Personal Digital Assistant

In oral and other health research, participant literacy levels may impact the quality of data obtained through self-report (e.g., degree of data missingness). This study addressed whether computerized administration of a battery of psychosocial instruments used in an oral health disparities research protocol yielded more complete data than paper-and-pencil administration and aimed to determine the role of general literacy in differences in data missingness between administration types. Oral health data were obtained from 1,652 adolescent and adult participants who were administered a large questionnaire battery via either paper-and-pencil or tablet personal computer. Number of unanswered items for each participant was compared across administration mode. For a subset of 171 participants who were randomized to one of the administration modes, general literacy and satisfaction with the questionnaire experience also were assessed. Participants assigned to complete the oral health quest...

In this paper we describe a disaster management system. It is assumed that each individual in the field is equipped with a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) and that can communicate with other PDAs in the vicinity. Together the PDAs form an ad-hoc network. Users can enter their own observations to the PDA, like the position of victims, or a description of the current situation at particular location (e.g. smoke, emergency exits, traffic congestion). This information is entered in a special iconic language. Reversibly, the PDAs inform the users on the overall current situation of the crisis. In order to come to a shared view of the world, the knowledge that is present in the network has to be shared and fused. The proposed way to communicate is via a shared blackboard. This approach facilitates communication in a time and place independent way.

This study investigated employment outcomes among young adults on the autism spectrum. Questionnaire responses indicated high job satisfaction and job retention. However, the majority were in low paid, part-time positions. Most found their job through a personal contact, and received a range of informal supports and accommodations on the job.

Creating the illusion of depth in images was first invented 1838 by Sir Charles Wheatstone. It is today still a great experience to view high quality large format images with depth perception, exceptionally of virtual objects like reconstructions of the past or building projects. High quality presentation of computer graphics is provided by projection onto a transparent screen surface from behind. Image separation can be easily performed by polarisation filters in front of the projection lenses. It is necessary that the beholders carry polarized glasses. Interactive viewing in this context means, that the observer is able to select image pairs from the database, can zoom in and out, select the display details and sets the zero parallax to an arbitrary position. The selection must be simultaneously transferred to the second image of the stereoscopic pair. While each data projector is driven by its own computer, a PDA (personal digital assistant) is recommended to receive the instruct...

In recent years, speech recognition technology has reached a level of maturity to play an important role as a key component of conversational interfaces in many applications, including new services developed on portable devices with limited resources like mobile phones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDA). In this context, Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems needs to meet two conditions: flrstly, robustness against a great range of adverse acoustic conditions (for example, additive noise) and secondly, low memory and processing requirements. This paper deals with these questions by means of the study of low-resource techniques based on parameter transformations aimed at providing ASR systems with a great robustness.

Aim: The study examined the effect of time on amount of voltage generated in a foot beat electricity generating system stored in a battery. Study Design: A system made of piezoelectric materials was designed such that the foot beats of dancers on a platform would cause a mechanical deformation that would lead to conversion of mechanical energy due to pressure from the foot beats to electrical energy; and can be stored in a rechargeable lead acid battery for future use. Place and Duration of Study: Awka Anambra State, Nigeria, between November 2018 and April 2020. Methodology: A sheet of plywood measuring 300 mm x 300 mm x 3 mm thick was placed on a hard wooden board of 300 mm x 300 mm x 25 mm thick where twelve piezoelectric sensors were connected in series with foam spring inserted as separators and to aid in returning after deformation. As the dancers step on the platform, multimeter was used to take the voltage and current readings, while Lead acid rechargeable battery could be c...

Objective: To investigate the associations between intimate partner violence, rape and HIV among South African men. Design: Cross-sectional study involving a randomly-selected sample of men. We tested hypotheses that perpetration of physical intimate partner violence and rape were associated with prevalent HIV infections in a cross-sectional household study of 1229 South African men aged 18-49. Violence perpetration was elicited in response to a questionnaire administered using an Audio-enhanced Personal Digital Assistant and blood samples were tested for HIV. A multivariable logistic regression model was built to identify factors associated with HIV. Results: 18.3% of men had HIV. 29.6% (358/1211) of men disclosed rape perpetration, 5.2% (63/1208) rape in the past year and 30.7% (362/1180) of had been physically violent towards an intimate partner more than once. Overall rape perpetration was not associated with HIV. The model of factors associated with having HIV showed men under 25 years who had been physically violent towards partners were more likely to have HIV than men under 25 who had not (aOR 2.08 95% CI 1.07-4.06, p = 0.03). We failed to detect any association in older men. Conclusions: Perpetration of physical IPV is associated with HIV sero-prevalence in young men, after adjusting for other risk factors. This contributes to our understanding of why women who experience violence have a higher HIV prevalence. Rape perpetration was not associated, but the HIV prevalence among men who had raped was very high. HIV prevention in young men must seek to change ideals of masculinity in which male partner violence is rooted.

