Andreas Pyka

University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Economics, Faculty Member

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Innovation Systems for Transformations towards Sustainability? Taking the Normative Dimension Seriously

by Michael P Schlaile, Matthias Mueller, and Andreas Pyka

Sustainability, 2017

The aim of this article is to complement research on transformations towards sustainability by dr... more The aim of this article is to complement research on transformations towards sustainability by drawing upon the innovation systems (IS) framework. The IS framework already serves as a suitable and influential basis for research on processes of technological innovation and economic change. We argue that improving the capacity of an IS framework for dealing with wicked problems and the normative complexity of sustainability requires a fundamental paradigm shift because in the current IS paradigm innovations are considered as per se desirable and in mostly technological terms. Therefore, we call for IS dedicated to transformations towards sustainability by opening up for systemic innovations beyond the technological dimension and by acknowledging that stakeholders have conflicting visions, interests, norms, and expectations with regard to sustainability goals. Taking the normative dimension of transformations towards sustainability seriously thus requires more explicit and integrative research on directionality, legitimacy, responsibility, and their interrelation in IS. The article concludes by proposing suggestions for future research based on IS-related approaches that can serve as building blocks for an IS framework capable of incorporating legitimate goal-orientation for transformative innovation by and for society.

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Upward and downward complementarity: the meso core of evolutionary growth theory 1 Complementarity in generic and operant analysis

by jason potts and Andreas Pyka

We propose that the concept of complementarity can take two distinct meanings in evolutionary eco... more We propose that the concept of complementarity can take two distinct meanings in evolutionary economics: one referring to Adam Smith's notion of increasing specialization and the division of labour, which we denote 'downward comple-mentarity' (wholes into new parts); and a second type that refers to the discovery of emergent complementarity between extant or new components and products, which we call 'upward complementarity' (parts into new wholes). We outline this new conception and explore some of its analytic and theoretic implications. Progress in science often takes the form of either: (a) realizing that things thought to be different are actually similar; or (b) realizing that things thought to be similar are actually different. Neoclassical economics is often at its best in the first mode seeking topological equivalence of the structure of different decision problems: for example when Theodore Schultz and Gary Becker showed that what appeared to be qualitatively different phenomena—investment in plant and factories and educating children—could both be studied as investment in capital. But evolutionary economists have long been at their best when operating in the second mode of elaborating differences. The basic J Evol Econ

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Twin-Peaks - What the Knowledge-Based Approach Can Say about the Dynamics of the World Income Distribution

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Taking the First Step—What Determines German Laser Source Manufacturers Entry Into Innovation Networks?

International Journal of Innovation Management, 2015

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Technological progress and effects of (Supra) regional innovation and production collaboration. An agent-based model simulation study

2014 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence for Financial Engineering & Economics (CIFEr), 2014

Is It Worth All the Trouble? An Assessment of the Economic Value of Firm Patent Applications with Shared Intellectual Property Rights in the Biotechnology Industry

Technology Transfer in a Global Economy, 2012

ABSTRACT Shared intellectual property rights are connected with complex legal issues and therefor... more ABSTRACT Shared intellectual property rights are connected with complex legal issues and therefore organizations (e.g. firms) that apply for patents have a strong incentive to avoid co-ownership on their patents. In contrast to this the share of EPO firm patent applications with a joint ownership has increased in the biotechnology industry during the last two decades as it has been observed in other industries. From this the question has to be forced, whether joint patent applications are associated with a higher economic potential compared to the patents with no joint ownership so that firms are willing to cope with the legal issues that are associated with shared intellectual property rights on patents. We measure the economic value of a patent by the number of subsequent citations it has received and empirically address this question by the application of a nonparametric matching approach on patent level. We show that there exists a positive causal relationship between the decision of a firm to jointly apply for a patent and the future economic value that is associated with the regarded patent.

