The essence and specificity of the state multiculturalism policy

European Quarterly of Political Attitudes and Mentalities, 2012

AbstractIn this paper the main issue of analysis is the prosperity of the multicultural model and its sustainability in course of the practice and debates. The reality showed that it is difficult to bit the nation-state and the liberal model of democracy and what are reasons for that. Also, can multicultural democracy be viable? And if not, where the multicultural model can be streamlined? Current trends show that the multicultural democracy is hard to build and sustain. The arguments of the paper are that the multicultural model is not sustainable visa- vis the nation-state and the ruling majority within society and that the ideal model of multiculturalism is usually transforming itself into an ethnic democracy. Macedonian example shows that when different cultural groups cannot commonly agree on power-sharing arrangements the model lean towards ethnic democracy.Keywords: model of multiculturalism, ethnic group, ethnic democracy, Republic of Macedonia1. IntroductionMore than a deca...

The intersections between liberal political philosophy and the theories of multiculturalism become apparent in the context of the modern states and the political organisation of their societies. While cultural diversity has been a constitutive feature of civilizations historically in and has existed alongside majoritarian regimes since ancient times, the current discourse around multiculturalism is concerned with the coexistence of different cultural groups within liberal democratic states. The meaning of culture is crucial in developing an understanding of the constitution of different groups in society while also playing an important role in formulating policies and norms for modern democracies. The current strand of multicultural theoretical scholarship emanates from within liberalism in light of the dominant group ideology becoming the state's operative paradigm. The main argument of its proponents is framed in the context of liberalism's supposed ignorance of cultural rights of minority groups and argues for group rights and group-differentiated rights as a corrective measure. The rationale behind this argument is premised on a belief that cultural groups ought to maintain their distinctive identities and need not give them up in order to assimilate in the dominant cultural groups' norms and practices.

Journal of Contemporary European Studies

Journal of Politics and Law, 2012

In this research I will introduce the issues of multiculturalism from a European perspective, more precisely from the view of the leaders of European Union and from the legal provisions related to this topic. What started once whit a lot of enthusiasm, ended with extremely disappointing declarations of top European leaders about multiculturalism. It seems that European leaders do not understand the importance of sustainable policies in this sensitive field of multiculturalism. At the end, what is European Union? A sum of cultures, living together for hundreds of years. But, after last waves of expansion of European Union the citizens had to live together with other cultures. And maybe they are not used to live in the proximity of a different culture. So, the issue of multiculturalism is vital for the existence of the whole European Union. There are countries in which several cultures co-exist, being more or less accepted or tolerated by the whole community. The minority cultures are in different stages of acceptance or tolerances with each other or with the dominant culture.

This paper strives to discuss multiculturalism which often resulted from the concentration of people of different cultures initiated by geo-political actions of the people or colonialism and it is common in nations and continents. The paper stressed the process through which multiculturalism enriches cultural enterprises for national development as well as took a swirl on each constituent of culture and its economic embodiment that swells national development. It x-rayed the collective strength of multiculturalism and the bountiful enterprises bequeathed on the people of any nation that is multiculturalised. It further substantiated the need for nations to take advantage of enterprise potentials of multiculturalism for national development. It posit that, rather than mirror multiculturalism as differences and allow it inform negative political views, its enterprise advantages should be exploited. This is because it is capable of creating employment as well as enhances choices of cultural products and services. It further held that multiculturally influenced enterprises culminate into multi-economic values for a nation. Therefore, it suggested the exploitation of multicultural enterprises benefits which enriches national development. The paper concluded that the benefits of multiculturalism should be of utmost consideration rather than the differences within the component cultures. It however, insisted on the political management of multiculturalism through a cultural policy mechanism that provides for equality to avoid violence which often stems from violation of cultural rights. It added that multiculturalism goes with multicultural alternatives in resolving cultural conflicts in the event of mutual coexistence.

