Social and Cultural Determinants of Health

This article focuses on the role of music in the context of humanitarian and existential crisis. It argues that the ethnographic field of the refugee camp is everything else than an unproductive space, a "waiting room" of the undesirables, an in-between space where social lives are suspended and where cultural life ceases to exist. It presents in a first part the particular spatial and temporal dimensions of a specific refugee reception center in Germany, in which the author has both volunteered for 6 months organizing music room sessions, and in which he has worked as an engaged anthropologist in the framework of a 4-month grassroots music theater project. In a second part, individual biographies of musicking asylum-seekers are presented: seen from the standpoint of an anthropology of emotions and an anthropology of absence, it will be discussed in which way the experience of marginalization, social exclusion and continuous waiting has influenced the texts and musical pieces created by them. In more general terms, this article looks at the ethnomusicologists' dilemma of whether and how to make visible and audible such cultural creativity in an empathetic way without detaching it from the precarious and existential situations under which it unfolds. Keywords cultural agency, engaged anthropology, ethnomusicology, refugee camp This article focuses on the role of music in the context of humanitarian and existential crisis. I will discuss how in situations of humanitarian emergency, precarious forms of existence have shaped and transformed the musical creativity of people on the move.

dan bantuan dari Anda semua saya tidak mungkin bisa melakukan penelitian secara efektif pada tiap stage. 9. Bang Ardi, Bang Roesly, Bang Nino, Bang Ijang, Bang edo, Bang Iyan, Bro Erwin, yang sudah memberikan support dalam segala hal (kehidupan, persahabatan, relationship, serta masukan-masukan) terkhusus untuk Bang Doni yang telah membantu langsung dalam penyebaran kuesioner dan Bang Nata terimakasih untuk waktu, saran, masukan, support dan pelajaran hidup yang amat berharga yang selama ini telah diberikan kepada penulis. Skripsi ini kupersembahkan untuk semua abang-abangku tercinta dan semua residen di BNN. 10. Bango, kamulah salah satu orang yang membuat penulis memiliki motivasi sangat besar untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini, terima kasih untuk care and concern yang selama ini diberikan, saran, masukan dan kritik yang membuat penulis akhirnya membuka mata lebih mengetahui arti kehidupan. 11. Manun, nandut dan angel makasih untuk support yang amat besar yang kalian berikan pada penulis, selalu ada disaat up and down, terima kasih untuk masukan-masukannya tanpa kalian skripsi ini tidak akan selesai. 12. Sahabat-sahabat saya di Fakultas Psikologi (angkatan 2006) pada umumnya dan kelas C khususnya yang telah menjadi teman dalam berjuang, belajar, bersenda gurau, berkonsultasi baik dalam senang atau pun susah. Terimakasih untuk teteh ega, cinta, mba'mut, mpo'alin, ece tha, cho-cho, tiko, sila, adel terima kasih slama ini telah memberikan support dan mengajarkan arti persahabatan. Penelitian ini tidak akan berarti tanpa kehadiran dan kontribusi dari semua yang telah disebutkan sebelumnya. Semoga penelitian ini dapat memberikan manfaat dan inspirasi bagi banyak orang. Amin.

Drugs abuse is a health problem that can make users susceptible to various physical and psychological disorders. For that, drugs user must receive rehabilitation in order to recover. The problem is that the number of abusers participating in the rehabilitation program is still very low.The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that led to the low participation of drug users in the rehabilitation program using a health belief model approach. The research method used a quantitative approach, this type of survey with a sample of 73 respondents. Respondents in this study are people aged 15-60 years who live in Jakarta and identify as drug users and are not currently participating in the rehabilitation program. Data analysis using factor analysis. The results showed that six factors caused the low participation of drug users in the rehabilitation program, namely the perception of seriousness, self-efficacy, knowledge, susceptibility, perception of barriers, and family support....

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) menjadi penyakit yang pandemic, menyerang jutaan penduduk di dunia yang perlu mendapat perhatian serius dari semua pihak. HIV merupakan virus yang menyerang sel darah putih di dalam tubuh yang mengakibatkan turunnya kekebalan tubuh yang dapat menularkan virusnya melalui hubungan seks beresiko dan menggunakan alat suntik. Voluntary Counseling Test (VCT) merupakan pintu masuk untuk membantu masyarakat mendapatkan pelayanan mengenai tes HIV, baik berupa informasi, edukasi, therapy dan dukungan psikososial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat kecemasan residen pada Program TC sebelum mengikuti Voluntary Conselling Test (VCT) di Balai Besar Rehabilitasi BNN Lido Tahun 2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian cross sectional. Jumlah populasi berjumlah 250 orang dengan sampel penelitian 92 responden yaitu responden yang melakukan Rehabilitasi pada fase Entry Unit dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data meliputi univariat dan bivariat (Chi Square α = 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku dengan kecemasan residen mengikuti pemeriksaan VCT, (P value = 0,018 dengan OR = 1,318) , sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan dengan kecemasan residen mengikuti pemeriksaan VCT dengan pvalue > α (0,05) adalah Pengetahuan HIV/AIDS (P value= 0,904) dan dukungan keluarga (P value = 0,757). Saran peneliti adalah diharapkan Dinas Kesehatan dapat memberikan informasi-informasi kesehatan melalui poster atau media layanan masyarakat yang berkaitan dengan HIV/AIDS dan VCT, masyarakat juga diharapkan untuk menambah pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS dan VCT agar memahami bahwa VCT itu penting dalam upaya pecegahan HIV/AIDS.

