Videos by Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
This video lecture discusses the various instruments used in nasal surgical procedures. A must r... more This video lecture discusses the various instruments used in nasal surgical procedures. A must read before board exams. 6 views
This video lecture discusses the topic "Role of X-rays in Otolaryngology". A must view before ta... more This video lecture discusses the topic "Role of X-rays in Otolaryngology". A must view before taking up board exams. 9 views
Papers by Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jun 19, 2017
Springer eBooks, Nov 21, 2008
A SDCSS é uma doença rara (pouco estudo no Brasil) e que em primeiro aspecto, em 1998 por Minor e... more A SDCSS é uma doença rara (pouco estudo no Brasil) e que em primeiro aspecto, em 1998 por Minor et al.foi descrita como uma degradação da camada óssea responsável por revestir o canal semicircular superior. Está diretamente correlacionada a sintomas vestibulares e alguns pacientes podem apresentar quadros de eufonia e perda auditiva. É válido ressaltar que ainda não se conhece a etiopatologia da doença peculiaridade da síndrome em questão. Em contrapartida, há hipóteses que acreditam que o erro ocorreria durante o desenvolvimento da camada óssea que recobre o canal semicircular. Como diagnóstico, entende-se que o exame clínico é de suma importância, pelo fato dos exames estipulados como padrão ouro não serem capazes de expor alterações significativas. Quando ocorre uma suspeita, os indivíduos devem ser submetidos ao protocolo da avaliação com os testes estudados, para ser feita a confirmação da HD (hipótese diagnóstica). Por fim, entende-se que SDCSS dever ser incluída entre as causas de vertigem como de hipoacusia de transmissão e embora seja uma alteração incomum, há diversos aspectos fisiopatológicos ainda não escritos. Possui a vantagem de serem evitadas abordagens terapêuticas inapropriadas. (Minor et al, 2001) Palavras-chaves: Síndrome de Deiscência do Canal Semicircular Superior, canal semicircular superior, degradação da camada óssea, sintomas vestibulares, protocolo da avaliação, causas de vertigem, abordagens terapêuticas inapropriadas.
Online journal of otolaryngology, 2011
Para pharyngeal space tumors , most of them benign, account for some 0.5% of tumors of head & nec... more Para pharyngeal space tumors , most of them benign, account for some 0.5% of tumors of head & neck. The importance of these tumors lie mainly in two aspects-on the one hand, the difficulty of early diagnosis & on the other hand the extreme complications of performing surgery in Para pharyngeal region. This article discusses a clinical case of recurrent para pharyngeal tumor. A 32 yr old man presented with a recurrent left side neck swelling,4cm in diameter,which was subsequently confirmed as schwannoma by FNAC. Para pharyngeal tumor was successfully removed by mandibular swing approach & excision technique. His post operative course was uneventful & the pre operative clinical symptoms such as dysphagia & dysphnea completely resolved after surgery.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jun 19, 2017
Myringoplasty is commonly done under microscopy. This article discusses the experience of the aut... more Myringoplasty is commonly done under microscopy. This article discusses the experience of the authors in performing myringoplasty using endoscope. Endoscope is being widely used to perform various surgeries. Endoscopes are very useful while operating in cavities. In this study authors report their results of 50 myringoplasties performed using endoscope. This article reveals that results of myringoplasty performed using endoscope are more or less similar to that of myringoplasty performed using microscope 5 .
Otolaryngology online journal, 2011
Para pharyngeal space tumors , most of them benign, account for some 0.5% of tumors of head & nec... more Para pharyngeal space tumors , most of them benign, account for some 0.5% of tumors of head & neck. The importance of these tumors lie mainly in two aspects-on the one hand, the difficulty of early diagnosis & on the other hand the extreme complications of performing surgery in Para pharyngeal region. This article discusses a clinical case of recurrent para pharyngeal tumor. A 32 yr old man presented with a recurrent left side neck swelling,4cm in diameter,which was subsequently confirmed as schwannoma by FNAC. Para pharyngeal tumor was successfully removed by mandibular swing approach & excision technique. His post operative course was uneventful & the pre operative clinical symptoms such as dysphagia & dysphnea completely resolved after surgery.
