Computer Science

The Robotic Remote Laboratory (RRL) controls the Robot labs via the Internet and applies the Robot experiment in easy and advanced way. If we want to enhance the RRL system, we must study requirements of the Robot experiment deeply. One of key requirements of the Robot experiment is the Control algorithm, which includes all important activities to affect the Robot; one of them relates the path or obstacle. Our goal is to produce a new design of the RRL that includes a new treatment to the Control algorithm which depends on isolating one of the Control algorithm's activities that relates the paths in a separated algorithm, i.e., design the (Path planning algorithm) is independent of the original Control algorithm. This aim can be achieved by depending on the light to produce the Light obstacle. To apply the Light obstacle, we need to hardware (Light control server and Light arms) and software (path planning algorithm).The NXT 2.0 Robot will sense the Light obstacle depending on its Light sensor. The new design has two servers: one for the path (Light control server) and other for the other activities of the Control algorithm (Robot control server).The website of the new design includes three main parts (Lab Reservation, Open Lab, Download Simulation).We proposed a set of scenarios for organizing the reservation of the Remote Lab. Additionally, we developed an appropriate software to simulate the Robot and to practice it before using the Remote lab.

Global university rankings have cemented the notion of a world university market arranged in a single "league table" for comparative purposes and have given a powerful impetus to intranational and international competitive pressures in the sector. The studies on evaluation of academic productivity and quality and web presence have led to development of new academic fields such as Bibliometrics, Scientometrics, Informetrics and Webometrics. During the last thirty years, as an outcome of these new emerging academic fields, several university ranking systems have been developed both at national and global level. Although these university ranking systems have attracted attention; they have been criticized due to a number of issues such as inappropriateness of indicators chosen, scoring procedure adopted, weighting, etc. In this study, a combined academic and web performance evaluation and global ranking system has been developed and implemented using data mining. The new global system which processes about more than 5,000 world universities is based on data from non-subjective, reliable and universally accepted online sources. The scoring procedure includes statistical analysis and data has been collected via a tool developed for this purpose to eliminate human errors.

E-library system makes the work of a person who is in charge of the library more convenient to search, arrange and make an inventory of the contents of the library. In this paper, a search system for an E-Library for the academic organizations was introduced such as universities, researches centers. This system has some methods of searches and it is convenient for the researchers to find their required information. The data base contains two categories, Books and Theses. The administrator of the E-Library can add, update, and delete any information in the database easily. We developed an E-Library Search System using PHP, MYSQL and APACHE with WAMP server.

The rapid increase in the era of the technological revolution and the Internet, especially the social media, have created a new reality in the daily life of the societies in general and of the university students in particular, so this new reality without any doubt imposes on us the general effects of this increasing use of social media has affected all areas and societies The effects are positive and negative. These social means have become a vast space for exchanging ideas, making new friends, proposals, sources of information, business and e-shopping. In this study, we have decided to shed light on the academic, political and economic effects of the study by comparing them to the general effects of social media by looking at the demographic variables of Iraqi university students. Three universities (Kerbela University in the Middle Euphrates, UOITC University in the capital Baghdad and Tikrit University in western Iraq) where we considered spatial, cultural and social differences. Data collected through a survey consisting of four categories, General Influences, Academic Influences, Political Influences and Influences Business (distributed over 40 questions) We tried to cover most of the students' common uses of social media and their impact on them. The questionnaire was distributed through 100 questionnaires to each university. The total number of participants was (201) distributed on (77) participants from Karbala University, (50) participants from Tikrit University and (74) participants from the

Many peoples use Facebook to connect and share their views on various issues, with the majority of user-generated content consisting of textual information. Since there is so much actual data from people who are posting messages on their situation in real time thoughts on a range of subjects in everyday life, the collection and analysis of these data, which may well be helpful for political decision or public opinion monitoring, is a worthwhile research project. Therefore, in this paper doing to analyze for public text post on Facebook stream in real time through environment Hadoop ecosystem by using apache spark with NLTK python. The post or feeds are gathered form the Facebook API in real time the data stored database used Apache spark to quick query processing the text partitions in each data nodes (machine). Also used Amazon cloud based Hadoop cluster ecosystem into processing of huge data and eliminate on-site hardware, IT support, and other operational difficulties and install...

    The last two decades have seen a marked increase in the illegal activities on the Dark Web. Prompt evolvement and use of sophisticated protocols make it difficult for security agencies to identify and investigate these activities by conventional methods. Moreover, tracing criminals and terrorists poses a great challenge keeping in mind that cybercrimes are no less serious than real life crimes. At the same time, computer security societies and law enforcement pay a great deal of attention on detecting and monitoring illegal sites on the Dark Web. Retrieval of relevant information is not an easy task because of vastness and ever-changing nature of the Dark Web; as a result, web crawlers play a vital role in achieving this task. Thereafter, data mining techniques are applied to extract useful patterns that would help security agencies to limit and get rid of cybercrimes. The aim of this paper is to present a survey for those researchers who are interested in this topic. We started...

The written words are very vital matter in Arabians and Islamic, and so beautifying it and production it into an art form served as an approach to tribute, Allah. These words were compiled into the Qur'an or holy book of Islam. The aim of this project is to imitate of fourth caliph Ali's handwriting digitally by using Microsoft Visual OpenType Layout Tool(MS-VOLT) that provides effective graphical user interface to add many features such as glyphs of(isolated and connected letters, dots, diacritics, ligatures letters .etc. The most difficult of imitation steps is finding the suitable shape of particular Arabic letter (that mean the glyph) because there is multiple shapes of the letter in the original copy of the Qur'an, especially that the Arabic letters often take multiple forms, depending where the letter falls in the word. The imitated font(which called " Alkarrar") have a new style and new features(dots and was tested and evaluated by expert calligraphers to be ready to use in text editors software. This paper was contributed to heritage and history preservation of the fourth caliph of Muslims (Ali Bin Abi Taleb).

