Electrical Engineering

O termo "texto complexo" e utilizado para classificar um texto que possua relacoes transtextuais dentro do texto de origem e com textos complementares, que sirvam para agregar os diferentes tipos de analise e critica, ou simplesmente para permitir uma melhor compreensao. Nesse trabalho, e proposto um processo para representacao de informacao em textos complexos utilizando a meta linguagem XML e algumas tecnologias relacionadas. Como parte do processo de representacao, foi definido um modelo denominado Ketib, que e aplicado, a titulo de estudo de caso, a obra Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. Este texto foi escolhido por apresentar um alto grau de complexidade, tomando possivel demonstrar o potencial do modelo no tratamento da representacao e da codificacao de informacoes com natureza multidimensional que contenham diferentes sistemas de referencia. Os resultados nao estao restritos ao estudo de caso e demonstram a viabilidade desse processo em textos de outros dominios Abstract

The phrase "complex text" applies to texts that possess transtextual relations within the source text and that relate to other supplementary texts, either for aggregating the different kinds of critics and analyses, or just for better understanding. This work proposes a process for the representation of information in complex texts using the XML language and some related technologies. As part of the representation process, the model defined was one called Ketib, and it is applied, as a case study, to the Biblia Hebraica Sttutgartensia. The reason for selecting this text was its high degree of complexity, making it possible to validate the potential of the model when treating the representation and the codification of information of a multidimensional nature, containing different reference systems. The results are not restricted to the case study and demonstrate the possibilities of this process in texts in other domains. Resumo: O termo "texto complexo" é utilizado para classificar um texto que possua relações transtextuais dentro do texto de origem e com textos complementares, que sirvam para agregar os diferentes tipos de análise e crítica, ou simplesmente para permitir uma melhor compreensão. Nesse trabalho, é proposto um processo para representação de informação em textos complexos utilizando a meta linguagem XML e algumas tecnologias relacionadas Como parte do processo de representação, foi definido um modelo denominado Ketib, que é aplicado, a título de estudo de caso, à obra Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. Este texto foi escolhido por apresentar um alto grau de complexidade, tornando possível demonstrar o potencial do modelo no tratamento da representação e da codificação de informações com natureza multidimensional que contenham diferentes sistemas de referência. Os resultados não estão restritos ao estudo de caso e demonstram a viabilidade desse processo em textos de outros domínios

Indice 1. Introdução 2. Conceitos do Problema 2.1 SGML 2.2 A Informação 2.2.1 A representação da informação 2.2.2 Modelo de representação do Ketib 2.3 Análise do domínio-Ontologia do domínio 2.3 .1 Ontologia-Definição 2.3.2 Delimitando o domínio 2.3.3 TEI como ontologia do domínio 2.3.4 OSIS como ontologia de aplicação 2. 4 Relações transtextuais 2.5 Texto complexo-BHS 2.5 .1 BHS-Estrutura do texto 2.5.2 BHS-Visões do texto 2.5.3 BHS-Relações transtextuais 2

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre o uso de tecnologias na educação, com especial atenção sobre as matérias de física e matemática. São apresentadas, também, implementações de aplicações baseadas em realidade aumentada, mostrando o potencial desta tecnologia na educação.

In this study, we investigate the performance of optical packet/burst switched (OPS/OBS) architectures connected as mesh and as ring topologies for future optical metropolitan networks. Network throughput and protection to link failure under uniform traffic distribution for all nodes are investigated to evaluate the sensitivity of OPS/OBSN performance. Our data are based on analytic results and computer simulations that include a comparison between various mesh and ring topologies. We also consider detailed traffic distributions over the network links and the impact caused by failure of more or less loaded links, thus providing a method to select links that require protection, which can be very useful in network planning.

In this work we investigate the performance of optical packet/burst switched (OPS/OBS) architectures connected as mesh and as ring topologies, for future optical metropolitan networks. Network throughput and protection to link failure under uniform traffic distribution for all nodes is investigated in order to evaluate the sensitivity of OPS/OBSN performance. Our results are based on analysis of simulations and comparison between various mesh (Manhattan St. type) and ring topologies. We also consider the detailed traffic distributions over the network links and the impact caused by failure of more or less loaded links, thus providing a way to select links that require protection.. Index Terms-photonic switching, network protection, Optical Fiber Communications.

Photonic switching for traffic optimization in Metropolitan Access Optical Networks using technologies of optical packet/burst switching (OPS/OBS) seems to be a future-proof solution considering high capacity and the highly variable traffic in these networks. Looking for this future, we propose a study based on the analyze of survivability of traffic unconsidering protection mechanism but considering mesh and ring efficient topologies with node architecture to OPS. The results are obtained through computer modeling and simulation. The main parameters analyzed are as follows: capacity, average number of hops, packet loss fraction, and link utilization for each topology. These parameters are adopted to evaluate the performance of each topology considering failures. Minimum electronic buffering is included at node ingress (client side) to avoid packet loss in the access to the optical layer: high throughput and low latency. It is also observed that optical buffering is not necessary for adequate network performance.

All maintenance of power  transmission  lines  involves various risks  to workers. Among  these
risks, it`s highlighted those associated to electric shock, arc discharge and fall. To prevent the
risks  the  Brazilian  workers  are  exposed  to,  it  is  obligatory  the  application  of  regulatory
norms  instituted  by  Brazilian Ministry  of  Labor  and  Employment  (MLE).  This  present  job
aimed the study of work safety in transmission lines. To reach this objective, this job proposed
the application of two methodologies of risks analysis, the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
and Tree Causes Method,  in a real case study extracted  from The International Institute  for
Occupational Safety and Health  (NIOSH), an United States of America’s Ministry of Labor
agency. The selected case study presented a  fatal accident occurred during  the maintenance
of a 345kV  transmission  line. The victim passed away due  to an electrocution caused by  the
detachment of a grounding  jumper  that hit him. Two different methodologies with different
characteristics were applied and, based on  the results collected which were analyzed under
the guidelines of  the Brazilian Regulatory Standards  (NR 10 and NR 35),  it was possible  to
obtain strong results on the main failure modes that caused the accident. From the results, it
was  possible  to  verify  the  absence  of  technical  planning,  a  corporate  security  policy,
technical  supervision  and,  especially,  the  lack  of  a  safety  culture  in  the  corporate  context.
Aiming  the minimization of causal aspects which caused  the accident, recommended actions
were  proposed, such as the implementation of an occupational safety policy, the application
of  periodic  training,  the  presence  of  a  technical  responsible  to  supervise  the maintenance
activities of transmission lines, as well as delivery of personal protective equipment in proper
operating condition.

The agency conflict involves several risks for family businesses. Among the risks involved, we should highlight the reduction of internal productivity, family interests superimposed on corporate interests, reduction of the autonomy of non-family managers, as well as the central decision-making without having as fundamental
basis the rationality. The present work aimed to study the existing agency conflicts in family companies, as well as the impacts of this towards the decision making in the
corporate scope. In order to obtain this objective, it proposed the application of two analysis methodologies, the Three Circles Model and the Prospect Theory, in a real
case study extracted from the Doctoral Thesis of the University of Birmingham by Professor Dalton Penedo Sardenberg.