Kader posyandu merupakan bagian dari masyarakat yang mempunyai peran sebagai motivator, pendidik dan membantu petugas kesehatan agar kesehatan masyarakat dapat tercapai termasuk menurunnya Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB). Kader posyandu yang tidak aktif dapat menyebabkan penurunan AKI dan AKB menjadi tersendat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari dimensi kepribadian extraversion dan openness dengan keaktifan kader posyandu. Metode penelitian menggunakan crosssectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh kader posyandu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kraksaan Probolinggo sebesar 370 orang. Pengambilan sampel secara random sampling, diperoleh sampel sebesar 192 orang. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Analisis data menggunakan chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar kader posyandu mempunyai dimensi kepribadian extraversion yang rendah dan openness yang sedang serta tidak aktif dalam kegiatan posyandu. Ada hubu...

The main cause of drugs and HIV-Aids double epidemic in Indonesia is the change of using pattern from smoking to injection and the widespread of injection (IDU-Penasun) use among abusers, which in general having human capital weakness, or logical weakness, so they depend on drugs without awareness of its infectious contamination which threaten them. They are not aware that “gold bridge” of contamination and spread HIV-AIDS virus is not-sterilized injection needle use by turns. One of efforts to prevent HIV-AIDS virus contagion among injecting abusers is harm reduction (HR), in Indonesian terminology called the reduction of drugs bad effect. The main goal of this program is cutting contagious link of HIV-AIDS virus, from the main to special goal in Penasun community (injection use). In its implementation, HR program faces several handicaps, one of them is there has been yet a legitimating law conducting the program; sociology and religious handicaps related to Indonesia norm; budget ...

Background: Drugs abuse case like the iceberg phenomenon to appear above the sea surface, while underneath the biggest does not appear. Mortality or the number of the case continue to increase in geometrical progression and risk of disease spread hepatitis B / C of 80% and HIV / AIDS as much as 40-50% and the number was about the abuse of all sections of the community. So that the efforts that seriously not only in prevention but the recovery of those who have become a votary affected which includes the restoration of the medical and social. Family support is considered able to weaken the impact of stress and can directly strengthen the individual's mental health. Goal of this research is to find out the relationship between family support with the desire to recover the drugs abuse Wirogunan correctional facility in Yogyakarta. Method: This was analytical observations cross sectional design. The respondent was 50 people related to criminal cases drugs abuse. Samples taken with the technique Totality Sampling with the criteria set inklusi and eksklusi. Analysis of the data used was the Chi Square test statistics. Results: There was relationship between the support the family with the desire to recover in drugs abuse in the correctional facility Wirogunan Yogyakarta to see the value of Asymp. Sig < á (0.002 <0.05) and the calculated Chi Square 12.605> Chi Square table (df = 2 → 5.991). Hypothetical possibility or the probability is zero (Ho) is small, so Ho rejected the hypothetical alternative (Ha) accepted. Conclusion: There was relationship between the support family with the desire to recover in drugs abuse in the correctional facility Wirogunan Yogyakarta with the support of the family contributed to 44.9 percent against the desire to recover.

Kasus penyalahgunaan NAPZA khususnya NAPZA suntik mengalami peningkatan. Kecenderungan peningkatan tersebuttercermin dalam peningkatan kasus NAPZA suntik di Kota Palembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan artidan makna pengalaman mantan pengguna dalam penyalahgunaan NAPZA suntik di Kota Palembang. Desain penelitian yangdigunakan yaitu fenomenologi deskriptif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Wawancara mendalamdigunakan dalam pengumpulan data. Hasil wawancara direkam menggunakan tape recorder, data diolah dalam bentuk transkripverbatim dan dianalisis menggunakan metode Colaizzi. Penelitian menghasilkan sembilan tema sesuai tujuan khusus yaitu:alasan menggunakan NAPZA suntik diklasifikasikan menjadi alas an pertama kali dan alasan tetap menggunakan; respon yangtimbul setelah menggunakan NAPZA suntik yaitu respon personal dan respon orangtua; persepsi terkait efek samping danbahaya yaitu mempunyai nilai lebih dan mempunyai dampak buruk; makna menggunak...

Modern conflict transformation emerged after World War II as a discipline and a field of academic research. Since the early 1990s it has increasingly concerned itself with psycho-social issues (e.g. trauma treatment or reconciliation) in the aftermath of violent protracted social conflicts. Within this psycho-social space there has been a growing interest in the use of music in conflict transformation to improve relationships between in and out-groups. However, the field of music and conflict transformation is still nascent, with little in-depth research available. The majority of studies have been undertaken by interested parties or relies on anecdotal evidence from organisers and musicians with little concern for the context of the music use. Participants, whose attitudes and relationships to out-groups are the focus of conflict transformation interventions, are largely overlooked and their views are rarely discussed. Furthermore, there are few detailed studies on exactly how music affects conflict transformation outcomes. Instead allusions are often made to terms such as "the power of music" which act as a black box intended to explain how music "works", but patently fail to do so. This thesis attempts to fill these two gaps in the literature by focusing on the participants' experiences in two different conflict transformation contexts, a multicultural music project for school children in Noway and the casual music use in a settlement of internally displaced persons in Sudan. Through qualitative research methods, rich descriptive data from different parties is gathered. The data is analysed using grounded theory. As a result a very different and more complex picture emerges that enriches the current understanding of how music is used and perceived in conflict transformation contexts. In particular, how participants view these activities and how power relationships, though rarely mentioned, affect the music use is explored in detail. Some tentative suggestions indicate that music works best when used in longitudinal bottom-up activities and that music can augment conflict transformation activities rather than replace them. Additionally, it is proposed that music may work as a form of benign interruption in conflict transformation activities and that musical events provide a liminal space where the real work lies in the process of bringing any changes in attitudes from the liminal space into everyday life.

