Detection improvement of off-pin targets in FMCW radars

Nowadays, FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) radar is widely adapted due to the use of solid state microwave amplifier to generate signal source. The FMCW radar can be implemented and analyzed at low cost and less complexity by using Software Defined Radio (SDR). In this paper, SDR based FMCW radar for target detection and air traffic control radar application is implemented in real time. The FMCW radar model is implemented using open source software and hardware. GNU Radio is utilized for software part of the radar and USRP (Universal Software Radio Peripheral) N210 for hardware part. Log-periodic antenna operating at 1GHZ frequency is used for transmission and reception of radar signals. From the beat signal obtained at receiver end and range resolution of signal, target is detected. Further low pass filtering followed by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is performed to reduce computational complexity.

Sensors

In this paper, a novel signal processing algorithm for mitigating the radar blind speed problem of moving target indication (MTI) for frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) multi-target tracking radars is proposed. A two-phase staggered pulse repetition interval (PRI) solution is introduced to the FMCW radar system. It is implemented as a time-varying MTI filter using twice the hardware resources as compared to a uniform PRI MTI filter. The two-phase staggered PRI FMCW waveform is still periodic with a little more than twice the period of the uniform PRI radar. We also propose a slow time signal integration scheme for the radar detector using the post-fast Fourier transformation Doppler tracking loop. This scheme introduces 4.77 dB of extra signal processing gain to the signal before the radar detector compared with the original uniform PRI FMCW radar. The validation of the algorithm is done on the field programmable logic array in the loop test bed, which accurately models and ...

IRJET, 2023

This study is about the FMCW Radar System Simulation for detecting multiple targets. The FMCW Radar system is a type of radar system that is capable of providing high range resolution and protection against electronic warfare techniques. It does this by emitting a frequency modulated chirp signal from a transmitting antenna, which allows the frequency of the signal to increase or decrease linearly over time. This modulation technique improves the range resolution of the radar system. Therefore, FMCW Radar system is widely used in military applications. The study aimed to improve the range resolution of the FMCW Radar system by optimizing the modules used in the system and processing the transmitted and received signals with advanced algorithms such as CA-CFAR and MUSIC. For evaluating the effectiveness of the system, the study created an environment with multiple targets and conducted a modeling and simulation study to determine the distances, velocities, and angular positions of the targets.

2016 European Radar Conference (EuRAD), 2016

This paper concerns the use of Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radars for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) transponders identification and range localization. In our study, we consider the transponder identification by applying a shift frequency to the RFID transmitted signal. Consequently, our investigation addresses the spectral analysis of the received signal on the FMCW radar. First, the classical FFT method is used for detection of two or more RFID transponders which could be tagged by near shift frequencies. Then, spectral estimation and high resolution methods are evaluated to enhance the detection and discrimination of transponders both in case of free space or Rayleigh fading propagation channel. Finally, the impact of non-linear frequency sweep on the performance of FMCW radar processing is examined. Modeled results are presented showing the effect of such non-linearities on detection accuracies of the transponder.

International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2017

In radar technology range information is getting from received signal which is reflected from the object, here received signal is measured with respect to the transmitted signal. Different radars are used to estimate the frequency and phase like Continuous Wave (CW) radar, Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar. To retrieve the phase information from transmitter and receiver we have implemented different techniques like Zero Crossing Detection (ZC), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and Hilbert Transform (HT) method. For simulating algorithm, MATLAB simulation tool is used to estimate the phase difference, and compared phase estimation techniques.

Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering, 2018

A Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) Doppler radar was assembled to detect human as sample target. Its operating frequency is at 2.4GHz with transmitting power of 10.41 dBm. Range resolution of the radar is 2.8 meters at 53.2MHz signal bandwidth and chirp waveform of 40ms. The radar exploits Doppler principle to acquire the range and velocity information of targets whilst a Moving Target Indicator (MTI) pulse canceller is utilized to filter incoming noise signal. With the use of Chirp period-bandwidth product Frequency Modulated (FM) waveform and deramping process, the radars’ Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) was improved up to 42 dB. The attained maximum range is about 200 meters for a target with Radar Cross Section (RCS) of 1m2. The constructed radar is capable to measure the speed of moving target at 0.645m/s and above with great accuracy. The radar can detect and determine the position of pedestrians with 0.18% percentage error.

Electronics

Radars with mmWave frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) technology accurately estimate the range and velocity of targets in their field of view (FoV). The targeted angle of arrival (AoA) estimation can be improved by increasing receiving antennas or by using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). However, obtaining target features such as target type remains challenging. In this paper, we present a novel target classification method based on machine learning and features extracted from a range fast Fourier transform (FFT) profile by using mmWave FMCW radars operating in the frequency range of 77–81 GHz. The measurements are carried out in a variety of realistic situations, including pedestrian, automotive, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (also known as drone). Peak, width, area, variance, and range are collected from range FFT profile peaks and fed into a machine learning model. In order to evaluate the performance, various light weight classification machine learning models...

IEE Proceedings F Radar and Signal Processing, 1991

The paper describes the waveform analysis for an experimental long-range highfrequency radar system with a design capability for over-the-horizon detection of ocean surface targets up to 400 km from shore with a range resolution of 400m. Motivated by the need to maximise the transmitter duty cycle in order to detect long-range targets, the radar is based on a frequency modulated interrupted continuous wave (FMICW) type waveform. The interrupt sequence, which is necessary for a high power monostatic operation, complicates the analysis of the radar performance in terms of the ambiguity function (AF). This paper analyses the range dependent AF of FMICW waveforms and proposes practical interrupt sequences for the synthesis of desired AFs. Paper 8091F (ElS), first received 1st June and in revised form 29th

For civil and military purposes FMCW radars are widely used. The theoretical background is wellestablished. Nevertheless, improvement of various aspects of these radars is still required. Signal processing is one of the crucial points of the system which determines the capabilities of the radar. In this study a zero crossing detector implementation, which can be efficiently used for target detection and range calculation in short range FMCW range detector is proposed. The duration between consecutive zero-crossings are used as the data instead of the number of cycles per unit time. Experimental evaluation of its performance is also given.

2014

The tremendous progress in embedded systems helped in the design and implementation of complex compact equipment. This progress may help in the idea of having radar on a chip. In this paper, a design and implementation of a signal processor and display algorithm for Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (LFMCW) radar on single Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chip is proposed. The proposed algorithm is used for processing signals from radar receiver into information that can be interpreted easily. The signal processor based on calculating the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the filtered, amplified, and digitally converted base band received signal to calculate target range. The B-scope radar display is designed to give target range and azimuth information. A simple Video graphic Adaptor (VGA) is designed to connect FPGA directly to a commercial Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The proposed algorithm is cheap, simple, compact, and reliable. It can be considered as a first step to have complete radar on a chip.