Ejército, conflicto social y orden interno en la Argentina de comienzos del siglo XX
Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar, Dec 14, 2020
This research is intended to explore the relationship between the Army and homeland security from... more This research is intended to explore the relationship between the Army and homeland security from the perspective of military representations of social and labor conflicts during the 1920’s in Argentina. It does so by analyzing the magazine issues published by the Círculo Militar, which were addressed to vari-ous sectors of the Argentinian Army. The purpose of doing so is, firstly, to shed light onto little-known periods of the Argentinian military history – on which the existing studies, for the most part, focus mostly on the 1930’s onward, when the Armed Forces seized the Argentinian political system with praetorian authority–. The 1920’s have been particularly understudied, almost exclusively with a focus on corporate tensions under the presidency of Hipólito Yrigoyen, a member of the UCR Party. Secondly, it is aimed to further contribute to the broader debate on the relationship between the Argentinian Army and military interventions in domestic conflicts considered a threat to social order. This topic has been profuse-ly addressed in connection with the military appropriation of the “Homeland Security doctrine” and the construction of internal enemies since the second half of the twentieth century under the influence of the Cold War and local conflicts around Peronism. Certain data will, however, be presented in order to revisit the-se periodizations. The present work is thus meant toexamine the magazine issues from Revista Mil-itar, Revista del Suboficial and El Soldado Argentino, published by the Círculo Militar between 1919 and 1930. The representations of social unrest -which gen-erally involved the working class and the immigrants- and the Army’s role will be examined. The analysis will show a heated nationalism at the service of an anti-communist and anti-anarchist trend, according to which social conflicts were merely a threat to domestic order and, as such, to national order. Faced with in-creasing social "disorder", the Army -and, by extension, the Armed Forces- pre-sented itself as the guardian of social order and the backbone of national defense. This legitimized military disciplinary interventions when it came to domestic RUHM Vol. 9, Nº 19 (2020), pp. 208 – 230 © ISSN: 2254-6111
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