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Proceedings of the 2006 international cross-disciplinary workshop on Web accessibility (W4A) Building the mobile web: rediscovering accessibility? - W4A, 2006

go ar and l im ese differenc Web page design in various ways. Problems can be add dependence. A si practice guidelines would be mutually beneficial. This roac n preventing fragmentation of the Web.

Helsinki University of Technology, 2006

Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to be presented with due permission of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering for public examination and debate in Auditorium T1 at Helsinki University of Technology (Espoo, Finland) on the 8th of December, 2006, at ...

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2007

Reading the contents of Web page with a small-screen device, such as a PDA or cell-phone, is still far from being a pleasant experience. Owing to the device limitations, current mobile browsers cannot handle all HTML tags, such as tables, for instance. Thus, most mobile browsers provide a linearized version of the source HTML page, leading to a large amount of scrolling, not to mention the difficulty in finding the desired content. The main contribution of this work is to propose an architecture for adapting web page on small-screen devices. Among the features that our architecture offers, we can cite on-the-fly Web page adaptation and customization according to the user and device characteristics; text summarization; page blocks identification and content mapping to easy the task of locating user interests.

Proceedings of Human Factors in …, 2003

Viewing web pages on a small screen is a topical issue on mobile phones. PDA devices have provided access to the full web for a while, but recently web browsers have also become available for mobile phones. We conducted a study on how ordinary users perceive familiar web pages on the 176x208-pixel color display of a mobile phone. We used the commercial mobile browser that reformats web pages in a tall and narrow layout, using a server side proxy. We found that the users were delighted to have the web on a mobile phone and saw that narrow layout on a mobile phone is a surprisingly good way to view web pages. We also found some areas of improvement, such as providing the interesting content before the information that is often ignored on a large screen.

Proceedings of the 4th international conference on mobile technology, applications, and systems and the 1st international symposium on Computer human interaction in mobile technology, 2007

Mobile devices have made the world a small place. They are also being used widely, to access the Web. However, because most available web pages are designed for desktop PC in mind, it is inconvenient to browse these large web pages on a mobile device with a small screen. With the enormous increase in mobile users since last decade, to such an extent that it even exceeds the number of desktop users in many developing countries, it becomes crucial to design systems for Web Manipulation, there by providing easier and greater accessibility and device independence. In this paper, we propose a new browsing technique to facilitate efficient web access and provide a better user experience on a device with rather small screen as compared to the usual desktop. It also proposes a novel technique to handle multimedia content, especially the images and video on a web page. In order to solve the problem of incomplete tags in HTML, an equivalent XML is generated for the desired webpage. For efficient browsing, the web page is represented as a multi level hierarchy, with the index of major sections on the first level and the sections indexed again in to subsections on the second level and so on, until we reach subsections that can be represented as sub-pages that fit in the small screen. We also propose an efficient algorithm for navigating through the subpages, thereby providing better user experience. The proposed technique provides better and efficient web browsing on mobile small displays up to user satisfaction.

2014

This paper presents an experimental study designed to understand the accessibility differences between the desktop and mobile representations of a Web page. We performed an automatic evaluation of both representations of the home pages of 474 Web sites, using the QualWeb evaluator. We also categorized the pages according to their building methodology to understand its impact on the accessibility quality. The results show that, even if there are differences in the pages of the two delivery contexts, there are no substantial differences in the accessibility quality between both representations. An interesting result emerged when looking specifically at the building methodology of the pages. Mobile representations have better accessibility quality when developed following the non-dedicated pages building methodology. Looking at the problems of each building methodology, we were able to suggest accessibility improvements to developers/designers of Web pages.

2000

ABSTRACT Mobile Web devices present lots of different types of challenge. Much work has focussed on solving technological problems and on working out market strategies. Just as critical, though, is the need to find effective user interfaces for these devices. We argue the role of human computer interaction ideas and approaches in this new domain. To illustrate our ideas we present examples of our work on mobile handheld small screen devices. Keywords: Mobile Web, User Interfaces.

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 2004

One can browse the web with a variety of devices, including hand-held devices such as the cellular phone. The small screen of those devices poses some serious usability issues, one of which is the appropriate hierarchy depth of the web site. In this study, we empirically examined whether a broad navigation structure, which was found to be superior in regular screen-size platforms, also has an advantage for a small-screen device such as the cellular phone where it may require more movements and scrolling between screens of the same hierarchical level. Navigation times and success rates were measured for two search tasks in a mock web site that was built in two versions: one with a broad navigation structure and the other with a deep structure. Both structures were tested with cellular phone emulation and a standard desktop personal computer (PC). Results indicate that performance was better with the broad navigation structure for both the cellular phone and the PC. In addition, performance was better with the PC as compared to the cellular phone, and this difference was pronounced in the broad structure. The results are discussed in terms of the impact of deviceindependent characteristics of the hierarchy depth along with the theoretical account of increased working memory load, confusion and disorientation associated more with deep structures.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2005

Web browsing using hand-held devices is becoming more common. But the relatively small display area of hand-held devices, compared to desktop computers, requires that Web pages designed for desktops are adapted to suit hand-held devices for convenient browsing. Web page adaptation techniques for hand-held devices takes into account device's screen size, limited bandwidth and input capabilities. Although several techniques have been proposed to adapt Web pages for smaller screen, each of them is better suited for specific scenarios and requirements. Hence a better understanding of the features and limitations of these techniques are required for successful development of Web pages for mobile devices. This paper presents a concise overview and comparative evaluation of the state-of-the-art of the techniques for adapting Web pages for hand-held devices.

1999

Soon many people will retrieve information from the Web using handheld, palmsized or even smaller computers. Although these computers have dramatically increased in sophistication, their display size is—and will remain—much smaller than their conventional, desktop counterparts. Currently, browsers for these devices present Web pages without taking account of the very different display capabilities.