Glycolytic oscillation is one of the first observed and described nonlinear
phenomena in living o... more Glycolytic oscillation is one of the first observed and described nonlinear phenomena in living objects. Our recent paper points out the similarity of the temperature and outer electric field to influence this oscillation. The electric field is absorbed and changes the molecules. Similarly to the effect of heating, molecules have various structural, dynamical and chemical changes promoted by electric field. The changes sometimes happen without increasing the temperature. Temperature, as the average energy of the included particles, has various kinds of “waste” energy used to heat up the particles which do not participate in the desired changes. The inaccuracy of the effects of temperature growth in local molecular changes could be remarkably high and could be corrected by the well-applied electric field absorption.
Angiogenesis is one of the main supporting factors of tumor-progression. It is a complex set of i... more Angiogenesis is one of the main supporting factors of tumor-progression. It is a complex set of interactions together with hypoxia and inflammation, regulating tumor growth. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of angiogenesis with an allometric approach applied to angiogenesis and the regulating factors. The results show that allometry has the potential to describe this aspect, including the sigmoid-like transport function. There are particular conditions under which the complex control maximizes the relative tumor mass. Linear growth of malignancy diameter with an allometric approach was proven
Biosystems are complex. Their physiology is well-controlled with various negative feedback signal... more Biosystems are complex. Their physiology is well-controlled with various negative feedback signals and processes, it describes by opposite interfering effects which are characterized in the Eastern philosophy by Yin-Yang (Y-Y) pairs. Y-Y pairs could be described by the promoter-suppressor pairs in a wide range of physiologic signals creating the homeostasis of the complex system. This type of control appears as fluctuations from the average (mean) value of the signal. The mean carries an ineluctable fluctuation (called pink-noise or 1/f noise). All signals in homeostasis have equal entropy (SE = 1.8), which is the character of the complex equilibrium. The various control-ling opposite signals (Y-Y) have different time-scales which change by aging. The processes with smaller time-scale are degraded by aging, but the pink-noise ensures that the deviations of the signals of the healthy homeos-tatic system remain constant. Meridians are connected to the general trans-port systems that combined the material and the information transport with the considerable transport networks, like blood, lymph, nerve, cell-junctions, mesenchymal “ground substance” cytoskeletons. The meridians in this meaning only virtual line averaged from multiple realized paths to connect two acupuncture points by the material, energy and information transport processes. The meridian network is designed by various coupling points (acupoints), which could be perturbed by actuating stimulus. Our objective is to describe the meridian system from complexity point of view.
The role of electrical forces in angiogenesis is widely studied. The electric field (EF) induces ... more The role of electrical forces in angiogenesis is widely studied. The electric field (EF) induces polarization of the endothelial cells, and in this way, it is a mor-phogen in angiogenesis. Additional to the polarization, it may build up by newborn cells in the process of cellular fission. Due to the weak direct experimental results on the transitions of endothelial cells, we used an analogy to these epithelial transitions. This involved using the injury current, which induces oriented cell migration and morphological arrangement in wound healing. The injury-current considerations are applied for malignant proliferation as well.
The penetration depth in the electromagnetic heating could be a crucial factor of its application... more The penetration depth in the electromagnetic heating could be a crucial factor of its application, when the deep heating is the goal. The capacitive coupling is one of the most popular heating techniques in radiofrequency (RF) heating applications. The matching of the target defines the penetration possibilities. The current matched solution has deeper mathematically defined penetration in RF region than the capacitive plane-wave solution. The same power of application request high voltage with relatively low current for plane-wave inducing , while in current matching it has low voltage with high current. The effective depth of the action in the two solutions do not identical, the penetration defined by the intensity of 1/e portion of the incident beam is higher in the current-matched techniques.
We study the Brownian ratchet conditions starting with Feynman's proposal. We show that this prop... more We study the Brownian ratchet conditions starting with Feynman's proposal. We show that this proposal is incomplete, and is in fact non-workable. We give the correct model for this ratchet.
The penetration depth in the electromagnetic heating could be a crucial factor of its application... more The penetration depth in the electromagnetic heating could be a crucial factor of its application, when the deep heating is the goal. The capacitive coupling is one of the most popular heating techniques in radiofrequency (RF) heating applications. The matching of the target defines the penetration possibilities. The current matched solution has deeper mathematically defined penetration in RF region than the capacitive plane-wave solution. The same power of application request high voltage with relatively low current for plane-wave inducing , while in current matching it has low voltage with high current. The effective depth of the action in the two solutions do not identical, the penetration defined by the intensity of 1/e portion of the incident beam is higher in the current-matched techniques.
