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20th Century Spain

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lightbulbAbout this topic
20th Century Spain refers to the historical, cultural, and political developments in Spain from 1900 to 1999, encompassing significant events such as the Spanish Civil War, the Franco dictatorship, and the transition to democracy, as well as transformations in art, literature, and society during this period.
lightbulbAbout this topic
20th Century Spain refers to the historical, cultural, and political developments in Spain from 1900 to 1999, encompassing significant events such as the Spanish Civil War, the Franco dictatorship, and the transition to democracy, as well as transformations in art, literature, and society during this period.

Key research themes

1. How did 20th-century Spain navigate national identity, political turmoil, and societal transformation?

This theme investigates Spain’s shifting conceptions of national identity amid political upheavals across the Restoration, Civil War, Francoist dictatorship, and the early democracy transition. Key research emphasizes intellectual movements around regeneration and nationalism, state-driven propaganda and modernization efforts under Franco, struggles with cultural memory and historical violence, and the role of education and social reform in shaping collective identity and societal cohesion.

Key finding: This study highlights how post-1898 Spanish intellectuals promoted a narrative of national regeneration focused on creating a 'new Spanish race' through education reforms and moral renewal. It documents efforts to replace... Read more
Key finding: Although the abstract is limited, this introduction contextualizes Carmen de Burgos’s 20th-century activism and intellectual work, reflecting broader movements in Spain concerning social reform, gender roles, and national... Read more
Key finding: This paper documents how the Franco regime successfully rebranded Spain as a stable, 'developing' nation attractive to foreign investment during the post-WWII era. The study reveals that Spain’s economic modernization... Read more
Key finding: The article analyzes the negotiated 'pact of oblivion' during Spain’s transition to democracy, critiquing dominant narratives that silence or marginalize the victims of Francoist violence. It highlights how grassroots... Read more

2. What role did ideological networks and cultural expressions play in shaping Spain’s political and social landscape during and after the Franco regime?

This theme explores the persistence and transformation of far-right neofascist networks in post-war Madrid, the politicization and ritualization of memory surrounding the Francoist monument Valle de los Caídos, and cultural contestations of Spain’s past through art, literature, and education. It addresses how ideological communities operated transnationally, how symbolic architectures perpetuated state violence narratives, and how cultural productions negotiated national trauma and identity.

Key finding: Using primary sources such as police and intelligence reports, this paper directly traces how Madrid became a crucial refuge and operational hub for neofascist activists fleeing Allied prosecution after WWII. It shows the... Read more
Key finding: This interdisciplinary study uncovers the fundamentally violent and oppressive political nature embodied by the Valle de los Caídos monument. It documents the forced labor used in its construction, the illicit exhumations and... Read more
Key finding: Through systematic analysis of 19th-century travel guides from major European publishers (Murray, Baedeker, Joanne), this research reveals how foreign historiographers and Hispanists constructed the Andalusian Baroque as a... Read more
Key finding: Analyzing fifty-three English-language travel books from the Franco era, the study documents how foreign travelers valorized Andalusian Baroque painting and sculpture, particularly works by Murillo, Velázquez, and others,... Read more

3. How have literary and visual cultural productions represented and grappled with 20th-century Spanish social realities and historical memory?

This theme examines the role of literature, comic books, and humanities education in representing Spain’s complex 20th-century historical conflicts and social dynamics. It includes the use of autobiographical graphic narratives to explore civil war and dictatorship experiences, feminist re-readings of motherhood under institutionalized patriarchy in literature, and the essential interplay between humanities education, liberal democracy, and resistance to authoritarianism during politically tumultuous periods.

