INDEX OF GAD FRANKO'S LEGAL OPINIONS

AIMS AND SCOPE: Journal of Legal Studies, a professional academic journal, published twice a year, commits itself to promoting the academic communication about laws of Romania and other countries, covers all sorts of researches on legal history, law rules, legal culture, legal theories, legal systems, questions, debate and discussion about law from the experts and scholars all over the world.

The relationship between ethics and law has become more intense throughout the last century. The ethics is described as all the moral codes people believe that they have to abide during their all acts. It has become possible to see ethics in the rules of law in the last century. It is especially probable to see professional codes of ethics in the norms of national and international law. The first international document that comes to mind when people think of the principles of judiciary conduct is the The Bangalore Principles of Judicial Conduct, which is dated 2003. These principles, created by the extensive knowledge of many civilizations and societies, are the written form of experience. In this sense, this study focuses on the ethical principles that Ottoman kadis had to abide by. Ottoman State and Ottoman kadis still accite the attention of the whole World with their justice. It could be noted that there are not many studies investigating the ethical principles kadis had to comply with. However, this paper is based on the resources of Islamic and customary (örfi) law. Nevertheless, the topic is discussed from the perspective of law, particularly the history of Turkish law. The following conclusions could be drawn from the studies conducted up to now. The principles of ethics that Ottoman kadis had to abide could be seen in Ottoman Code of Civil Law (Mecelle-i Ahkâm-ı Adliye). Article 1792 of the Ottoman Code of Civil Law depicts the characteristics and qualities of judges. These characteristics carry the features that could portray what is right and what is wrong for the judges. The Morals of the Judge (Hâkimin Adabı), which is the second chapter of the 16th book of Mecelle, explains the required ethical principles by giving examples. These essentials include directives as to the acts of judges at the trials and outside the court halls. They restrict the judges in bantering, visiting, accepting guests, giving and accepting gifts, controlling gestures and facial expressions, and addressing someone. Thus, they aim to protect the prestige of the court and maintain that the judges secure the justice and treat everyone objectively and equally. The contemporary law involves many rules equivalent and similar to the rules of Mecelle. However, it should be confided that postive law does not include articles such as the article 1812 of Mecelle defining the circumstances when judges were not allowed to render a verdict. This study also contains how these principles were put into practice. Besides, it emphasizes that our history and experiences should be consulted in respect to the ethical principles judges have to concur.

Wolters Kluwer , 2020

Introduction to Turkish Law reflects major changes in Turkish law that had happened after the publication of the sixth edition. This edition covers the most significant of these changes, including the constitutional amendment of 2017 leading to a radical change of the system of government and introduction of new versions of three major codes: Turkish Code of Obligations, Turkish Commercial Code and Code of Civil Procedure. Encompassing all the major fields of legal practice, this edition provides an essential understanding of the Turkish legal system to enable users to become familiar with the law and legal processes in Turkey. What’s in this book: Twelve chapters, written by Turkish experts and scholars in their areas of specialty, focus on particular fields and provide the Turkish equivalents of the English terminology. The book covers the following topics: sources of Turkish law; constitutional law; administrative law; legal persons and business associations; family law; law of succession; law of property; law of obligations; penal law; and laws of civil and penal procedures.

Journal of Legal Studies, a professional academic journal, published twice a year, commits itself to promoting the academic communication about laws of Romania and other countries, covers all sorts of researches on legal history, law rules, legal culture, legal theories, legal systems, questions, debate and discussion about law from the experts and scholars all over the world. OUR AIM: Although it has been issued for four years now, the Journal of Legal Studies aims to become a debate and research forum in the following areas of interest: international law, European law, comparative law, Romanian law, case law studies, scholarly books reviews, reviews of books on other areas related to law.