The use of hyperthermia as a treatment in oncology is a common topic for debate. Some researchers... more The use of hyperthermia as a treatment in oncology is a common topic for debate. Some researchers expect a breakthrough in oncological treatments with hyperthermia, whereas others have disregarded the method. Serious questions concerning hyperthermia have arisen. Should homogeneous (iso-thermal) or heterogeneous (selective) heating being used? When we use selective heating (heterogeneity), should the entire tumour be targeted or should the malignant cells be individually selected? Does the mechanism involve thermal cell death or thermally-assisted cell death? Is the goal necrosis or apoptosis? Is hyperthermia safe as a monotherapy or does it have to be combined with conventional treatments? When the selection is local, how do we act on disseminated cells that represent a high risk of life threatening metas-tases? When local heating is the focus, how should it be carried out with measured and controlled? Our objective is to show how precise, selective heat transfer is necessary to remove malignant cells and, consequently, how hyperthermia as part of the immune-oncology can change the game in this promising field of oncological therapies.
The power-density function of the noise spectrum of open and complex systems changes by the power... more The power-density function of the noise spectrum of open and complex systems changes by the power of frequency. We show that the fluctuation origin and the noise-powered description are equivalent to describe the colored noise power density. Based on this, we introduce a scale-independent invariant for monitoring the dynamics of the complex system. The monitoring of the noise spectrum of the system specifies the forecast of failure, the timing of desired regular corrections and/or the assessed operation life of the system, indicating the possible faults before it happens, predicting deterioration like wear/tear, fatigue in the still properly working system. These considerations are highly applicable to living systems and their preventive care.
We show that the processes described by Avrami functions are self-similar. A comparative function... more We show that the processes described by Avrami functions are self-similar. A comparative function characterizes a self-similar process by a certain Avrami exponent. We define the self-similar categories of some well-known biological processes. The method to determine the Avrami exponent by choosing the comparative function is demonstrated on the diffusion model of the growth of nuclei. We generalize the results.
In " hypethermia " , the procedure of raising the temperature of a part, or the whole body, up to... more In " hypethermia " , the procedure of raising the temperature of a part, or the whole body, up to 42° C to kill cancer cells for a defined period of time is applied alone or as an adjunctive with various established cancer treatment modalities such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, " hyperthermia " is not generally accepted as conventional therapy due to the complications of deep heating and lack of focusing of the heat effect only for malignant tissues. The idea of oncothermia solves the selective deep action on malignant tissue on nearly cellular level. Oncothermia is highly improved, safe and effective " hyperthermia " in clinical cancer therapy supported by in vivo, in vitro, and human research as shown in this article. Advantage of oncothermia: while the classical insufficiently, focused " hyperthermia " has to heat up in case of the multiple lesions overlapping all the volume, which contains both normal tissues and malignant tissues; while oncothermia automatically focuses on the malignant tissues in its multiple places, without treating the healthy tissue in between. The modulated radiofrequency current (RF) flows through the malignancies only. The radiofrequency modulated current with 13,56 MHz (fractal modulated) between 2 electrodes automatically focuses through malignant tissues with lower impedance and will flow mainly in the extracellular electrolyte because the normal cells are electronically isolated by their membrane by more than one-million V/m electrical field strength. Oncothermia 161
We describe the Norwich-Wong generalization of the Weber-Fechner law in the framework of a comple... more We describe the Norwich-Wong generalization of the Weber-Fechner law in the framework of a complex, self-controlling, self-similar feedback mechanism to ensure the condition of “dendritic democracy”.
Background and Purpose: Hyperthermia is an emerging complementary method in radiooncology. Despit... more Background and Purpose: Hyperthermia is an emerging complementary method in radiooncology. Despite many positive studies and comprehensive reviews, the method is not widely accepted as a combination to radiotherapy. Modulated electrohyperthermia (mEHT; capacitive, electric field modulated, 13.56 MHz) has been used in clinical practice for almost 2 decades in Germany, Austria and Hungary. This is vivo study in nude mice xenograft tumors compares mEHT with "classic" radiative hyperthermia (radHT).
The specific absorption rate (SAR) characterises the energy intake from outside energy sources. D... more The specific absorption rate (SAR) characterises the energy intake from outside energy sources. Dominantly, the dosing of electromagnetic radiation uses the SAR, defining the absorbed power in unit mass, measured in W/kg. Ionisation radiation creates a certain distortion in the DNA, which is the goal of radiation in oncology. The dose in this case counts the time duration of the actual SAR, and uses the absorbed energy instead of the absorbed power, measured by Gy (=J/kg). The ionis-ing rate is the desired result, and the developed temperature is only an unwanted side effect. In the case of non-ionising radiation, the same characterisation is used for completely opposite goals. There, the direct interest is the temperature increase, and the excitation processes other than temperature increasing energy consumptions are neglected. Our objective in this work is to clarify the connections of SAR and developed temperature, and discussing the actual debates about non-thermal energy absorption.