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Depresi merupakan gangguan mental yang bisa dialami oleh siapapun, termasuk pecandu narkoba. Pengaruh zat-zat seperti obat narkoba mempengaruhi kerja pada neurotransmitter yakni dopamin dan serotonin. Penggunaan obat secara berlebihan dapat memblok reseptor Dopamin dan merusak produksi serotonin, penurunan dopamin menyebabkan ketidakmampuan seseorang untuk merasa senang, sedangkan penurunan serotonin dapat mempengaruhi perilaku seseorang menjadi pendiam, curiga, putus asa, kesepian, dan depresi. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk membuat kondisi rileks dan dapat mengatasi depresi adalah dengan terapi musik. Hal ini menjadi ketertarikan peneliti karena terapi musik belum pernah diberikan kepada pecandu narkoba rehabilitasi di Wisma Sirih maupun di Rehabilitasi Berbasis Masyarakat Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh terapi musik terhadap skor depresi pada pecandu narkoba Metode : Penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan pendekatan pre eksperiment dalam kategori satu kel...

Kota Pontianak merupakan kota dengan kasus terbanyak HIV/AIDS di Kalimantan Barat, berdasarkan laporan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Pontianak kasus HIV(+) adalah sampai dengan Agustus 2010 jumlah kasus HIV(+) 1.268 kasus, kemudian meningkat menjadi 1.588 kasus HIV(+) sampai dengan September 2011, dan terus meningkat sampai dengan Oktober 2012 jumlah kasus HIV (+) menjadi 1.786 kasus. Sedangkan pada tahun 2012 jumlah kasus HIV/AIDS secara kumulatif mencapai 2.740 kasus. Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, akses informasi HIV/AIDS, dan dukungan keluarga dengan perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada pengguna napza suntik di Kota Pontianak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional yang bersifat analitik, dengan pendekatan cross sectional, sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 68 responden. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Chisquare (X²), dengan derajat ketepatan 95% (á = 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil analisis bivariat diperoleh tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada pengguna napza suntik di Kota Pontianak (p value = 1,000) , ada hubungan antara sikap dengan perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada pengguna napza suntik di Kota Pontianak (p value = 0,000), Tidak ada hubungan antara akses informasi HIV/AIDS dengan perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada pengguna napza suntik di Kota Pontianak (p value = 0,215) dan Ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada pengguna napza suntik di Kota Pontianak (p value = 0,009). Diharapkan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Pontianak untuk melakukan upaya intervensi pada pengguna napza suntik di Kota Pontianak dengan memberikan penyuluhan serta memberikan informasi kesehatan terkait bahaya penyalahgunaan narkoba dan bahaya HIV/AIDS

Penyalahgunaan Narkotika, Psikotropika dan Zat Aditif (NAPZA) pada remaja memberikan dampak jangka panjang terhadap kesehatan mental. Pandemi Covid-19 turut memberikan kontribusi terhadap peningkatan penggunaan NAPZA pada remaja. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menguatkan peran remaja dalam pencegahan NAPZA dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja tentang bahaya NAPZA dan kerentanan pengguna NAPZA terhadap Covid-19 serta pencegahan dan pengendalian NAPZA di masa pandemi Covid-19. Kegiatan dilakukan secara virtual dengan kombinasi edukasi melalui teknik curah pendapat, berbagi pengalaman, dan diskusi secara virtual. Peserta terdiri dari 151 orang. 95,3% peserta merupakan mahasiswa dari berbagai perguruan tinggi di Indonesia, selebihnya dari rumah sakit, sekolah lanjutan atas, dan institusi layanan kesehatan lain. Pandemi Covid-19 meningkatkan risiko remaja terhadap penyalahgunaan NAPZA, pun sebaliknya pengguna NAPZA berisiko lebih besar untuk terkena Covid-19. Pencegahan dan pengendalian ...

Background. Transmission of HIV/AIDS infection in injecting drug users are caused by using outworn disposable syringes with previously contaminated HIV, using unsterilized syringes, and using syringes alternately without having a proper sterilization. Healthy oral mucosa is an essential component in measuring overall individual health. Oral candidiasis is an early oral manifestation and showing the progression of HIV infection in 30%-80% patients. Purpose. The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of oral candidiasis in injecting drug user with HIV/AIDS infection at Orbit Foundation Surabaya. Method. This research is using observational descriptive study with cross-sectional and total sampling method in 55 respondents. Result. From 55 respondents, 27,2% of this subjects were diagnosed with oral candidiasis and 72,8% of this subjects were undiagnosed with oral candidiasis. Conclusion. Not all injecting drug users infected with HIV/AIDS suffer oral candidiasis. Oral candidia...

