Denis Larrivee

Loyola University Chicago, Bioethics, Visiting Scholar

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Yale University Medical School Fellow
Assistant Professor Cornell University Medical School

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Papers by Denis Larrivee

Sleep-Dependent Sensory Gating and Synaptic Priming Mechanisms

Archives in Neurology & Neuroscience

Neurological etiologies and global brain states: cognitive disease and the deterioration of the self-construct

Journal of Neurology and Neuroscience, Mar 20, 2019

Reciprocal Influences in Higher Order Cognition and Epileptogenesis

Insights in Neurosurgery, 2020

After stroke, epilepsy is the second leading brain impairment, affecting over 50 million people w... more After stroke, epilepsy is the second leading brain impairment, affecting over 50 million people worldwide. Its persistent seizures often cause various sequelae such as momentary deviations in perception and behavior, mild convulsions, and temporary loss of consciousness, which are due to the spread of Epileptogenesis to various brain regions. A chief hypothesis for epilepsy posits that the disruption of homeostatic mechanisms underlies Epileptogenesis and, potentially, its globalization. Such models invoke nearest neighbor, synchronous activation with a progressive spreading that generates an evenly distributed hyper excitation. However, the variability in sequelae suggests that additional factors modify how Epileptogenesis is distributed. Unlike the influence of homeostatic perturbations, these latter are likely to involve operational and global structures of cognition, that is, top down as opposed to bottom up influences that affect seizure distribution in complex ways. Consistent with this, current studies show that several, prevalent, cognitive diseases affect the self-construct, diminishing the capacity to unify brain and bodily behavior and so suggesting that higher order cognition is susceptible to disruption. Schizophrenia, for example, is marked by disturbances of the self, manifest in such symptoms as an abnormal sense of the body, loss of ego boundary and a confused sense of agency. Likewise, Alzheimer's Dementia exhibits a progressive loss of control of default mode, selfcircuitries. Global states like the self-construct relate constitutive operational features of stability, flexibility, and hierarchy, which are required for performance and that give rise to the construct for various behaviors. Accordingly, among key higher order cognitive operations affected by these diseases are those linking motor planning and execution to goal directedness and self-agency, operations which could modulate and be modulated by epilepsy; hence, features of these diseases are likely to provide insight into mutual influences between higher order cognition and Epileptogenesis. This talk will consider several aspects of how higher order motor planning may relate to epilepsy and epileptogenic spreading.

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Global Dynamics and Local Synchrony: Therapeutic Prospects for Implant Learning Devices

2018 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), 2018

Improved medical care has significantly increased life expectancies, yet has also produced a grow... more Improved medical care has significantly increased life expectancies, yet has also produced a growing population at risk for cognitive impairment, especially memory and learning deficits. Strategies to repair lost function traditionally resort to neurotechnology, but have been unsuccessful for cognitive functions like memory due to the considerably more complex physiology of brain tissue. Improved understanding of memory and learning is now stimulating interest in devices that can diagnose or repair impaired function; their design, however, will need to address how global mechanisms that elicit memory or learning neural activity are affected. Extensive research shows that the brain's global, executive mechanisms evoke dynamic oscillating activity that coordinates information transfer with memory circuits through synchronized oscillation, complicating the design of neurotechnologies that can selectively intervene. This paper explores the theoretical possibility for selective inter...

Programming resilience: affective circuitry and the ethics of anthropological plasticity

F1000Research, 2015

Melon thrips, Thrips palmi Karny, is an economic pest of various vegetable crops in Florida. In a... more Melon thrips, Thrips palmi Karny, is an economic pest of various vegetable crops in Florida. In a survey study, vegetable growers rated the importance of this pest as high on squash (Cucurbita pepo), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena) and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Spinetoram, methomyl-azinphosmethyl, and abamectin provided a reduced level of control to melon thrips in 2012 when compared with a study conducted in 2008. A premix insecticide, Voliam Xpress, consisting of lambda cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprol, significantly reduced melon thrips on bean when compared with the nontreated control and other insecticide treatments. Cyazypyr at 13.5 and 20.5 oz/ acre provided significant reduction of melon thrips followed by a rotation program of spinetoram-dinotefuran.

