explores the tri-trophic relationships among various species belonging to two genera of aphid-feeding hover flies, Betasyrphus Matsumura and Episyrphus Matsumura & Adachi (Syrphidae: Diptera) in India. It identifies five species of Betasyrphus Matsumura: Betasyrphus adligatus (Wiedemann), Betasyrphus fletcheri Ghorpadé, Betasyrphus isaaci (Bhatia), Betasyrphus linga Ghorpadé, and Betasyrphus serarius (Wiedemann), alongside two species of Episyrphus Matsumura & Adachi: Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer) and Episyrphus viridaureus (Wiedemann) that are known to prey on aphids in India. Among these, Betasyrphus serarius (Wiedemann) and Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer) are particularly polyphagous, with the former feeding on 33 species of aphids and the latter on 57 species. All the Betasyrphus species have been documented on 36 species of aphids that infest 64 species of host plants across 17 states and union territories in India. In contrast, both species of Episyrphus have been observed feeding on 57 species of aphids that infest 108 host plants in 21 states and union territories of India. The majority of the tri-trophic associations (triplets) for Betasyrphus spp. were recorded in Uttarakhand (22 triplets), followed by West Bengal (18 triplets), while for Episyrphus spp., the highest records were in Uttarakhand (45 triplets) and Uttar Pradesh (38 triplets). Notably, there have been very few efforts to document these aphidophagous hover flies in India. Many areas still remain unexplored, highlighting the need for a thorough survey plan to identify them in those regions.

The present article deals with the predators and parasitoids of the aphids (Aphididae: Hemiptera) infesting okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) crops and their distribution in different states and union territories of India. Most of them are found to prey on or parasitise Aphis gossypii Glover. The predators belong to one order of class Arachnida: Araneae (families Araneidae, Cheiracanthidae, Lycosidae, Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Tetragnathidae, Theriidae, and Thomisidae) and five orders of class Insecta: Coleoptera (families Anthribidae, Coccinellidae), Diptera (family Syrphidae), Hemiptera (families Geocoridae, Pentatomidae), Mantodea (family Mantidae), and Neuroptera (families Chrysopidae, Hemerobiidae). A total of 68 species of predators of various taxa were recorded to feed on 4 species of okra aphids distributed in 17 states/union territories of India. The highest number of predators belonged to the families Coccinellidae (29 species) and Oxyopidae (5 species). Most of the tri-trophic associations (triplets, predators-preys-host plants) of these predators were reported in Karnataka (32 triplets), Kerala (19 triplets), Maharashtra (10 triplets) and Uttarakhand (9 triplets each), and other states/union territories had 1-7 triplets. All the parasitoids of okra aphids belong to two subfamilies, Aphelininae (Aphelinidae: Hymenoptera) and Aphidiinae (Braconidae: Hymenoptera) in India. A total of 8 species of parasitoids were observed parasitising these aphids infesting in only 8 states/union territory of India. Most of the tri-trophic associations (triplets, parasitoids - hosts - host plants) of these parasitoids are reported from Bihar (4 parasitoid species, 7 triplets), followed by Sikkim (2 parasitoid species, 2 triplets) and single species each in Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and West Bengal. Relatively few attempts have been made to document the natural enemies of okra aphids in India; thus, a comprehensive survey plan is required to document them in undiscovered locations.

The predators and parasitoids of cucurbit crop-infesting aphids (Aphididae: Hemiptera) and their distribution across different states and union territories of India are discussed in this article. The majority of them are known to prey on or parasitise Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis spiraecola Patch and Aphis craccivora Koch. The predators belong to six families of the spiders and five families of insects (Coccinellidae, Syrphidae, Miridae, Chrysopidae, Hemerobiidae). Twelve species of cucurbit aphids, recorded in 16 Indian states and union territories, were fed by a total of 74 predator species from different taxa. The families Coccinellidae (43 species) and Syrphidae (12 species) had the greatest number of predators. Most of the tri-trophic associations (triplets) were reported in Kerala (35 triplets), Jammu & Kashmir (32 triplets), Uttar Pradesh (31 triplets) and Bihar (30 triplets). A total of 10 species of parasitoids were observed parasitising these aphids infesting in 10 states/union territories of India. Aphis gossypii Glover was reported to be parasitised by 6 species of the parasitoids in 6 states/union territories. Most of the tri-trophic associations were reported from Bihar (28 triplets) followed by Uttar Pradesh (15 triplets) and Karnataka (3 triplets). A thorough and comprehensive survey plan is required to document these parasitoids in unexplored regions as such checklist provides an invaluable reference for taxonomists, researchers, academicians, conservation managers, and policymakers to their proper use in natural/biological control programmes against these aphid pests.