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji secara empiris apakah terdapat hubungan antara strategi coping dengan self-efficacy pada penyalahguna narkoba. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 55 subjek dewasa awal dengan rentang usia 18-40 tahun yang berada pada masa pemulihan di kota Surabaya. Alat pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini berupa skala psikologi. Alat ukur variabel Self-efficacy terdiri dari 10 butir yang diadaptasi dari General Self-efficacy milik Ralf Schwarzer dan alat ukur Strategi Coping terdiri dari 50 butir yang diadaptasi dari Ways of Coping yang disusun oleh Folkman dan Lazarus. Skala ways of coping mendapat reliabilitas sebesar 0,882, sedangkan skala self-efficacy mendapat reliabilitas sebesar 0,877. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik korelasional Pearson dengan bantuan software IBM SPSS versi 20.0. Hasil analisis data dari penelitian menunjukkan nilai korelasi antara variabel strategi coping dan self-efficacy sebesar 0,587 dengan p sebesar 0,000. Hal ini menunjukkan b...

There is increased commitment to the participation and self-representation of people with lived experiences as refugees and asylum seekers in advocacy, especially at international, high-level events. However, we know very little about what opportunities and challenges such processes present. This paper reports on findings from a research project on youth participation and self-representation at the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in collaboration with two young women and two young men from refugee backgrounds who live in Australia. We contribute new perspectives to contemporary debates on the potential for participation and self-representation in high-level consultations to effect policy change.

HIV dan Narkoba merupakan persoalan besar yang dihadapi bangsa Indonesia. Penularan HIV di kalangan penasun menjadi salah satu modus penularan HIV di Indonesia. Berdasarkan kondisi ini, pemerintah melaksanakan pengembangan pengurangan dampak buruk (harm reduction) bagi penasun. Salah satu strategi yang dikembangkan adalah program terapi rumatan metadon (PTRM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan retensi pasien Program Terapi Rumatan Metadon di salah satu Puskesmas Kabupaten Badung sebagai indikator keberhasilan program. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan retensi pasien terapi rumatan metadon. Data diperoleh dari melihat rekam medis dan data formulir asesmen wajib lapor dan rehabilitasi medis. Subjek penelitian ini adalah semua pasien di salah satu Puskesmas di Kabupaten Badung. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian dilakuk...

BNN RI Regulation Number 24 of 2017 concerning Rehabilitation Services for Addicts and Victims of Narcotics Abuse has the authority to carry out rehabilitation for narcotics users. Rehabilitation helps the addict recover from his addiction to drugs. With good resilience, the patient will be able to recover or adjust to adversity. This study aimed to analyze the factors that determine the level of strength and analyze the resilience index of narcotic abusers undergoing rehabilitation at the BNN Rehabilitation Center. This study used a quantitative method of survey type with a sample of 140 respondents. The data analysis method used factor analysis and index of resilience level. The results showed five factors of the resilience of addicts, namely Impulse Control, Empathy, Emotion Regulation, Achievement, and Problem Analysis. These five factors can explain the effect on the strength of 63.079%. Addicts show a high level of resilience of 82.33% after following a rehabilitation program

Penyalahgunaan narkoba adalah masalah kesehatan global. Secara global, keberhasilan rehabilitasi pengguna narkoba belum memuaskan. Hal ni mendorong perbaikan pelaksanaan rehabilitasi sosial. Salah satu kegiatan terapi dalam rehabilitasi sosial adalah tamasya statis (static outing), yaitu terapi yang menyediakan lingkungan baru untuk membuat penghuni lebih santai untuk berbagi masalah dengan konselor. Hal penting yang menentukan keberhasilan rehabilitasi pengguna narkoba adalah motivasi diri pelaku untuk mengubah perilaku dan pulih kembali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas terapi static outing dalam meningkatkan motivasi pemulihan residen di Balai Rehabilitasi Narkoba Samarinda. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional komparatif yang membandingkan rata-rata motivasi pemulihan residen antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan terapi static outing. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah residen yang berpartisipasi dalam terapi static outing sejumlah 14 orang. Pengujian statistik hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Paired-t-test. Ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam rata-rata motivasi pemulihan residen antara sebelum dan sesudah terapi dengan nilai P 0,008 (<0,05). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi static outing secara signifikan meningkatkan motivasi pemulihan residen rehabilitasi narkoba.

Penyalahgunaan narkoba adalah masalah kesehatan global. Secara global, keberhasilan rehabilitasi pengguna narkoba belum memuaskan. Hal ni mendorong perbaikan pelaksanaan rehabilitasi sosial. Salah satu kegiatan terapi dalam rehabilitasi sosial adalah tamasya statis (static outing), yaitu terapi yang menyediakan lingkungan baru untuk membuat penghuni lebih santai untuk berbagi masalah dengan konselor. Hal penting yang menentukan keberhasilan rehabilitasi pengguna narkoba adalah motivasi diri pelaku untuk mengubah perilaku dan pulih kembali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas terapi static outing dalam meningkatkan motivasi pemulihan residen di Balai Rehabilitasi Narkoba Samarinda. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional komparatif yang membandingkan rata-rata motivasi pemulihan residen antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan terapi static outing. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah residen yang berpartisipasi dalam terapi static outing sejumlah 14 orang. Pengujian statistik hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Paired-t-test. Ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam rata-rata motivasi pemulihan residen antara sebelum dan sesudah terapi dengan nilai P 0,008 (<0,05). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi static outing secara signifikan meningkatkan motivasi pemulihan residen rehabilitasi narkoba.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji secara empiris apakah terdapat hubungan antara strategi coping dengan self-efficacy pada penyalahguna narkoba. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 55 subjek dewasa awal dengan rentang usia 18-40 tahun yang berada pada masa pemulihan di kota Surabaya. Alat pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini berupa skala psikologi. Alat ukur variabel Self-efficacy terdiri dari 10 butir yang diadaptasi dari General Self-efficacy milik Ralf Schwarzer dan alat ukur Strategi Coping terdiri dari 50 butir yang diadaptasi dari Ways of Coping yang disusun oleh Folkman dan Lazarus. Skala ways of coping mendapat reliabilitas sebesar 0,882, sedangkan skala self-efficacy mendapat reliabilitas sebesar 0,877. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik korelasional Pearson dengan bantuan software IBM SPSS versi 20.0. Hasil analisis data dari penelitian menunjukkan nilai korelasi antara variabel strategi coping dan self-efficacy sebesar 0,587 dengan p sebesar 0,000. Hal ini menunjukkan b...

