Psychology

Economic evaluations and the cost implications of cyberloafing among employees have generated calls for scholarly attention and empirical-based interventions. This study therefore examined the influence of personality on cyberloafing, and the mediatory effect of ethical climate. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey, with the use of a structured questionnaire. A sample of 696 civil servants from the federal secretariat in Oyo State, Nigeria participated in the study. Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire consisting of Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), ethical work climate scale, and an adapted cyberloafing scale. Sociodemographic description of the participants showed that 63% were male with ages ranging from 28 to 56 years (x -= 42.23, SD = 3.48). Results showed that the introduction of ethical climate dimensions of law and code (β 4 = -0.123; p < 0.05) and rules (β 4 = -0.110; p < 0.05) accounted for a reduction in the predictive strength of extraversion on cyberloafing (β 1 = 0.290; p < 0.01: β 4 = 0.076; p < 0.05). This is consistent with partial mediation. The results obtained in this study imply that it is necessary for management of organizations to formulate and implement specific policies aimed

One of the paradoxes of man's earthly existence is the ubiquity of social strife, conflict and wars. These concepts are coterminous terms and will be used inter-changeably in this paper. Conflict is endemic in the nature of man. One of the early political thinkers, Thomas Hobbes pointed out that men voluntarily and willingly entered into civil society for the purpose of preserving their lives and avoid conflict the war of everyone against everyone". But the irony of it is that conflict (war or civil strife) has become a recurring social decimal in human history. Yet humanity needs peace for its progress, it happiness, and above all its raison. This paper seeks to examine Conflict and Its Resolution an Experiential Approach. The paper has attempted to provide a practical guide to the understanding of the basic rudiments of conflict. It has defined and described conflict and the types of conflict. In addition conflict resolution and conflict management were highlights and conceptualized. The paper similarly examined some theories of social conflict in order to provide a better understanding of conflict and its likely causes in any society. Dispute resolution and management is another important area focused on by the paper. In the end analysis, the paper attempted to draw attention to the utility of conflict handling styles and prevention strategies. This paper finally, concluded that Conflict resolution in Nigeria requires honest and capable leadership oppression, domination and marginalization and raise; the standard of living of all Nigerians.

One of the paradoxes of man's earthly existence is the ubiquity of social strife, conflict and wars. These concepts are coterminous terms and will be used interchangeably in this paper. Conflict is endemic in the nature of man. One of the early political thinkers, Thomas Hobbes pointed out that men voluntarily and willingly entered into civil society for the purpose of preserving their lives and avoid conflict the war of everyone against everyone". But the irony of it is that conflict (war or civil strife) has become a recurring social decimal in human history. Yet humanity needs peace for its progress, it happiness, and above all its raison. This paper seeks to examine Conflict and Its Resolution an Experiential Approach. The paper has attempted to provide a practical guide to the understanding of the basic rudiments of conflict. It has defined and described conflict and the types of conflict. In addition conflict resolution and conflict management were highlights and conceptualized. The paper similarly examined some theories of social conflict in order to provide a better understanding of conflict and its likely causes in any society. Dispute resolution and management is another important area focused on by the paper. In the end analysis, the paper attempted to draw attention to the utility of conflict handling styles and prevention strategies. This paper finally, concluded that Conflict resolution in Nigeria requires honest and capable leadership oppression, domination and marginalization and raise; the standard of living of all Nigerians.

Until recently, appointments into the public sector particularly public enterprises had been polluted by ethnic chauvinism and considerations. Ethnicity has become one of the major problems and factors that affects, effective, efficiently and performance in public enterprises in the country. Ethnic sentiment has become a way of life in governance and a determining factor of who occupies which office and what position. The objective of this paper, therefore is to interrogate ethnic considerations in appointment into public enterprises in the country and its effects on performance and productivity. The method adopted to gather information includes test, journals, library and achieved research, and works on scholars related to this study. Findings showed that ethnicity in appointments into public enterprises breeds inefficiently, ineffectiveness and incompetent staff which had led to poor performance, low production and inefficiency. This paper recommends that appointment into public enterprises should be based on merit, the most suitable and best qualified persons so as to enhance performance and productivity and develop poor country.