2021

The paper presents a fair perspective on most the feelings encompassing multiculturalism. Multiculturalism requires correspondence and its central importance is to incorporate others. Its point is the nonattendance of inclination and looking for just equivalent status among racial and ethnic gatherings. All the more halfway, my motivation of this article is to dissect the hypothesis of multiculturalism and to put the best meaning of it other than alluding to the difficulties face multicultural society. In multicultural society individuals appreciate equivalent regard, nobility, and personality because of the equivalent social arrangement of their general public. I'm insinuating the possibility of equity and having a place. Since in any coordinated society, having a place helps individuals of various ethnic foundation to be treated as regarded, dependable, and to be shielded from rejection. In the light of these contemplations, multiculturalism implies the incorporation of social minorities into the host social orders. Multiculturalism implies shared estimations of the general public all in all and enthusiasm for its variety including strict social, and way of life foundation. It alludes to rise to a promising circumstance and antiracist society. Multiculturalism turns into a significant develop for the 21th century. It permits social orders and people groups to be brought together through an enthusiasm for their social contrasts and semantic foundation. The primary benefits of the multicultural society are value, social equity and opportunity. All the people groups everywhere on the world try to accomplish these benefits inside their social orders.

Political Theory Vol. 46/1: 81-91., 2018

Alan Patten and I both defend a liberal egalitarian form of multiculturalism, and so we share a number of premises. As multiculturalists, we share a belief that individuals have legitimate interests in their culture, language, and identity and that public institutions must fairly take those interests into account. As liberal egalitarians, we share a belief that when specifying those interests, and fairly taking them into account, we must do so in a way that respects individual autonomy and responsibility. Individuals must be free to form and revise their conception of the good, and are responsible for those choices. This in turn means that liberal multiculturalism rests on a moral division of labour. The state is responsible for ensuring fair background conditions, including institutional conditions relating to the public recognition of language and culture, but individuals are free to make choices from that background, and are responsible for considering the prospective costs and benefits of their choices. Liberal multiculturalism is, therefore, focused on the provision of fair opportunities to freely pursue culture-related interests rather than the imposition of duties to maintain any particular identity or way of life.

The concept of national identity has been conceived and used in different ways and for different purposes, especially within the context of a multicultural state. In the first instance, its primordialist interpretation, which sees national identity in terms of 'blood relation' can be used by politicians and technocrats to subvert the unity that is paramount to a multicultural state. On the other hand, the social constructivist view, which sees the concept as an 'artificial contrivance' can be used by a vicious leadership as a weapon of repression against dissenting voices. In this paper, we shall argue for a middle ground between the primordialist and social constructivist conceptions of identity. This middle ground position suggests that national identity is a dynamic and transformative concept and in the hand of a visionary and committed leadership, national identity is a tool for establishing unity, cooperation, solidarity and development in the multicultural state.

Multiculturalism has been a controversial issue for years. Numerous scholars have discussed on it, examined societies with different cultural communities, and come up with two main different arguments. One of such arguments alleges that the idea of multiculturalism is a threat for countries, especially the countries that follow liberal aspect, thus it is not desirable. The other argument alleges that multicultural accommodation has merits to establish harmony especially for countries with different communities, separated cultures so on. In this paper, we aim to discuss briefly the idea of multiculturalism. After clarifying what multicultural accommodation is, we invoke Kymlicka's, one of the dominant multiculturalism theorists and advocates, thoughts, and then we appeal the arguments against them. While doing this, Brian Barry's, a political philosopher who was one of the solid opponents of multiculturalism, is our main objector. We focus mainly on the egalitarian critics of multiculturalism on the one hand; and try to reveal some problems for cultural rights on the other. The cases, also the problems, in the paper is taken from western countries but they all have merit to understand all multicultural conflicts and their remedies. Therefore, what we hope is to give possible perspectives for Turkey that has begun to face the difficulties of multiculturalism because of millions of refuges.

Multiculturalism ensures that all citizens can keep their identities, can take pride in their ancestry and have a sense of belonging. Multiculturalism is a social doctrine that distinguishes itself as a positive alternative for policies of assimilation, connoting a politics of recognition of the citizenship rights and cultural identities of ethnic minority groups and an affirmation of the value of cultural diversity. The extent of culture maintenance by ethnic minority groups and their adaptation to majority group culture are two issues central to everyday thinking about multiculturalism. Much of the recent debate about multiculturalism and minority rights in western political theory has conceptualized the issues in terms of two alternatives -states could either adopt procedural liberalism and equal rights or a politics of difference. In every society the state plays a vital role in fostering a sense of justice and common belonging.