Sound System

System is an essential tool for amplifying speech, music, and alerts across different environments. From schools and houses of worship to transport terminals and corporate offices, PA systems ensure that information reaches everyone clearly and simultaneously. In this guide, we will explore what a PA system is, how it works, its key components, and the different types of PA systems available today. 1. What Is a PA System? A PA system, short for Public Address System, is an arrangement of audio equipment used to project sound to a large group of people. Its purpose is to deliver clear, intelligible sound so that messages, music, or alerts can be heard in every corner of the intended area. PA systems range from a single microphone and speaker setup to complex, networked systems covering multiple buildings or even entire campuses. 2. How a PA System Works The basic workflow of a PA system involves four key steps: Input: A microphone, media player, or digital audio source captures the sound. Processing: The signal is routed through a mixer or controller, where it can be equalized, balanced, and combined with other audio sources. Amplification: The processed signal is sent to amplifiers, which increase the power level. Output: The amplified sound is played through speakers placed strategically across the venue. This simple chain ensures that even a soft voice or background music can be projected at a comfortable listening level for the audience. 3. Key Components of a PA System A complete PA system generally includes the following components: Microphones-Capture speech or music. Can be wired, wireless handheld, lapel, or gooseneck. Mixers or Controllers-Combine and adjust multiple audio sources. Amplifiers-Boost the signal so it can drive speakers effectively. Speakers-Convert electrical signals into audible sound. Options include ceiling speakers, column speakers, and horn speakers. Signal Processing Devices-Equalizers, compressors, or digital sound processors (DSPs) for fine-tuning. Cables & Networking Equipment-Connect and route signals between components.

A mobile audio unit is a wireless, battery-driven unit, the main purpose of which is to reproduce acoustic signals. This kind of unit can be used in conjunction with a home server. For example, a radio station broadcasting can be received from the Internet and fed to the mobile audio unit via a central home server. The market for home servers is expected to grow leading to a possible expansion of the market for this type of mobile audio unit. This paper presents some design aspects for the sound system of an audio unit, adapted to the new demands of the market.

Language is one of the most important and difficult for young children in communication. Most children learn to talk in the years before school entry. The objective of this study is the writer tries to investigate and identify the phonological system made by children 3 years to 5 years old. The writer use descriptive qualitative analysis in order to figure out and identify the form of phonological and semantic system made by children at the age 3-5 years old. The writer use observation and interview in collecting the data. The research finding in this study were there are omission that can be seen in phonological system on children at the age 3-4 years, the consonant sound of /k/, /t/, /r/, and /s/ and there also replacement sound occurs in pronunciation made by the age 3-4 years such sound letter /c/ with /s/ and letter sound consonant /r/ with /l/. At the age of 5 years, the sound of consonant has been seen more clearly in the pronunciation of words. They have been able to recogni...

Аңдатпа: Бұл мақалада қазақ тілінің жергілікті тілдері мен диалектілерінің ерекшеліктері, олардың әдеби тілмен қарымқатынасы мен айырмашылықтары кеңінен талқыланады. Диалектология саласындағы зерттеулер жергілікті тілдердің қалыптасу процесі, тарихи дамуы және әлеуметтік факторлардан туындайтын ерекшеліктерін анықтауға бағытталған. Сондай-ақ, жергілікті тілдердің әдеби тілмен ӛзара әсері және әдеби тілге қосылуының оң және теріс жақтары да қарастырылады.

Technology has been widely used for educational processes; in the arts several researchers have investigated the employment of computational systems and gadgets to approach younger audiences. This paper describes the design and implementation of an interactive music system used as a tool for an electroacoustic music course for children in a rural community. The system comprises a MaxMSP digital interface and an OSC Controller app for Android. Graphic User Interfaces were created in MaxMSP in order to process individual musical parameters, this can be controlled by mobile devices using Open Sound Control OSC protocols. The interactive system was used by children (6-15 years old) to explore sound worlds during a series of electroacoustic music courses and workshops.

Бұл томға Шамғали Сарыбаевтың мол ғылымипедагогикалық мұра сынан үш еңбек енді. Олар жанр мен мазмұн жағынан ғана емес, 1930 жылда ры жазылған ғалым еңбектерінің тағдырымен да үндес. Репрессияға ұшыра ған «Газет істері» атты оқу құралы 1934 жылы Қазақ коммунистік журнали стика институтының студенттеріне арнап жазылған. 1933 жылы жарық көрген академиялық тілдесу мәселесіне арналған «Күнделік керектер» әдістемелік құралы елеулі цензуралық түзетулер мен өшіруден кейін 1936 жылы қайта басылып шықты. Кітаппен жұмыс істеу дағдысын қалыптастыруға арналған «Қолғабыс» әдістемелік құралы бұрынсоңды жарық көрген емес. Кітап тарих, журналистика, педагогика, тіл білімі мамандарына және жалпы көпшілік оқырманға арналған. ӘОЖ 821.512.122 КБЖ 84 (5 Каз.) ISBN 9786017575090 © Абай атындағы Қазақ ұлттық педагогикалық университеті, 2024 © Халықаралық оқу және ғылыми зертхана «DHLab: Цифрлық тарих және білім беру лабораториясы», 2024 * Ж. Сексенбайұлы Асанның «Баспасөз -социалдық қоғам құру күресінің құ ралы» атты кітабынан. * «Маған Енов бір шиша (бөтелке) сыра берді, енді мен қызмет қылмаймын» деген сөз.

