Classics and Archaeology

Our pronunciation of Ancient Greek, as Wilamowitz observed, is essentially a practical question.' Not that historical linguistics has settled all the phonetic issues: the data of WS Allen's Vox Graeca, widely accepted as the bible of "restored" pronunciation, are not beyond ...

Tomaschitz was arguably the leading authority on Rough Cilician epigraphy of our generation. His publications, »Unpublizierte Inschriften Westkilikiens aus dem Nachlaß T.B. Mitfords« (1998) and »Repertorium der westkilikischen Inschriften« (with Stefan Hagel, 1998), remain fundamental to the understanding of social institutions and urban development in Roman Rough Cilicia. Our communication with Kurt Tomaschitz began in 2002, when he informed us that he was preparing a response to our on-line publication of the inscribed statue base that we located at Göçük village in 2000 <https://engineering.purdue.edu/~cilicia>. The base records a dedication by »the Demos of Juliosebaste,« thus confirming the existence of a community by this name in western Rough Cilicia. We discussed at length the problems raised by this inscription and remained in close correspondence with Kurt from then on. After he published his response in »Tyche« in 2003, we undertook the challenge of reconciling our initial interpretation of this dedication with his compelling, alternative point of view. Two years later Kurt agreed to serve as a co-organizer of the International Conference being organized in Lincoln Nebraska: »Rough Cilicia: New Archaeological and Historical Approaches«. When the participants of the conference assembled in Lincoln in October 2007, we were both saddened and alarmed to learn that Kurt's failing health had prevented him from joining us. His characteristically informative paper on Cilician piracy was read aloud by M. Hoff and will appear in the forthcoming conference proceedings. All the while the members of the survey team continued to develop the following essay, intended to summarize the most significant findings of our field investigations in western Rough Cilicia. As will become evident to the reader, Kurt's courteous and insightful recommendations prompted us to adjust our views about the foundation of Roman era Juliosebaste in western Rough Cilicia. Close analysis of a second inscription recovered by the team at Göçük and discussed below positively confirms Kurt's hypothesis that Juliosebaste was founded and sustained by local dynasts (client kings and queens), rather than by the Roman Emperor Augustus. Such was the nature of Kurt Tomaschitz' penetrating insight that his mere suggestion altered the trajectory of ongoing research efforts continents apart. Throughout our correspondence Kurt exhibited the kindliness, enthusiasm, and urbanity of a gentleman in every sense of the word. The members of the survey team express our sincere condolences to family, friends, and co-workers of Kurt Tomaschitz at the loss of so talented a scholar in the prime of his career. We take comfort in the fact that his substantial contributions will undoubtedly stimulate new directions in Rough Cilicia studies for decades to come.

In 2005 the Rough Cilicia Survey Project was suspended temporarily to facilitate the implementation of the University of Nebraska Excavations at Antiochia ad Cragum, directed by Michael Hoff. In addition to assisting Hoff with his survey at Antioch, Rauh and pottery specialist, Richard Rothaus, assisted by Paige Rothaus and illustrator Burhan Suer, conducted a study season that focused on the RCSP Ceramics Study Collection and the stored context pottery of the survey. A dive team supported by Rauh and Hoff conducted a preliminary maritime survey near Charadros (RC 0401), but team difficulties resulted in the maritime survey being suspended before it really got started. Apart from a brief visit to RC 0303, Karaçukur, where Rauh and Rothaus collected additional lithics and Classical era sherds, the focus remained exclusively on photographing, measuring, illustrating, archiving, and conserving the stored pottery

This article considers how mourning is configured as a site of political and aesthetic conflict in Aeschylus' Persae. Aeschylus represents the Persian defeat at Salamis as a catastrophe that unsettles the Persians' habitual modes of visualizing and quantifying the empire's population as an ordered whole. Drawing on the work of Jacques Rancière and Alain Badiou, I show how characters in Persae construct novel representations of the war dead as social collectivities that do not fit into the hierarchical structures of dynastic rule.

A chapter on Euripides' Heraclidae in an edited volume on queer readings of Euripides. Drawing on scholarship that examines the relations between kinship, queerness, and political economy, I trace the ways in which profit (kerdos) serves as a force of social disruption in the world of the drama, variously subverting, transforming, and reinforcing the patriarchal norms that underly procreative kinship.

There is I, on the one hand, and this noise on the other ... if it is the other'. 1 Carl Orff's Antigonae (1949) opens with a breathless cry, as Antigone sings the first verse of Hölderlin's translation on a single, unwavering note. 2 Orff's operatic adaptation of Sophocles' original is known for its austere style, which emphasises rhythm and prosody over melodic complexity, blending a style of declamatory singing with an orchestra featuring unusual percussive instruments. But Antigone's part stands out for its tonal simplicity: in her opening dialogue with Ismene, Antigone sometimes allows her voice to rise and dip at the beginnings and ends of verses, but her otherwise uniform vocal line imbues her character with a sense of control and determination that contrasts sharply with Ismene's quavering replies. Antigone is matched in this respect only by Creon, who delivers many of his proclamations and interrogations in a flat baritone. Despite their antagonism, Antigone and Creon share a common voice, a musical ēthos that registers the literally univocal quality of their feuding convictions. Orff's musical interpretation directs our attention to the acoustic force of the voice and its role in the political conflicts that drive Sophocles' drama. The civic spaces of Thebes resound with Creon's declarations and Antigone's equally unambiguous expressions of defiance: Antigone tells her sister in the opening scene that Creon 'is coming here to make clear proclamations (σαφῆ προκηρύξοντα) to those who do not already know'. 3 After she is caught performing burial rites for Polyneices, she is asked by Creon whether she was aware of his ban and replies, 'Yes, I knew it. How could I not? It was manifest (ἐμφανῆ) to everyone' (448).

This volume challenges assumptions about—and highlights new approaches to—the study of ancient Egyptian society by tackling various thematic social issues through structured individual case studies. The reader will be presented with questions about the relevance of the past in the present. The chapters encourage an understanding of Egypt in its own terms through the lens of power, people, and place, offering a more nuanced understanding of the way Egyptian society was organized and illustrating the benefits of new approaches to topics in need of a critical re-examination. By re-evaluating traditional, long-held beliefs about a monolithic, unchanging ancient Egyptian society, this volume writes a new narrative—one unchecked assumption at a time. Ancient Egyptian Society: Challenging Assumptions, Exploring Approaches is intended for anyone studying ancient Egypt or ancient societies more broadly, including undergraduate and graduate students, Egyptologists, and scholars in adjacent fields.