The Kufic font takes its name from the location in which the font was created around the end of the seventh century, Kufa, Iraq. Kufic was the principal script used to replicate the Qur'ans until approximately the eleventh century. Depending upon where a character is located in a word, the character may be represented differently. Given this location-specific representation, the Arabic characters uses in script are expanded to 116 shapes. A character can have an isolated shape, a joined shape, a left joined shape and a right joined shape. The goal of this study is to convert Arabic script to a two-dimensional shape in Kufic calligraphy style that has regular geometric components (lines, circles, curves, arcs, etc.) by using a grid board catalog. The converting process represents a method of learning electronically as well as production for all Arabic alphabets in aesthetic shapes. The proposed grid board produces all possible shapes of any letter in Arabic alphabets. Some alphabets are shared by sub shapes and are overlapped in the grid board in order to visualize them as groups of similar characters. The position of a letter in the grid board, the letter dimension itself (width and height) and the position of letters in Arabic words were required to convert the characters. The results showed that the proposed grid is a powerful and influential tool that can be used to learn the Kufic font style with a simple, easy and effective method when contrasted to the classical method.

A writing system as a set of visible used to represent units of language in a systematic way. Egyptian hieroglyphs were a formal writing system used by the ancient Egyptians that combined logographic and alphabetic elements. In serious music textbook editor programs there is a trouble in writing documents which include Egyptian hieroglyph symbols which take more than two bytes, because there is no way to embed these symbolization in a particular document. In this paper, a special text editor designed for ancient Egyptian hieroglyph writing system which power comprehension the Egyptian hieroglyph symbols using Unicode standard, and the basic operations of a classical text editor such as operations of file manipulation (load and save), select font size, type, and color, the operations of copy, paste, cut, select all, etc. as well as print the final document. Besides this, hieroglyphic numbers were represented in this editor. More facilities, flexibility, simplicity and benefits can be gotten using these editors especially for historic research worker which they interested authors in the ancient civilization. This editor designed in Visual Basic.Net.

A graph is a collection of vertices or nodes, pairs of which are joined by lines or edges, can be used not only to represent physical relationships, but also to represent logical, biological, and arithmetic relationships. The attributes that define a good graph are called aesthetics. The problem of good graph drawing is the conflict of some aesthetics with one another. In this paper, Evolutionary Algorithm used with fuzzy fitness function to reduce the conflict and drawing Good Graph that it will convey the most meaning. Two types of crossover and two type of mutation are used, the chromosome represented as graph with N nodes, where N is the chromosome length ,and node is a gene in any chromosome. Good result can be obtained when Fuzzy set is used to compute fitness function .

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a standout research amongst the most imperative ones in information extraction. Furthermore, it is a sub step in many text processing applications. This study uses rule based method for matching Allah's finest names in specific domain (Holy Qur'an), the proposed system constructs a collection of rules by regular expressions. The proposed rules match all Allah's finest names in Holy Qur'an. Many features were considered in this study including: orthographic, N-grams and affixes. The proposed system solves the problem of appearance Allah's finest names in Holy Qur'an as a substring in another words as well as considers the diacritics (Al-Tashkeel) in Arabic words. Similarity coefficient of names was calculated to reduce the complexity of rules base. The results showed that a rule based by regular expression is an effective, powerful and efficient technique in matching the target names with little collection of rules. This project is a valuable statistical tool that can be right applied to get statistical information about Allah's finest names

The Kufic font takes its name from the location in which the font was created around the end of the seventh century, Kufa, Iraq.  Kufic was the principal script used to replicate the Qur’ans until approximately the eleventh century. Depending upon where a character is located in a word, the character may be represented differently.  Given this location-specific representation, the Arabic characters uses in script are expanded to 116 shapes.  A character can have an isolated shape, a joined shape, a left joined shape and a right joined shape. The goal of this study is to convert Arabic script to a two-dimensional shape in Kufic calligraphy style that has regular geometric components (lines, circles, curves, arcs, etc.) by using a grid board catalog. The converting process represents a method of learning electronically as well as production for all Arabic alphabets in aesthetic shapes. The proposed grid board produces all possible shapes of any letter in Arabic alphabets.  Some alphab...

A writing system as a set of visible used to represent units of language in a systematic way. Egyptian hieroglyphs were a formal writing system used by the ancient Egyptians that combined logographic and alphabetic elements. In serious music textbook editor programs there is a trouble in writing documents which include Egyptian hieroglyph symbols which take more than two bytes, because there is no way to embed these symbolization in a particular document. In this paper, a special text editor designed for ancient Egyptian hieroglyph writing system which power comprehension the Egyptian hieroglyph symbols using Unicode standard, and the basic operations of a classical text editor such as operations of file manipulation (load and save), select font size, type, and color, the operations of copy, paste, cut, select all, etc. as well as print the final document. Besides this, hieroglyphic numbers were represented in this editor. More facilities, flexibility, simplicity and benefits can be...

With the rapid development of Internet, safe covert communications in the network environment become an essential research direction. Steganography is a significant means that secret information is embedded into cover data imperceptibly for transmission, so that information cannot be easily aware by others. Text Steganography is low in redundancy and related to natural language rules these lead to limit manipulation of text, so they are both great challenges to conceal message in text properly and to detect such concealment. This study proposes a novel text steganography method which takes into account the Font Types. This new method depends on the Similarity of English Font Types; we called it (SEFT) technique. It works by replace font by more similar fonts. The secret message was encoded and embedded as similar fonts in capital Letters of cover document. Proposed text steganography method can works in different cover documents of different font types. The size of cover and stego d...