In 2018, more than a quarter-billion people worldwide used drugs. Continuous use of drugs can cause changes in the nervous system of the brain. The purpose of this analysis was to identify risk factors for cognitive impairment in drug abusers. This research is a secondary data analysis from a crosssectional study of Health Research on the Impact of Drug Abuse conducted by the National Narcotics Board at the BNN Rehabilitation Center. The dependent variable in this study is sociodemography, duration of drug use, age at first using drugs, the number of substances used and, the type of drugs used. While the independent variable is cognitive impairment. The data analyzed were 601 drug abusers aged 15-50 years. Data analysis used descriptive, bivariate and, multivariate cox regression. The results showed that the factors associated with cognitive impairment in drug abusers were the use of marijuana (PR=1.33: p=0.007) and prescription drugs abuse (PR=1.26: p=0.046). Cognitive impairment i...

Penyalahgunaan dan peredaran Narkoba di Kota Medan akhir-akhir sangat memprihatinkan, hampir semua kalangan adalah merupakan sasaran, terutama remaja dan anak muda, Narkoba termasuk kejahatan yang luar biasa (ekstra ordinary crime) yang sangat merusak daripada fisik dan mental dari pada generasi penerus bangsa tersebut. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pusat rehabilitasi yang memenuhi standar. Rehabilitasi merupakan upaya memulihkan dan mengembalikan kondisi korban dan penyalah gunaan narkoba agar kembali sehat secara fisik, psikologik, sosial dan spiritual. Selama ini kegiatan spiritual Pusat rehabilitasi Rumah Ummi masih belum optimal. Metode Kegiatan antara lain: Kegiatan ceramah,pengajian dan dilanjutkan dengan kegiatan praktek ibadah yang langsung dibimbing oleh salah satu dosen Tim Program Kemitraan Stimulus (PKMS) UMN Al Washliyah Medan Dosen Pendidikan Agama Islam yang juga merupakan ustad. Hasil dari Program Kegiatan ini kepada Clien/Pasien yang Direhabilitasi menjadi kondisi yan...

Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) programme is used to reduced the number of drug users and to stop the transmission of dangerous infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS. In therapy, patient must have adversity quotient, so they can finished the therapy and recovered from drug injection dependency. One of the factor which influenced adversity quotient is self efficacy. The purposes of this research are to explain the effect of self efficacy toward adversity quotient of injecting drug users whose following MMT programme. This research used a causal comparative research, with purposive sampling and with total sample of 120 patient PTRM. Self efficacy instrument reliability is (α)= 0,923 with 41 item valid. Adversity quotient instrument reliability is (α)= 0,91. Based on cross tabulation test, the result is sig. ( p value) 0,040, ( p value &lt; 0,05). That result indicated self efficacy could effected adversity quotient significantly in this research. Another finding in this result is...

Pondok pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan bertujuan untuk mengajarkan dan mengamalkan ilmu agama Islam dalam keseharian serta menekankan pentingnya moral dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Pesantren khalafi yaitu pesantren yang menerapkan sistem pendidikan klasikal yang memberikan ilmu agama dan pengetahuan umum, serta juga memberikan pendidikan keterampilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan motivasi belajar pada santri di Pesantren Tahfidz Daarul Qur’an Jawa Tengah. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah santri di Pesantren Tahfidz Daarul Qur’an Jawa Tengah yang berjumlah 259 santri terbagi ke dalam 10 kelas. Teknik sampling menggunakan cluster random sampling . Pengumpulan data menggunakan dua skala model Likert, yaitu Skala Motivasi Belajar (41 aitem valid; α = .94) dan Skala Dukungan Sosial (29 aitem valid; α = .89). Hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana menunjukkan nilai koefisien korelasi r xy = .26 dengan ...

