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Quantitavely Comparing Virtual and Real Draping of Clothes

Profile image of Andrea BottinoAndrea BottinoProfile image of Aldo LaurentiniAldo Laurentini

2001, International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics and Visualization

Abstract
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AI

This paper quantitatively compares the virtual draping of clothes with real fabric draping to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of computational models in cloth simulation. It highlights the importance of precise modeling for applications in the textile industry, fashion design, and virtual fitting technologies. The study explores different cloth materials, methods for mapping empirical data to models, and the impact of model simplifications on the draping representation.

Figures (16)
Most of the physical properties of woven cloth are captured by the empirical Kawabata Evaluation System [Kawabata80]. It consists of a standard equipment, able to determine the relations between stress and strain for stretching, shearing and bending in both warp and weft directions, as well as other properties which do not concern draping. The measure of the Poisson ratio is not included in these tests. It is worth noting that the Kawabata plots fora given cloth can be very different for warp and weft directions, and thus they quantitatively capture the anisotropic behavior of the cloth, as well as its hysteretic behavior. It is hoped that the Kawabata data of set of different clothes, simplified in some way, could be at the basis of effective textile CAD systems.
Most of the physical properties of woven cloth are captured by the empirical Kawabata Evaluation System [Kawabata80]. It consists of a standard equipment, able to determine the relations between stress and strain for stretching, shearing and bending in both warp and weft directions, as well as other properties which do not concern draping. The measure of the Poisson ratio is not included in these tests. It is worth noting that the Kawabata plots fora given cloth can be very different for warp and weft directions, and thus they quantitatively capture the anisotropic behavior of the cloth, as well as its hysteretic behavior. It is hoped that the Kawabata data of set of different clothes, simplified in some way, could be at the basis of effective textile CAD systems.
In Fig. 1-Fig. 3 we show the Kawabata diagrams of one of the cloth we have used for our experiments.
In Fig. 1-Fig. 3 we show the Kawabata diagrams of one of the cloth we have used for our experiments.
Several models of this kind use triangular meshes, as [Baraf98a], [Volin95] and [DeRos98]. Triangular elements have some advantages, for instance when modeling irregular pieces of cloths to be assembled in virtual garments. However, this model is not strictly consistent with the microscopic structure of woven cloth, consisting of two orthogonal sets of threads. A triangular mesh, although effective for fast animation and collision detection, can produce artifacts as those shown in Fig. 4, where a fabric drapes over a sphere.
Several models of this kind use triangular meshes, as [Baraf98a], [Volin95] and [DeRos98]. Triangular elements have some advantages, for instance when modeling irregular pieces of cloths to be assembled in virtual garments. However, this model is not strictly consistent with the microscopic structure of woven cloth, consisting of two orthogonal sets of threads. A triangular mesh, although effective for fast animation and collision detection, can produce artifacts as those shown in Fig. 4, where a fabric drapes over a sphere.
Since our method evaluates the evolution of each particle from its initial state to the final position, it could be possible to take into account also the hysteretical behaviour of cloth’s parameters. This will be the object of future work. Collisions between the cloth and external objects or self collisions are handled after the integration step. 4.3 Collisions
Since our method evaluates the evolution of each particle from its initial state to the final position, it could be possible to take into account also the hysteretical behaviour of cloth’s parameters. This will be the object of future work. Collisions between the cloth and external objects or self collisions are handled after the integration step. 4.3 Collisions
Real Vs virtual (experiment A) Table 1 A. Patch A draped over a sphere (9 cm diameter)
Real Vs virtual (experiment A) Table 1 A. Patch A draped over a sphere (9 cm diameter)
For measuring the shape of the real 3D draping of a piece of cloth we use the following technique. The cloth is marked with a rectangular grid of points which are a subset of the points used to model the virtual cloth. The cloth is observed by two cameras in fixed positions. More cameras can be used for improving precision. Each camera has _ been calibrated according to the Tsai technique [Tsai87]. From the different locations of the grid points on different images, their 3D position can be computed (see Fig. 6).
For measuring the shape of the real 3D draping of a piece of cloth we use the following technique. The cloth is marked with a rectangular grid of points which are a subset of the points used to model the virtual cloth. The cloth is observed by two cameras in fixed positions. More cameras can be used for improving precision. Each camera has _ been calibrated according to the Tsai technique [Tsai87]. From the different locations of the grid points on different images, their 3D position can be computed (see Fig. 6).
The real and the virtual draping (experiment B) Fig. 8
The real and the virtual draping (experiment B) Fig. 8
The real and the virtual draping (experiment A) Fig. 7 B. Patch draped over a medium cubic block (8 cm size)
The real and the virtual draping (experiment A) Fig. 7 B. Patch draped over a medium cubic block (8 cm size)
The real and the virtual draping (experiment C) Fig. 9
The real and the virtual draping (experiment C) Fig. 9
C. Patch A draped over a large cubic block (12.8 cm size) The patch A has been fixed at two points which are 15.5 cm far. Using a linear approximation of the Kawabata diagrams, the simulation reaches an equilibrium, shown in Fig. 11, which is different from the draping of the real cloth (Fig. 10).
C. Patch A draped over a large cubic block (12.8 cm size) The patch A has been fixed at two points which are 15.5 cm far. Using a linear approximation of the Kawabata diagrams, the simulation reaches an equilibrium, shown in Fig. 11, which is different from the draping of the real cloth (Fig. 10).
F. Patch B draped over a small cubic block (5.5 cm size)
F. Patch B draped over a small cubic block (5.5 cm size)

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