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Lastly, for issues associated with managing IoT devices, two SUCs considered it least important. This indicates that these institutions may not view managing IoT devices as a major IT security concern.

Figure 3 Lastly, for issues associated with managing IoT devices, two SUCs considered it least important. This indicates that these institutions may not view managing IoT devices as a major IT security concern.

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— In order to gather data on the challenges faced by the SUCs regarding the management of IT security, an interview was conducted on representatives of each institution. The interview was conducted using a virtual meeting through Google Meet, which allowed for convenient and safe communication in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior to the interview, informed consent was obtained from the interviewees, and they were informed that their identities would not be disclosed in any publications or reports resulting from the research. The interview questions were designed to elicit information on the challenges faced by the SUCs in terms of IT security management, as well as their current practices and perspectives on the issue. The interviews were recorded with the permission of the interviewees, in order to ensure accurate data transcription and analysis. By conducting the interviews in this manner, the research was able to obtain firsthand insights into the challenges faced by the SUCs in the Zamboanga Peninsula region regarding IT security management, which can inform the development of a tailored technology development framework. Figure 1 provides valuable insights into the most pressing IT security challenges faced by the six state colleges and universities. These challenges have been determined based on their frequency and impact. The figure showcases the top challenges that must be addressed to enhance the overall IT security of these institutions, which include management support in terms of budget, vulnerability issues, skills gap/expertise, manpower shortage, IT security policy compliance, IT security infrastructure, inadequate backup resources, and
— In order to gather data on the challenges faced by the SUCs regarding the management of IT security, an interview was conducted on representatives of each institution. The interview was conducted using a virtual meeting through Google Meet, which allowed for convenient and safe communication in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior to the interview, informed consent was obtained from the interviewees, and they were informed that their identities would not be disclosed in any publications or reports resulting from the research. The interview questions were designed to elicit information on the challenges faced by the SUCs in terms of IT security management, as well as their current practices and perspectives on the issue. The interviews were recorded with the permission of the interviewees, in order to ensure accurate data transcription and analysis. By conducting the interviews in this manner, the research was able to obtain firsthand insights into the challenges faced by the SUCs in the Zamboanga Peninsula region regarding IT security management, which can inform the development of a tailored technology development framework. Figure 1 provides valuable insights into the most pressing IT security challenges faced by the six state colleges and universities. These challenges have been determined based on their frequency and impact. The figure showcases the top challenges that must be addressed to enhance the overall IT security of these institutions, which include management support in terms of budget, vulnerability issues, skills gap/expertise, manpower shortage, IT security policy compliance, IT security infrastructure, inadequate backup resources, and
Fig. 2 Level of Importance of Challenges Addressing these IT security challenges is crucial to ensure the safety and security of sensitive data and information in colleges and universities. Implementing effective IT security strategies and investing in skilled IT security professionals, security tools, and adequate infrastructure can help mitigate these challenges. Email address is compulsory for the corresponding author.
Fig. 2 Level of Importance of Challenges Addressing these IT security challenges is crucial to ensure the safety and security of sensitive data and information in colleges and universities. Implementing effective IT security strategies and investing in skilled IT security professionals, security tools, and adequate infrastructure can help mitigate these challenges. Email address is compulsory for the corresponding author.
Overall, to address these IT security concerns, state universities and colleges may take a proactive and holistic approach that includes collaboration with IT security experts, ongoing education and training, the development of clear policies and procedures, and the necessary investments in tools and technologies to protect sensitive data. By prioritizing IT security and taking these steps, institutions can mitigate the risk of cyber attacks and protect the trust of their stakeholders. When asked about good practices of the institution, some SUCs confidently shared their current posture as shown in Figure 4. The following are some of their noteworthy practices: good data management practices, good vendor engagement, strong and secure ICT infrastructure, use of licensed software, use of updated antivirus, adaptation of cloud setup, regular backup of server data, quarterly maintenance of infrastructure, controlled access to MIS and server room, motivation of people with challenging tasks, creation and proposal of an IS Policy, consultation with DICT.
Overall, to address these IT security concerns, state universities and colleges may take a proactive and holistic approach that includes collaboration with IT security experts, ongoing education and training, the development of clear policies and procedures, and the necessary investments in tools and technologies to protect sensitive data. By prioritizing IT security and taking these steps, institutions can mitigate the risk of cyber attacks and protect the trust of their stakeholders. When asked about good practices of the institution, some SUCs confidently shared their current posture as shown in Figure 4. The following are some of their noteworthy practices: good data management practices, good vendor engagement, strong and secure ICT infrastructure, use of licensed software, use of updated antivirus, adaptation of cloud setup, regular backup of server data, quarterly maintenance of infrastructure, controlled access to MIS and server room, motivation of people with challenging tasks, creation and proposal of an IS Policy, consultation with DICT.
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