Papers by Goodarz Najafian
Diversity is very important for breeding objective, since a narrow genetic base of germplasm is v... more Diversity is very important for breeding objective, since a narrow genetic base of germplasm is very vulnerable to biotic and abiotic stress. Genetic diversity of 40 wheat genotypes was assessed using 30 SSR primers that all of them were generated scorable bands. Totally 71 alleles (ranged between 2 to 4 alleles per each locus) was distinguished. Polymorphic information content (PIC) for all SSR primers was calculated. The highest (0.77) and the lowest (0.13) value of PIC was pertained to Xbarc352 and Xcfd56 Primers, respectively. According to similarity matrix, genetic similarity value ranged from 0.18 to 0.95 with an average of 0.48. The lowest and highest genetic similarity was observed between the Sistan and Arg (Bread wheat, No 27 and 28), Karkheh and Behrang (Durum wheat, No 35 and 38) genotypes respectively. Unweighted pair group method of the arithmetic average (UPGMA), based on Jaccard similarity clustering form a dendrogram with three genotypes group. Clustering somewhat was distinguished durum and bread wheat's. Principle coordinate Analysis (PCA), 2D plot was confirmed the results of cluster analysis. Cophenetic correlation showed that molecular data and cluster was corresponded. It was concluded that SSR marker was suitable for evaluated of genetic diversity in wheat genotypes and this genetic diversity can be used in wheat breeding programs.
CROP BREEDING …, 2011
High molecular weight (HMW) glutenin sub-units and baking quality related traits were studied in ... more High molecular weight (HMW) glutenin sub-units and baking quality related traits were studied in 49 Iranian wheat landraces. The protein content ranged from 11.2% to 13.55%, and SDS sedimentation volume varied between 40 and 60 milliliters. High Molecular weight glutenin ...
The development of cultivars that combine drought resistance, high yielding ability, and yield st... more The development of cultivars that combine drought resistance, high yielding ability, and yield stability is an important objective targeted by breeding programs in the rainfed areas. Three promising durum wheat lines, namely Syrian-4, Mrb3/Mna-1 and Mna-1/Rfm-7, selected from ICARDA germplasm, were tested in the national uniform yield trials and farmers' fields under rain-fed and supplemental irrigation conditions during five cropping seasons (2000-2005) to evaluate their adaptation to areas with mild cold winters. Under rainfed conditions, Syrian-4 and Mrb3/Mna 1 outyielded both the local durum check Zardak and the bread wheat landrace Sardari. Mna-1/Rfm-7 outyielded Zardak by 14%. Mrb3/Mna-1 and Syrian-4 showed also better grain yield stability and adaptability and good yield performance under supplemental irrigation. These promising durum lines showed better grain quality and protein content and better drought tolerance than Zardak. Syrian-4 and Mrb3/Mna-1 are recommended for the rainfed conditions and under supplemental irrigation in the moderate cold winter areas of Iran. These lines can be used as parental germplasm for generating more adapted germplasm for similar areas in the Central, West Asia and North Africa region.
Plant Genetic Researches
This study was conducted to identify markers associated with some kernel traits in bread wheat in... more This study was conducted to identify markers associated with some kernel traits in bread wheat in two separate experiments under field and laboratory. One hundred wheat genotypes were evaluated in an alpha lattice experimental design with two replications. Grain hardness, seed length, seed width and thousand kernel weights were measured. Association mapping was performed based on 96 unlinked and 22 SSR QTL linked markers, using structure and Tassel software. Correction for population structure was performed using genome wide SSR markers so that genotypes were divided into six subpopulations. Totally, 35 SSR markers linked to traits were detected; eight of them being QTL linked markers and other markers that were linked to traits, were used to investigate population structure. The QTLs linked markers were as follows: Chromosomes 5B, 5D and 6D had three QTL for grain hardness. Nine QTLs were detected on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 2D, 5B, 5D, 6D and 7B for kernel length, kernel width and thousand kernel weights. The results of this study demonstrate that association mapping is a useful approach to complement and enhance previous QTL information for marker-assisted selection in wheat.