Until recently, appointments into the public sector particularly public enterprises had been polluted by ethnic chauvinism and considerations. Ethnicity has become one of the major problems and factors that affects, effective, efficiently and performance in public enterprises in the country. Ethnic sentiment has become a way of life in governance and a determining factor of who occupies which office and what position. The objective of this paper, therefore is to interrogate ethnic considerations in appointment into public enterprises in the country and its effects on performance and productivity. The method adopted to gather information includes test, journals, library and achieved research, and works on scholars related to this study. Findings showed that ethnicity in appointments into public enterprises breeds inefficiently, ineffectiveness and incompetent staff which had led to poor performance, low production and inefficiency. This paper recommends that appointment into public enterprises should be based on merit, the most suitable and best qualified persons so as to enhance performance and productivity and develop poor country.

The human society and indeed the entire world is daily increasingly becoming conflict-ridden as individuals and groups have in recent times found it difficult to tolerate, work and live together in cooperative ways. The implication of this scenario is that a nation is being adversely affected and consequently the wealth of the country will take a deep dive in the negative direction. It is altruistic that conflict is endemic and inevitable in human nature, since it often arises from inherent opposing interests of individuals and groups in work, religion and social relations. Dialogue as a cooperative approach to social relations is about harnessing actor's potentials for mutual gains through the process of integrative bargaining leading to a 'win-win' outcomes. One of the major objectives of this paper is to ascertain the extent dialogue can serve as a strategic tool to reduce religious conflict and promote peace and harmonious living in Nigeria and also to examine the concept of Dialogue as an effective tool to consensus building that will lead to cultural, political and religious tolerance on the one hand, and their processes and relevance to the resolution of social conflicts, particularly religious conflicts with a focus on Nigeria in Africa. This paper adopts the historical descriptive method of analysis. The paper finally recommends that Inter-Religious Councils should be formed in various societies of the world where representatives of every religion will meet periodically to discuss meaningfully on salient issues affecting their faith, morals, tradition and other concerns of the entire society so as to douse tension among the different religions and to live peacefully in the world. Where these institutions or structures already exits, they should be reinforced and strengthened to perform effectively to foster tolerance and peaceful coexistence among various religious groups in their societies. This paper further recommends the acceptance and appreciation of dialogue as a way of life of humans all over the world. Introduction Literature on conflict in the world over, specifically, Africa is replete and littered with the notion of the predominance of internal or inter-group conflict over international conflicts

One of the paradoxes of man's earthly existence is the ubiquity of social strife, conflict and wars. These concepts are coterminous terms and will be used interchangeably in this paper. Conflict is endemic in the nature of man. One of the early political thinkers, Thomas Hobbes pointed out that men voluntarily and willingly entered into civil society for the purpose of preserving their lives and avoid conflict the war of everyone against everyone". But the irony of it is that conflict (war or civil strife) has become a recurring social decimal in human history. Yet humanity needs peace for its progress, it happiness, and above all its raison. This paper seeks to examine Conflict and Its Resolution an Experiential Approach. The paper has attempted to provide a practical guide to the understanding of the basic rudiments of conflict. It has defined and described conflict and the types of conflict. In addition conflict resolution and conflict management were highlights and conceptualized. The paper similarly examined some theories of social conflict in order to provide a better understanding of conflict and its likely causes in any society. Dispute resolution and management is another important area focused on by the paper. In the end analysis, the paper attempted to draw attention to the utility of conflict handling styles and prevention strategies. This paper finally, concluded that Conflict resolution in Nigeria requires honest and capable leadership oppression, domination and marginalization and raise; the standard of living of all Nigerians.