Within research to the objective of itineraries i t is a requirement to acquire for a (large) group of respondents during a certain period for each conducted trip the location and time of depart and arrival, the route, travel mode, and also the activity purpose (i.e. travel to work. family visit, or just a walk for leisure). All trips must be reported and for cach trip thc requested data must be correct, complete and valid. In our research a GPS device is used to track and log the geometry and time for all trips during the research period, and a web map application is used by the respondents to specify the departure, the arrival location and the activity purpose of cach trip. In that way \vc try to avoid errors, log gaps, and invalid entries, and we provide a rnean to correct these once they are made. In conjunction existing geo-information is used to auton~atically interpret the trnces and translate these into meaningful trips and activities.

Al observar el entorno que nos rodea, podemos apreciar un sin número de dispositivos dotados con capacidades de cómputo y comunicación, acoplados plenamente a nuestro hábitat, que nos suministran información relacionada con nuestras necesidades y de fenómenos que suceden en el ambiente. Algunos de esos elementos son los llamados sensores, dispositivos capaces de capturar señales (información) del entorno o del propio usuario, que posteriormente serán transmitidos a una unidad central en la cual mediante hardware y software serán interpretadas con el fin de analizar el comportamiento de un fenómeno o situación. El aspecto fundamental en una RIS es tratar de optimizar el uso de la fuente energía de cada nodo. El proceso que mas consume energía es cuando el nodo debe enviar datos a un central de procesamiento, por tal motivo se han desarrollado mejoras a los mecanismos involucrados en esta labor. Los algoritmos de enrutamiento permite seleccionar la mejor ruta para ir del nodo origen al nodo destino en las RIS se debe tratar de emplear la ruta más óptima puesto que cada nodo (sensor) se convierte en un nodo de enrutamiento.

With the rapid evolution of mobile and ubiquitous computing, small-scale devices like personal digital assistants, smart "converged" phones and laptops now dominate the market. Despite the parallel emergence of the grid as the new distributed computing infrastructure, an integrated hybrid grid system that consists of both traditional fixed nodes but mobile and limited devices as well, has only recently gained some popularity. One of the main challenges in realizing this integration is the very low levels of reliability and availability of small scale and mobile devices -a characteristic that could compromise the overall dependability and performance of the whole grid system. In this paper we try to identify the main dependability requirements for such a hybrid grid system. We then present our own approach to an efficient integration using our virtual clusters platform, and explain how we manage to meet the dependability requirements as set by our research.

The emergence of pervasive and mobile computing has drawn research attention to integrated mobile Grid systems. These new hybrid Grids consist of a typical SOA backbone extended to include mobile and small scale devices such as personal digital assistants, smart-phones, multimedia devices, and intelligent sensors. In a fully integrated model, mobile devices are able to act both as consumers and providers to open up a completely new range of very interesting possibilities in exploiting their mobile nature, unique functionality, and context awareness. However, in resource-limited environments, traditional SOA frameworks cannot easily be deployed since they assume a plethora of available device resources, and have a number of complex dependencies, thus rendering them unsuitable for resourceconstrained devices. Therefore, a smaller and simpler server-side container with reduced requirements and dependencies is needed. The contribution of this paper is two-fold: first, we have designed a J2ME-compliant socket-based server-side container, and second, we have demonstrated how an aggregator framework enables such mobile services to be accessed using standard-based Web services in a high-level manner.

ABSTRACT: Nowadays, wireless technology has been widely used in various applications. Mobile Internet users have been increasing rapidly around the world. Several benefits of using mobile internet includes transmitting data through querying and updating databases, ...

