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Figure 3. Development of Liverpool hotel (surrounded by red circle) since 1903 to 1907. It was officially opened in 1913, and afterwards, its branches in Alexandria, Mansoura, Tanta and all the governorates of Egypt were opened until it reached 72 branches in 1961. After the 1952 revolution, all the branches were transformed into the ownership and management of the public sector in what was called nationalization®.

Figure 3 Development of Liverpool hotel (surrounded by red circle) since 1903 to 1907. It was officially opened in 1913, and afterwards, its branches in Alexandria, Mansoura, Tanta and all the governorates of Egypt were opened until it reached 72 branches in 1961. After the 1952 revolution, all the branches were transformed into the ownership and management of the public sector in what was called nationalization®.

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Samaan Sednaoui was the owner of a small shop in El-Azhar area. After his elder brother, Salem, had arrived to Egypt and participated in the shop, their trade expanded more. Therefore, they decided to transform the small shop into a large building with architectural design similar to “Galeries Lafayette’ in Paris and called it after their family name: Sednaoui, and because it was located in El-Khazendar square, it was known as Sednaoui El-Khazendar®’ Figure 1. Figurel. Sednaou Et-khazendar from outside showing main entrance (left) and from inside showin; entrance hall, upper floors and central skylight (right). Sednaoui El-Khazendar History and Description current study focuses on the surroundings of the building. This building is located near one of Cairo’s most crowded squares nowadays, Attaba Square. The building’s surroundings are currently suffering from a number of problems. The most noticed ones are the heavy spread of street vendors around it and the high levels of noise pollution and traffic. The study was based on site visits, as well as a survey investigating the opinion of street vendors, the residents, and the visitors in order to identify the real problems and find practical solutions to achieve the desired improvement for the surroundings of this important historical building.
Samaan Sednaoui was the owner of a small shop in El-Azhar area. After his elder brother, Salem, had arrived to Egypt and participated in the shop, their trade expanded more. Therefore, they decided to transform the small shop into a large building with architectural design similar to “Galeries Lafayette’ in Paris and called it after their family name: Sednaoui, and because it was located in El-Khazendar square, it was known as Sednaoui El-Khazendar®’ Figure 1. Figurel. Sednaou Et-khazendar from outside showing main entrance (left) and from inside showin; entrance hall, upper floors and central skylight (right). Sednaoui El-Khazendar History and Description current study focuses on the surroundings of the building. This building is located near one of Cairo’s most crowded squares nowadays, Attaba Square. The building’s surroundings are currently suffering from a number of problems. The most noticed ones are the heavy spread of street vendors around it and the high levels of noise pollution and traffic. The study was based on site visits, as well as a survey investigating the opinion of street vendors, the residents, and the visitors in order to identify the real problems and find practical solutions to achieve the desired improvement for the surroundings of this important historical building.
Figure 2. Construction development of the area of Sednaou El-kazendar structure (surrounded by rea circle) since 1865 to 1902.
Figure 2. Construction development of the area of Sednaou El-kazendar structure (surrounded by rea circle) since 1865 to 1902.
Figure 4. Development of El-khazendar square and Sednaoui El-khazendar (surrounded by red circle)
Figure 4. Development of El-khazendar square and Sednaoui El-khazendar (surrounded by red circle)
The area on which Sednaoui building was built has undergone many changes. The palace of Nubar Basha (Minister of Finance of Khedive Ismail) was built in this area, which was later turned into the Khedivial Hotel and evolved over the years to become Liverpool hotel which was demolished in 1911 and Sednaoui El-Khazendar was built instead of it, Figures 2-4°. The building which was considered an architectural and commercial landmark in the 1920s is located in the heart of the commercial city around Al-Azbekiya Park. The building’s architecture belongs to the Baroque style which was employed in many other commercial buildings in Paris at that time. Sednaoui consists of a basement, a ground floor and three typical floors (first to third). It is composed of steel beams rested on steel columns. The floors are made of reinforced concrete. The outer walls are made from stone masonry. Its spacious wennntereednl lawned at Faw bed Ad on ential: f Bowe: 1 hl de Abo Hine elma bootie annertomeent plect neon dare Revie crime il
The area on which Sednaoui building was built has undergone many changes. The palace of Nubar Basha (Minister of Finance of Khedive Ismail) was built in this area, which was later turned into the Khedivial Hotel and evolved over the years to become Liverpool hotel which was demolished in 1911 and Sednaoui El-Khazendar was built instead of it, Figures 2-4°. The building which was considered an architectural and commercial landmark in the 1920s is located in the heart of the commercial city around Al-Azbekiya Park. The building’s architecture belongs to the Baroque style which was employed in many other commercial buildings in Paris at that time. Sednaoui consists of a basement, a ground floor and three typical floors (first to third). It is composed of steel beams rested on steel columns. The floors are made of reinforced concrete. The outer walls are made from stone masonry. Its spacious wennntereednl lawned at Faw bed Ad on ential: f Bowe: 1 hl de Abo Hine elma bootie annertomeent plect neon dare Revie crime il
Figure 6. (a) Map of the borders of the zone under study, and (b) Arial photo of the zone under study (adopted from Google maps).
