Academia.eduAcademia.edu

Figure 7 – uploaded by William Krupke

See full PDFdownloadDownload figure
Fig. 7. Absorption cross section =) and normalized emission cross section (- - -) of Cr+ in GSGG at 295 K.

Figure 7 Absorption cross section =) and normalized emission cross section (- - -) of Cr+ in GSGG at 295 K.

Related Figures (16)

Table 1. Measured and Calculated Line Strengths of Nd** in GSGG (All Transitions Are from the 4Ig/. J Manifold to the J Manifold Indicated)
Table 1. Measured and Calculated Line Strengths of Nd** in GSGG (All Transitions Are from the 4Ig/. J Manifold to the J Manifold Indicated)
Fig. 1. Spectral absorption cross section of Nd°+ in GSGG at 296 K.
Fig. 1. Spectral absorption cross section of Nd°+ in GSGG at 296 K.
Fig. 3. 4F 3/2 > 4Iy1/2 spectral emission cross section (normalized) of Nd?* in GSGG at 295 K. Fig. 2. 4F3/. — 41/2 spectral emission cross section (normalized) of Nd?* in GSGG at 295 K.
Fig. 3. 4F 3/2 > 4Iy1/2 spectral emission cross section (normalized) of Nd?* in GSGG at 295 K. Fig. 2. 4F3/. — 41/2 spectral emission cross section (normalized) of Nd?* in GSGG at 295 K.
Table 2. Judd—Ofelt Parameters and Predicted Optical Properties of Nd°+ in GSGG excite the sample (that used for absorption measurements) ‘with light having wavelengths shorter than 700 nm. The fluorescence was chopped and dispersed by a 0.3-m McPher- son 318 monochrometer and detected using a Hammamatsu PbS cell and associated electronics. To minimize the effect of reabsorption on the 4F'3/2 —> 49/2 fluorescence spectrum, a portion of the sample was ground to a thickness of 60 wm. The spectra are fully corrected for the spectral intensity response of the detection system.
Table 2. Judd—Ofelt Parameters and Predicted Optical Properties of Nd°+ in GSGG excite the sample (that used for absorption measurements) ‘with light having wavelengths shorter than 700 nm. The fluorescence was chopped and dispersed by a 0.3-m McPher- son 318 monochrometer and detected using a Hammamatsu PbS cell and associated electronics. To minimize the effect of reabsorption on the 4F'3/2 —> 49/2 fluorescence spectrum, a portion of the sample was ground to a thickness of 60 wm. The spectra are fully corrected for the spectral intensity response of the detection system.
Fig. 4. IF 50 ~> 4T13/¢ spectral emission cross section (normalized) of Nd3* in GSGG at 295 K.
Fig. 4. IF 50 ~> 4T13/¢ spectral emission cross section (normalized) of Nd3* in GSGG at 295 K.
where the total population density of the 4F3/. manifold, N(4F%3/2), is equal to the sum of the population densities of the R; and Ry, Stark levels, N(R1) + N(Rs). In thermal
where the total population density of the 4F3/. manifold, N(4F%3/2), is equal to the sum of the population densities of the R; and Ry, Stark levels, N(R1) + N(Rs). In thermal
Table 3. Principal Intermanifold and Inter-Stark Peak Transition Cross Sections of Nd:GSGG; Selected Peak Cross Section of Nd:YAG equilibrium, N(4F 3/2) and N(R) and N(R) are related by the Boltzmann distribution
Table 3. Principal Intermanifold and Inter-Stark Peak Transition Cross Sections of Nd:GSGG; Selected Peak Cross Section of Nd:YAG equilibrium, N(4F 3/2) and N(R) and N(R) are related by the Boltzmann distribution
Se | LESSEE SAE Eres AR ES. Sere ate Fig. 5. Concentration dependence of ihe exponential fluorescence lifetime of Nd3+ in GSGG at 295 K. The solid line is a theoretical fit to the data.
Se | LESSEE SAE Eres AR ES. Sere ate Fig. 5. Concentration dependence of ihe exponential fluorescence lifetime of Nd3+ in GSGG at 295 K. The solid line is a theoretical fit to the data.
Fig. 6. Concentration dependence of the nonradiative decay rate p™ of Nd3+ in GSGG at 295 K. The solid line is a theoretical fit to the data.
Fig. 6. Concentration dependence of the nonradiative decay rate p™ of Nd3+ in GSGG at 295 K. The solid line is a theoretical fit to the data.
Table 4. Refractive Indices of GSGG
Table 4. Refractive Indices of GSGG
Table 5. Piezo-optic Constants (10-!2 Pa!) and Elasto-Optic Constants (dimensionless) of GSGG (Measured at 632.8 nm) 2 Error represents one standard deviation or 2% estimated accuracy, whicl ever is larger. b In Ref. 46, p44 was miswritten as —0.66.
Table 5. Piezo-optic Constants (10-!2 Pa!) and Elasto-Optic Constants (dimensionless) of GSGG (Measured at 632.8 nm) 2 Error represents one standard deviation or 2% estimated accuracy, whicl ever is larger. b In Ref. 46, p44 was miswritten as —0.66.
Table 7. Fracture Toughness of GSGG * DC is direct crack measurement,** S is strength method,5” MS is modified strength method,®8 and DCB is double-cantilever beam.®8
