Academia.eduAcademia.edu

Outline

Title
Abstract
Design for Pro-Environmental Behavior Change
Designers' Intentions
Conclusions
References

User diversity in design for behavior change

Profile image of Cigdem ErbugCigdem Erbug

2014

Abstract

Recently, using design to change user behavior for the purpose of sustainability has gained considerable interest. One of the essential aspects of design for behavior change is to choose the right design intervention strategy for the right behaviors and for the right individuals. In this respect, consideration of different user characteristics when designing for behavior change is critical to ensure positive behavior change. This paper argues that user diversity can be addressed by grouping users with similar characteristics into different user types. It provides a framework and a methodology to create these user types based on psychological variables including global environmental attitude, attitude towards behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention and finally personality traits. It discusses how the framework and the methodology could be integrated into design process, and illustrates the process by using hypothetical user types. The aim of this illustrat...

Related papers

Target the Use Phase! Design for Sustainable Behaviour
Marianne Karlsson

One approach to further decrease the environmental impact of products is to target the use phase. According to the Design for Sustainable Behaviour approach different design strategies can be used to enable a more sustainable use of products by influencing the user's behaviour. The strategies suggested include matching products to users' current behaviours, enlightening users, spurring or steering the users towards more sustainable behaviours, and applying a force dimension to the products. Empirical studies demonstrate the feasibility of different strategies. However further knowledge is needed on which strategies to apply in which situations and for what problems.

View PDFchevron_right
Promoting sustainability through behavior change: A review
Cigdem Erbug

Design Studies, 2015

Over the last decade, the design research community has become increasingly interested in promoting more sustainable behaviors through the design of new products and services. We conducted a literature review to help advance this growing research area. The review characterizes the current state by identifying conceptual studies that proposed strategies, frameworks, toolkits, and guidelines for behavior change. It also documents empirical studies that investigate opportunities for behavior change by proposing novel artifacts that promote sustainable behaviors and evaluations of these artifacts through field studies. Our review identifies gaps including a lack of detail on how designers select target behaviors, users, and opportunities; research on topics other than electricity consumption and the domestic context; research that integrates behavior change strategies other than feedback; and longitudinal evaluations that demonstrate a lasting behavior change. Based on these gaps, we offer some priorities for future research.

View PDFchevron_right
Three Dimensions of Design for Sustainable Behaviour
Richard Bull, Daniel Shin

Sustainability, 2019

Designing products to be more sustainable is crucial if the UK is to meet the challenge of its ambitious new carbon reductions targets by 2050. How designers, manufacturers and service providers conceptualise behaviour is key to understanding how there will be widespread adoption of new products. The research area referred to as Design for Sustainable Behaviour has emerged to explore measures of reducing environmental impact through moderating the way people use products, services and systems. To date, though, characterisations of its strategies have been relatively one-dimensional, with an emphasis on environmental psychological approaches to understanding behaviour. This paper draws on a wider set of literature and academic disciplines to propose a conceptual framework that incorporates three dimensions: empowerment, information and motivation. This three-dimensional framework argues for a wider understanding of behaviour that encompasses feedback, participation and acknowledgement of the wider social and organisational context that behaviour is situated in. This framework is presented, the implications for theory and practice are explored, and a challenge is laid down to designers, academics and policymakers to consider how this framework can be applied, tested and further developed.

View PDFchevron_right
Design for Behaviour Change : Theories and Practices of Designing for Change
Kristina Niedderer

e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University), 2017

This chapter offers an introduction to mindful design and its potential to promote responsible behaviour change. While it is recognised that design changes users' behaviour, design often has inadvertent consequences which are not considered at the point of designing, and which can cause significant social, environmental or other issues later. In this chapter, it is argued that mindfulness-as an attitude of awareness and attentiveness-can be embedded in design and as such can help users to make more responsible decisions through the use of mindful design. The argument proceeds through the analysis of the concepts of mindfulness and mindful design, and is supported by a number of examples to explain the role and position of mindful design as a useful approach to designing for behaviour change.

