Institute Development Study

Attention to heritage area and old texture is very usual in Iran. Since last two decades, revitalization and renovation of historic cores has begun partly in some of the traditional Iranian cities. Historic centre of Isfahan is among the most important cases in central part of Iran. The aim of the conservation of heritage areas in this city is to revive the past image, restoring the ancient parts which still survive, and to adapt the traditional fabric to use in modern life. In this paper, we try to find the relationship between population trends, employment structure, marital status and size of the housing units in the 1st and 3rd municipality district in historic center of the Isfahan city. The result of this present study shows principles which are considered uneven in distribution of population in heritage textures of Isfahan.

Key words: Heritage textures, municipality district, historic center, demographic comparative, population
density.

The main objectives of this study are to identify the land use pattern of historic urban core in frame work of traditional Islamic culture and find out the significance conservation of heritage areas surrounding the main city core. The methodology of this study was based on SWOT analyzes, for assessment of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of a city forms, for preparation of plan for conservation of heritage area in Islamic traditional urban core. The result of this study investigated existing limitations and strength. Main findings lead to a conclusion that the traditional frame of historic urban core is stronger than the new elements of city and without consideration to structure of traditional Iranian city, development plan is impossible.

Keywords: Land use, Urban pattern, SWOT analyze, Iranian city, Conservation, Morphology

Bazaar is a traditional public space in the Iranian cities, and always a great section of commercial activities in urban life. Bazaar is not only the commercial centre of traditional cities in Iran but also the centre of social, cultural, political and religious activities. Sustainability of bazaar in Iranian traditional cities seeks to find solutions concerning the effects of city development on cultural heritage and urban element of the city. The main aim of this study is to explain the differences of the social and economical and environmental role of the bazaar in the historical Iranian cities. The case studies are the city of Isfahan and Tabriz in the center and North West of Iran. The main approach of this study is based on qualitative and quantitative data as well as qualitative observations of bodies in charge of urban elements of the Iranian traditional cities in four categories of 1- Mosque (Friday and daily), 2- Citadel, 3-Residential Quarters, 4- Bazaar, and quantitative value for compare bazaar sustainability in Isfahan and Tabriz which including socio-economic-environment aspect within the framework of the Iranian traditional cities.

Keywords: Traditional Cities, Sustainability, Bazaar, Morphology, Iranian Cities.

Abstract: at the case of protecting heritage, urban spirit assessment and its value should be considered. In the case of historic cities, this assessment is more complex, because these areas are dynamic and evolving over time. This paper has shown existing problem that most of them have focused mainly on the physical characteristics of urban conservation and heritage protection in the context of urban development in Isfahan city. Such as Climate and environment, Historic cities structure, Formation of urban spaces and other factors. It describes the evolution of a conservation program for the historic centre of Isfahan city and provides an overview of urban conservation diagram and practices in numeric format. Finally, conclusions are drawn about the link between conservation and urban spirit.
[Ali Assari, Erfan Assari. Urban spirit and heritage conservation problems: case study Isfahan city in Iran. Journal of American Science 2012; 8(1):203-209]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience.org. 30

It is clearly known that support and participation of public and social groups is essential to the achievement of sustainable development in historical city. In this case, public participation and heritage awareness facing the historical cities and analyzing them is of the first useful step. In this research article we try to find out the parameters that affect sustainable development in heritage area and relationship among them (in public point of view). We also ranked these parameters. TOPSIS was demonstrated as a model for selection and ranking of strategic plans in Balanced Scorecard and Goal Programming model. The results of this study revealed that the social side of sustainable development has more weightage compared to economic and environment aspect. Parking space and traffic, historical environment in new design, air and sound pollution are the three most important indicators.