Table 7. Fracture Toughness of GSGG * DC is direct crack measurement,** S is strength method,5” MS is modified strength method,®8 and DCB is double-cantilever beam.®8
Table 6. Strength of GSGG* 4 The edge length exposed to maximum tension in these specimens is 4 cm. of is the mean strength, and SD is the standard deviation. The last two columns give the values for the strongest and weakest specimens in each group.
Table 6. Strength of GSGG* 4 The edge length exposed to maximum tension in these specimens is 4 cm. of is the mean strength, and SD is the standard deviation. The last two columns give the values for the strongest and weakest specimens in each group.
Table 8. Measured Acoustical Velocities and Their Associated Elastic Constants for GSGG at 21°C; Density Is 6.4391 g/cm? A, is measured from which the thermal conductivity, x, can be calculated using x-ray methods. Two prisms were cut such that they had (111), (211), (011) and (100), (O11), (011) orthogonal faces. The product of the squares of the elastic-wave velocities and the density (determined by Archimedes method to be 6.4391 + 0.0004 g/cm) give various combinations of the elastic constants.62 The results (Table 8) are Cy, = 277.4, Cy. = 104.9, and C44 = 80.36 GPa; values of Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio are calculated as (HZ) = 212 GPa and (v) = 0.28. Measurement redundancies from the two specimens permit the internal consistency to be assessed. This error, due principally to sample heterogeneity, is less than 0.1% for all constants. The high degree of crystal symmetry in GSGG is reflected by an anisotropy factor, A = 2Cy/(Cy — Ciz) close to unity. The value of A = 0.982 for GSGG is typical for the garnets.
Table 8. Measured Acoustical Velocities and Their Associated Elastic Constants for GSGG at 21°C; Density Is 6.4391 g/cm? A, is measured from which the thermal conductivity, x, can be calculated using x-ray methods. Two prisms were cut such that they had (111), (211), (011) and (100), (O11), (011) orthogonal faces. The product of the squares of the elastic-wave velocities and the density (determined by Archimedes method to be 6.4391 + 0.0004 g/cm) give various combinations of the elastic constants.62 The results (Table 8) are Cy, = 277.4, Cy. = 104.9, and C44 = 80.36 GPa; values of Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio are calculated as (HZ) = 212 GPa and (v) = 0.28. Measurement redundancies from the two specimens permit the internal consistency to be assessed. This error, due principally to sample heterogeneity, is less than 0.1% for all constants. The high degree of crystal symmetry in GSGG is reflected by an anisotropy factor, A = 2Cy/(Cy — Ciz) close to unity. The value of A = 0.982 for GSGG is typical for the garnets.
Table 9. Thermal Conductivity of Garnets at 20°C @ NP, nominally pure. > Values in parentheses are from Ref. 46. ¢ Calculated from data in Ref. 46, using Eq. (29)
Table 9. Thermal Conductivity of Garnets at 20°C @ NP, nominally pure. > Values in parentheses are from Ref. 46. ¢ Calculated from data in Ref. 46, using Eq. (29)
Table 10. Thermal-Stress-Resistance Values of Laser Materials 2 Fracture toughness, MPa,/m, of the weakest plane. » Historically fracture data have been unreliable for comparative purposes because the measured strengths depend on surface condition and test variables.*> We chose fracture toughness as a basis for comparison such that the parameters that make up Rr would all be intrinsic material properties. For illustrative purposes we converted K, to an estimated strength using Eq. (28) and a flaw size of 2a = 50 um, with the exception of strengthened GSGG, in which case we took an actual mea- sured strength average of 2320 MPa for acid-etched GSGG (Table 6). ¢ Strengthened.
Table 10. Thermal-Stress-Resistance Values of Laser Materials 2 Fracture toughness, MPa,/m, of the weakest plane. » Historically fracture data have been unreliable for comparative purposes because the measured strengths depend on surface condition and test variables.*> We chose fracture toughness as a basis for comparison such that the parameters that make up Rr would all be intrinsic material properties. For illustrative purposes we converted K, to an estimated strength using Eq. (28) and a flaw size of 2a = 50 um, with the exception of strengthened GSGG, in which case we took an actual mea- sured strength average of 2320 MPa for acid-etched GSGG (Table 6). ¢ Strengthened.
Related topics:
Applied MathematicsOpticsMedical ImagingFiber OpticsIon ImplantationOptical physicsElectrical and Electronic Engineering
580 California St., Suite 400
San Francisco, CA, 94104
© 2025 Academia. All rights reserved