View PDFchevron_right
Motivating Sustainable Behavior
Valentina Nisi

2008

Personal resource consumption is a major issue in sustainability. Consequently it has attracted a great deal of attention in the research community across domains including psychology, design and, more recently, HCI. Extending this body of work, this paper proposes the theoretical basis and general design of a system intended to enable users to understand the effect of their resource consumption practices and the direct influence that changes in their behavior patterns will have. The system has not yet been constructed. The design is motivated by the desire to enable users to experiment with, draw conclusions on and personally optimize their personal energy consumption. This vision is fundamentally one of citizen scientists, empowered to take responsibility for and reason about the consequences of their own actions. A further key element in this paper is to support communities of users as they develop, share and promote these sustainable conclusions and best practices, essentially aiding activists to spread their local message about this key global issue.

View PDFchevron_right
Incorporating behavioral theory in design ideation for changing sustainability behaviors
Yumeng Xie

2020

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

View PDFchevron_right
Design for Behavioural Change
Stephen Clune

This article proposes that industrial designers should engage in design for behavioural change to encourage positive actions that contribute to a sustainable society. The article contains three sections: First, it outlines why it is critical for design to explore its potential to contribute to behavioural change; second, it presents a process for guiding designers to design for behavioural change; and third, it suggests how this type of design may provide viable future vocations for designers. While the article originated from a four-year action research study in teaching Design for Sustainability (DfS), the process also applies to the broader design community.

View PDFchevron_right
‘Corrigendum to “Promoting sustainability through behavior change: A review” [Design Studies Volume 41 (Part B) (November 2015) pp. 183–204]’
Cigdem Erbug

Design Studies, 2016

View PDFchevron_right
Exploring and communicating user diversity for behavioural change
Cigdem Erbug, Aykut Coşkun

We emphasize the importance of user diversity for behavioural change. We propose a method, user orientation maps, for exploring the user diversity for behavioural change and communicating this diversity to designers. In order to assess its applicability to different behavioural change contexts, we conducted two case studies. The first study explored the diversity in users' orientations towards adapting an environmentally friendly driving style. The second study explored user diversity towards adapting the usage of a smart urinal system which allows patients learn their risk of having Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) without visiting a hospital. In this paper, we present the results of the second study and conclude that the proposed method has enough flexibility to be applied in different behavioural change contexts. We end the paper with a discussion on the potential implications of using the method in behavioural change projects.

View PDFchevron_right
Designing for Behaviour Change: Smart Phone Applications as Persuaders of Pro-Environmental Behaviours
Aykut Coşkun

METU JOURNAL OF THE FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, 2014

Redesigning an existing product to modify user behaviour can reduce its environmental impact during the use phase. However, designers can go beyond this idea by designing a new product, whose main purpose is to encourage a set of environmentally responsible behaviours, for instance, an assistant that help users in adopting a sustainable lifestyle by providing suggestions on daily activities such as driving, eating, shopping etc. In other words, besides modifying an existing behaviour, design can be used to motivate new pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs), defined as behaviours that a person performs consciously in order to minimize his or her negative impact on the environment . Such activities involve minimizing resource and energy consumption, using non-toxic substances, choosing public transportation, recycling, or being a member of an environmental organization.

View PDFchevron_right

References (44)