The Effects of Supraregional Innovation and Production Collaboration on Technology Development in a Multiregional World: A Spatial Agent-Based Model Study

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2014

Applying a Comprehensive Neo-Schumpeterian Approach to Europe and Its Lisbon Agenda

50 Years of EU Economic Dynamics, 2007

The paper shows that Comprehensive Neo-Schumpeterian Economics (CNSE) is an adequate theoretical ... more The paper shows that Comprehensive Neo-Schumpeterian Economics (CNSE) is an adequate theoretical approach accompanying the enforcement of the aims of the Lisbon Agenda. The CNSE approach is based on the principle of innovation and the idea of future orientation penetrating all spheres of economics which can be summarized in three domains of economic life: industry, finance and public sector, the 3-pillars of CNSE. The CNSE approach is applied to an empirical study of 18 OECD countries using a three step procedure: In a first step country patterns of pillars are identified in a cluster analysis. This gives a fine grained picture of institutional and structural set-ups for the countries under study. In a second step within the pillar clusters a performance analysis is exercised in order to rank the countries. Because of the similarities of countries within a cluster this comparative analysis can be done whereas for countries belonging to different clusters this comparison would lead to wrong conclusions. In a final step as a crude representation of macro-economic performance the cluster composition is sorted by the average growth rates of the economies. This allows a first correlation of pillar composition and growth performance.

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Mapping national innovation systems in the OECD area

International Journal of Technology and Globalisation, 2006

JEL classification: C33, O11, O31, P51.

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Horizontal heterogeneity, technological progress and sectoral development

Economic Evolution, Learning, and Complexity, 2002

Horizontal heterogeneity, technological progress and sectoral development Uwe Cantner1, Horst Han... more

Agent-Based Modelling — A Methodology for the Analysis of Qualitative Development Processes

Contributions to Economics, 2006

The tremendous development of an easy access to computational power within the last 30 years has ... more The tremendous development of an easy access to computational power within the last 30 years has led to the widespread use of numerical approaches in almost all scientific disciplines. The first generation of simulation models was rather focused on stylized empirical phenomena. With agentbased modelling, however, the trade-off between simplicity in modelling and taking into account the complexity of the socio-economic reality has been enhanced to a large extent. This paper serves as a basic instruction on how to model qualitative change using an agent-based modelling procedure. The necessity to focus on qualitative change is discussed, agent-based modelling is explained and finally an example is given to show the basic simplicity in modelling.

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Die Simulation von Lernen in Innovationsnetzwerken

Adaption und Lernen von und in Organisationen, 2004

Schumpeter, Joseph Alois (1883–1950)

The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2008

Cutting Back Models and Simulations

Intelligent Systems Reference Library, 2013

Testing Policy Options for Horizon 2020 with SKIN

Understanding Complex Systems, 2014

Twin Peaks: What the Knowledge-based Approach Can Say about the Dynamics of the World Income Distribution

Applied Evolutionary Economics, 2003

One of the most recently observed stylised facts in the field of economic growth is the persisten... more One of the most recently observed stylised facts in the field of economic growth is the persistent bimodal shape of the world income distribution.. Of course, some theoretical explanations for this new stylised fact already have been provided by neoclassical growth theory within a maximising framework. Although innovation and technology are recognised as being the driving forces behind growth processes, these models maintain the restrictive assumption of a rational acting representative agent. In this paper we draw on a synergetic approach of evolutionary economics. In the model, the countries' productivity development is depicted as a sequence of relative technological levels and the movement from one level to the next higher one is governed by stochastic transition rates. The motivation for these transition rates is based on the knowledge-based approach of evolutionary economics, thereby taking into account depleting technological opportunities, the effects of technological infrastructure and permanent technological obsolescence due to an ubiquitous scientific progress. With this model we are able to show how a persistent bimodal distribution -the twin peaksendogenously emerges via self-organisation. This simulated distribution matches well with the kernel density plot, calculated for GDP per worker data relative to the GDP per worker in the USA over the period 1960-90 for a sample of 104 countries. Both the empirical and theoretical results show an evolution of the density function toward bimodality with a decreasing number of countries with low relative productivity levels and an increasing number of countries with high relative productivity levels, indicating a prevalent catching-up during the period of investigation. However, the separation of both groups of countries is getting more significant over time and therefore further catching-up is expected to become increasingly difficult in the future.

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Technological Heterogeneity, Technological Progress and Sectoral Development

Network formation-analyzing R&D cooperation timing among German laser source manufacturers

Innovationsnetzwerke: Simulations-experimente zur Politikberatung

The effect of supraregional innovation and production collaboration on technology development in a multi-region world. A spatial agent-based model study

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