The effect of a modulated electromagnetic field on the cytoskeleton is possible through the actio... more The effect of a modulated electromagnetic field on the cytoskeleton is possible through the action of voltage-sensitive phosphatase (VSP). Field-controlled phosphorous hydrolysis could have important roles in cytoskeleton restructuring, as well as in resonant-type behavior.
Dominant technical solution for oncological hyperthermia devices is capacitive-coupling. However,... more Dominant technical solution for oncological hyperthermia devices is capacitive-coupling. However, it has the challenge of overheating the surface of adipose layers and burning cutaneous structures. The main technical solution of this is the intensive cooling of the surface. Our objective is studying the physiology and effect of the active cooling of the skin in capacitive-coupled hyperthermia technologies.
Our objective is to generalize the Weaver-Astumian (WA) and Kaune (KA) models of thermal noise li... more Our objective is to generalize the Weaver-Astumian (WA) and Kaune (KA) models of thermal noise limit to the case of cellular membrane resistivity asymmetry. The asymmetry of resistivity causes different effects in the two models. In the KA model, asymmetry decreases the characteristic field strength of the thermal limit over and increases it below the breaking frequency (1 0 m ), while asymmetry decreases the spectral field strength of the thermal noise limit at all frequencies. We show that asymmetry does not change the character of the models, showing the absence of thermal noise limit at high and low frequencies in WA and KA models, respectively.
Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR, 1994
Formation and special consequences of water-ordering are studied and discussed. Based on the know... more Formation and special consequences of water-ordering are studied and discussed. Based on the knowledge of the water states, a special dynamic clustering (called dynamic frustration) is suggested. This can be an essential mechanism for life processes. A frustration mechanism and its consequences are discussed.
We describe the basic quantum-mechanical categories and properties of the thermodynamical basis o... more We describe the basic quantum-mechanical categories and properties of the thermodynamical basis of Onsager's theorem. 3 basic principles are used: 1. energy dissipation; 2. Hamiltonian formalism; 3. Onsager's linearity. We obtain the 2 characteristic values of the observables, their main-value and the deviation, the first and second momentums of the probability distribution function, which we also derived also from the same principles.
Hyperthermia means overheating of the living object completely or partly. Hyperthermia, the proce... more Hyperthermia means overheating of the living object completely or partly. Hyperthermia, the procedure of raising the temperature of a part of or the whole body above the normal for a defined period of time, is applied alone or as an adjunctive with various established cancer treatment modalities such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The fact that is the hyperthermia is not generally accepted as conventional therapy. The problem is its controversial performance. The controversy is originated from the complications of the deep heating and the focusing of the heat effect. The idea of oncothermia solves the selective deep action on nearly cellular resolution. We would like to demonstrate the force and perspectives of oncothermia as a highly specialized hyperthermia in clinical oncology. Our aim is to prove the ability of oncothermia to be a candidate to become a widely accepted modality of the standard cancer care. We would like to show the proofs and the challenges of the hyperthermia and oncothermia applications to provide the presently available data and summarize the knowledge in the topic. Like many early-stage therapies, oncothermia lacks adequate treatment experience and long-range, comprehensive statistics that can help us optimize its use for all indications.
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Papers by Andras Szasz
phenomena in living objects. Our recent paper points out the similarity of the
temperature and outer electric field to influence this oscillation. The electric
field is absorbed and changes the molecules. Similarly to the effect of heating,
molecules have various structural, dynamical and chemical changes promoted
by electric field. The changes sometimes happen without increasing the temperature.
Temperature, as the average energy of the included particles, has
various kinds of “waste” energy used to heat up the particles which do not
participate in the desired changes. The inaccuracy of the effects of temperature
growth in local molecular changes could be remarkably high and could
be corrected by the well-applied electric field absorption.
together with hypoxia and inflammation, regulating tumor growth. The objective of this study is to examine the
effect of angiogenesis with an allometric approach applied to angiogenesis and the regulating factors. The results
show that allometry has the potential to describe this aspect, including the sigmoid-like transport function. There
are particular conditions under which the complex control maximizes the relative tumor mass. Linear growth of
malignancy diameter with an allometric approach was proven