  1. Abrahamse, W., Steg, L., Vlek, C., & Rothengatter, T. (2005). A review of intervention studies aimed at household energy conservation. Journal of environmental psychology, 25(3), 273-291. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2005.08.002
  2. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211.
  3. Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behavior: reactions and reflections. Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113-1127. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2011.613995
  4. Bamberg, S., & Möser, G. (2007). Twenty years after Hines, Hungerford, and Tomera: A new meta-analysis of psycho-social determinants of pro-environmental behavior. Journal of environmental psychology, 27(1), 14-25.
  5. Broms, L., Bång, M., & Hjelm, S. I. (2009). Persuasive engagement: exploiting lifestyle as a driving force to promote energy-aware use patterns and behaviors. In D. Daling, C. Rust, L. Chen, P. Ashton, & K.Freidman (Eds.), Proceedings of Undisciplined! Design Research Society Conference (pp. 369/1-10). Sheffield: Sheffield Hallam University.
  6. Buchanan, R. (1985). Declaration by design: rhetoric, argument, and demonstration in design practice. Design Issues, 2(1) 4-22.
  7. Consolvo, S., McDonald, D. W., & Landay, J. A. (2009). Theory-driven design strategies for technologies that support behavior change in everyday life. In D.R. Olsen & R. B. Arthur (Eds.), Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (405-414). New York: ACM.
  8. Crilly, N. (2011). Do users know what designers are up to? Product experience and the inference of persuasive intentions. International Journal of Design, 5(3), 1-15.
  9. Diamantopoulos, A., Schlegelmilch, B. B., Sinkovics, R. R., & Bohlen, G. M. (2003). Can socio-demographics still play a role in profiling green consumers? A review of the evidence and an empirical investigation. Journal of Business Research, 56(6), 465-480.
  10. Dunlap, R., E. (2008). The new environmental paradigm scale: from marginality to worldwide use. The Journal of Environmental Education, 40(1), 3-18. doi: 10.3200/joee.40.1.3-18
  11. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2011). Predicting and changing behavior: New York: Taylor & Francis.
  12. Fogg, B. (2003). Persuasive technology: using computers to change what we think and do Boston: Morgan Kaufmann.
  13. Fogg, B. (2009). The Behavior Grid: 35 ways behavior can change. In S. Chattarjee & P. Dev (Eds.), Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Persuasive Technology(Article no.42). Claremont: ACM.
  14. Fogg, B., & Hreha, J. (2010) Behavior wizard: A method for matching target behaviors with solutions. In T Bloug, P. Hasle, & H. Oinas-Kukkonen (Eds.), Proceedings of the 5 th International Conference on Persuasive Technology (pp. 117-131). Copenhagen: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  15. Fraj, E., & Martinez, E. (2006). Influence of personality on ecological consumer behavior. Journal of Consumer Behavior, 5(3), 167-181. doi: 10.1002/cb.169
  16. Froehlich, J., Dillahunt, T., Klasnja, P., Mankoff, J., Consolvo, S., Harrison, B., & Landay, J. A. (2009). UbiGreen: investigating a mobile tool for tracking and supporting green transportation habits. In D.R. Olsen & R. B. Arthur (Eds.), Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (405-414). Boston: ACM.
  17. Gardner, G. T., & Stern, P. C. (1996). Environmental problems and human behavior. Needham Heights: Allyn & Bacon.
  18. Geller, S. (2002). The challenge of increasing pro-environmental behavior. In R. B. Bechtel & A. Churchman (Eds.), Handbook of environmental psychology (pp. 525-540). New York: Wiley.
  19. Gunter, B., & Furnham, A. (1992). Consumer profiles: an introduction to psychographics. London: Routledge.
  20. Gustafsson, A., & Gyllenswärd, M. (2005, 2-7 April 2005). The power-aware cord: energy awareness through ambient information display. In G. Veer, & C. Gale (Eds.), Proceedings of CHI '05 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1423-1426). New York: ACM.
  21. Hines, J. M., Hungerford, H. R., & Tomera, A. N. (1987). Analysis and synthesis of research on responsible environmental behavior: A meta-analysis. The Journal of Environmental Education, 18(2), 1-8.
  22. John, O. P., Naumann, L. P., & Soto, C. J. (2008). Paradigm shift to the integrative Big Five trait taxonomy. In O. P. John, R. W. Robins, & L. A. Pervin (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and Research (pp.114-158). New York: The Guilford Press Kaptein, M., Lacroix, J., & Saini, P. (2010). Individual Differences in Persuadability in the Health Promotion Domain. In T Bloug, P. Hasle, & H. Oinas-Kukkonen (Eds.), Proceedings of the 5 th International Conference on Persuasive Technology (pp. 94-105) Copenhagen: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  23. Kirman, B., Linehan, C., Lawson, S., Foster, D., & Doughty, M. (2010). There's a monster in my kitchen: using aversive feedback to motivate behavior change. In E. Mynatt, & D. Schoner (Eds.), Proceeedings of CHI '10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2685-2694). New York: ACM