Despite the importance of Old Tibetan in the Tibeto-Burman language family, little research has treated Old Tibetan synchronic phonology. This article gives a complete overview of the Old Tibetan phonemic system by associating sound values with the letters of the Tibetan alphabet and exploring the distribution of these sounds in syllable structure. 1 This generalisation is not true of Beyer (1992: 55-66), who does attempt to describe the phonology of Written Tibetan. However, he takes the letters of the script as being in a one-to-one relationship with the phonemes.

The British live sound industry saw an unprecedented economic and technological boom in the early 1970s. This article argues that a few years prior to that, an equally important shift in live sound occurred, one that involved the appearance of a new actor in the music industry: the roadie. Drawing on archival research and semistructured interviews with British road crews active in the late 1960s, this article focuses on their practices and puts roadies at the centre of live sound development. It begins with a brief historical contextualization of British live sound in the late 1960s. It then explains roadies' current involvement in the music industry, followed by a description of the genesis of this profession. Third, it focuses on sound-oriented roadies in the late 1960s and identifies key practices on the road, including knowledge exchange and creative uses of technology. I conclude with a few theoretical considerations about live music practices and rock history in general.

Šrūgi Arabic comprises a continuum of dialects in a wide Shīʽa-dominated area, ranging from Baṣra in the southeast of Iraq to Karbalā in the west. Yet, there are very few studies devoted to this dialectal area. Since Ingham's pioneering contributions to some marshland dialects, the linguistic status and structural characteristics of Šrūgi Arabic remained severely underdocumented until modern times. The present contribution serves as an addition to the existing sparse research on Šrūgi Arabic. It provides a preliminary description of the sound system of the consonants and vowels, with special attention to their regular production as well as to deviations that occurred over the course of time. Furthermore, as will be shown, Šrūgi Arabic sound system has also its own specific segmental and suprasegmental features which will be discussed and illustrated by a wealth of examples drawn largely from everyday speech.

In this paper, a new novel sound field processing system is proposed. This sound field processing system assists listeners in perceiving audible characteristics of a given movie theater or hall, especially with regard to distance and spatial impression. To extend sound space artificially, conventional algorithms reproduce reflected sounds based on the panning law. However, even if this panning law could extend perceived listening space, it accompanies sound coloration, which reduces sound quality. Here, Grouped Reflections Algorithm (GRA) for sound field processing is proposed to reproduce sound fields without sound coloration. Moreover, the algorithm provides higher efficiency, reducing memory requirements of the sound field processing system 1 .

One of the most emphasized issues of the Turkish language, which also causes differences of opinion among Turcologists,is the state of the sound / y- / at the beginning of the words.This sound varies in terms of both historical Turkish dialects and contemporary Turkish dialects and is met with a different sound. For those who accept the Altaic hypothesis, it is known that the Proto-Turkic language, which developed as an independent language after the era of the Proto- Altaic language, was divided into two branches as Oghur languages (West Old Turkish) and Common Turkic (East Old Turkish). In Turcology, the terms Lir Turkic for Oghur languages and Shaz Turkic for Common Turkic are also used. In order to classify the Turkic languages, the sounds /l, /ş/ and /r/, /z/ sounds, and also the / y- / sound at the beginning ofthe words were used as criteria. This article will focus on thedevelopment of the / y- / sound at the beginning of the words in Turkic languages, which corresponds to th...

This descriptive study is an appraisal of the applicability of the theory of phonology to the sound system of Tiv language. It examines the phonology of Tiv, to see its conformity to the universal patterning of sounds in human language. In doing this, the study employs the descriptive method of research by observing the native speakers of the language and describing how the theory of phonology applies to Tiv language, using the phoneme theory, the distinctive features theory and the tone/pitch contours theory as testing grounds. The findings reveal that the theory of phonology is essential to the formation and combination of sounds in Tiv. It concludes that Tiv language, just like any other language, has its phonology derived from the universal phonetic application of phonological rules, in line with acceptable phonological theories.

This paper proposes a new model for music education based on the use of the application Soundcool, a modular system for music education with smartphones, tablets and Kinect developed by Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) through UPV (2013, Spain) and Generalitat Valenciana (2015-2016, Spain) projects. Soundcool has been programmed in Max, a modular graphical programming environment for music and interactive multimedia creation, and uses Open Sound Control, designed to share information in real time over a network with several media devices. Our application is a creative development environment in its own right, but for running Max patches it requires only the free application Max Runtime/Max player. The pedagogical architecture of Soundcool is based on three music education scenarios that allow interaction between the various agents involved in the classroom. Soundcool is going to be used as a music education tool in several European countries through an Erasmus+ European pro...