Taoia and Uroleucon infesting several fruit trees, cereals, pulses, oil seeds, vegetable and fodder crops. These aphidophagous ladybirds are mostly distributed in northwest and northeast states of India. Since no attempts have been made to document their tritrophic interactions in unexplored portions of India, a thorough survey method is required to catalogue these aphidophagous ladybird predators in those states and union territories. This checklist will be a significant tool for taxonomists, researchers, academics, conservation managers, and policymakers to ensure the effective use of these natural enemies in biological or natural control strategies for aphids.

The present article provides a catalogue of tri-trophic associations of the common hover fly Ischiodon scutellaris (Fabricius) across India based on the published authentic literature. It is widely distributed in some parts of Europe, southeast Asia and Australia. It is the most effective natural enemy of aphid pests in economically important crops such as cereals, vegetables, oilseeds, cotton, pulses, etc. It is used in greenhouse aphid pest biocontrol programmes. Ischiodon scutellaris (Fabricius) was reported to prey on 50 species of aphids feeding on 88 species of plants excluding unidentified ones with 148 tri-trophic associations distributed in 21 states/union territories across India, mostly in Karnataka (36 triplets) followed by Uttar Pradesh (35 triplets), Uttarakhand (29 triplets), Manipur (28 triplets), Bihar (21 triplets), Maharashtra (20 triplets) and less than 20 triplets in rest of the states and union territories. In fact, there has been no attempt to document the tritrophic associations of this predator in several regions of India; therefore, a comprehensive survey plan is necessary to document them in those unexplored states/union territories.

The present study addresses the tri-trophic relationships involving nine species of Oenopia Mulsant (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera): Oenopia billieti (Mulsant), Oenopia conglobata (Linnaeus), Oenopia kirbyi Mulsant, Oenopia manipurensis Shantibala, Oenopia mimica Weise, Oenopia quadripunctata Kapur, Oenopia sauzeti Mulsant, Oenopia sexareata (Mulsant), and Oenopia signatella (Mulsant), identified as aphidophagous in India. The most polyphagous species, Oenopia sauzeti Mulsant, feeds on 44 aphid species, while Oenopia kirbyi Mulsant and Oenopia sexareata (Mulsant) feed on 41 and 30 aphid species, respectively. All these species have been recorded as predators of 72 aphid species that infest 109 plant species across 13 states and union territories in India. Most tri-trophic associations (triplets) of Oenopia species are documented in Manipur (105 triplets), followed by Uttarakhand (66 triplets), West Bengal (36 triplets), Himachal Pradesh (39 triplets), Nagaland (21 triplets), and several other states with 1-18 triplets. The result reveals that the mealy plum aphid, Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy), was preyed upon by the most Oenopia species (7 species), followed by Aphis craccivora Koch, Aphis fabae Scopoli, Aphis gossypii Glover, and Macrosiphum rosae (6 species each). In contrast, Aphis aurantii Boyer de Fonsc. and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were attacked by 5 species each, while other aphid species faced predation from 1 to 4 predator species. The Oenopia are mainly associated with aphids that attack Artemisia vulgaris L. (17 triplets), followed by Quercus serrata Murray and Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. (13 triplets each); Prunus persica (L.) Stokes (9 triplets), Alnus nepalensis D. Don and Solanum melongena L. (8 triplets each); Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis (7 triplets); and on various other plants with 1-5 triplets. The findings indicate that tri-trophic interactions involving these aphidophagous predators remain largely unexplored across several regions of India. Hence, systematic surveys are required to document these ladybird predators in the understudied states and union territories. Such a checklist would provide a

