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Aims of the Series Literatures, Cultures, and the Environment focuses on new research in the Environmental Humanities, particularly work with a rhetorical or literary dimension. Books in this series explore how ideas of nature and environmental concerns are expressed in different cultural contexts and at different historical moments. They investigate how cultural assumptions and practices, as well as social structures and institutions, shape conceptions of nature, the natural, species boundaries, uses of plants, animals and natural resources, the human body in its environmental dimensions, environmental health and illness, and relations between nature and technology. In turn, the series makes visible how concepts of nature and forms of environmentalist thought and representation arise from the confl uence of a community's ecological and social conditions with its cultural assumptions, perceptions, and institutions.

Office Hours: Monday, 2:30-4 pm Office: Humanities 350 Course Description: In this course, we will examine the landscape of the American West from a variety of disciplinary perspectives, using literature, art, film, and history to raise and analyze a number of key questions. Through readings, class discussions, and written responses on a variety of styles and genres of texts, we will explore a range of cultural expressions that reveal the changes in how we think of the land around us from the 1800s to today. We will start by examining the variety of ways authors explore relationships between human and non-human nature. Then, in order to learn more about the places we live we'll put the tools of nature writing-observation, memory, exploration, research, analysis, and expression-to work. We'll ask questions such as: How do relationships between humans and their environments reflect and shape literature? How do gender, race, ethnicity, and class shape an author's standpoint toward the natural world? What is the relationship between nature and culture? What alternative views of nature (and culture) are possible? How does our attitude toward nature affect our reading of literature? What is the purpose and importance of writing about nature? Through examining these issues, the political consequences of how we view the land around us will start to emerge, and we will move on explore topics and themes such as cowboy mythologies, Native American and Chicano/a cultural identity, environmentalism, urbanism, and tourism. In looking at a wide selection of fiction, film, historical documents, and theory, we will investigate the ways in which writers deal with gender, sexuality, and a variety of political themes in representations of Western landscapes. This course will build on the abilities you developed in English 101 and 102 and push your abilities to construct an argument and analyze scholarly materials even further. By the end of the semester, you will have had ample opportunities to improve your skills to create polished and compelling analyses and argumentative essays. This course will be writing, reading, and research intensive, and students will be expected to actively participate in class discussions about the assigned texts and films. In addition to short response papers, you will prepare major papers which include a literary analysis, a film critique, and a critical historical essay based on the assigned readings.

There are debates whether Pedophilia, a universal psycho-social problem, is a psychiatric disorder or a perverse sexual orientation. Though a few number of pedophilia supporting groups argue that having sexual interests in children is merely a sexual orientation or fantasy, but this paper explores further in analyzing different psychological insights of pedophiles, especially in the contexts of Vladimir Nobokov’s novel Lolita (1955) and its film adaptation of 1962. This paper gives a critical analysis of the views and practices of pedophilia in the contemporary world. In addition to that, this paper explores the binary opposite characters of Humbert and Clare Quilty to determine whether pedophilia is their sexual orientation or they are perverts who are only sexually attracted to young girls. Apart from analyzing this perverse sexual practice, this paper also discusses the established notions of pedophilia, re/de-constructs them and gives an elaborate discussion on this taboo topic from theoretical points of view. In doing so, this paper employs critical commentaries based on a number of established theories like Michel Foucault’s theories on Sexuality, Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis and Laura Mulvey’s envision of scopophilia.

This paper attempts a cybercritical reading of William Gibson's novel Neuromancer (1984) to explore the genesis of cyborgs in the novel, address issues pertaining to cyberpunks and scrutinize the portrayal of a cyberculture set in the futuristic dystopian city of Chiba. The relationship between humans and machines has gone through multiple phases of changes in the recent past. That is why instead of satirizing machinized-humans, science fiction writers have embraced different dimensions of man-machine relationships during the past few decades. 'Cyborg' is no longer represented as the 'mutation of human capabilities', but as 'machines with Artificial Intelligence'. Gibson's Neuromancer, a landmark piece of literary work in the sphere of Sci-Fi literature, specifically predicts a new height of man-machine relationship by employing both human and cyborg characters at the center of his story line. This paper shows how Gibson accurately prophesizes the matrix of machine-human relationship in his novel. It also explores Gibson's depiction of female characters through the lens of cyberfeminist theories. In view of that, this paper uses contemporary critical and cultural theories including Donna Haraway's idea of cyberfeminism, Baudrillard's simulation and simulacra, Foucauldian discourse analysis, Jeremy Bentham's concept of tabula rasa and other relevant theoretical ideas to examine and evaluate the transformative changes.

This chapter aims to focus on the impacts of some particular fashion adverts which are breaking the prevalent ideas regarding 'the representation of men' on Bangladeshi youths of different ages and areas by making a survey on the youths studying at different Bangladeshi universities. The media of the western countries are acquainted with these types of representation of men while the Bangladeshi media has let its viewers know about this lately through different advertisements specially fashion adverts. This new type of representation of men and "masculinity" or the emergence of "Metrosexual men" in the Bangladeshi media has its own impacts on the youths of Bangladesh whether it is about creating a new concept or it is only about dealing with the consumer culture. However, this chapter points to highlight on the fact that to what extent the concepts of the urban Bangladeshi youths (both male and female of different ages and areas) are molded by the emergence of this type of adverts in Bangladeshi media.