BNN RI Regulation Number 24 of 2017 concerning Rehabilitation Services for Addicts and Victims of Narcotics Abuse has the authority to carry out rehabilitation for narcotics users. Rehabilitation helps the addict recover from his addiction to drugs. With good resilience, the patient will be able to recover or adjust to adversity. This study aimed to analyze the factors that determine the level of strength and analyze the resilience index of narcotic abusers undergoing rehabilitation at the BNN Rehabilitation Center. This study used a quantitative method of survey type with a sample of 140 respondents. The data analysis method used factor analysis and index of resilience level. The results showed five factors of the resilience of addicts, namely Impulse Control, Empathy, Emotion Regulation, Achievement, and Problem Analysis. These five factors can explain the effect on the strength of 63.079%. Addicts show a high level of resilience of 82.33% after following a rehabilitation program

Rehabilitasi pencandu narkoba merupakan sebuah upaya pemulihan agar para pecandu memiliki ketergantungan terhadap narkoba. Relapse merupakan perilaku penggunaan kembali narkoba setelah menjalani penanganan secara rehabilitasi. Secara garis besar ada dua faktor yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya relapse yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal dari individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian relapse pada pecandu narkoba di Kota Pontianak. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 14 pasien rehabilitasi di Rehabilitasi Sosial Berbasis Masyaraka. Teknik sampel menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah sampel 14 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi langsung menggunakan kuesioner. Tekni analisis data menggunakan distribusi persentase. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan bahwa sebagian besar faktor internal yaitu niat mendukung sebesar 79%, pekerjaan yang tidak mendukung sebesar 85,7%, akses terhadap informan yang tidak mendukung sebesar 50,0%, dan keluarga yang mempengaruhi kejadian relapse pada pecandu narkoba di Kota Pontianak adalah tidak mendukung sebesar 57,1%. Saran Bagi mantan pecandu dan keluarga yaitu meningkatkan kesadaran dalam diri untuk mengendalikan keinginan dalam menggunakan narkoba menjadi salah satu faktor untuk menghindari penggunaan narkoba kembali, dampak narkoba yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan dan berdampak negatif sudah sepantasnya merugikan bagi pecandunya, oleh sebab itu berhenti menggunakan narkoba adalah jalan yang terbaik untuk menghindari kerugian yang mungkin lebih besar lagi.

Abstract.  Drug abuse is one of the major challenges facing the world today. There’s many way we can do to get rid of drug independence, one of them is through rehabilitation. One of the rehabilitation programs to get rid of drug independence is by physical rehabilitation through methadone replacement therapy. Methadone Replacement Therapy (MRT) is one of the &quot;Harm Reduction&quot; program established for opioid abusers. The aim of this program is mainly to prevent blood-borne viral infections (HIV, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B) due to needles sharing. Methadone is a synthetic drug that offers very similar effect as heroin or morphine however no euphoria effect. Methadone is given to replace other opioids such as heroin and morphine in order to reduce the cravings and withdrawal symptoms experienced by patients. However not all the patients can control their cravings for using another drugs, many of them still using another drugs even after they consume methadone. Having difficultie...

Penyalahgunaan Narkoba terjadi akibat penggunaan zat yang disalahgunakan pemakaiannya, sehingga menimbulkan efek ketergantungan. Penyalahguna Narkoba dapat direhabilitasi dan dilakukan upaya pemulihan. Penyalahguna Narkoba yang telah direhabilitasi maupun masa pemulihan memungkinkan kembali menggunakan Narkoba (kambuh). Yayasan Maha Kasih telah mampu mengubah perilaku negatif 509 pemakai Narkoba ke perilaku positif (hidup sehat tanpa Narkoba), namun hasilnya 55% clean dan 45% relapse. Penyebab kekambuhan dapat disebabkan oleh tiga faktor, yaitu faktor individu, keluarga dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor penyebab dengan kekambuhan pada penyalahguna Narkoba di Yayasan Maha Kasih Kuningan. Metode: Penelitian termasuk jenis analitik, dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah penyalahguna Narkoba yang berada di Yayasan Maha Kasih Kuningan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling yaitu...

The literature on the social and emotional wellbeing of community musicians who engage with marginalised groups with complex mental health issues such as refugees, is relatively scarce. The Scattered People is a collective of volunteer musicians, music facilitators, and community development workers who engage, through musical activities, with asylum seekers and refugees who have experienced detention in Australia. This discussion focuses on key examples of social and emotional distress for community music facilitators through their interactions with asylum seekers. The community musicians explained the circumstances that had significant impacts on their wellbeing in terms of (i) their engagement with people in a detention centre, and (ii) the happiness and concerns linked to the asylum seekers they came across. Our paper presents the second author&#39;s reflections on two songs from the Scattered People repertoire, which were created and performed as the embodiment of these social ...

This study aims to examine whether there is a negative relationship between selfefficacy and the tendency of efficacy in drug addicts undergoing rehabilitation. The subjects in this study were 59 drug addicts who were undergoing the recovery process (hospitalization and outpatient care) in a drug rehabilitation centers in Yogyakarta. This study uses a scale of selfefficacy compiled by Noviza (2008) and modified by researchers based on aspects of self-efficacy Corsini (1994). While the Relapse Tendency scale uses a scale from Rozi (2016) that modified researchers referring to the relapse stages of Gorski and Miller (1986). Data analysis using product moment correlation technique shows the value of r =-0.352 (p = 0.006), which means there is a significant negative relationship between self-efficacy and the relapse tendency in drug addicts undergoing rehabilitation.

