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however, its derivate was detected at high quantities (Lee et al., 2001). Xue et al. (2017) also reported the dealkylation of styrene, due to the delay in evaporation inside the reactor, which may lead to an enhanced reforming process and result in the production of 2000). Furthermore, silica-alumina catalysts do not have strong Bronsted acidic sites, though it may not improve the cross- linking reaction but favor the hydrogenation process. Thus, it may be the reason that styrene was not found in the liquid oil,

Figure 5 however, its derivate was detected at high quantities (Lee et al., 2001). Xue et al. (2017) also reported the dealkylation of styrene, due to the delay in evaporation inside the reactor, which may lead to an enhanced reforming process and result in the production of 2000). Furthermore, silica-alumina catalysts do not have strong Bronsted acidic sites, though it may not improve the cross- linking reaction but favor the hydrogenation process. Thus, it may be the reason that styrene was not found in the liquid oil,

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TABLE 1 | Experimental scheme.
TABLE 1 | Experimental scheme.
FIGURE 1 | Small pilot scale pyrolysis reactor (Miandad et al., 2016b).
FIGURE 1 | Small pilot scale pyrolysis reactor (Miandad et al., 2016b).
FIGURE 2 | Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PS, PE, PP, and PET plastic waste.
FIGURE 2 | Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PS, PE, PP, and PET plastic waste.
FIGURE 3 | Effect of TA-NZ and AA-NZ on the pyrolysis product yield.
FIGURE 3 | Effect of TA-NZ and AA-NZ on the pyrolysis product yield.
FIGURE 4 | (A,B) GC-MS of liquid oil produced from different types of plastic waste with TA-NZ.
FIGURE 4 | (A,B) GC-MS of liquid oil produced from different types of plastic waste with TA-NZ.
The residue (char) left after the pyrolysis process can be utilized for several environmental applications. Several researchers activated the char via steam and thermal activation (Lopez et al., 2009; Heras et al., 2014). The activation process increased the BET surface area and reduced the pore size of the char (Lopez et al., 2009). Furthermore, Bernando (2011)
The residue (char) left after the pyrolysis process can be utilized for several environmental applications. Several researchers activated the char via steam and thermal activation (Lopez et al., 2009; Heras et al., 2014). The activation process increased the BET surface area and reduced the pore size of the char (Lopez et al., 2009). Furthermore, Bernando (2011)
FIGURE 5 | (A,B) GC-MS of liquid oil produced from different types of plastic waste with AA-NZ.
FIGURE 5 | (A,B) GC-MS of liquid oil produced from different types of plastic waste with AA-NZ.
FIGURE 6 | FT-IR analysis of liquid oil produced from catalytic pyrolysis with TA-NZ.
FIGURE 6 | FT-IR analysis of liquid oil produced from catalytic pyrolysis with TA-NZ.
FIGURE 7 | FT-IR analysis of liquid oil produced from catalytic pyrolysis with AA-NZ.
FIGURE 7 | FT-IR analysis of liquid oil produced from catalytic pyrolysis with AA-NZ.
TABLE 2 | High Heating Values (HHV) of pyrolysis oil from various feedstocks using TA-NZ and AA-NZ catalysts.
TABLE 2 | High Heating Values (HHV) of pyrolysis oil from various feedstocks using TA-NZ and AA-NZ catalysts.
Related topics:
Environmental EngineeringChemical EngineeringEnvironmental ScienceEnvironmental EducationRenewable EnergyEnvironmental StudiesMunicipal Solid Waste ManagementWaste-to-EnergyEnergy and EnvironmentEnvironmental Sustainability
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