Balancing the energy consumption in practical wireless networks

2018

Today, due to fundamental advances in the field of integrated circuit design, wireless communications and sensor design, wireless sensor networks are highly regarded researchers in various industries. Increased lifetime in wireless sensor networks, without having the ability to replace and recharge the batteries, the issue has become a challenge for researchers. In this regard, many algorithms and methods are provided. In some cases, the problem of increasing energy consumption in the nodes level examined, in others the problem at the network level and have provided techniques for routing and reduce consumption. In this paper routing methods to reduce energy consumption and function of each is checked and then ALO meta-heuristic algorithm role in the global clustering and network with mobile base stations to reduce energy consumption is expressed.

CiiT Networking and Communication Engineering, 2013

An ad-hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile hosts forming a temporary network without the aid of any stand-alone infrastructure or centralized administration. For efficient routing in adhoc network many routing protocols have been implemented where Routing is the process of selecting paths in a network along which to send network traffic. In these days as the energy issue becomes more important, it is required to research about the efficient resource allocation methods optimized in wireless networks. The objective of energy aware routing algorithms is to minimize the total power for routing a message from source to destination or to maximize the total number of routing tasks that a node can perform before its battery power depletes. Energy conservation is a critical issue as the lifetime of these nodes depends on the life of the system. Research has been carried out to conserve energy at various levels ie., hardware level, operating system, application level. Energy management in wireless networks is of paramount importance due to the limited energy availability in the wireless devices. Since wireless communication consumes a significant amount of energy, it is important to minimize the energy costs for communication as much as possible by practicing energy aware routing strategies .The principal focus of this survey is on how to maximize the lifetime of ad hoc wireless networks through energy-efficient routing and its various applications 1. INTRODUCTION In wireless ad-hoc networks, there are several characteristics different with wired networks. The differences are frequently changing of network topology, limited resources like bandwidth and energy and so on [1], [2].Ad hoc network is a collection of autonomous mobile devices that can communicate with each other without having any fixed infrastructure. Each node in the network can have an omni-directional antenna and communicate using wireless broadcasts with all nodes within its transmission range. Multi-hop routing protocol is needed to enable communication between nodes that are not in transmission range of each other. However, the absence of infrastructure in MANETs, the dynamic topology of these networks, the autonomous heterogeneous nodes, and the resource constraints (battery power, computational power) all contribute to make the problem of routing a tremendous challenge. The constrained resources, especially the battery power, make the routing problem a very challenging issue for MANETs. Moreover, mobile devices in an ad hoc network need to forward packets for other nodes; this extra activity consumes a significant amount of the energy of mobile devices. Therefore, it is critical to design efficient routing algorithms with the objectives of (1) minimizing the overall energy usage in routing packets and (2) maximizing the packet delivery rate. We consider the problem of energy aware routing, in which a message has to be sent efficiently

2009

Minimizing energy consumption is a critical issue for any wireless network. Existing wireless network protocols use different techniques to reduce power consumption. Much research has been conducted on MAC protocols, various issues involved have mostly been presented in isolation of each other. MAC protocol plays an important role in providing fair and efficient allocation of limited bandwidth in wireless networks. This paper presents an indepth discussion on radio energy model, energy consumption measuring and a classification of MAC protocols.

2015

Energy Efficiency depends on the time, node life time, data rate of success transmission and power saving without re transmission. The noise removed, data loss reduced, avoid multi-channel fading and normalized radio propagation model are the factors to be considered for increasing the network quality. The saving of energy could be done by clustering and cluster head via communication, or by Multi-path dynamic communication for power saving and etc. The complete throughput can be improved; the power control can also be obtained by MAC layer configurations, and correcting the packet transmission in the physical layer etc. Another approach used in reduction of the collision in packet transmission, jamming in the route, and all these are controlled by slot allocation with time scheduling of packet transmission. Though there are many methods available for energy efficiency, this paper provides a novel approach which combines scheduling, clustering, dynamic multipath election and configu...