This paper describes the design and partial implementation of a real-time sound generation system currently being built at Carnegie-Mellon University. The overall design process is followed, and design decisions are discussed in the light of design goals and overall system constraints. The resulting system consists of a keyboard which is light controlled and an array of microprocessors functioning in a pipeline fashion.

Technology has been widely used for educational processes; in the arts several researchers have investigated the employment of computational systems and gadgets to approach younger audiences. This paper describes the design and implementation of an interactive music system used as a tool for an electroacoustic music course for children in a rural community. The system comprises a MaxMSP digital interface and an OSC Controller app for Android. Graphic User Interfaces were created in MaxMSP in order to process individual musical parameters, this can be controlled by mobile devices using Open Sound Control OSC protocols. The interactive system was used by children (6-15 years old) to explore sound worlds during a series of electroacoustic music courses and workshops.

7. Pour n'en prendre qu'un exemple, une tentative de recensement en ligne exhaustif de la production musicale jamaïcaine, www.reggaeid.co.uk, n'offre même pas d'entrée et d'option de recherche par titre de chanson. Comme ces exemples l'illustrent, la reprise n'est pas, en Jamaïque, un produit dérivé, une annexe de la production musicale, elle en est au coeur même. Pour le dancehall contemporain, et cela est le cas depuis le milieu des années 1980, le rythme, le riddim, repris est une information décisive pour l'identification d'un morceau, information plus importante que son titre même 7. Et si ce sont les morceaux (songs ou tunes) qui sont inscrits au hit-parade, les riddims constituent un ingrédient essentiel du succès. Un riddim populaire, un anthem, peut être repris, réinterprété, plusieurs centaines de fois. Si cette caractéristique de la musique jamaïcaine est achevée en 1985 avec le Under Me Sleng Teng * de Wayne Smith, produit par King Jammy, premier produit, révolutionnaire, du dancehall digital, elle est le résultat d'une évolution qui commence en 1967 avec les premières versions.

The present study uses qualitative methods to analyze and restore an invented missionary writing system for the Shanghainese language, and uses the restoration to check for historical sound change. The project consists of two parts: the analysis and restoration of the orthography and the confirmation of historical sound changes in Shanghainese. The restoration of the writing system provides all symbols with equivalent International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) symbols. Following the restoration to IPA is an explanation of the rules for combining initial and final symbols to form a single character, as well as rules for tonal distinction. The analysis of the restored orthography compares its development with the academic criteria for orthography development, and finds that it is a sound writing system. The evaluation also reviews the sociolinguistic criteria crucial for orthography acceptance, and shows that the writing system does not meet these criteria in present day Shanghai. The resu...

Technology has been widely used for educational processes; in the arts several researchers have investigated the employment of computational systems and gadgets to approach younger audiences. This paper describes the design and implementation of an interactive music system used as a tool for an electroacoustic music course for children in a rural community. The system comprises a MaxMSP digital interface and an OSC Controller app for Android. Graphic User Interfaces were created in MaxMSP in order to process individual musical parameters, this can be controlled by mobile devices using Open Sound Control OSC protocols. The interactive system was used by children (6-15 years old) to explore sound worlds during a series of electroacoustic music courses and workshops.

The author will discuss the negative environmental impact that individual classroom sound systems create when used as a substitute for good acoustical design. School systems are being targeted by marketers of classroom sound systems and being convinced that they are a cost effective al‐ternative to the standards that are put forth by ANSI S12.60‐2002. This paper presents estimates of the potential waste that is created by these systems through future disposal of outdated technology and batteries used in these devices. The presentation will put forth suggestions for the dissemination of this information by interested parties to schools in their immediate vicinity.

This study is an attempt to compare and contrast the sound systems of Kurdish and English for pedagogical aims. The consonants, vowels, stress and intonation of the two languages are described using the same model-taxonomic phonology-and then compared and contrasted to find the similarities and differences between the two systems and hence the potential areas of difficulty in teaching English to students whose native language is Kurdish. Forty four phonemes of BBC English have been described and compared with the thirty eight phonemes of Sorani Kurdish. The nature and function of stress and intonation in the two languages have also been compared and contrasted.

Navigation in pre-recorded sound for mixing with other sound sources is often done in contemporary music concerts. Commercial computer based DJ interfaces fall short when compared to their older analogue counterparts, the mixer and turntable. In this work we try to extend a computer based DJ system Mixxx, with visual displays of various sound parameters extracted from the sound. A demonstration of the system will be given.

This study is an attempt to compare and contrast the sound systems of Kurdish and English for pedagogical aims. The consonants, vowels, stress and intonation of the two languages are described using the same model-taxonomic phonology-and then compared and contrasted to find the similarities and differences between the two systems and hence the potential areas of difficulty in teaching English to students whose native language is Kurdish. Forty four phonemes of BBC English have been described and compared with the thirty eight phonemes of Sorani Kurdish. The nature and function of stress and intonation in the two languages have also been compared and contrasted.