Background : The cumulative case of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Indonesia by the year 2007 was reported transmitted mostly through drug injection. We understand that injecting drug users facing a high risk to be infected by HIV / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome from two different source of transmission. First, through needle sharing and second through unsafe sexual intercourse this usually came along the drug use. This study is aimed to analyze factors related to needle sharing practise among injecting drug users in Semarang City. Method : This was an explanatory study, employed a survey method and cross sectional as the research design. Target population in this research was all injecting drug users in Semarang City. There were 75 respondents from 56 minimum sample size required involved in this research, selected by applying snowball sampling technique. Chi-Square analysis and biserial correlation were applied to measure bivariate correlation and logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results : Out of the 75 injecting drug users, 34,7% IDUs experience needle sharing during the last six month. It was found that needle sharing associated with knowledge of HIV/AIDS, perceived barrier of using sterile needle, low self-efficacy, needle exchange program use, availability of sterile needles, voluntary counseling and testing, and peer norms. Needle sharing was also associated with frequency of IDUs met outreach worker, but not associated with perceived susceptibility of HIV, perceived severity of AIDS, and perceived benefit of using sterile needle. Logistic regression found needle sharing to be more likely among injecting drug users have less knowledge of HIV/AIDS and low self-efficacy.

Injection drug user can be the gateway of various disease transmission such as hepatitis andHIV - AIDS. Many of injection drug users did therapy, but in fact there are still users who return to usedrug called recurrence or relapse. An important factor to help and save the drug users in order to getrid of the addicted is coping eff ort consisted of problem management and emotional regulation.The aimof this study was to fi nd out the relationship between coping eff ort with the eff ort of injection drug usersto recover theirself in Surabaya Orbit Foundation. This study used an observational study design andcross sectional study. The sample of this research determined by simple random sampling. Informationobtained through the questionnaire that read to the 34 respondents. The majority of respondents inthe study is male and work as a private employee, especially in the drugs area. Respondents aged areproductive and follow therapy 1–5 years. Respondents have a good coping eff ort and ver...

Background: This paper draws on existing literature across the fields of community music and health promotion to map the potential for participatory music practices to support health and well-being outcomes for asylum seekers and refugees across contexts of conflict, liminality and refuge. As such, the paper provides a foundation for future empirical work in the field of music and health for asylum seekers and refugees. Methods: The paper reports on the outcomes of a "scoping" literature review of the benefits of participatory music-making across three different contexts: "conflict" settings, refugee camps and resettlement settings. Results: The scoping review provided a new synthesis of existing knowledge and empirical work on the health and well-being outcomes of participatory music for asylum seekers and refugees across contexts. In particular, the review highlighted the different roles that music can have in people's lives as they move away from home countries towards resettlement settings. Conclusions: When coupled with broader evidence from the fields of health and wellbeing research, growing empirical research on music and well-being for asylum seekers provides a strong foundation for both further research and investment in music (and the arts more generally) as a key positive social and cultural determinant of health for this group.

Background: This paper draws on existing literature across the fields of community music and health promotion to map the potential for participatory music practices to support health and well-being outcomes for asylum seekers and refugees across contexts of conflict, liminality and refuge. As such, the paper provides a foundation for future empirical work in the field of music and health for asylum seekers and refugees. Methods: The paper reports on the outcomes of a "scoping" literature review of the benefits of participatory music-making across three different contexts: "conflict" settings, refugee camps and resettlement settings. Results: The scoping review provided a new synthesis of existing knowledge and empirical work on the health and well-being outcomes of participatory music for asylum seekers and refugees across contexts. In particular, the review highlighted the different roles that music can have in people's lives as they move away from home countries towards resettlement settings. Conclusions: When coupled with broader evidence from the fields of health and wellbeing research, growing empirical research on music and well-being for asylum seekers provides a strong foundation for both further research and investment in music (and the arts more generally) as a key positive social and cultural determinant of health for this group.

Publ is h ed by 1 ns titute of Ethnology .md Folklore Research, Z agreb T he book in clu d es arti cles based on th e papers p resented at t he interna tion al co n fe re nce " W ar, Ex il e, Every d ay Li fe", Zag rd1 l <JlJ:-i . It revea ls the scho larl y and l'lhi ca l co nce rn s o f t he rcsea r cher s o f th e Zag reb Institu te o f Ethn o logy and Folk lllrL' Resea rch w hP o rga ni r.ed t he co n ference, as WL' II as th e g ro w i ng aca d em ic in teres t amo ng sc ho lars th roug hou t Eun1pe in va ri o us cul t ural pheno mena provoked by th e wa r i n C r oa ti a and Bosni a-H L•rr.t>gov in a.

During the anthropological debate that followed the NT Intervention and the  publication of Sutton's book, two forces have become evident: the commitment of many anthropologists to a gerontocratic Aboriginal world which they encountered some decades ago during their young adulthood; and the shock of the new, that is, tradical he radical changes in the Aboriginal world, or the field where anthropologists gather their data, changes so radical that few anthropologists have adjusted intellectually to its challenges. The anthropology of the gerontocratic Aboriginal world of the past is of little relevance to the Aboriginal world in which a high proportion of the population consists of children or youth.

There is increased commitment to the participation and self-representation of people with lived experiences as refugees and asylum seekers in advocacy, especially at international, high-level events. However, we know very little about what opportunities and challenges such processes present. This paper reports on findings from a research project on youth participation and self-representation at the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in collaboration with two young women and two young men from refugee backgrounds who live in Australia. We contribute new perspectives to contemporary debates on the potential for participation and self-representation in high-level consultations to effect policy change.

