Unfpa

International IDEA was established in 15-the same year as the world's governments recognized that, despite the widespread transition to democracy taking place in many regions, 'the popular participation of women in key decision-making as full and equal partners with men, particularly in politics, has not yet been achieved'. 1 From its very inception, IDEA believed that women's political participation was, and remains, central to democratic governance. IDEA also recognizes that if the world's established and emerging democracies are to be truly democratic, half of the world's population cannot be excluded from either representation or participation. To that end, IDEA's Women in Politics programme seeks to collate different methods and models for enhancing women's political participation. By bridging the divide between the academics and practitioners, IDEA aims to provide relevant policy options and data to those working to find practicable solutions to the underrepresentation of women. While taking into account a global perspective, it tries to ensure that the materials generated also reflect an awareness of and comparisons between the different national, regional and local contexts. This Handbook, Women in Parliament: Beyond Numbers, together with a whole series of handbooks that IDEA's Women in Politics programme has produced since 1, is a testament not only to this philosophy, but also to its persuasiveness among the multitude of people working to achieve similar goals globally, as attested by the need for this second Englishlanguage edition. This publication brings to six the total number of handbooks in the series. 2. A Decade On: Incremental Progress the World Over Ten years on since IDEA's founding in 15, and seven years since the original Women in Parliament: Beyond Numbers Handbook was published in 1, the picture regarding women's political participation has slowly changed. Overall the past decade has seen modest progress with regard to women's presence in national parliaments. 3.2. Target Audiences This Handbook brings together a variety of authors, and draws on the shared experience of women as well as men working as researchers, politicians and activists at the local, regional and global levels. The Handbook is targeted to a wide range of actors working to promote the participation and representation of women in political structures. This includes first and foremost women members of parliament and those campaigning for elected office. Also targeted are members of civil society, including activists, academics, researchers, journalists, and other stakeholders working to advance women in politics. Ecuador: Unfinished Business. The Political Participation of Indigenous Women Case Study: Ecuador * Israel did not exist, and the Federal Republic of Germany did not hold elections in 145. They are therefore not included in the 145 numbers. They are included for all years following 145. ** Greece, Portugal and Spain became democratic in the 10s and are therefore only included in the calculations from 10.

The European Institute of the Mediterranean (IEMed) is a think tank for the identification and interpretation of the challenges in the Euro-Mediterranean area and for the preparation of proposals to confront them. It offers spaces for reflection and debate as well as advice and assistance to cultural and cooperation projects in the Mediterranean. Moreover, it promotes the participation of civil society in the Euro-Mediterranean space through several networks and in collaboration with entities from the social, economic and cultural worlds. The European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS) was created in January 2002 as a Paris-based autonomous agency of the European Union. Following an EU Council Joint Action of 20th July 2001, modified by the Joint Action of 21st December 2006, it is now an integral part of the new structures that will support the further development of the CFSP/ESDP. The Institute's core mission is to provide analyses and recommendations that can be of use and relevance to the formulation of EU policies. In carrying out that mission, it also acts as an interface between experts and decision-makers at all levels.

Women's, Children's, and adolesCents' health 36 BmJ 351:suppl1 | the bmj Ensuring multisectoral action on the determinants of reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health in the post-2015 era Kumanan Rasanathan and colleagues explain how integrating action on determinants of women' s, children' s, and adolescents' health beyond the health sector into core health strategies is crucial to achieving sustainable development goal targets to end preventable deaths and ensure healthy lives D espite impressive improvements since the launch of the millennium development goals (MDGs), many countries will not reach the targets on maternal and child mortality, partly because of the lack of attention to determinants of health (box 1) beyond the health sector. For example, the 2010-15 Global Strategy for Women's and Children's Health, launched by the United Nations secretary general to accelerate progress on MDGs 4-6, 1 failed to consider determinants of health or interventions beyond the health sector. The maturation of the goals this year provides an opportunity to reflect on how coordinated multisectoral action could achieve more ambitious targets for women and children's health, such as ending preventable maternal, newborn, and child deaths in all countries. The finalisation of the 2016-30 sustainable development goals (SDGs; which urge a more integrated and transformative view of development) and the upcoming launch of the 2016-30 Global Strategy for Women's, Children's and Adolescents' Health (Every Woman Every Child 2.0; EWEC 2.0) also make it timely to consider how multisectoral action can be facilitated in countries, including in updating and developing new national strategies for reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (RMNCAH). Here we review evidence on the contribution of action on determinants, discuss major obstacles, and propose key steps for global and national strategies to provide guidance.

The European Institute of the Mediterranean (IEMed) is a think tank for the identification and interpretation of the challenges in the Euro-Mediterranean area and for the preparation of proposals to confront them. It offers spaces for reflection and debate as well as advice and assistance to cultural and cooperation projects in the Mediterranean. Moreover, it promotes the participation of civil society in the Euro-Mediterranean space through several networks and in collaboration with entities from the social, economic and cultural worlds. The European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS) was created in January 2002 as a Paris-based autonomous agency of the European Union. Following an EU Council Joint Action of 20th July 2001, modified by the Joint Action of 21st December 2006, it is now an integral part of the new structures that will support the further development of the CFSP/ESDP. The Institute's core mission is to provide analyses and recommendations that can be of use and relevance to the formulation of EU policies. In carrying out that mission, it also acts as an interface between experts and decision-makers at all levels.

Religious entities play significant roles in the current forced migration crisis. These roles include innovative and experience based ideas to address flawed aspects of the humanitarian system, overall advocacy on behalf of refugees and migrants based on humanitarian and spiritual principles, direct action in refugee camps and communities, action in communities that refugees and migrants flee, and support for refugee integration in host countries, including explicit efforts to promote social cohesion and address trauma. Further, assumptions about religion and the religious identity of refugees and migrants play an influential role in societal and policy debates surrounding the crisis, particularly in relation to security and violent extremism. Broadly, however, religious factors and contributions are poorly understood and insufficiently taken into account by policy makers and in think tank analyses of these (among other) issues. In each area of measures to increase religious engagem...

is a think tank for the identification and interpretation of the challenges in the Euro-Mediterranean area and for the preparation of proposals to confront them. It offers spaces for reflection and debate as well as advice and assistance to cultural and cooperation projects in the Mediterranean. Moreover, it promotes the participation of civil society in the Euro-Mediterranean space through several networks and in collaboration with entities from the social, economic and cultural worlds. The European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS) was created in January 2002 as a Paris-based autonomous agency of the European Union. Following

provided overall coordination and supervision of this review of the UNFPA contribution to progress on Beijing commitments to mark the fifteenth anniversary of the Fourth World Conference on Women. The report was prepared by Bonnie L. Shepard, with the support and assistance of UNFPA staff.

is a think tank for the identification and interpretation of the challenges in the Euro-Mediterranean area and for the preparation of proposals to confront them. It offers spaces for reflection and debate as well as advice and assistance to cultural and cooperation projects in the Mediterranean. Moreover, it promotes the participation of civil society in the Euro-Mediterranean space through several networks and in collaboration with entities from the social, economic and cultural worlds. The European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS) was created in January 2002 as a Paris-based autonomous agency of the European Union. Following

provided overall coordination and supervision of this review of the UNFPA contribution to progress on Beijing commitments to mark the fifteenth anniversary of the Fourth World Conference on Women. The report was prepared by Bonnie L. Shepard, with the support and assistance of UNFPA staff.

Three things are necessary for the salvation of man; to know what he ought to believe, to know what he ought to desire, and to know what he ought to do.-St. Thomas Aquinas Man is made by his belief as he believes, so he is.-Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Open Access.