The Scarabaeoidea of the families Trogidae, Geotrupidae, Hybosoridae and Scarabaeidae from the Maltese islands are reviewed. A total of 54 species are included of which the following eight species represent new records for this archipelago: Trox fabricii and T. scaber in Trogidae; Aphodius beduinus, A. algiricus, Amphimallon (?) scutellare, Aplidia hirticollis, Protaetia opaca and Lasiotrichius succinctus in Scarabaeidae. Of these, the record of Aplidia hirticollis, previously endemic to southern Italy, extends its distributional range further south and that of Lasiotrichius succinctus is based on intercepted material and its local establishment is not confi rmed. A number of species are based on old records and were not collected again recently pointing out to the possible extinction of these species from Malta. The almost complete absence of grazing animals in Malta may have contributed substantially for the disappearance of species associated with animal dung. Thirteen previously recorded species of Scarabaeoidea from Malta are being excluded from the Maltese fauna.

Two entomopathogenic fungi viz., B. brogniartii and M. anisopliae applied alone and in combination with insecticides viz., chlorpyriphos and imidacloprid were evaluated against the white grubs infesting green gram during Kharif 2007-08. The crop was raised at the Instructional-cum-Research Farm of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat by following all recommended agronomic practices. The sowing of seed was done on 3 rd and 9 th September during 2007 and

In the 21st century, enhancing agricultural production to feed a predicted 10 billion people and guarantee food security is the biggest problem facing society. Global population explosion and food scarcity are two of the largest obstacles to long-term sustainable development. As a consequence, modern technical developments like smart farming have enabled great increases in agricultural production, leading to the third green revolution and breakthroughs in farming practices. Using information and communication technologies in agricultural production, smart farming (SF) seeks to increase resource efficiency. Smart innovations in agriculture, such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), Kisan drones, automated tractors, automated irrigation, automated weather prediction, and remote sensing (GIS and GPS), can effectively address global problems. The appropriate application of this technology in conjunction with the Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to improve farmers' quality of life by increasing their production and earnings, which is a positive indication of long-term food security. Intelligent farming may save expenses, boost output, and stimulate youth development by creating high-quality jobs, all of which contribute to a healthy food system. This review will emphasize these advancements to provide a better understanding of how agriculture has changed into smart farming and how it may help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. A lack of application skills, expensive expenses, and restricted internet connections are some of the obstacles that smart farming still faces when it comes to conversion and adaptation.

Based on newly collected material, we present a comparative redescription of two histerid beetles: Erebidus vlasovi (Reichardt, 1941) and the poorly known E. reichardti (Tishechkin & Lackner, 2012). The study includes a diagnostic key emphasizing subtle morphological characters and a table of principal morphometric parameters for Erebidus species. The study offers the first analysis of female genitalia of both species, revealing gonocoxal similarities between E. reichardti and other Saprininae, while variability in gonocoxal structure within the genus may indicate its polyphyletic nature.

Two new species of Bradybatus GERMAR, 1823 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae), belonging to the subgenus Nothops MARSEUL, 1868, are described from Lebanon: B. schoenmanni sp.n. and B. nemethi sp.n. The type material of closely related species has been studied. An updated key to the species of Nothops with remarks on the distribution is provided.

Nanophryodotus gen.n. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae: Hipporhinini), and three new species from South Africa (Northern Cape, Western Cape), N. cerula sp.n., N. angusticollis sp.n., and N. romani sp.n., are described. The new genus is closely related to Ophryodotus PASCOE, 1887. A key to the species of Nanophryodotus is provided.

A new genus, Boroveciella gen.n. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and three new species, B. purpurascens sp.n., B. viridescens sp.n., and B. jaechi sp.n. from South Africa (Northern Cape and Western Cape), are described. A key to the species of Boroveciella and a map showing their distribution are provided. The new genus is closely related to Ophryodotus PASCOE, 1887.

The genus Hypoglyptus Gerstaecker, 1855 is herein revised for the first time. Based on adult morphological characters, five species are recognized as valid: Hypoglyptus conspersus (Leonhard, 1912) (Greece), H. elegans (Brullé, 1832) (Greece, Albania), H. gracilis Kiesenwetter, 1864 (Greece), H. graecus (Pic, 1902) (Greece), H. heydeni Faust, 1889 (Greece, Syria, Turkey). For this last species a lectotype is designated. Hypoglyptus pictus Gerstaecker, 1855 is proposed as n. syn. of H. elegans (Brullé, 1832). Male and female genitalia have been examined and are illustrated for the first time. The five species are very similar to and separable from each other by a few subtle differences in the shape, the sculpture, and the vestiture of the pronotum and elytra and in the more or less toothed femora. On the basis of morphological characters, the genus Hypoglyptus, previously incertae sedis in Curculionidae, is here tentatively placed in the tribe Smicronychini of the subfamily Curculioninae.