Urban Population changing is one of most important issue at present time as the population change results the change in land use, socioeconomic profile of an area. The present paper has intended to analyze ward wise population changing in Shiraz City which has shown a  very dynamic nature in different period. The paper has also analyzed the population growth and flow of migration within the wards of the city. The data have shown that there is outmigration on large scale from ward No. 2, 3 and 8 to ward No of 4, 6 and 7. Historical Center  Ward No 8 has shown the population growth of -19.77 from 1986 to 2012

Isfahan Nesf-E-Jahan: (Isfahan is half the world), goes a Persian saying-a cry of wonder, which sums up the emotion experienced by travelers to the Isfahan city (Golombek, 1974). The structure of book in designed to
prepare a plan for conservation of heritage areas of Isfahan city, by studying the past and present records, this book addresses Isfahan urban conservation, for the immediate future and try to identify the land use pattern of historic urban core in frame work of traditional Islamic culture and find out the significance conservation of heritage areas surrounding the main city core and also concerned with urban heritage, particularly historical sites and monuments and their significance for conservation.

The urbanization trends in Iran during last decades had been accelerated by high rate of rural-urban migration along with rapid socioeconomic and political changes that formed unbalanced urban growth in Iran. The paper investigates the impact of growth of population and distribution of urban population in Iran from 1956 first census of Iran to 2006 and discuss about the major cities like Isfahan Shiraz Tehran Mashhad and Tabriz to observe the unbalance population. In 1996, the population size was 19 million that 6 million (31 per cent) distributed in 199 urban settlements. Since 1956, the proportion of urban population increased gradually. The proportion of urban population increased to 68.5 per cent in 2006 living in 1012 urban settlement. Population has increased rapidly and also there was an increase in the number of cities, but the main part of the population is concentrated in few largest cities.

There is widespread urban growth in a new concept with sustainable development in each society; it includes type of housing, mix land use, socio-cultural support and public transit access. This study firstly focuses on analyzing the land use pattern, transportation and cultural accessibility as well as investigating their relationship of smart growth in municipalities' districts of Isfahan city. Secondly, it develops a framework of historical Iranian cities which aims to evaluate the use of smart growth principles in traditional Islamic culture. The study made use of descriptive-analytic by using secondary data and urban development plan documents. The research population includes 14 regions of Isfahan which is based on political divisions in 2012. The research indicators can be divided into ten groups of social-economic-environment which aims to investigate smart growth principles in Isfahan city. The study used Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution method (TOPSIS) to identify the most strategic elements of smart growth in Isfahan municipality districts, which are consider to minimize low density sprawl.

Urban Population changing is one of most important issue at present time as the population change results the change in land use, socio-economic profile of an area. The present paper has intended to analyze ward wise population changing in ShirazCity which has shown a very dynamic nature in different period. The paper has also analyzed the population growth and flow of migration within the wards of the city. The data have shown that there is outmigration on large scale from ward No. 2, 3 and 8 to ward No of 4, 6 and 7. Historical Center Ward No 8 has shown the population growth of -19.77 from 1986 to 2012.

Bazaar is a traditional public space in the Iranian cities, and always a great section of commercial activities in urban life. Bazaar is not only the commercial centre of traditional cities in Iran but also the centre of social, cultural, political and religious activities. Sustainability of bazaar in Iranian traditional cities seeks to find solutions concerning the effects of city development on cultural heritage and urban element of the city. The main aim of this study is to explain the differences of the social and economical and environmental role of the bazaar in the historical Iranian cities. The case studies are the city of Isfahan and Tabriz in the center and North West of Iran. The main approach of this study is based on qualitative and quantitative data as well as qualitative observations of bodies in charge of urban elements of the Iranian traditional cities in four categories of 1-Mosque (Friday and daily), 2-Citadel, 3-Residential Quarters, 4-Bazaar, and quantitative value for compare bazaar sustainability in Isfahan and Tabriz which including socioeconomic environment aspect within the framework of the Iranian traditional cities.

Rapid growth of cities has posed a threat to their Central Business District (CBD). This is evident form the growing eagerness of the people to seek accommodation in sub-urban areas. The interaction within the city limits has been studied by a number of scholar. It is very interesting to study the characters of CBD of any city. An attempt has been to analyze the changes in the Central Business District of Bangalore city from 1971-2001. Based on the data it is found that the land use pattern of CBD has shows a tilt towards commercial use which cover a greater portion of the CBD, and this is expected to increase in the next few years if the similar trend continues. The article also reviews the changes in its land use, demography, land value, socio-economic profile and future threats have been analyzed. Introduction Central Business District (CBD) is the hub of business and civic life and it exhibits certain distinct physical and human features, which distinguishes it from surrounding ...

