Academia.eduAcademia.edu

Figure 1 – uploaded by Muhammad Athar

See full PDFdownloadDownload figure
Figure 1. Framework for integrated safety and optimization scheme. Estimation of flammable mass

Figure 1 Framework for integrated safety and optimization scheme. Estimation of flammable mass

Related Figures (6)

Although these critical streams except Product Ammonia are well below unacceptable values, inherent safety guide word moderation is applied, such that the risk can be minimized to acceptable values. Moderation guide word is combined with process conditions. Iteration method has been used for moderation of process conditions. A fter each iteration, risk estimation is performed to see the effect on risk of these streams. The
Although these critical streams except Product Ammonia are well below unacceptable values, inherent safety guide word moderation is applied, such that the risk can be minimized to acceptable values. Moderation guide word is combined with process conditions. Iteration method has been used for moderation of process conditions. A fter each iteration, risk estimation is performed to see the effect on risk of these streams. The
Table 2. Initial and final process conditions for critical streams. After the iterations, the risk for critical streams is still in the tolerable region, however, the magnitude and effects are reduced. The mass released and the radiation intensity of for these streams is reduced up to 25 %. The frequency of the ignition of mixtures in process pipes is already very less. So, to obtain the acceptable risk, radiation intensity needs to be reduced up to 61 %, while the process conditions for such reduced level of fire intensity are not practically possible based on the reaction kinetics.
Table 2. Initial and final process conditions for critical streams. After the iterations, the risk for critical streams is still in the tolerable region, however, the magnitude and effects are reduced. The mass released and the radiation intensity of for these streams is reduced up to 25 %. The frequency of the ignition of mixtures in process pipes is already very less. So, to obtain the acceptable risk, radiation intensity needs to be reduced up to 61 %, while the process conditions for such reduced level of fire intensity are not practically possible based on the reaction kinetics.
Related topics:
Multiobjective OptimizationRisk Assessment & Risk ManagementChemical Process SafetyProcess Safety EngineeringInherent Safety
580 California St., Suite 400
San Francisco, CA, 94104
© 2025 Academia. All rights reserved