stand alone system

This paper explores optimizing and sizing stand-alone solar power systems using an intelligent maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method, enhanced by artificial neural networks (ANN). The study focuses on both system sizing and energy optimization, integrating genetic algorithms (GA) with deep learning (DL) to optimize the architecture of the ANN for improved performance in predicting solar energy output. The hybrid method, deep learning genetic algorithms (DLGA), efficiently reduces computational complexity and enhances flexibility through parameter tuning, significantly improving the performance of multi-layer perceptron networks. Additionally, a precise sizing methodology based on solar irradiance data was implemented to ensure the system is neither oversized nor undersized. The system's performance was tested and validated using MATLAB/Simulink simulations, which demonstrated superior predictive accuracy, faster convergence, and optimized energy capture. This combined approach of intelligent MPPT and accurate sizing presents a highly effective solution for improving the efficiency and reliability of stand-alone solar energy systems under varying environmental conditions.

A portable stand-alone system for continuous intracellular recordings in vitro is presented here. An offthe-shelf operational amplifier is used to illustrate the feasibility and reliability of the proposed method. The amplifier is powered by two coin batteries and directly connected to a traditional intracellular glass electrode. The brain of the sea slug Tritonia diomedea is used as the experimental model. By simultaneously impaling one neuron using two electrodes, and recording with two independent systems, namely, a commercial intracellular amplifier and the portable stand-alone circuit, intracellular signals are acquired for more than 20 hours without affecting cell spontaneous spiking patterns. The implemented system presents signal-to-noise ratio higher than 30. Signals recorded with the stand-alone circuit are shown to reliably reproduce subthreshold activity after a second order low-pass filter stage. Possible applications for this system include multichannel intracellular MEMS-based arrays and portable implantable electronics for drug-delivery.

There is a great interest in the development of renewable power technologies in Algeria, and more particularly hybrid concept. The present paper has investigated the performance of hybrid PV-Wind-Diesel-Battery configuration based on hourly measurements of Adrar climate (southern Algeria). Data of global solar radiation, ambient temperature and wind speed for a period of one year have been used. Firstly, the proposed hybrid system has been optimized by means of HOMER software. The optimization process has been carried out taking into account renewable resources potential and energy demand; while maximizing renewable electricity use and fuel saving are the purpose. In the second step, a mathematical model has been developed to ensure efficient energy management on the basis of various operation strategies. The analysis has shown that renewable energy system (PV-Wind) is able to supply about 70% of the demand. Wind power has ranked first with 43% of the annual total electricity production followed by diesel generator (with 31%) while the remaining fraction is being to PV panels. In this context, 69% of the fossil fuel can be saved when using the proposed hybrid configuration instead of the diesel generators that are currently installed in most remote regions in Algeria. Such a concept is very promising to meet the focus of renewable energy program announced in 2011.

The study presents an improved control and operation for a stand-alone Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) energy system under unbalanced and nonlinear load conditions. This type of loads results in unbalance and distorted stator voltage and current at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC), with subsequent power quality degradation and electromagnetic torque pulsations of DFIG. A new and simple control strategy based Proportional-Resonant Controllers (PRCs) in the stationary reference frame is applied in the Load-Side Converter (LSC) for fully compensate the unbalance and harmonic distortion in the PCC and avoid the torque pulsations of DFIG. As a result, symmetrical and sinusoidal AC voltage is applied to the PCC, which indicates that the Rotor-Side Converter (RSC) can be still controlled with the traditional vector control strategy, to adjust the generator torque and to balance active power. This strategy is conceptually simple, it does not require for rotating coordinate transform...

The study presents an improved control and operation for a stand-alone Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) energy system under unbalanced and nonlinear load conditions. This type of loads results in unbalance and distorted stator voltage and current at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC), with subsequent power quality degradation and electromagnetic torque pulsations of DFIG. A new and simple control strategy based Proportional-Resonant Controllers (PRCs) in the stationary reference frame is applied in the Load-Side Converter (LSC) for fully compensate the unbalance and harmonic distortion in the PCC and avoid the torque pulsations of DFIG. As a result, symmetrical and sinusoidal AC voltage is applied to the PCC, which indicates that the Rotor-Side Converter (RSC) can be still controlled with the traditional vector control strategy, to adjust the generator torque and to balance active power. This strategy is conceptually simple, it does not require for rotating coordinate transform...

The study presents an improved control and operation for a stand-alone Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) energy system under unbalanced and nonlinear load conditions. This type of loads results in unbalance and distorted stator voltage and current at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC), with subsequent power quality degradation and electromagnetic torque pulsations of DFIG. A new and simple control strategy based Proportional-Resonant Controllers (PRCs) in the stationary reference frame is applied in the Load-Side Converter (LSC) for fully compensate the unbalance and harmonic distortion in the PCC and avoid the torque pulsations of DFIG. As a result, symmetrical and sinusoidal AC voltage is applied to the PCC, which indicates that the Rotor-Side Converter (RSC) can be still controlled with the traditional vector control strategy, to adjust the generator torque and to balance active power. This strategy is conceptually simple, it does not require for rotating coordinate transform...

Kaca merupakan salah satu benda yang bisa diaplikasikan dalam berbagai bidang, seperti untuk keperluan industri dan peralatan rumah tangga. Tapi Dalam proses pembuatannya kaca, sering terjadi kegagalan dan tidak lulus uji kualifikasi seperti tidak padat, retak, bergerlembung. Hal ini disebabkan  tidak tepatnya pengendalian temperatur ketika proses pendinginan maupun pemanasan untuk pencampuran dan peleburan material, sehingga harus didaur ulang  dan menambah biaya produksi. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu kendali untuk pengendalian temperatur agar sesuai dengan setpoint yang diinginkan, agar mendapatkan kualitas kaca sesuai dengan kualifikasi yang dibutuhkan. Dalam hal ini kendali yang digunakan adalah Adaptif STR-PID, dimana STR (Self Tuning Regulator) mampu memberikan nilai parameter yang tepat pada PID dan mampu melakukan adaptasi nilai parameter PID jika terjadi perubahan setpoint yang sesuai dengan tahap-tahap proses produksi kaca. Dari hasil penelitian ini, telihat STR-PID ma...

Stand Alone Controller berarti suatu sistem yang mampu mengendalikan dan menampilkan respon suatu plant yang tidak lagi memerlukan computer sehingga disebut “berdiri sendiri/stand alone”.
Namun sebelum me-realisasikan hasil desain ke stand alone controller
diperlukan pengamatan respon sebuah plant agar diperoleh hasil kendali yang baik, maka dibutuhkan software interface yang pada percobaan ini digunakan Makerplot.