Key finding: This essay refines interpretations of motherhood in Rodoreda’s seminal novel by challenging dominant feminist claims that the protagonist, Colometa, rejects her maternal role. By applying feminist and queer mothering studies... Read more
Key finding: This analytical essay interprets Antonio Altarriba’s graphic novel as an autobiographical and historical chronicle dramatizing Spain’s turbulent 20th century, from the hopeful Republican era through the Civil War and Franco... Read more
Key finding: Through the example of the International Institute in Spain, this paper argues that humanities education is vital for sustaining liberal democracy and countering illiberal political assaults. It situates the humanities... Read more
Key finding: This article presents a nuanced analysis of masculinity as shaped by migration experiences in 1960s Spain and Germany. By examining the protagonist’s negotiation of traditional gender roles amid economic advancement and... Read more

All papers in 20th Century Spain

English version of the Introduction to the book "Psychanalyse du reste du monde", edited by Livio Boni and Sophie Mendelsohn (Paris,La Découverte, 2023)
The celebrations of Dolores Ibárruri’s 80th birthday (Rome, December, 1975) brought together all the different elements of the relationship between the Italian Communist Party (PCI) and the Communist Party of Spain (PCE). While this... more
En sociedades con memorias divididas y contradictorias sobre su pasado cercano, la memoria histórica resultante está fuertemente condicionada por un proceso de construcción cultural, público y mediatizado que dificulta un adecuado... more
El presente artículo identifica y propone cinco claves a tener en cuenta para analizar la recepción y desarrollo del psicoanálisis en la España del segundo franquismo y la Transición: 1) la ausencia -o muy escasa presencia-de referencias... more
Oral presentation The global circulation of science and knowledge in the 21st century raises fundamental questions about how scientific disciplines take root in local contexts. The intensified globalization of the human sciences compels... more
La obra es el resultado del trabajo de un equipo de arquitectos nacionales y surge de un Concurso público de Anteproyectos, cuyo resultado se conoció hacia mediados de 1993. La convocatoria fue realizada por la Comisión Ejecutiva del... more
Hace cien años la generación de 1889, entre los que contaríamos Ganivet, Unamuno, Maeztu, Baroja, Machado y Azorin, presentaron en España un nuevo discurso sobre la cultura y el progreso. Este discurso manifestó una actitud crítica,... more
La edición que aquí reseñamos sobre la obra de los hermanos Quintero se divide en dos grandes apartados: el biográfico y el crítico y, dentro de este último, nos introduce en las tres obras que vamos a leer a continuación: El ojito... more
. En la página 4 de este artículo podemos leer: "Mientras la Historia busca conocer, comprender, interpretar o explicar, y actúa bajo la exigencia de totalidad y objetividad, la memoria pretende legitimar, rehabilitar, condenar, y actúa... more
The Franco regime (1936/39-75) was not only one of the longestlived dictatorships in twentieth-century European history, but also one of the most stable. This longevity had to do with the fact that the country successfully adapted to the... more
This "Introduction", co-written with Mary B. Quinn, to the double volume we co-edited, explores the notion of aurality within a context of "Intersensoriality". While theoretical approaches have largely tended to separate the senses and... more
A finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX tuvo un momento de esplendor un aguardiente elaborado en el pequeño municipio de Ojén, en la provincia de Málaga (España). Pepe Bernal, autor del libro que les presentamos, ha hecho un trabajo... more
El 2 de junio de 2014 los españoles conocimos la decisión del Rey Juan Carlos I de poner fin a su reinado y abdicar la Corona de España. La abdicación se produjo el 18 y al día siguiente tuvo lugar la proclamación y juramento del Rey... more
Estos datos ejemplifican una fuerte atracción por los países del denominado Nuevo Mundo que abarca tanto la realidad social como el campo cultural. Euskal Herria es geográficamente un pequeño país que se proyecta hacia fuera y toma el... more
El libro analiza a partir de varios estudios la diplomacia cultural y la incidencia del soft power en las relaciones entre España y Latinoamérica en el período de Entreguerras