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Neuromodulation - Guiding the Advance of Research and Therapy [Working Title]

Larrivee received the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology's first place award fo... more Larrivee received the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology's first place award for studies on photoreceptor degenerative and developmental mechanisms. He is the editor of Brain Computer Interfacing and an editorial board member of the Annals of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (USA) and EC Neurology (UK). He is also the author of more than eight-five papers and book chapters in such varied journals/venues as Neurology and

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Neurological etiologies and global brain states: cognitive disease and the deterioration of the self-construct

Journal of Neurology and Neuroscience, 2019

Personalist and Impersonalist Principles in Neuroethics:: Metaphysical Distinctions in Value Contingency and the Evolution of Normative Structure

EnglishValue theory has traditionally sited value to person or persor affecting concerns. Efforts... more EnglishValue theory has traditionally sited value to person or persor affecting concerns. Efforts to broaden contingency loci beyond the person, however, or even to be wholly independent of such concerns, increasingly challenge this notion, an ethical architecture termed impersonalist and now increasingly used in neuroethical contexts. In neuroethics contingency shifts typically adopt one of there formats: 1) intergenerational transactions where larger social entities constitute the value site, 2) extended mind theory, in which the person centered locus embraces non-person functional elements, or 3) posthumanism where value is attached to malleable, posthuman entities. Impersonalist contingencies are characterized metaphysically by mixed modes in which indeterminate relations supervene on person and non-person entities, or constitute the contingency locus alone. Value contingencies in personalist architectures, by contrast, are attached to metaphysical entities that are qualified by...

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Neural Consolidation and Ontological Variance Metaphysical Constraints in Self Emergence and Human Nature

Forum. Supplement to Acta Philosophica, 2017

The Future of Human Nature, Jurgen Habermas' treatise on issues of genetic manipulation, invokes ... more The Future of Human Nature, Jurgen Habermas' treatise on issues of genetic manipulation, invokes normative concerns arising out of a framework of a material re-ordering of human nature ( ). Implicit in Habermas' critique is a presupposition causally linking the human ontological status to a material program intrinsic to the human body and its mechanistic generation of the mature individual. This presupposition persists through numerous recent accounts that follow his work which are taken at the level of the neural architecture, as well as in various neuroaugmentation proposals. Together these re ect an epistemological approach seeking to deduce human nature from an exclusively empirical assessment of neural operation, a philosophical praxis that has been termed cognitive ontology. This praxis adopts a paradigm widely employed for explication in living systems, now dominating discourse on the nature of reality and touted as the new mechanistic wave. Recourse to ascriptions of human nature grounded in a mechanical causal order, however, has been challenged by recent philosophical approaches for its severance of the metaphysical link between human properties and their predication in an entity, and the inversion of the conceptual order between ontology and epistemology. Unlike mechanistic approaches, these are related to formal organizational order; hence, they are termed non-causal or design explanations. This paper proposes that strictly mechanist, causal sequences also fail to account for systemic operation in cognition and need supplementation with formal causal notions. Accordingly, they also implicate a material instantiation of propertied faculties that conforms to metaphysical principles of unity and property predication, which is to say that the instantiation of self and faculty circuitries are necessarily determined by extrinsic and realist principles of material order. This has the important ethical consequence of siting value to the whole individual and not solely to the perceptual realization of human faculties as proposed in modern cognitive ontology accounts. FORUM Volume ( ) -FORUM Volume ( ) -FORUM Volume ( ) -© Denis Larrivee & Forum. Supplement to Acta Philosophica Quest'opera è distribuita con Licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione -Non commerciale -Non opere derivate . Internazionale. Testo completo della licenza FORUM Volume ( ) -

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Dynamical Phase Modulation and Oscillatory Detuning in Applied Neurostimulation

Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, 2020

Neural architectures that are operative in higher order cognition, including consciousness, memor... more Neural architectures that are operative in higher order cognition, including consciousness, memory, and motor planning, undergo complex changes in global organization during neurological disease. Increasingly, neurostimulation is therapeutically used for restoring these functions, although the mechanisms of restoration are largely unknown. Extant studies reveal, on the other hand, that non-linear and dynamical principles govern global brain organization, seen in operational features such as persistence, stability, flexibility and non-localization that are likely to be evoked by neurostimulation. These dynamical features are instantiated in neural oscillations, a key mechanism regulating brain function and communication. Due to stochastic influences, oscillator synchronization and desynchronization exhibit limit cycle attractor dynamics, which are characterized by persistent phase modulation rather than fixed point, stationary phase locking. Phase modulation governs information excha...