The literature on the social and emotional wellbeing of community musicians who engage with marginalised groups with complex mental health issues such as refugees, is relatively scarce. The Scattered People is a collective of volunteer musicians, music facilitators, and community development workers who engage, through musical activities, with asylum seekers and refugees who have experienced detention in Australia. This discussion focuses on key examples of social and emotional distress for community music facilitators through their interactions with asylum seekers. The community musicians explained the circumstances that had significant impacts on their wellbeing in terms of (i) their engagement with people in a detention centre, and (ii) the happiness and concerns linked to the asylum seekers they came across. Our paper presents the second author's reflections on two songs from the Scattered People repertoire, which were created and performed as the embodiment of these social and emotional impacts. Our aim is to ensure that this important aspect of community music, which has been thus far neglected, receives more attention.

The aim of this review was to identify possible positive health and wellbeing outcomes of participatory music activities for culturally and linguistically diverse people who could be described as vulnerable or " at risk " in particular migrant populations. Nine databases were searched spanning 10 years (2002–2013). The search returned 977 results with 45 articles reviewed. Seven articles met the inclusion criteria with most studies involving adolescents. Despite the reported health outcomes the review identified a scarcity of generalisable quantitative research (n = 2) and credible qualitative research (n = 5) indicating a distinct need for robust future investigation in this pertinent area of research.

This article puts forward a reimagining of the concept of community in an immigration detention centre that emerged from the creation of cultural and performative spaces. It is argued that conceptualizing immigration detention centres as accidental communities can contribute to an understanding of the impact of participatory music-making activities in these spaces on the well-being of detainees. The research is based on the analysis of music facilitators' narratives of their experience in an Australian detention centre in 2012. Accidental communities are defined as those in which people are connected not through common culture or region, but who have been brought together by circumstance, and whose shared experience therefore forms the basis of their relationships within the community. It is proposed that participation in music-making activities in an accidental community informs a cultural space on the basis of expression of that experience rather than cross-cultural sharing and that the resultant politics of inclusion have a positive impact on the well-being of the detainees.

Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in October and November 2015, this study explores what it means to do asylum seeking in an era of globalisation. Observations were conducted in a community of asylum seekers and interviews were held with the main informant, a young Afghan man on his personal journey of existential change and becoming. His life history is presented and analysed, as changing timespace configurations continuously make him shift through various chronotopic identities. The concept of a rites of passage is employed as an overarching framework to present this life journey and to illustrate how living in a constant policy-imposed liminal phase may exacerbate (post-) traumatizing experiences. Based on the findings, a new paradigm is advocated in which asylum seekers are seen as individuals with lives of becoming, deserving of higher levels of agency and social inclusion.

Background: This paper draws on existing literature across the fields of community music and health promotion to map the potential for participatory music practices to support health and well-being outcomes for asylum seekers and refugees across contexts of conflict, liminality and refuge. As such, the paper provides a foundation for future empirical work in the field of music and health for asylum seekers and refugees. Methods: The paper reports on the outcomes of a "scoping" literature review of the benefits of participatory music-making across three different contexts: "conflict" settings, refugee camps and resettlement settings. Results: The scoping review provided a new synthesis of existing knowledge and empirical work on the health and well-being outcomes of participatory music for asylum seekers and refugees across contexts. In particular, the review highlighted the different roles that music can have in people's lives as they move away from home countries towards resettlement settings. Conclusions: When coupled with broader evidence from the fields of health and wellbeing research, growing empirical research on music and well-being for asylum seekers provides a strong foundation for both further research and investment in music (and the arts more generally) as a key positive social and cultural determinant of health for this group.

Background: There is growing evidence that participatory music can be supportive and empowering for marginalised, culturally diverse populations. Amid largely hostile reception of asylum-seekers in Australia, a group of music facilitators regularly attends an Immigration Transit Accommodation facility to share music and singing activities with detained asylum-seekers, to counter significant mental and emotional distress resulting from indefinite detention.
Methods: This paper outlines the key themes of a narrative analysis, from a health and wellbeing perspective, of music facilitators’ monthly written observations recorded in 2012.
Results: By drawing on examples from observational narratives, we outline a framework that suggests links between music and singing, and the health and wellbeing of detained asylum-seekers. The framework includes four intertwined concepts: i) Humanisation; ii) Community; iii) Resilience; and iv) Agency.
Conclusions: The framework suggests the potential for participatory music to counter the significant impact of traumatic experiences and detention on asylum-seekers’ health and wellbeing.

Background: This paper draws on existing literature across the fields of community music and health promotion to map the potential for participatory music practices to support health and well-being outcomes for asylum seekers and refugees across contexts of conflict, liminality and refuge. As such, the paper provides a foundation for future empirical work in the field of music and health for asylum seekers and refugees. Methods: The paper reports on the outcomes of a “scoping” literature review of the benefits of participatory music-making across three different contexts: “conflict” settings, refugee camps and resettlement settings. Results: The scoping review provided a new synthesis of existing knowledge and empirical work on the health and well-being outcomes of participatory music for asylum seekers and refugees across contexts. In particular, the review highlighted the different roles that music can have in people's lives as they move away from home countries towards resettlement settings. Conclusions: When coupled with broader evidence from the fields of health and well-being research, growing empirical research on music and well-being for asylum seekers provides a strong foundation for both further research and investment in music (and the arts more generally) as a key positive social and cultural determinant of health for this group.

This paper explores how Afghan women see themselves and how they wish to be perceived as they make their life in Australia during the first decades of the 21st Century. The current immigration issues surrounding asylum seekers are a major socio- political concern in Australia. Questions such as ‘Who are these people? and, Why do they come?,  are important in understanding this community as they resettle in Australia.