Figure 6. (a) Map of the borders of the zone under study, and (b) Arial photo of the zone under study (adopted from Google maps).
Figure 7. The extensive commercaal activities and the spreading of street vendors and overcrowding tn the surroundings of Sednaout.
Figure 7. The extensive commercaal activities and the spreading of street vendors and overcrowding tn the surroundings of Sednaout.
Figure 8. Some culture and service buildings within the borders of the zone under study. In order to propose improvement for the region, a study of its condition was carried out. Since the problem of street vendors is the most influential one on the Sednaoui building, a survey was carried out in May 2017 for the number of street vendors in the area and the types of goods they sell and its presentation as shown in Table 1. It is clear from the widespread of street vendors in all streets around the building of Sednaoui that the goods are clothing, shoes, bags, electrical appliances, etc. The vendors’ presentation of goods relies on floor mattresses on the ground directly or hanging them on the walls of the gardens in the area or inside small kiosks.
Figure 8. Some culture and service buildings within the borders of the zone under study. In order to propose improvement for the region, a study of its condition was carried out. Since the problem of street vendors is the most influential one on the Sednaoui building, a survey was carried out in May 2017 for the number of street vendors in the area and the types of goods they sell and its presentation as shown in Table 1. It is clear from the widespread of street vendors in all streets around the building of Sednaoui that the goods are clothing, shoes, bags, electrical appliances, etc. The vendors’ presentation of goods relies on floor mattresses on the ground directly or hanging them on the walls of the gardens in the area or inside small kiosks.
Figure 9. Historicaland modern structures and squares in the surroundings of Sednaout. or inside small kiosks. In addition, a survey was done for the opinion of the residents of the region, visitors and street vendors to identify their point of view concerning their problems and their suggestions for improvement. The results are summarized in Table 2. The table shows the important role of street vendors in explaining the various problems related to the region. In addition, a set of initial suggestions were presented to solve these problems and through the survey with the people of the region, as shown in Table 3, the criticisms to these proposals were obtained.
Figure 9. Historicaland modern structures and squares in the surroundings of Sednaout. or inside small kiosks. In addition, a survey was done for the opinion of the residents of the region, visitors and street vendors to identify their point of view concerning their problems and their suggestions for improvement. The results are summarized in Table 2. The table shows the important role of street vendors in explaining the various problems related to the region. In addition, a set of initial suggestions were presented to solve these problems and through the survey with the people of the region, as shown in Table 3, the criticisms to these proposals were obtained.
Table 1. Survey of the number of street vendors, the areas they occupy, types of goods and the way of presentation.
Table 1. Survey of the number of street vendors, the areas they occupy, types of goods and the way of presentation.
Table 2. Survey of the opinions of the street vendors, the residents, the visitors and the shops’ sellers about the region’s problems and reasons
Table 2. Survey of the opinions of the street vendors, the residents, the visitors and the shops’ sellers about the region’s problems and reasons
Table 3. Survey of the opinions of the street vendors, the residents, the visitors anc the shops’ sellers in the proposal to solve the problems of the region A Proposal for the improvement of the surroundings of Sednaoui
Table 3. Survey of the opinions of the street vendors, the residents, the visitors anc the shops’ sellers in the proposal to solve the problems of the region A Proposal for the improvement of the surroundings of Sednaoui
Figure! 0. Outlines of the proposals for improvement and development of Sednaout’s surroundings. lhe surroundings of Sednaoui have main strength and weakness points. The core objective of upgrading the surroundings of Sednaoui is to improve its condition by exploiting its strength points to the extent possible to overcome the weaknesses. Thus, this will be reflected in an improvement of the environmental and the social conditions of the region’s residents and visitors. In addition, the economic returns of region’s residents will increase. The outlines of the proposal for improvement are shown schematically in Figure 10. In the following paragraphs, a more detailed explanation of these outlines is given.
Figure! 0. Outlines of the proposals for improvement and development of Sednaout’s surroundings. lhe surroundings of Sednaoui have main strength and weakness points. The core objective of upgrading the surroundings of Sednaoui is to improve its condition by exploiting its strength points to the extent possible to overcome the weaknesses. Thus, this will be reflected in an improvement of the environmental and the social conditions of the region’s residents and visitors. In addition, the economic returns of region’s residents will increase. The outlines of the proposal for improvement are shown schematically in Figure 10. In the following paragraphs, a more detailed explanation of these outlines is given.
Figure 11. Several models of street vendors’ goods in the Latin Quarter of Paris. (a) and (b) the way t sell and store books: (©), (d) and (e) the way to sell manual products.
Figure 11. Several models of street vendors’ goods in the Latin Quarter of Paris. (a) and (b) the way t sell and store books: (©), (d) and (e) the way to sell manual products.