Synapion (Giustiapion) benedikti Giusto, Košťál and Holecová n. sp. from Albania and Greece (♂♀; type locality: Central Greece: Kaliakouda Mts.: Aniáda env.) is described. It is compared with Synapion (Giustiapion) falzonii (Schatzmayr, 1922) and Synapion (Giustiapion) perraudieri (Desbrochers des Loges, 1884) and a key to the three species is presented.

Sciaphobus (Neosciaphobus) messutati sp. nov. and Pelletierellus holecovae sp. nov. (Curculionidae: Entiminae) from Albania are described and illustrated. The morphological relationships of both new species to all their related taxa are emphasised. Microhabitats and the stenotopic character of both species, having the same locus typicus are discussed. Both species were collected in a subalpine meadow at elevation of 1 900 m by general sweeping and sifting of litter under perennial vegetation.

Plastologus Schoenherr, 1842, hitherto a monotypic genus belonging to the tribe Hipporhinini, is herein revised for the first time. Three species are recognized as valid based on morphological characters, all distributed in southern regions of South Africa. In addition to the type species of the genus, Plastologus costatus Boheman, 1842, the following two species are described as new to the science: P. boroveci Košt'ál sp. n. and P. punctatus Košt'ál sp. n.

Ommatius fimbriatus and O. subtus are based upon four speClmens embedded m DommlCan amberfrom the El Mamey Formation in the Dominican Republic. The amber is from the Lower Oligorene -Upper Eocene, originating between 25 and 40 million years ago. The specimens are the first reported fossils of Ommatius. Both species are described and compared with modern species. Significant characters are illustrated and/or photographed.

The current research work was undertaken on the succession of arthropods on black gram [Vigna mungo (L.)]. An experiment was conducted at Adhartal farm, Integrated Farming System unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur during Kharif season 2022-23. Arthropods harboured on the black gram crop 17 species constituted of 16 insects and 1 non insect were recorded, which belonged to 14 families and 6 orders. Out of 16 insects, 6 were natural enemies and 10 insect pests. The 10 species of insect pests were

An experiment was conducted at Adhartal farm, Integrated Farming System unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur during kharif season 2022-23. Two spraying of brahmastra @ 45ml/L initiating on 21 DOC and repeated at 15 days interval was found to be most effective in reducing whitefly and jassid population and registered higher grain yield and also found to be most economic (1:16.53) followed by brahmastra @ 30ml/L (1:11.95), agniastra @ 45ml/L (1:9.31), agniastra @ 30ml/L (1:5.83), neemastra @ 45ml /L (1:5.39) and neemastra @ 30ml /L (1:3.45). The four biodynamics viz., brahmastra, agniastra, neemastra and dashparni ark were safe for potent predators (Lady bird beetles and spider).

The phylogeny of the insect infraorder Bibionomorpha (Diptera) is reconstructed based on the combined analysis of three nuclear (18S, 28S, CAD) and three mitochondrial (12S, 16S, COI) gene markers. All the analyses strongly support the monophyly of Bibionomorpha in both the narrow (sensu stricto) and the broader (sensu lato) concepts. The major lineages of Bibionomorpha sensu lato (Sciaroidea, Bibionoidea, Anisopodoidea, and Scatopsoidea) and most of the included families are supported as monophyletic groups. Axymyiidae was not found to be part of Bibionomorpha nor was it found to be its sister group. Bibionidae was paraphyletic with respect to Hesperinidae and Keroplatidae was paraphyletic with respect to Lygistorrhinidae. The included Sciaroidea incertae sedis (except Ohakunea Edwards) were found to belong to one clade, but the relationships within this group and its position within Sciaroidea require further study.