This article looks at the influence of History and "intrahistory" on an author of Modernity: Ernestina de Champourcin. We see how exile during the Spanish Civil War affected her writing compared with other authors such as Juan José... more
El silencio es a veces el mayor orgullo que se puede mostrar». (Björnstjerne Björnson) Alejados de los postulados científicos como la física y su explicación de la creación del universo, existen preguntas sin respuesta en mayor medida... more
l siglo XIX es un siglo convulso, un siglo en el que nuevos elementos de carácter económico, político, social y cultural surgen para vertebrar un mundo nuevo, moderno…, frente al anquilosado Antiguo Régimen. Un siglo en el que la historia... more
l siglo XIX es un siglo convulso, un siglo en el que nuevos elementos de carácter económico, político, social y cultural surgen para vertebrar un mundo nuevo, moderno…, frente al anquilosado Antiguo Régimen. Un siglo en el que la historia... more
Documento con imágenes medievales de la Santísima Virgen en la provincia de León (España).
El relato de nación impulsado por el Estado español durante el siglo XIX explica que Bolívar sea hoy el personaje histórico, tras el Cid, con más estatuas ecuestres en España.
The text attempts to analyze Jorge Oteiza’s thought and sculptural work connected to the Preliminary Design Studio Chalk Laboratory at the ETSAM in Madrid during the fall of 2013. Oteiza’s writings’ core is the text “Experimental... more
Este libro analiza la diversidad de masculinidades de los hombres gays y maricas en la cultura española desde 1975 hasta la actualidad. Se exploran las múltiples formas en que los hombres gays y maricas encarnan y entienden la virilidad,... more
Quevedo probablemente sea aquélla que -entre las de las grandes figuras de los arquitectos que inician su carrera en los años de la posguerra-presenta una mayor continuidad. Una continuidad no sólo interna; esto es, en cuanto a su propio... more
Sobre el Partido Comunista de España en la transición a la democracia en España. Estrategia política, evolución ideológica, contribución al proceso, militantes de base, crisis y comparación con partidos comunistas de Francia, Italia y... more
¿Cómo empezaste a interesarte por la sociología? -Mi iniciación a la sociología tuvo algo de revelación personal, como sucede a veces en los años mozos, cuando uno busca sin saber precisamente qué. La ocasión, si bien no la causa, fue un... more
Las dos instituciones de las que trata este artículo se concibieron en las mismas circunstancias históricas y pasaron por avatares muy parecidos. Se reconstruye, en primer lugar, su común origen en el contexto de la Primera Guerra Mundial... more
Le commencement de cette étude dresse le cadre conceptuel au centre duquel réside le CDCFA. Deuxièmement, l'actuelle approche de l'UE à l'égard de la promotion de la RSS et du CDCFA dans une région (la Méditerranée) fait l'objet d'une... more
RAMOS DIEZ-ASTRAIN, Xavier María y ABAD GARCÍA, Eduardo, "La RDA y la crisis del comunismo español: una mirada transnacional", en ABAD GARCÍA, Eduardo y RAMOS DIEZ-ASTRAIN, Xavier María (eds.), Desencanto y disidencia. Estudios sobre la... more
This article looks at the influence of History and "intrahistory" on an author of Modernity: Ernestina de Champourcin. We see how exile during the Spanish Civil War affected her writing compared with other authors such as Juan José... more
cette dernière institution étant celle à laquelle il est attaché à des effets académiques. "Working Papers" est l'une des collections publiées par l'ICPS, spécialisée dans la publication-dans la langue originale de l'auteur-de travaux en... more
The article is devoted to disappearing language realities of the Franco regime on the basis of the TV series “Cuéntame cómo pasó”. The article examines the manifestations of the changed political, social, scientific and technological... more
Introduction to the Translation and the new Spanish edition of "Divorce in Spain" / "El divorcio en España" by Carmen de Burgos. There are 2 companion volumes published by MLA Texts & Translation. This is the version of the Introduction... more
Introduction to the Translation and the new Spanish edition of "Divorce in Spain" / "El divorcio en España" by Carmen de Burgos. There are 2 companion volumes published by MLA Texts & Translation. This is the English/Translation version... more
does feminism lie in interpretation: could feminists agree on a definitive list of books that are more open than others to a feminist reading? Perhaps the nature of readership is key. Feminist scholars often enjoy reading texts full of... more
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