Figure 12. mobile carts (a) in Turky and (b) in Italy.
Figure 12. mobile carts (a) in Turky and (b) in Italy.
Fig.13. Two proposals to display and store of street vendors’ goods(a) Sunglasses, watches and the Kkheth) Clathino and tertipe In this context, two proposals for presenting the goods of the street vendors are shown in Figure 13. One design is for presenting clothes and textiles and the other for goods like shoes, sunglasses, watches, and similar goods. The designs are suitable for both presenting and storing goods, since-they do not require large spaces. Some buildings in the region can also be used after rehabilitation as commercial centers that can accommodate a large number of street vendors as will be mentioned in detail in the next section. Buildings There are many buildings in the surroundings of Sednaoui which if rehabilitated and reused, could contribute significantly to solve the problems previously mentioned. Most of these buildings are in good condition and do not require much effort or a large budget to be repaired. However, they suffer from neglect and are not good employed and some are completely abandoned. Their reuse has many benefits for the region and for the buildings themselves, as well as for the people who live in or visit. Also, it allows maintaining the building and raising its value and prolonged its life time. A suitable use was made for each building based on its previous function and the needs of the region to reach the main objective of turning the region into a rich integrated urban area with its various services. The jdeac fnr the rence of anv af thece hhildinoe are haced on the internatinnal eanventinne onvernino the rectanratinn
Fig.13. Two proposals to display and store of street vendors’ goods(a) Sunglasses, watches and the Kkheth) Clathino and tertipe In this context, two proposals for presenting the goods of the street vendors are shown in Figure 13. One design is for presenting clothes and textiles and the other for goods like shoes, sunglasses, watches, and similar goods. The designs are suitable for both presenting and storing goods, since-they do not require large spaces. Some buildings in the region can also be used after rehabilitation as commercial centers that can accommodate a large number of street vendors as will be mentioned in detail in the next section. Buildings There are many buildings in the surroundings of Sednaoui which if rehabilitated and reused, could contribute significantly to solve the problems previously mentioned. Most of these buildings are in good condition and do not require much effort or a large budget to be repaired. However, they suffer from neglect and are not good employed and some are completely abandoned. Their reuse has many benefits for the region and for the buildings themselves, as well as for the people who live in or visit. Also, it allows maintaining the building and raising its value and prolonged its life time. A suitable use was made for each building based on its previous function and the needs of the region to reach the main objective of turning the region into a rich integrated urban area with its various services. The jdeac fnr the rence of anv af thece hhildinoe are haced on the internatinnal eanventinne onvernino the rectanratinn
Fig. 14.Numbering of buildings in the region that can be rehabilitated and reused rehabilitation, and reuse of archaeological buildings such as the Charters of Athens (1931)'° and Venice (1964)!, Nairobi (1976)'®. Some of these buildings have large areas and can be reused as an educational and cultural center for the habitants of the region. Others are characterized by their several floors and large areas. The floors could be reorganized using light weight partitions into small shops and they could acco* mmodate a large number of street vendors, Figure 14.
Fig. 14.Numbering of buildings in the region that can be rehabilitated and reused rehabilitation, and reuse of archaeological buildings such as the Charters of Athens (1931)'° and Venice (1964)!, Nairobi (1976)'®. Some of these buildings have large areas and can be reused as an educational and cultural center for the habitants of the region. Others are characterized by their several floors and large areas. The floors could be reorganized using light weight partitions into small shops and they could acco* mmodate a large number of street vendors, Figure 14.
There are many streets in the area under study and each street contains many important buildings in addition to various activities, green areas and residential buildings. Since those streets are the link between all of these components, their style and appearance must be maintained through the control of traffic, the placement of suitable signs, the visibility of street name tags, the presence of traffic lights, the availability of parking areas, putting the necessary ramps and paths on all sidewalks to take into account the movement of handicapped people (Figure 15), and the placement of mobile public toilet cabins with a concern to clean them daily. Fig. 15.Parttion of the floor to small shops using light weight to help solve the problem of street vendors.
There are many streets in the area under study and each street contains many important buildings in addition to various activities, green areas and residential buildings. Since those streets are the link between all of these components, their style and appearance must be maintained through the control of traffic, the placement of suitable signs, the visibility of street name tags, the presence of traffic lights, the availability of parking areas, putting the necessary ramps and paths on all sidewalks to take into account the movement of handicapped people (Figure 15), and the placement of mobile public toilet cabins with a concern to clean them daily. Fig. 15.Parttion of the floor to small shops using light weight to help solve the problem of street vendors.
Figure 16. Add an earlier ramp to the pavement (on the left) and adjust the slope of the pavement after its collapse (on the right).
Figure 16. Add an earlier ramp to the pavement (on the left) and adjust the slope of the pavement after its collapse (on the right).
Related topics:
Museum and Heritage StudiesHistorical StructuresHistoric Steelworks
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