Diseases of the Middle Ear
CRC Press eBooks, Oct 14, 2016
Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhoes An Overview
Sorry, before using webmedcentral.. You need to have javaScript activated in your web browser. Pl... more Sorry, before using webmedcentral.. You need to have javaScript activated in your web browser. Please activate JavaScript and reload this page. Click here to learn how to enable Javascript. Open Access Biomedical Publisher Using Post Publication Peer Review. ...
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 15, 2014
The term coblation is derived from "Controlled ablation". This procedure involves non-heat driven... more The term coblation is derived from "Controlled ablation". This procedure involves non-heat driven process of soft tissue dissolution using bipolar radiofrequency energy under a conductive medium like normal saline. When current from radiofrequency probe pass through saline medium it breaks saline into sodium and chloride ions. These highly energized ions form a plasma field which is sufficiently strong to break organic molecular bonds within soft tissue causing its dissolution. This article attempts to provide a broad overview of the technology and its uses in the field of otolaryngology.
Otolaryngology online journal, Aug 25, 2013
Ophthalmalogical manifestations of allergic fungal sinusitis are rather uncommon. If not identifi... more Ophthalmalogical manifestations of allergic fungal sinusitis are rather uncommon. If not identified and managed properly this could lead to disastrous consequences including blindness. This is a retrospective study involving 20 cases of allergic fungal sinusitis presented at Stanley Medical College hospital during 2009-2011. This study reveals that the commonest opthalmological manifestation was proptosis. Other ophthalmic manifestations in the descending order of frequency included epiphora, diplopia, opthalmoplegia and complete loss of vision. CT imaging from these patients revealed that all patients with orbital manifestations had erosion of lamina papyracea.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2011
Lingual thyroid is an uncommon congenital disorder of thyroid gland development, resulting in a l... more Lingual thyroid is an uncommon congenital disorder of thyroid gland development, resulting in a lack of descend of the gland from foramen caecum to its normal prelaryngeal location. In this paper we discuss a series of cases of ectopic thyroid gland its incidence, clinical presentation, sex ratio, age group, endocrine status, radiological features and appropriate surgical approaches.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Feb 6, 2012
This article dwells in depth about the role of otoendoscopy 1 in diagnosis of middle ear disorder... more This article dwells in depth about the role of otoendoscopy 1 in diagnosis of middle ear disorders. Middle ear diseases were diagnosed by performing routine otomicroscopic examination using an operating microscope. With the advent of nasal endoscopes, and the steep learning curve of one handed manipulation of surgical instruments conquered, otolaryngologists have started using endoscopes to diagnose middle ear disorders. This article discusses the authors experience in otoendoscopy. Advent of endoscopes have revolutionized diagnosis and treatment of various disorders. Otology is no exception to it. Otoendoscopes are rigid endoscopes which have been used for diagnostic purposes in the field of otology. This procedure of otoendoscopy was first described by Mer et al 2. Commonly used otoendoscopes include: 1. 1.7 mm 0 degree otoendoscope 2. 1.7 mm 30 degrees otoendoscope Author prefers to use the nasal endoscope itself for otological diagnostic purposes. The advantages being the obvious optimization of instrument usage. Advantages of using rigid endoscopes to perform otological examinations: 1. The entire ear drum can be clearly visualized with minimal manipulation 2. The image produced is of excellent resolution hence photographing these images provide
Otolaryngology online journal, 2015
Reporting a case of non-cardiac surgical management of a HCV positive patient with implanted card... more Reporting a case of non-cardiac surgical management of a HCV positive patient with implanted cardiac device. Discussing patient monitoring, endonasal surgical management of dacrocystitis and expected complications during intra operative & post-operative period. Preventing these complications by taking proper precautionary steps.. * Cover all cuts and abrasions with waterproof dressings * Do not pass sharps hand to hand * Do not use hand needles * Do not guide needles with fingers * Do not resheath needles * Dispose of all sharps safely into approved containers * Put disposables and waste into yellow clinical waste bags for incineration Drtbalu's Otolaryngology online Additional precautions when caring for known HIV and hepatitis B virus positive and high risk patients * Consider non-operative management * Remove unnecessary equipment from theatre * Observe highest level of theatre discipline * Have only experienced surgeons and health care workers in theatre * Use: double glove, high efficiency masks, eye protection, boots, impervious gowns, closed wound drainage * Use disposable anaesthetic circuitry or appropriate method of decontamination * Disinfect theatre floor with hypochlorite CONCLUSION: Among all the other highrisk comorbidities, Pacemaker patients can be managed confidently by detailed evaluation and taking all the above discussed precautions peri-operatively.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jun 19, 2017
Endoscopic sinus surgery which is the commonly performed nasal surgery has its own problems if no... more Endoscopic sinus surgery which is the commonly performed nasal surgery has its own problems if not performed properly. Success of maxillary sinus antrostomy depends on including the natural ostium to the antrostomy. For this to occur the natural ostium should be identified during the surgical procedure. Common cause of failure in endoscopic sinus surgery is the failure to address the uncinate process. In all cases it should be removed completely before proceeding further.