The human society and indeed the entire world is daily increasingly becoming conflict-ridden as individuals and groups have in recent times found it difficult to tolerate, work and live together in cooperative ways. The implication of this scenario is that a nation is being adversely affected and consequently the wealth of the country will take a deep dive in the negative direction. It is altruistic that conflict is endemic and inevitable in human nature, since it often arises from inherent opposing interests of individuals and groups in work, religion and social relations. Dialogue as a cooperative approach to social relations is about harnessing actor’s potentials for mutual gains through the process of integrative bargaining leading to a ‘win-win’ outcomes. One of the major objectives of this paper is to ascertain the extent dialogue can serve as a strategic tool to reduce religious conflict and promote peace and harmonious living in Nigeria and also to examine the concept of Dialogue as an effective tool to consensus building that will lead to cultural, political and religious tolerance on the one hand, and their processes and relevance to the resolution of social conflicts, particularly religious conflicts with a focus on Nigeria in Africa. This paper adopts the historical descriptive method of analysis. The paper finally recommends that Inter-Religious Councils should be formed in various societies of the world where representatives of every religion will meet periodically to discuss meaningfully on salient issues affecting their faith, morals, tradition and other concerns of the entire society so as to douse tension among the different religions and to live peacefully in the world. Where these institutions or structures already exits, they should be reinforced and strengthened to perform effectively to foster tolerance and peaceful co-existence among various religious groups in their societies. This paper further recommends the acceptance and appreciation of dialogue as a way of life of humans all over the world.

The human society and indeed the entire world is daily increasingly becoming conflict-ridden as individuals and groups have in recent times found it difficult to tolerate, work and live together in cooperative ways. The implication of this scenario is that a nation is being adversely affected and consequently the wealth of the country will take a deep dive in the negative direction. It is altruistic that conflict is endemic and inevitable in human nature, since it often arises from inherent opposing interests of individuals and groups in work, religion and social relations. Dialogue as a cooperative approach to social relations is about harnessing actor's potentials for mutual gains through the process of integrative bargaining leading to a 'win-win' outcomes. One of the major objectives of this paper is to ascertain the extent dialogue can serve as a strategic tool to reduce religious conflict and promote peace and harmonious living in Nigeria and also to examine the concept of Dialogue as an effective tool to consensus building that will lead to cultural, political and religious tolerance on the one hand, and their processes and relevance to the resolution of social conflicts, particularly religious conflicts with a focus on Nigeria in Africa. This paper adopts the historical descriptive method of analysis. The paper finally recommends that Inter-Religious Councils should be formed in various societies of the world where representatives of every religion will meet periodically to discuss meaningfully on salient issues affecting their faith, morals, tradition and other concerns of the entire society so as to douse tension among the different religions and to live peacefully in the world. Where these institutions or structures already exits, they should be reinforced and strengthened to perform effectively to foster tolerance and peaceful co-existence among various religious groups in their societies. This paper further recommends the acceptance and appreciation of dialogue as a way of life of humans all over the world.

Dramatic changes occurred in the world precipitated by the end of the prolonged cold war. A world that was hitherto driven by the division on ideological grounds was to be integrated by markets and technology, termed globalization. The objective here is to look at the divergent views of globalization. Also, the paper focuses primarily on the concept of globalization, its genesis and the reasons for globalization of the world. The paper also examines the impact of globalization on the world economically, politically, socially, culturally and technologically. Appraisal of the advantages and disadvantages of turning the world into one global village is also another area of focus of this paper. The paper concludes that to understand the concept of globalization, people of all nations need to understand how globalization works and the policy choices facing them and their societies.

This study examine the differences in challenges and faced by retired men and women civil servants and coping strategies in Rivers State. Ex-post facto-design was adopted for the study. Four research questions and four hypotheses guided the conduct of the study. The population of the study consisted teachers from2010-2016. Sample of 960 retired public secondary school teachers chosen for the study through purposive sampling technique. An instrument titled “Retirement challenges and coping strategies scale” (RCCSS) was used and independent t-test was used for data analysis at 0.05 alpha level. The finding of the study are that financial difficulty constituted a  major challenge faced be retired civil servants: there is significant difference in the level of stress and financial difficulties faced by retired civil servants; retired men and women civil servants differ in  the use of problem-focused and emotion strategies etc. Based on the findings, five (5) recommendations were made among which is that government should prioritize the payment of the retirees ‘pension and  gratuities in the country to enable them meet their financial obligations of the family members and others.