Rapid urbanization is bringing in its wake the urbanization of poverty, as well as pressure on urban land and resources, unchecked, and sometimes unplanned economic development. It remains combined with incoherent policy, a fragmented institutional frame work, lack of political will, and limited capacities of implementing organizations, often results in the neglect and destruction of historic districts within cities. This has been seen both in the developed and the developing world. Developing countries like Iran face to the concept of blighted areas recently due to early stages of economic development. Urban blight it not just a cause but also it is caused of socio-economic changes and improper management too. Renewal our cities is the penalty for neglect. It causes new phenomena such as urbanization, migration and dualism. During the last two decades Iran's population has increased from 49.4 million in 1986 to 70.4 million in 2006. Urbanization has also grown very rapidly duri...

The total area of Shiraz city is 18622.79 ha of which the central area of Shiraz city is 375.82 ha is being deteriorated. The Deteriorated central areas in Shiraz city is located in historical and cultural texture, so these places are full of historical monuments and it has its own urban heritage and cultural identity but now its historical, economic and cultural identity is in threat of blighting. Renewal our city is the penalty for neglect and irresponsible civic management with negligent urban housekeeping allows obsolescence to spread. It causes sickness, crime delinquency, traffic, death and injury. We not only need to defend our standard of living, we need to achieve it. The necessity for government to give its assistance has been clear and it is evident that private enterprise, unaided, is not able to provide an adequate supply of satisfactory housing to meet the wise variations in the income levels of all the people. Historically, urban renewal of old or inner-city areas of ...

The total area of Shiraz city is 18622.79 ha of which the central area of Shiraz city is 375.82 ha is being deteriorated. The Deteriorated central areas in Shiraz city is located in historical and cultural texture, so these places are full of historical monuments and it has its own urban heritage and cultural identity but now its historical, economic and cultural identity is in threat of blighting. Renewal our city is the penalty for neglect and irresponsible civic management with negligent urban housekeeping allows obsolescence to spread. It causes sickness, crime delinquency, traffic, death and injury. We not only need to defend our standard of living, we need to achieve it. The necessity for government to give its assistance has been clear and it is evident that private enterprise, unaided, is not able to provide an adequate supply of satisfactory housing to meet the wise variations in the income levels of all the people. Historically, urban renewal of old or inner-city areas of Shiraz city was addressed through urban revitalization initiatives, which focused mainly on housing repair, reconstruction and rehabilitation of infrastructures. In this paper we are discussing, analyzing and criticized on two different urban renewal approaches ("Eradication and Relocating" and " Clearance and Redevelopment") which have done currently in the central area by the Municipality and the Urban Development & Revitalization Organization of Shiraz city. Finally the best appropriate approach and proposition to renewal and revitalize of central area of Shiraz city will propose which it is based on consideration, analysis and assessment of two current urban renewal initiatives. The general approach and recommendation to tackle urban poverty in the historical centre of Shiraz city is three-pronged that all these three prongs are in favour of poor people.

This paper discusses the value system and its consequences in the processes and procedures for sustainable living. Six and half lakh villages of our country are already sustainable with present resource restriction and pertinent knowledge. The main aim of Ergopolis is to establish that Indian villages are already sustainable. The only hurdle which the development is facing is the valuation of Indian villages. If we consider the carbon fixing

This paper discusses the value system and its consequences in the processes and procedures for sustainable living. Six and half lakh villages of our country are already sustainable with present resource restriction and pertinent knowledge. The main aim of Ergopolis is to establish that Indian villages are already sustainable. The only hurdle which the development is facing is the valuation of Indian villages. If we consider the carbon fixing

Transfer of Environmental friendly Technology is crucial for international agreement on environmental policy and is perceived by many developing countries as a prerequisite for adherence to treaties. Yet many investing countries perceive technology transfer as a lengthy and costly process with potential risk to intellectual property rights. This paper is an attempt to infer such views need to be rethought, and that technology transfer instead needs to be understood by distinguishing between so-called "horizontal" transfer (including long-term sharing of technological expertise), and "vertical" transfer (in which technologies are relocated without sharing).