Malingering is common these days with liberal workmen compensation act. Lots of concessions are g... more Malingering is common these days with liberal workmen compensation act. Lots of concessions are given to physically challenged these days. It is our duty to ensure that these incentives reach the deserving. In order to identify the beneficiaries we should weed out malingerers. Fortunately there are various tests which can be performed to weed them out. This article is a treatise of how to identify malingerers. It enumerates various bed side tests, tuning fork tests and objective tests to identify non organic hearing loss.
Carhart's notch is classically seen as a dip centered around 2 kHz range of bone conduction curve... more Carhart's notch is classically seen as a dip centered around 2 kHz range of bone conduction curve audiometery. This feature is seen in patients with otosclerosis. This article attempts to discuss why this dip is caused in the bone conduction audiometry curve in these patients.
Otolaryngology online journal, 2012
Myringoplasty is commonly done under microscopy. This article discusses the experience of the aut... more Myringoplasty is commonly done under microscopy. This article discusses the experience of the authors in performing myringoplasty using endoscope. Endoscope is being widely used to perform various surgeries. Endoscopes are very useful while operating in cavities. In this study authors report their results of 50 myringoplasties performed using endoscope. This article reveals that results of myringoplasty performed using endoscope are more or less similar to that of myringoplasty performed using microscope 5 .
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jun 19, 2017
Orbital decompression surgery has been indicated in patients with compressive optic neuropathy, s... more Orbital decompression surgery has been indicated in patients with compressive optic neuropathy, severe corneal exposure, cosmetic deformity due to proptosis. Traditional orbital decompression approaches were fraught with complications. With the advent of nasal endoscopes decompression is being carried out transnasally under endoscopic guidance. The entire medial wall of orbit can be taken down transnasally using nasal endoscope, and the inferior wall of orbit can be removed using the same approach. Currently endoscopic orbital decompression is being preformed commonly with very minimal complications. The aim of this paper is to review the current literature on the subject.
Eosinophilic otitis media is actually a recent introduction. These patients may manifest with sud... more Eosinophilic otitis media is actually a recent introduction. These patients may manifest with sudden hearing loss. There may be associated bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Diagnostic criteria of this condition are rather vague. A review of literature shows that demonstration of eosinophils in the middle ear secretion of these patients could be considered to be pathognomonic of this condition. This record was migrated from the OpenDepot repository service in June, 2017 before shutting down.
Nasal polyposis in children
This article discusses various causative factors of nasal polyposis in children. It is a review o... more This article discusses various causative factors of nasal polyposis in children. It is a review of literature on this subject, supplemented by the author's personal experience. Even though nasal polyposis is rather uncommon in children, when present they should be throughly investigated to rule out other sinister lesions. Imaging has a vital role to play in diagnosis of these patients. Antrochonal polyp is currently the commonest nasal polyp seen in children. Introduction: Studies reveal that eventhough nasal obstruction and discharge are common in children, nasal polyposis 1 is rather uncommon. Majority of nasal polypi in children are caused by infection and inflammation of nasal / sinus mucosal lining. Among the types of nasal polyposis seen in children about 1/3 of these patients have antrochoanal polyp . Causes of nasal polyposis in children: 1. Antrochoanal polyp 2. Inflammatory polyp 3. Polyp due to cystic fibrosis Antrochoanal polyp: Synonyms: Antrochoanal polyp, Killian&...
Online Journal of Otolaryngology, 2012
Epistaxis defined as bleeding from the nose, one of the most common, most difficult to treat emer... more Epistaxis defined as bleeding from the nose, one of the most common, most difficult to treat emergency in otorhinolaryngology. In this article, we dealt with management of anterior epistaxis using Rigid nasal endoscopy and Bipolar diathermy with the aid of stax mallet splint that has its added advantage.
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Videos by Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Papers by Balasubramanian Thiagarajan