Seed and Plant Improvment Journal, Oct 23, 2013
Terminal moisture stress in irrigated wheat farms causes a significant reduction in quantity and ... more Terminal moisture stress in irrigated wheat farms causes a significant reduction in quantity and quality of grain yield in Iran. In order to identify wheat varieties tolerant to late season shortage of water, and also to find how drought resistance indices should be applied in screening practices, this study was performed in a temperate region wheat breeding program of Iran for irrigated wheat. In this study 291 advanced breeding lines and cultivars of hexaploid wheat were planted in two field trials, one under normal irrigation and another one under water deficit. The normal trial received 6 times furrow irrigation from 3 May until 21 June, while the water stressed trial received only one irrigation in spring at the anthesis stage. Drought resistance indices including stress susceptibility index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP), stress tolerance index (STI) and geometric mean productivity (GMP) were calculated for all investigated entries. Correlation coefficien...
Allelic variations at the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci play an important role in determining dough visco-... more Allelic variations at the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci play an important role in determining dough visco-elastic properties and bread making quality. Fifty-nine bread wheat cultivars released in Iran since 1951 from four different agro-climate zones, were examined for their high (HMW-GS) and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) composition, controlled at the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci, respectively. In addition, the presence of the 1B.1R translocation was investigated. Three, eight, and four allelic variations were present at Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1 loci, respectively. Subunits 2*, 7+8, 7+9, and 2+12 are the dominant HMW-GS, at Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1, with frequencies of 45.8, 39, 25.4, and 59.3%, respectively. Five, eight and four allelic variations were present at the Glu-A3, Glu-B3 and Glu-D3 loci, with Glu-A3c, Glu-B3b and Glu-D3b LMW-GS dominating, with frequencies of 52.5, 39 and 59.3%, respectively. The frequencies of allelic variation at Glu-1 and Glu-3 differ greatly in ...
Variability and Association Grain Weight with Grain size (and shape) and grain quality, and stepwise Regression analysis on thousand grain weight in Iranian Durum Wheat Landraces
Grain weight and quality in durum wheat, greatly influence by grain morphology and grain protein ... more Grain weight and quality in durum wheat, greatly influence by grain morphology and grain protein content (GPC). In order to detection of phenotypic diversity level and relations between thousand grain weight (TGW), grain size (and shape) and grain quality, a collection of 79 durum wheat landraces from different geographic regions of Iran was used across two years (2013-15). A high-throughput method was used to capture grain size and shape. The high level of variation was observed with significant differences (P <0.001) among genotypes for all traits. A moderate to high broad sense heritability was found for all traits and ranged between 0.70 and 0.93 for grain yield and width, respectively. Grain weight significantly correlated with grain morphology (with exception of aspect ratio (AR) and roundness) and GPC. It can be a result of durum wheat landraces with high grain yield and high grain protein. By taking TGW as dependent variable a six variables regression model, including gra...
Wheat is the first and the most important grain of the world and its bakery property is due to gl... more Wheat is the first and the most important grain of the world and its bakery property is due to gluten qualities. Gluten is a part of endosperm hard proteins that cause increased stickiness quality. Wheat glutenin is divided into two groups according to molecular weight, glutenin subunits with high molecular weight (HMW-GS) and glutenin subunits with low molecular weight (LMW-GS). In the present study, 97 Iranian wheat landraces were analyzed for diversity in high and low molecular weight glutenin subunits. In hexaploids, 11 different high molecular subunits were identified, three of which were related to Glu-A1, five for Glu-B1 and three were related to Glu-D1. Interestingly, the subunit 2.1+10* was observed in three landraces. In tetraploids, nine subunits were identified, of which two were related to Glu-A1 and seven to Glu-B1. Low molecular weight glutenin subunit genes were investigated using seven DNA primer pairs for Glu-A3, Glu-B3 and Glu-D3 loci. Five alleles were identified...