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Values Evolution in Human Machine Relations: Grounding Computationalism and Neural Dynamics in a Physical a Priorism of Nature

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2021

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Epileptic discharge and global representation: Impairments in motor plan execution

Research and Reports in Immunology, 2021

Paideia and AAective Posthumanism: Reeections on Emotional Education Through Neuromodulation

In classical Greek understanding a paideia of emotions referenced both the concept and process of... more In classical Greek understanding a paideia of emotions referenced both the concept and process of cultivating emotional skills, whose reenement structured a broader understanding of the human; in the modern, naturalistic interpretation emotions are the product of neural network activity and are cultivated through neuromodulation, which fashions the post human, a creature made incarnate according to a new anthropology of materialism, becoming, and malleability. Post humanist theory teaches an emancipatory ethic in which the cogni-tively rehabilitated and emotionally reordered creature will engage a broadly connected and more inclusive world. To make way for enlightenment notions of empowerment and universality in advancing its bio-technical revolution posthumanists prooer a reconception of the telos of the human being. The proposed reconnguration of human emotions, however, is more widely symptomatic of an inversion of Aristotelian notions of essence and form. A product of Heidegger&...

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Coding Self Representations: Linking Postural Dynamics to Egocentric Tuning

Archives in Neurology & Neuroscience, 2019

The concept of the neural representation of the self, evoked when the body is dynamically engaged... more The concept of the neural representation of the self, evoked when the body is dynamically engaged in intentional action, is traced to the notion of the motor image. Insights drawn from the motor image posit that bodily representation is a key feature stabilizing individual motions of the plan as teleologically situated, that is, linking an agent to an objective terminus. Current work is beginning to disentangle representational content that is globally attuned to the whole individual from that for discrete movements. These studies suggest that representations of body posture are likely to be an important proxy for global self-representation in dynamic actions and may be directly modified by goal specific content. Candidate influences for goal related modulation are likely to include egocentric coding in the posterior parietal and premotor cortices that shape self representations to yield goal directed motor movement.

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Alzheimer’s Dementia and Global Self Circuits: A New Degenerative Model?

Improved medical care has significantly extended life expectancies, shifting demographic profiles... more Improved medical care has significantly extended life expectancies, shifting demographic profiles of the elderly world-wide; yet it has also greatly increased the numbers of patients suffering age-related cognitive deficits. According to United Nation’s projections nearly 20% of the world population will be 60 or more years of age by 2050, with considerably higher percentages in developed nations, placing large numbers of individuals at risk [1]. The most prevalent neurodegenerative disease among the elderly is Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD). Its lifetime risk above 60 is calculated at 33% in males and 45% in females, and its anticipated growth is expected to exceed nearly 100% that of current levels in developed nations. Disturbingly, a more than 300% increase is anticipated in Southeast Asian countries, including India, China, and their neighboring states [2].

Introductory Chapter: Multilevel Representational Content in BCI Therapy - Extending Syntactic and Semantic Architectures

Evolving BCI Therapy - Engaging Brain State Dynamics, 2018

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In Pursuit of Non-Invasive Psychopharmacology: Developing fNIRS Repertoire

The need for objective physical criteria in psychiatric diagnosis has greatly increased the use o... more The need for objective physical criteria in psychiatric diagnosis has greatly increased the use of imaging and electrical recording that can monitor brain activity. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has assumed a dominant role in evaluation due to its relatively high spatial resolution; however, supporting technologies are increasingly important adjuncts that offer important confirmatory determinations. Among these Functional Near Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy (fNIRS) has proved valuable for its ability to monitor brain activity in mobile patients, the capacity to measure both oxygenated deoxygenated forms of hemoglobin, and relatively low cost. Due to current technological and biological constraints the technique's theoretical potential for improved spatial resolution and compositional analysis remains latent, however, which potentially could exceed that of fMRI in functional analysis. A cluster of new experimental methods for improving light delivery and sampling su...

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Implantable medical devices and brain attractors: Network modulation and design practice

2017 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), 2017

Implantable medical devices are increasingly employed for neurorehabilitation to restore lost mot... more Implantable medical devices are increasingly employed for neurorehabilitation to restore lost motor function through brain computer interfacing. Proper circuit design for both sensing and stimulation is key to technology success, including the optimization of device capabilities and the exploitation of neural coding properties, while enhancing patient safety. To date peripheral nerve and brain implant devices adopt similar design strategies for neural interfacing that rely on Hodgkin Huxley formulations of spiking properties. Dynamical systems theory is revealing, however, that brain operation fundamentally differs from that of peripheral nerves, and is characterized by continuous operation, oscillatory networking properties, and the optimization of set points that enable both stability and maximum flexibility of response. Dynamical elements like attractors are nonlinearly and, in cases of sustained activity, functionally independent of spiking activity relative to output, adopting ...

Neuroethics in Principle and Praxis - Conceptual Foundations

Modo de acesso: World Wide Web Inclui bibliografia 1. Saúde 2.Medicina 3. Enfermagem I. Título O ... more

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Can neuroscience dismiss the concept of personhood: competing philosophies of science as a source of neuroethical tensions

F1000Research, 2015

Denis Larrivee

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