Computer Sciense

A number of studies have contributed to the design and development of effective collaborative design environments. They have focused on the communication
of interrelated team members, the creation of shared understanding and vision, and shared discovery of design solutions. However, only few studies have focused on the design or the development of collaborative design environments that would allow all the members of the design team to plan their processes, enact according to their plan, monitor and influence their performance
in following the planned processes, and prevent them from deviating unconsciously from their desired performance. This paper introduces the constructs of a distributed process management environment (DPME) which was
designed to stimulate self-sustainability of effective team performance in an collaborative design environment by supporting: (a) the shared creation of a process plan, (b) the enactment of a process according to its plan, (c) the monitoring of the outcome and process of the team, and (d) the control of the team performance. It presents the findings of a study conducted for evaluating the
effectiveness of the DPME in meeting the conditions required for collaborative building design.

Architectural design practice is a collective work of different levels of expertise. Collaborative design relies on seamless meshing of specialists with different levels of expertise, skills and views. Research on collaborative design suggests various methodologies for supporting synchronous or asynchronous communicative practices of designers in reviewing and analyzing design decisions at different stages of the design process. However, they do not address the provision of an action platform that would enable collaborative group decision making in architectural design. There are four requirements for this platform: 1) sharing of design decisions among designers, 2) sharing of design rationale among designers, 3) detecting conflicts among design decisions, and 4) sharing of designers responses to design decisions. This paper presents a conceptual model of an asynchronous collaborative design environment that implements methodologies for addressing these requirements

This paper introduces the constructs of a distributed process management environment (DPME) which was designed to stimulate collaborative design by supporting: (a) the communication of team members, (b) the shared creation and discovery, (c) shared understanding, and (d) self-sustainability of effective team performance. An evaluation study was conducted for assessing the effectiveness of the DPME in meeting the conditions required for collaborative design. In the DPME evaluation, a groups of experts (N=13) were asked to discuss the current needs and expectations of the design teams from an effective collaborative design environment by identifying the capabilities and limitations of the currently employed collaboration methods and tools. The findings of the evaluation study illustrated that the design teams require to work in a collaborative design environment which not only allows the exchange of information regarding the artifacts being designed but also the communication of interrelated team members, the creation of a shared understanding of the team's vision and progress, the shared creation and discovery of artifacts and vision, and the monitoring and controlling of effective team performance.

In architectural design practice, a number of design participants are involved in the schematic design process. Participants of the schematic design process perform collaboratively or individually conducted activities at different stages of the design process. Research conducted on computer mediated architectural design systems suggests a variety of computerized methodologies to support participants in performing collaborative activities during schematic design process. Most of the suggested methodologies are designed and ready to be implemented in specific platforms, and others are implemented and anticipated to be evaluated against the requirements of specific architectural design domains. However, there is still no single model to date that satisfactorily meets the requirements of collaborating participants during schematic design process. Prospective users of the currently available models are obliged to choose among a vast variety of group design support solutions with little information about their potentials and pitfalls. This paper focuses on the identification of the fit between collaborating participants' requirements, prospects of design activities and the currently developed computer mediated design paradigms. In this paper, the author discusses the findings of two different researches conducted in two different professional design domains, and identifies the type of actions prevalent to schematic design process. The author introduces an analysis of a number of computer mediated methodologies that are developed to support participants during schematic design process. As a result of this analysis, this paper introduces a classification of computer-mediated methodologies according to their potential support to tasks and activities performed during the schematic architectural design practice. 1 INTRODUCTION In architectural design process, a number of design participants work together in order to achieve design objectives which are to be satisfied with a final design proposal. This paper is concerned with the schematic architectural design process where design participants are involved in the development of design objectives and elaboration of preliminary design proposals. Section 2 introduces an empirical study conducted for the observation of the schematic architectural design process and for identifying actions and of their requirements. This study delineates when, who and what actions are performed to achieve the objectives of the schematic design process. The findings of this study are compared to the findings of another empirical study conducted in another professional design domain.

This paper describes and evaluates a model for event sentence detection in news articles using Attention Models with Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Network (GRU) and Word Embeddings. This model was developed for event sentence detection task in the competition that was organized by ProtestNews lab at CLEF 2019. We also evaluated the generalizability of NLP tools by training our model on data from one country and testing it on data from another country. The model was developed for this task was shown to have the highest score in the organized competition with average F1-score of 0.6547.