Sediment Analysis

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Sediment analysis is the scientific study of sedimentary materials, focusing on their composition, structure, and distribution. It involves the examination of physical, chemical, and biological properties of sediments to understand geological processes, environmental conditions, and historical changes in ecosystems.

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Storms in a lagoon: Flooding history during the last 1200 years derived from geological and historical archives of Schokland (Noordoostpolder, the Netherlands)

by Don van den Biggelaar and

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Cultural Sediment Formation in Open-Air Sites and Rock Shelters on the Brandberg, Namibia

by Leon Jacobson

Figure 1. The Brandberg and its location in Namibia (South West Africa).

Figure 2. Schematic setting of Tsisab A and Tsisab 30 sites (above), and partial plan of Tsisab A structures, indicating sample locations (S1-S7). Bedrock is Mesozoic lava for Tsisab 30, and Brandberg granite for Tsisab A.

Figure 3. Analytical results from Tsisab A and 30. Cumulative Textures are shown for the fraction under 6.3 mm. Calcium carbonate determined by bulk loss in acid only.

Figure 4. Analytical results from NV 2 and Lower Numas Cave. Calcium carbonate determined by bulk loss as well as by the Chittick method.

Girls School Shelter levels because it has a relatively high clay content and a relatively low proportion of very coarse material. This sample, which comes from a level beneath the 6510 B.P. date but above the probable M.S.A. levels, can tentatively be called an artifact of relatively intense human occupation; the high O.M. and P values helped simulate the relatively high clay content. samples from Tsisab 30, but the relative amount of ma- terial coarser than 6.3 mm is paralleled best by the coars- est of the Tsisab 30 samples (S2, S3). Since the shelter site is situated at the base of a slope, that slope probably is the source of the coarse material. The different, sym- metrical, and poorly sorted particle distribution charac- teristic of the Lower Numas Cave probably is compatible with a more completely enclosed shelter, acting as a better trap for fine sediments partly of cultural origin. In the Girls School Shelter and among the surface sites such fine components would have been both diluted and se- lectively washed or blown away. Higher O.M. values and quantities of organic material, especially charcoal, in the Lower Numas Cave samples reflect this factor as well as the intensity of human occupation and limited oxidation or rainwater eluviation within the enclosed shelter. The high CaCO; approximations for the first four levels can also be explained by lack of percolating water.

Figure 1. Location of the Vosburg Site in south-central Minnesota.

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Re-discovering the Neolithic Landscapes of Western Thessaly, Central Greece. In A. Blanco-Gonzales & T.L. Kienlin (eds.) Current Approaches to Tells in the Prehistoric Old World: 25-40

by Athanasia (Nancy) Krahtopoulou and

2020, Current Approaches to Tells in the Prehistoric Old World

Deeply stratified settlements are a distinctive site type featuring prominently in diverse later prehistoric landscapes of the Old World. Their massive materiality has attracted the curiosity of lay people and archaeologists alike.... more

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Sediment Analysis

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