Permanent crewed Mars base by 2030 -- Outcomes of an interdisciplinary, multinational student workshop
2018 IAC, 2018
Indisputably, we live at the dawn of a novel space exploration era, with the space sector undergo... more Indisputably, we live at the dawn of a novel space exploration era, with the space sector undergoing significant changes. The International Space Station (ISS) is nearing the end of its lifespan and a competitive space industry is emerging. It is characterised by an ongoing redistribution of responsibilities between government agencies and private enterprise, with all stakeholders setting ambitious goals for future missions. Recently, interest in the next crewed space exploration mission has grown continuously. Driven by these developments, the Space Station Design Workshop (SSDW) 2017 in Stuttgart, Germany, posed the challenge to conduct the preliminary analysis and develop a viable proposal for the establishment of a permanent crewed space station in the vicinity of Mars by the year 2030. Two multinational, interdisciplinary teams of twenty students each were given one week to develop their own solutions and present them to experts from industry and academia. The authors, Team Blue, have outlined a design for a Mars surface station, called HUMANS2MARS. This proposal requires the development of mission-specific modules, while the launchers to be used include the foreseen state-of-the-art at the late 2020s, such as the Space Launch System from NASA and Falcon Heavy from SpaceX. Designing such a mission from scratch in one week posed great challenges, either innate in the technical and programmatic difficulties of the mission, or resulting from the time constraints and group dynamics of the project. The main technical challenges can be grouped into two sets. The first includes those related to mass and payload limitations of the mission and launching costs. The second consists of those related to the human element of the mission. Due to the hostile Martian environment, like the extreme radiation levels during transit and unexplored psychological pressure on the crew, the complexities associated with humans introduce significant uncertainties. Potential solutions to the problems discovered have been proposed and are presented in this paper-within the framework of a multicultural and interdisciplinary workshop. The major risks of the proposed mission are identified and possible mitigation strategies and backup scenarios are discussed, thus providing a starting point for future research and detailed studies. The complexity of the mission and nature of the SSDW require addressing a great variety of challenges under severe time constraints. A crucial factor in the success of this effort has been the multidisciplinary and diverse academic background of the participants. This enabled the team to overcome these numerous obstacles in often unconventional ways.
HYBRID INTERACTIVE SPACES: In Search of Merging Two Realities
The paper aims to research how physical and virtual spaces will create hybrid spaces in the futur... more The paper aims to research how physical and virtual spaces will create hybrid spaces in the future that we can interact with and how these spaces can offer users and designers new space possibilities while transforming existing spaces. The research focuses on the potential development of hybrid interactive spaces while asking the questions from space-making perspective, priorly how physical space will change when it is merged with virtual space and secondly the impacts of this merge on virtual spaces.
HYBRID INTERACTIVE SPACES: In Search of Merging Two Realities, 2019
The paper aims to research how physical and virtual spaces will create hybrid spaces in the futur... more The paper aims to research how physical and virtual spaces will create hybrid spaces in the future that we can interact with and how these spaces can offer users and designers new space possibilities while transforming existing spaces. The research focuses on the potential development of hybrid interactive spaces while asking the questions from space-making perspective, priorly how physical space will change when it is merged with virtual space and secondly the impacts of this merge on virtual spaces.
Indisputably, we live at the dawn of a novel space exploration era, with the space sector undergo... more Indisputably, we live at the dawn of a novel space exploration era, with the space sector undergoing significant changes. The International Space Station (ISS) is nearing the end of its lifespan and a competitive space industry is emerging. It is characterised by an ongoing redistribution of responsibilities between government agencies and private enterprise, with all stakeholders setting ambitious goals for future missions. Recently, interest in the next crewed space exploration mission has grown continuously. Driven by these developments, the Space Station Design Workshop (SSDW) 2017 in Stuttgart, Germany, posed the challenge to conduct the preliminary analysis and develop a viable proposal for the establishment of a permanent crewed space station in the vicinity of Mars by the year 2030. Two multinational, interdisciplinary teams of twenty students each were given one week to develop their own solutions and present them to experts from industry and academia. The authors, Team Blue, have outlined a design for a Mars surface station, called HUMANS2MARS. This proposal requires the development of mission-specific modules, while the launchers to be used include the foreseen state-of-the-art at the late 2020s, such as the Space Launch System from NASA and Falcon Heavy from SpaceX. Designing such a mission from scratch in one week posed great challenges, either innate in the technical and programmatic difficulties of the mission, or resulting from the time constraints and group dynamics of the project. The main technical challenges can be grouped into two sets. The first includes those related to mass and payload limitations of the mission and launching costs. The second consists of those related to the human element of the mission. Due to the hostile Martian environment, like the extreme radiation levels during transit and unexplored psychological pressure on the crew, the complexities associated with humans introduce significant uncertainties. Potential solutions to the problems discovered have been proposed and are presented in this paper-within the framework of a multicultural and interdisciplinary workshop. The major risks of the proposed mission are identified and possible mitigation strategies and backup scenarios are discussed, thus providing a starting point for future research and detailed studies. The complexity of the mission and nature of the SSDW require addressing a great variety of challenges under severe time constraints. A crucial factor in the success of this effort has been the multidisciplinary and diverse academic background of the participants. This enabled the team to overcome these numerous obstacles in often unconventional ways.
The text "The Complication of Type" is located in 158-161st pages of the book "Typological Format... more The text "The Complication of Type" is located in 158-161st pages of the book "Typological Formations: Renewable Building Types and the City" which is edited by Christopher C. M. Lee and Sam Jacoby. "The Complication of Type" starts with mentioning that architecture and urbanism are getting closer every passing day both in practice and teaching programmes. However, as the text explains, there are basically two different opinions about the relation between architecture and urban design. Some people see it in a way that imagining the urban as a continuation of architecture on an extended scale as some people see it as continuity on a terrain of quantity or extension. According to text, the second way of thinking is problematic and is an unfortunate hangover from the 1960s, which brought typology and the city together in a critique of modernism.
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