Plant Genetic Researches, 2016
In order to study genetic diversity, heritability and relation of some important traits with grai... more In order to study genetic diversity, heritability and relation of some important traits with grain yield in bread wheat, 20 bread wheat irrigated lines evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications during two cropping cycles/years. Based on combined analysis results, there were a significant difference between genotypes. Also, in all traits, coefficient of phenotypic variation was greater than coefficient of genetical variation, indicating the effect of environment on investigated traits. The significant correlation between grain yield and number of days to maturity, spikes per m 2 and the grains per spike. number of days to heading and number of days to maturity had highest heritability among traits, with 87 and 69%, respectively. Results of this showed that selection of early heading or shorter no. of days to heading and early maturing or shorter number of days to maturity is recommended to breeders for selection materials favorable for terminal warm condition and water shortage, preventing grain yield reduction. Results of cluster analysis showed that genotypes are divided in six groups. Totally, six superior genotypes from the fourth cluster were selected as superior lines. Based on bi-plot analysis, genotypes 14 and 5 showed the lowest genotype × trait interaction, but genotypes 16 and 8 showed the highest genotype × trait interaction.
Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 2016
Grain characteristics, particularly grain weight, grain morphology, and grain protein content (GP... more Grain characteristics, particularly grain weight, grain morphology, and grain protein content (GPC), are important components of grain yield and quality in wheat. A set of 98 bread wheat landraces from different geographic regions of Iran were used across 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 to determine the phenotypic diversity and relations between thousand grain weight (TGW), grain morphology and grain quality. A high-throughput method was used to capture grain size and shape. The genotypes were significantly different (P < 0.001) for all traits which reflects the high levels of diversity. A moderate to high broad sense heritability was found for all traits and ranged between 0.68 and 0.95 for grain yield and factor from density (FFD), respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed between TGW and grain size (or shape) exception of aspect ratio (AR) and roundness. However, grain quality traits, especially GPC had significant negative correlation with TGW. Based on stepwise regression analysis by taking TGW as dependent variable, grain volume, FFD, width, perimeter and Hardness Index (HI) were recognized as the most important traits and explained more than 99.3% of total variation of TGW. The path analysis revealed that FFD has maximum direct effect on TGW followed by volume, whereas perimeter and width had relatively less direct effect on TGW. According to cluster analysis, landraces separated into 5 clusters, and cluster III and IV had the maximum and minimum average for the most traits, respectively. Our study provides new knowledge on the relations between TGW, grain morphology and grain quality in bread wheat, which may aid the improvement of wheat grain weight trait in further research.
Marker assisted selection for complementation of Glu-A1b, Glu-B1i, and Glu-D1d alleles in early segregating generations of wheat
Estimation of genetic structure traits attributes bread-making quality in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using GGEbiplot and diallel method
Backcross-breeding and doubled-haploid facilitated introgression of stripe rust resistance in bread wheat
Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, 2013
Stripe rust caused by the fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) may decrease wheat yie... more Stripe rust caused by the fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) may decrease wheat yield significantly in severe outbreaks. The most cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to reduce yield losses due to rust diseases is deployment of effective resistant genes in wheat cultivars. The causal agents evolve and may break existing resistant sources as well. Therefore, long-term conventional breeding strategies and the ongoing evolution of pathogen populations in the region would put the success of breeding programmes at risk so that there is always a need for speeding up the process of germplasm enhancement through production of doubled-haploid breeding materials. In this study, we aimed at introgression of stripe rust resistance trait from three genotypes (Flanders, Martonvasar-17 (MV17) and Bersee) into a widely adapted cultivar “Ghods”. Positively selected F2BC2 progenies of three backcrossing schemas, i.e. (i) Flanders/3*Ghods; (ii) Ghods*3/MV17; and (iii) Hybride-de-bersee/3*Ghods, were used to produce three small-size doubled-haploid populations via wheat × Maize pollination methodology. The doubled-haploid populations were examined against two predominantly isolates of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) i.e. 6E134A+ and 6E2A+Yr27+ and the screening revealed that 44 and 52 of the progenies are resistant to the above-mentioned isolates, respectively. Field data have shown that the stripe rust resistance doubled-haploid germplasm are comparable to local check cultivars in yield and earliness.