  24. Kollmuss, A., & Agyeman, J. (2002). Mind the gap: why do people act environmentally and what are the barriers to pro-environmental behavior? Environmental education research, 8(3), 239-260.
  25. Lidman, K., Renström, S., & Karlsson, M. A. (2011). The Green User. Design for Sustainable Behavior. In N. Roozenburg, L. Chen, & P. J. Stappers (Eds.), Proceedings of IASDR2011, 4th World Conference on Design Research (pp.1-12). Delft: TUDelft.
  26. Lilley, D. (2009). Design for sustainable behavior: strategies and perceptions. Design Studies, 30(6), 704-720. doi: 10.1016/j.destud.2009.05.001
  27. Lockton, D., Harrison, D., & Stanton, N. A. (2010). The Design with Intent Method: A design tool for influencing user behavior. Applied Ergonomics, 41(3), 382-392.
  28. Lockton, D., Harrison, D., & Stanton, N. A. (2012). Models of the user: designers' perspectives on influencing sustainable behavior. Journal of Design Research, 10(1), 7- 27. doi: 10.1504/jdr.2012.046137
  29. Markowitz, E. M., Goldberg, L. R., Ashton, M. C., & Lee, K. (2012). Profiling the pro- environmental individual: a personality perspective. Journal of Personality, 80(1), 81-111.
  30. McCalley, L., & Midden, C. J. H. (2002). Energy conservation through product-integrated feedback: The roles of goal-setting and social orientation. Journal of Economic Psychology, 23(5), 589-603.
  31. McKenzie-Mohr, D., Nemiroff, L. S., Beers, L., & Desmarais, S. (1995). Determinants of responsible environmental behavior. Journal of social issues, 51(4), 139-156.
  32. Oinas-Kukkonen, H., & Harjumaa, M. (2009). Persuasive systems design: Key issues, process model, and system features. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 24(1), 28.
  33. Ottman, J., A. (2011). The new rules of green marketing: strategies, tools, and inspiration for sustainable branding. Sheffield: Greenleaf Publishing.
  34. Petkov, P., Köbler, F., Foth, M., & Krcmar, H. (2011). Motivating domestic energy conservation through comparative, community-based feedback in mobile and social media. In J. Kjeldskov, & J. Paay (Eds.), Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Communities and Technologies (pp. 21-30). New York: ACM.
  35. Selvefors, A., Pedersen, K. B., & Rahe, U. (2011). Design for sustainable consumption behavior: systematising the use of behavioral intervention strategies. In A. Deserti, F. Zurlo, & F. Rizzo (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2011 Conference on Designing Pleasurable Products and Interfaces (Article no. 3). New York: ACM.
  36. Stegall, N. (2006). Designing for Sustainability: A Philosophy for Ecologically Intentional Design. Design Issues, 22(2), 56-63. doi: 10.1162/desi.2006.22.2.56
  37. Stern, P. C. (2000). New environmental theories: toward a coherent theory of environmentally significant behavior. Journal of social issues, 56(3), 407-424.
  38. Tang, T., & Bhamra, T. (2008). Changing energy consumption behavior through sustainable product design. In D. Marjanovic, M. Storga, N. Pavkovic, & N. Bojcetic (Eds.), Proceedings of The 10th International Design Conference (pp. 1359-1366). Somrset: The Design Society.
  39. Tang, T., & Bhamra, T. (2012). Putting consumers first in design for sustainable behavior: a case study of reducing environmental impacts of cold appliance use. International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 1-16. doi: 10.1080/19397038.2012.685900
  40. Tromp, N., Hekkert, P., & Verbeek, P. P. (2011). Design for socially responsible behavior: a classification of influence based on intended user experience. Design Issues, 27(3), 3-
  41. Wedel, M., & Kamakura, W. A. (2000). Market segmentation: conceptual and methodological foundations (2 nd ed.). Dordrech: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  42. Wever, R., Van Kuijk, J., & Boks, C. (2008). User-centred design for sustainable behavior. International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 1(1), 9-20. doi: 10.1080/19397030802166205
  43. Wood, G., & Newborough, M. (2003). Dynamic energy-consumption indicators for domestic appliances: environment, behavior and design. Energy and Buildings, 35(8), 821-841.
  44. Zachrisson, J., & Boks, C. (2012). Exploring behavioral psychology to support design for sustainable behavior research. Journal of Design Research, 10(1), 50-66. doi: 10.1504/jdr.2012.046139