International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 2019

For personal, mobiles and sensor communications wireless sensor networking are an emerging concept in recent years. Normally wireless sensor network (WSN) is combined and integrated data relations for modern communication in infrastructure, energy efficiency; these are the main design parameters to improve network performance with respect to mitigate communication relations. This paper describes different types of energy optimization techniques/approaches and basic routing scenarios used for efficient communication in wireless sensor networks. We also give brief description about different routing protocols to support data communication in wireless sensor networks. And also define different routing algorithms used in data communication to increase network efficiency with respect to different network parameters. In this survey, discuss about energy optimization approaches in wireless sensor networks, and also define several techniques which aim energy consumption in wireless nodes in WSNs.

2015

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a set of various wireless sensor nodes. WSN require in rural, remote area and at such place where human dealings is required. But wireless sensor network has many issues like energy consumption, security, etc. Wireless sensor network is widely used in different field like battle-field, education and organization etc. This paper review different types of protocols and methods of energy management in routing. Here comparison of few methods which are related to energy efficient routing in WSNs. This study indicates the possible research on energy saving during routing in WSNs.

1999 IEEE International Workshop on Mobile Multimedia Communications (MoMuC'99) (Cat. No.99EX384)

A key characteristic of Personal Area Networks PAN e.g., Bluetooth technology is the premium placed on reducing the power consumption of device computation and communication. In such an environment some devices may be more capable of communicating with others simply because of their power capability i.e., reserve. We propose a p ower-aware" routing protocol capable of routing packets in a PAN based on power related optimization viz. minimize and balanced and device behavior viz. greedy and social criteria. Our proposal di ers from previous work on power consumption in packet wireless networks which typically aims at reducing the overall device usage and energy consumption.

2005

A key challenge in wireless ad hoc networks is to achieve maximum lifetime for battery-powered mobile devices with dynamic energy eÆcient algorithms. Recent study in battery technology reveals that the behavior of battery discharging is more complex than we used to think. Battery powered devices might waste a huge amount of energy if we do not carefully schedule and budget their discharging. In this paper, we introduce a novel energy model for batteries and study the e ect of battery behavior on routing in wireless ad hoc networks. Based on this model, we also propose a battery-aware routing protocol. The paper consists of two parts. In Part I of the paper, we propose an on-line computable discrete time analytical model to mathematically model battery discharging behavior. The model has low computational complexity and does not require large look-up tables. It is suitable for on-line battery capacity computation in ad hoc network routing. We use the data collected from actual nickel...

2013

Wireless sensor network has been widely used in many sectors. The popularity gained due to some reasons such as installation flexibility, mobility, reducing cost and scalability. In wireless sensor network energy consumption is one of the major issues, thus making energyefficient protocol is design to overcome the energy consumption problem. In many existing protocols for energyefficient routing them forward packets through minimum energy path to the sink towards the minimum energy consumption, which cause an unbalanced distribution of residual toward all sensor node in network partitioned. This paper focused on the design energy consumption routing protocol using essential hypothetical fields like depth, energy density & residual energy. The basic goal is that an approach towards force packet to the sink through dense energy area. Also addressing routing problem and enhanced the mechanism of eliminating and detecting of loops. It is also support for data security by using data security algorithm like ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography). This paper is important towards in energy balancing, network lifetime and coverage ratio.

Recent advances in the field of electronics and wireless telecommunications have created the capability and potential for designing and manufacturing sensors which have low power consumption, small size, reasonable price and various applications. These small sensors, which based on their type, can perform different tasks such as receiving environmental information, processing it and then sending that information, have shaped an idea to create and expand networks known as wireless sensor network (WSN). A sensor network consists of a large number of sensor nodes which are widely distributed in the environment and are engaged in collecting information. The sensors have significant limitations, and one of the most important limitations is the low capacity of these sensors' battery, which makes the efficient use of the energy a vital issue. When the energy in the battery ends, the sensor, functions completely stops. This would result in the loss of a part of the network. Moreover, in most of the sensor, applications, replacing the battery is impossible either because the evaluated area is too large or because it is unsafe. Therefore, minimizing the energy consumption, by designing communication protocols and applications for these networks, is one of the most important issues. So designing a MAC Layer schedule to reduce energy consumption in wireless sensor networks which can significantly reduce power consumption but also would be compatible with IEEE 802.15.4 is an important and unavoidable challenge.