International Journal of Biology, 2013
The correlation and path coefficient analysis of some kernel quality traits have been studied for... more The correlation and path coefficient analysis of some kernel quality traits have been studied for 92 cultivars, breeding lines and landrace varieties of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Ninety-two genotypes were evaluated in alpha lattice design with two replications. Result of analysis of variance indicated that there were significant differences among genotypes in the most of traits. The correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive correlations among thousand kernel weight (TKW), grain length (GL) and grain width (GW). We also showed TKW, GL and GW had positive correlation with grain protein percentage, gluten weight, and falling number. Grain protein was significantly correlated with several kernel characteristics including: TKW, GL, GW, hardness index, gluten weight, SDS sedimentation, and falling number. On the first and second steps of stepwise regression analysis, protein percentage and falling number were the most effective traits in explaining different trait variations. Path coefficient analysis also showed the direct and significant effects of grain protein percentage and medium direct effect of falling number on SDS sedimentation. This result can be used in wheat breeding programs.
Determining quality scores of advanced bread wheat climatic zones of Iran based on allelic variation in Glu-1 loci
... In case of two cultivars of Sorkhtokhm and Kavir an allelic combination was observed in Glu-D... more ... In case of two cultivars of Sorkhtokhm and Kavir an allelic combination was observed in Glu-D1 which was similar to 2+10 in behavior. ... Tehran. Contact: Ms Maryam ABDOLLAHI; Zeinolabedin YOUSEFINEJAD. Tel: +98-21-22413926; +98-21-22401086. Fax: +98-21-22413925. ...
Evaluation and selectionin bread wheat segregating populations and generations
... Reza; Chaichi, Mehrdad; Nazeri, Mahmod; Rezai, Ali; Jasemi, Shahryar (2005) in Farsi. -, Stud... more ... Reza; Chaichi, Mehrdad; Nazeri, Mahmod; Rezai, Ali; Jasemi, Shahryar (2005) in Farsi. -, Study and selection in populations and segregating generations of bread wheat ) F2;-Fn ( and evaluation of pure lines in preliminary yield trial. by Rezaei, Mohammad; Hushyar, Rahim ...
Evaluation of bread wheat genotypes in advanced regional yield trials for moderate regions
... genotypes under limited water conditions in cold regions Evaluation of bread wheat genotypes ... more ... genotypes under limited water conditions in cold regions Evaluation of bread wheat genotypes in advanced yield trials in cold regions under limited water conditions by Mahfoozi, Siroos; Aminzadeh, Gholam Reza; Chaichi, Mehrdad; Nazeri, Mahmod; Rezai, Ali; Abedi Skoui ...
Journal of Applied Biotechnology Reports, 2018
Improvement of the end-use quality is one of the primary objectives of breeding for researchers w... more Improvement of the end-use quality is one of the primary objectives of breeding for researchers working on raising the nutritional and functional quality of wheat. The processing and end-use characteristics of the grain, collectively known as quality traits, are under genetic and environmental control. Molecular genetic studies explaining this control may increase the efficiency of wheat breeding to improve the grain quality. Association mapping which is also referred to as linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping has gained considerable popularity as an efficient genetic mapping methodology because of improved statistical approaches that increase its proficiency and reduce false positive associations. 1 Furthermore, association mapping has been used to identify trait-marker relationships in plants. 2,3 Initially, this method was extensively used to dissect human diseases. 4 Unlike linkage analysis where mapping populations are used to determine correlations between phenotype and genotype, association mapping relies on unrelated individuals to create population-wide marker-phenotype associations. 5 Linkage mapping based on the biparental populations is frequently used to dissect the genetic architecture of wheat quality traits. Several main effect QTLs and major genes have been identified for glutenin and grain hardness locus Ha, 6 test weight, 7-11 a-amylase activity, 10,12 grain protein content, 11,13-19 sedimentation volume, 10,20-22 and grain weight. 23 The main objective of the association mapping studies is detecting the correlations between genotypes and phenotypes in a sample of individuals based on the LD, 24 and it is suggested as a promising alternative strategy to linkage mapping. 25 There are some examples of applying association mapping via wide genome or candidate genes approaches in wheat. Breseghello and Sorrells 26 used association mapping and detected the main effect QTLs for the kernel weight, length, and width.
Journal of Crop Improvement, 2013
This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or s... more This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
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Papers by Goodarz Najafian