The phylogeny of the insect infraorder Bibionomorpha (Diptera) is reconstructed based on the combined analysis of three nuclear (18S, 28S, CAD) and three mitochondrial (12S, 16S, COI) gene markers. All the analyses strongly support the monophyly of Bibionomorpha in both the narrow (sensu stricto) and the broader (sensu lato) concepts. The major lineages of Bibionomorphasensu lato(Sciaroidea, Bibionoidea, Anisopodoidea, and Scatopsoidea) and most of the included families are supported as monophyletic groups. Axymyiidae was not found to be part of Bibionomorpha nor was it found to be its sister group. Bibionidae was paraphyletic with respect to Hesperinidae and Keroplatidae was paraphyletic with respect to Lygistorrhinidae. The included Sciaroideaincertae sedis(exceptOhakuneaEdwards) were found to belong to one clade, but the relationships within this group and its position within Sciaroidea require further study.

Petrorossia albofulva (Walker) 4. Petrorossia nigrofemorata (Brunetti) 5. Anthrax bipunctatus Fabricius *6. Argyromoeba duvaucelii (Macquart) D. Subfamily EXOPROSOPINAE 7. Thyridanthrax (Exhylanthrax) absalon (Wiedemann) 8. Exoprosopa (Exoprosopa) collaris (Wiedemann) *9. Ligyra aurantiaca (Guerin-Meneville) * 10. Ligyra oenomaus (Rondani) SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT Key to the subfamilies 1. Praefurca comparatively long; 2 nd longitudinal vein originating (in knee-shaped form) from it approximately opposite anterior cross vein (at almost half way between origin of praefurca and the cross vein, and this only in some species of Argyromoeba); antenna widely separated at base; frons in a nearly as wide as in ~ .

The taxa of the genus Megasoma Kirby, 1825 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae) related to M. janus (Felsche, 1906) are revised. Megasoma (Megasoma) janus is recognized as a polytypic species, with the nominotypical subspecies Megasoma (Megasoma) janus janus (Felsche, 1906) referring to the populations occurring through the Paranaense Plateau biome of eastern Paraguay, from Concepcion to Caazapá departments, and in western São Paulo and Paraná states in Brazil, and the subspecies Megasoma (Megasoma) janus argentinum Hohne, 1923 for the populations occurring through the South American Gran Chaco biome in Argentina, western Paraguay, southern Bolivia and western Brazil (restricted to Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul states). The populations occurring in a small area in central Bolivia and in a small area in São Paulo state in Brazil are recognized as two separate new subspecies, and described respectively as Megasoma (Megasoma) janus chaparense ssp. nov. and Megasoma (Megasoma) janus grossii ssp. nov. The work includes an overview of the taxonomic history of the involved taxa and the re-descriptions of the known subspecies. Additionally, a distribution map and an identification key are provided.

Microgastrines were collected from nine districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. More than 1200 specimens were collected and examined for proper identification.Results show that a total of nine genera occured in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa viz; Apanteles Foerster, Cotesia Cameron, Dolichogenidea Viereck, Diolcogaster Ashmead, Glyptapanteles Ashmead, Snellenius Westwood, Microplitis Foerster, Microgaster Latreille, and Paroplitis Wasmaeli. The genus Paroplitis Wasmaeli had been recorded for the first time as new record from Pakistan. The most speciose and diverse genus was Cotesia Cameron, having eight species and was recorded from different argro-ecological zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The other genera Microplitis Foerster and Apanteles Foerster having five species each and Dolichogenidea Viereck, Diolcogaster Ashmead, Glyptapanteles Ashmead, Microgaster Latreille, Snellenius Westwood represented by one species each respectively. Distributional notes and images of key morphological feature...

Insects were identified from Chalcidid collection, collected from different ecological zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, present in Entomology Museum, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. Among them, 2 species of genus Epitranus Walker (Chalcididae: Hymenoptera), were identified to be new records for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Pakistan. These insects were collected through insect sweep net and Malaise Trap during 2000-2014. Key to the species along with the diagnostic characters, host records, distribution and Illustrations of important characters is also provided.

Two new records of genus Antrocephalus Kirby belonging to Family Chalcididae (Chalcidoidea: Hymenoptera) were identified from the collection of 200 specimens collected with insect collection sweep net and Malaise Trap from different ecological zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan for two consecutive years in 2012-13. These species were comprised of A. mitys and A. nicus. Diagnostic characters, host record and worldwide distribution of the species are also provided with the description of the species. Key to the species of genus Antrocephalus of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan is also provided along with illustrations of important characters.