Related papers

Models of the user: designers' perspectives on influencing sustainable behaviour
David Harrison

J. of Design Research, 2012

Influencing more environmentally friendly and sustainable behaviour is a current focus of many projects, ranging from government social marketing campaigns, education and tax structures to designers' work on interactive products, services and environments. There is a wide variety of techniques and methods used, intended to work via different sets of cognitive and environmental principles. These approaches make different assumptions about 'what people are like': how users will respond to behavioural interventions, and why, and in the process reveal some of the assumptions that designers and other stakeholders, such as clients commissioning a project, make about human nature. This paper discusses three simple models of user behaviour-the pinball, the shortcut and the thoughtful-which emerge from user experience designers' statements about users while focused on designing for behaviour change. The models are characterised using systems terminology and the application of each model to design for sustainable behaviour is examined via a series of examples.

View PDFchevron_right
Making the user more efficient: Design for sustainable behaviour
Neville Stanton

International journal of …, 2008

User behaviour is a significant determinant of a product's environmental impact; while engineering advances permit increased efficiency of product operation, the user's decisions and habits ultimately have a major effect on the energy or other resources used by the product. There is thus a need to change users' behaviour. A range of design techniques developed in diverse contexts suggest opportunities for engineers, designers and other stakeholders working in the field of sustainable innovation to affect users' behaviour at the point of interaction with the product or system, in effect 'making the user more efficient'. Approaches to changing users' behaviour from a number of fields are reviewed and discussed, including: strategic design of affordances and behaviour-shaping constraints to control or affect energyor other resource-using interactions; the use of different kinds of feedback and persuasive technology techniques to encourage or guide users to reduce their environmental impact; and context-based systems which use feedback to adjust their behaviour to run at optimum efficiency and reduce the opportunity for user-affected inefficiency. Example implementations in the sustainable engineering and ecodesign field are suggested and discussed.

View PDFchevron_right
Design for sustainable behaviour
Garrath T Wilson

Routledge eBooks, 2017

The global impact of designed goods and the role designer's play in accelerating rapid, conspicuous consumption has long been recognised within the profession. As such, considerable effort has been directed towards reducing or mitigating negative environmental impacts caused by mass-manufacture and disposal through so called 'end of pipe' solutions. Less attention, however, has been placed on reducing the impact of use despite tacit acknowledgement amongst the design community that sustainable designs cannot reach their full potential without targeting user behaviour. Through increased focus on behaviour, and the implementation of suitably informative or persuasive strategies, designers can purposefully alter the way users interact with products to leverage more sustainable use patterns. This chapter provides design practitioners with an introduction to Design for Sustainable Behaviour (DfSB). This is an emergent field of design practice which seeks to understand user behaviour in order to drive the development of products which encourage more sustainable use. Integrating inspirational case study examples drawn from their own and others' practice, the authors chart the origins of DfSB and describe its theories, strategies and design processes. Tools to aid strategy selection are introduced and key ethical considerations reflected on in relation to specific design phases. The authors offer practical advice on designing, installing and evaluating design interventions based on experience and conclude with a discussion of the current limitations and potential future developments in DfSB.

View PDFchevron_right
User-centred design for sustainable behaviour
Jasper van Kuijk

International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2008

Traditional eco-design has a strong focus on the supply side. Even when focusing on the use phase of products, still impacts directly under the control of the manufacturer dominate. However, the way users interact with a product may strongly influence the environmental impact of a product. Designers can try to influence this behaviour through the products they design. Several strategies have been proposed in the literature, such as eco-feedback and scripting. Existing literature in this field has its limitations. Publications either focus on a single strategy, or do not take a design perspective, or lack empirical data. This paper will present a typology of the different strategies available to designers. This typology will be illustrated with examples and experiments related to two sustainability problems, namely littering behaviour and energy using products. Furthermore a methodology will be presented for applying these strategies. This will be demonstrated in a case study on an energy meter.

View PDFchevron_right
Sustainable Behaviour: A framework for the design of products for behaviour change
Giulia Wally Scurati, Francesco Ferrise

The increasing concern for sustainability related issues lead to the rise of new fields in design research, dedicated to limit the negative impact of the human activities on the environment and society. After addressing issues related to production , efficiency, recyclability and disassembly, designers start to recognize their responsibility in guiding users to behave in a more responsible and sustainable way. For this reason, designing products to support users' behaviour change is becoming one of the most popular trends in design research at the moment. To achieve the desired results design for behaviour change, and in particular, Design for Sustainable Behavior, exploits a variety of approaches. In this Chapter, we explore the use of Design for Sustainable Behavior techniques through a literature reviews of theories and case studies. Then, we defined a framework which describes the use of multisensory stimuli as elements to support different phases of interaction during the user experience with an interactive product. We relate this framework to previous works and then we discuss two case studies.

View PDFchevron_right

Related topics

  • Environmental Sustainability
    • 580 California St., Suite 400
    San Francisco, CA, 94104
    © 2025 Academia. All rights reserved