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Figure 2. Index of dissimilarity (D) between the top and bottom of the social groups, 2001 and 2011.  Source: Szymon Marciriczak, Sako Musterd, Maarten van Ham, and Tiit Tammaru Madrid, Tallinn, London, Budapest, Vilnius, Athens, Prague, Riga—managers and elementary occupations  Amsterdam, Oslo, Stockholm—highest and lowest income quintile Vienna—university degree and compulsory education  * Metropolitan region, **city.

Figure 2 Index of dissimilarity (D) between the top and bottom of the social groups, 2001 and 2011. Source: Szymon Marciriczak, Sako Musterd, Maarten van Ham, and Tiit Tammaru Madrid, Tallinn, London, Budapest, Vilnius, Athens, Prague, Riga—managers and elementary occupations Amsterdam, Oslo, Stockholm—highest and lowest income quintile Vienna—university degree and compulsory education * Metropolitan region, **city.