F Fiscal uncertainty has severely impacted curricular reform efforts as faculty and administrators endeavor to maintain the momentum of ongoing change in general education programs despite decreasing resources-not just in dollars but also in faculty goodwill. On many campuses, the general education committee aims to create a more engaging intellectual community and a more coherent undergraduate program. Individual faculty members hope to produce more committed students with strong foundational skills. Administrators work to strengthen the institution's academic identity.

This article argues that close, critical attention to the selection, organization, and layout of texts in the Findern Anthology (Cambridge University Library MS Ff 1.6) provides evidence that the manuscript’s readers and compilers exercised interpretive control over its construction. The activity of female scribes in compiling the manuscript indicates that a literary culture of female readers may have driven the construction of the manuscript. Through analysis of texts by Gower, Chaucer, and Richard Roos, this article demonstrates that substantial alterations in the format indicate close critical readings of the texts by interested female readers who interpreted the court writing tradition through their more local experience and perspective. Far from being a merely “provincial” manuscript, however, this analysis reveals subtle interventions in the texts transmitted, suggesting a sophisticated reading of the court tradition that draws out crucial thematic inter-relationships. Foremost among the manuscript’s major themes are the power of female eloquence (as demonstrated in Gower’s story of Peronelle and Richard Roos’ translation of Alain Chartier’s La Belle Dame Sans Mercy) and the tension between female choice and social compulsion (as demonstrated in Chaucer’s Parliament of Fowls and Gower’s story of Rosiphelee).

This article argues that contemporary neuroscientific theories of visual perception provide an important body of concepts through which medievalists can explore the intuitive insights exemplified in medieval visual theory and visual culture.

This article argues that the wicker enclosure named the House of Tidings in Chaucer’s House of Fame provides a powerful intuitive expression in figurative terms of the concept of neuroplasticity, or the functional capability of the brain to reorganize its neural circuitry in response to an external stimulus or a deficit in cognitive function. In this figurative space, Chaucer explores the capacity of mind to adapt to new experience, from the mental world of reading texts to the whirling world of social experience.

The Three Dead Kings is a lively and imaginative late Middle English narrative version of a widespread iconographic motif of medieval macabre art commonly referred to as the "Legend of the Three Living and Three Dead." The artistic and moral core of the Legend lies in the encounter between three people, often, though not always, aristocratic males, and three dead, who are sometimes in coffins, sometimes upright, and often quite voluble, representing a particularly dynamic version of what I term "the didactic corpse," which appears widely in medieval death art. The Middle English poem has generated precious little direct criticism, despite the fact that it provides unique English narrative evidence for a central iconographic motif in European culture. The fact that it is a virtuoso display of formal experimentation ought to attune us to the potential for undiscovered complexity. 1 But formidable textual problems have inhibited a clear understanding of the dating, localization, and authorship of the poem, which is transmitted in Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Douce 302, an anthology of moral and penitential poetry compiled under the direction of John Audelay in the second quarter of the fifteenth century. 2 Though the poem is occasionally ascribed to Audelay, who composed other original poems in the manuscript written in the alliterative style, Ad Putter has recently reinforced the case against Audelay's authorship by demonstrating that it conserves some older linguistic forms that the first scribe of Douce 302 normalizes and modernizes in other poems preserved in the manuscript. 3 But the question of authorship, while it might help date the poem and thus contextualize it to a certain degree, will certainly not open up the poem's fascinating interpretive questions; to pursue those questions requires a much more considered examination of the iconographic tradition of the Legend, including a reflection on the conditions and contexts within which it was transmitted.

This article argues that the wicker enclosure named the House of Tidings in Chaucer's House of Fame provides a powerful intuitive expression in figurative terms of the concept of neuroplasticity, or the functional capability of the brain to reorganize its neural circuitry in response to an external stimulus or a deficit in cognitive function. In this figurative space, Chaucer explores the capacity of mind to adapt to new experience, from the mental world of reading texts to the whirling world of social experience.

There are now 1,750,000,000 one billion, seven hundred and fifty million people speaking English globally. In Europe and Asia, the non-English-speaking world, the number of companies where English is used as an official language is growing. Rakuten the Japanese biggest onlineshopping, announced this change recently and brought a lot of attention. It has been said that newly hired employees in Samsung Electronics, the South Korean multinational electronics company, are required to score over nine hundred on the TOIEC test. Other companies, such as Airbus, DaimlerChrysler, Nokia, SAP, Microsoft in Beijing and Tokyo, also use English the official language in the company 4. The reason that a language strategy is needed now is that global business speaks English. Besides this, there are three more factors to be considered: The gradual downsizing of the Japanese market, the effect of the Internet and English media, and finally the rapid Englishnization in Asia. It is inefficient to communicate in multiple languages and English becomes a must in order to compete globally. To achieve Englishnization, there are still a lot of hurdles. The biggest one is the English level of individual employees 4. One author is now researching on the topic in relation to supply chain management, where the phenomenon in that fluctuation in orders increase as one moves up the supply chain from retailers to wholesalers to manufacturers to suppliers is referred as the bullwhip effect. The bullwhip effect results in an increase in all costs in the supply chain and a decrease in customer service levels. Therefore, one objective of coordination is reducing the bullwhip effect. A lot of 53 2012 11 30