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Fig. 7. Streamlines (left) and isotherms (right) contours for the cavity filled with Cu-water nanofluid (solid lines) and pure water (dash lines) at differer solid volume fractions (Re = 100, Ri = 20, D = 0.2, «1; = ¢2 = 0.2).

Figure 7 Streamlines (left) and isotherms (right) contours for the cavity filled with Cu-water nanofluid (solid lines) and pure water (dash lines) at differer solid volume fractions (Re = 100, Ri = 20, D = 0.2, «1; = ¢2 = 0.2).

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where the effective density at the reference temperature, the thermal diffusivity, the heat capacitance and the thermal expansion coefficient of the nanofluid are written as follows [13]:
where the effective density at the reference temperature, the thermal diffusivity, the heat capacitance and the thermal expansion coefficient of the nanofluid are written as follows [13]:
Thermo-physical properties of water, copper, silver, alumina and titanium. Table 1
Thermo-physical properties of water, copper, silver, alumina and titanium. Table 1
Result of grid independence examination (Cu-water, Ri = 20, Re = 100, @ = 0.2). Table 2
Result of grid independence examination (Cu-water, Ri = 20, Re = 100, @ = 0.2). Table 2
Comparison of the present results with those of Ref. [35-39]. Table 3
Comparison of the present results with those of Ref. [35-39]. Table 3
Comparisons of Nusselt number obtained in this study with those of References [40-41] (Ra = 10°, p =0.1, B=0.4, D=0.5). Table 4
Comparisons of Nusselt number obtained in this study with those of References [40-41] (Ra = 10°, p =0.1, B=0.4, D=0.5). Table 4
Fig. 2. Streamlines (left) and isotherms (right) contours for Cu-water filled cavity at different Reynolds numbers (Ri = 20, @ = 0.2, D = 0.2, & = e2 = 0.2).
Fig. 2. Streamlines (left) and isotherms (right) contours for Cu-water filled cavity at different Reynolds numbers (Ri = 20, @ = 0.2, D = 0.2, & = e2 = 0.2).
Fig. 3. Streamlines (left) and isotherms (right) contours for Cu-water filled cavity at different Richardson numbers (Re = 100, @ = 0.2, D = 0.2, ¢; =e. = 0.2
Fig. 3. Streamlines (left) and isotherms (right) contours for Cu-water filled cavity at different Richardson numbers (Re = 100, @ = 0.2, D = 0.2, ¢; =e. = 0.2
Fig. 4. Variation of average Nusselt number with respect to Richardson number and volume fraction of nanoparticles for different values of Reynold numbers.
Fig. 4. Variation of average Nusselt number with respect to Richardson number and volume fraction of nanoparticles for different values of Reynold numbers.
Fig. 5. Streamlines (left) and isotherms (right) contours for Cu-water filled cavity at different heat sources locations (Re = 100, Ri = 20, @ = 0.2, ¢1 = &2 = 0.2).
Fig. 5. Streamlines (left) and isotherms (right) contours for Cu-water filled cavity at different heat sources locations (Re = 100, Ri = 20, @ = 0.2, ¢1 = &2 = 0.2).
Fig. 6. Variation of average Nusselt number with two heat sources location at various solid volume fractions (Re = 100, Ri = 20, ¢1 = ¢2 = 0.2 Fig. 4 displays the variation of average Nusselt number along the two heat sources with respect to Richardson number and volume fraction of nanoparticles for different values of Reynolds numbers. As is clearly demonstrated, the addition of nanoparticles suspension to pure water has a significant effect on the heat transfer characteristics. In fact, increasing the vol- ume fraction of nanoparticles suspension at constant Reynolds and Richardson numbers, the heat transfer rate from heat
Fig. 6. Variation of average Nusselt number with two heat sources location at various solid volume fractions (Re = 100, Ri = 20, ¢1 = ¢2 = 0.2 Fig. 4 displays the variation of average Nusselt number along the two heat sources with respect to Richardson number and volume fraction of nanoparticles for different values of Reynolds numbers. As is clearly demonstrated, the addition of nanoparticles suspension to pure water has a significant effect on the heat transfer characteristics. In fact, increasing the vol- ume fraction of nanoparticles suspension at constant Reynolds and Richardson numbers, the heat transfer rate from heat
Numerical values of average Nusselt number through the two heat sources for different nanofluids at different Richardson numbers and solid volume fraction (Re = 100, D = 0.2, «1 = ¢2 = 0.2).
Numerical values of average Nusselt number through the two heat sources for different nanofluids at different Richardson numbers and solid volume fraction (Re = 100, D = 0.2, «1 = ¢2 = 0.2).
Percentage of heat transfer rate increase for different nanofluids with respect to pure water at different Richardson numbers and solid volume fractions (Re = 100, D = 0.2, ¢ = 0.2).
Percentage of heat transfer rate increase for different nanofluids with respect to pure water at different Richardson numbers and solid volume fractions (Re = 100, D = 0.2, ¢ = 0.2).
Related topics:
Applied MathematicsNumerical SimulationsFinite Volume MethodsMixed ConvectionNanofluid Heat TransferApplied Mathematical ModellingFinite Volume Method
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