This report provides an overview of travel surveys and the motivation for the research and development of the Global Positioning System Automated Travel Diary (GPS-ATD). The system requirements and specifications for the device development are presented and discussed. In addition, the detailed architecture, hardware, software, and user interface design are included. Vehicular and personal GPS-ATD systems were developed to support comprehensive traveler behavior studies. The GPS-ATD provides an intuitive user interface to capture trip activity information (trip purpose, travel mode, etc.), with minimal user input and burden during travel surveys. Each survey participant interacts with their own personal GPS-ATD, and information is automatically coordinated between personal and vehicular GPS-ATD units via ZigBee wireless. The system captures and logs data from the High-Sensitivity GPS (HSGPS) receiver, allowing subsequent identification of corridors, route lengths, and regional and in...

sponsible, as the chaplain noted, for the ethical, moral, and financial debris of a partial code? The state who authorized the use of the advance directive allowing a partial code? The hospital who permitted the partial code? The physicians? The patient? The family? All of the above? It's an issue that merits further discussion, especially with an aging population in which resuscitative success declines, 5 an ever-increasing use of life-prolonging medical technology that complicates the acceptance of death, and now, Medicare reimbursement for advance care discussions. So in the end, when a patient survives a partial code, it can often portend a messy and emotional future for the family as well as the physician, not to mention the financial repercussions for the hospital and family. As with Colorado's advance directive, the Medical Orders for Scope of Treatment (MOST) () which offers the choice of full code or no code with no menu of other options-perhaps codes should be an all or nothing event, not "everything but intubation," or "everything but cardioversion," or "everything but intravenous medications," or "everything but chest compressions." Certainly, some will argue such a policy is paternalistic and devoid of patient autonomy, but if the idea is to save a life and restore the person to the living, why would we not perform a full code, even if brief and time-limited, rather than a resuscitative façade, such as chest compressions without intubation?

This paper describes the process and outcomes of the evaluation of a user interface prototype running on a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). The prototype was developed in the context of the IST-funded project WARD-IN-HAND and implements a PDA version of a ward information system. The evaluation, carried out by the IS4ALL project, was based on a usage scenario comprising mock-ups and textual descriptions of the typical tasks of the system. Although the evaluation revealed a range of usability issues to be addressed, in this paper we consider only those which feature prominent in the vast majority of PDA-based applications, such as adaptability, individualisation, user profiling, alternative dialogue styles, localisation, etc., and propose design solutions of general purpose, as a basis for improved design practice.

Prescription errors remain a critical issue in healthcare systems, often resulting in preventable harm to patients. These errors can occur at various stages, including prescribing, dispensing, and administration. Common causes include illegible handwriting, incorrect dosage, and mismatched prescriptions that do not align with a patient's condition. This paper aims to identify the contributing factors to prescription errors and evaluate effective strategies for prevention. A meta analysis approach was used, focusing on peer reviewed articles from the last ten years that addressed interventions such as electronic prescribing, pharmacist involvement, and staff education. The findings reveal that a combination of digital tools and multidisciplinary collaboration can significantly reduce prescription errors. Electronic prescribing systems minimize manual entry mistakes pharmacist led revies improve drug appropriateness, and continuous education strengthens prescribing behavior. The results highlight the need for systemic improvements rather that relying solely on individual accountability. Implications for practice include prioritizing technology integration and ongoing training to improve safety. Although limitations exist instandardizing unterventions across healtcare settings, this study reinforces the importance if a comprehensive approach to prevent prescription errors.

The healthcare industry is becoming more and more distributed; organizations are increasingly relying on mobile links to access patient information and to update their databases at the point of care. New technologies, such as Internet solutions or wireless, are enabling the widely disparate systems used in healthcare to communicate with each other and are reducing the cost of integration. Hospitals can access critical patient information and billing data from anyplace and anytime, including community clinics, patient homes, or at the scene of an emergency. In this article, we will present a mobile hospital solution that is based on DB2 Everyplace. DB2 Everyplace extends the power of database systems to handheld devices for the ever-growing mobile business environment. The article continues with a medical scenario that describes an application for home care nurses. The article closes with a short description of a mobile hospital solution with DB2 Everyplace in a Canadian hospital.

We describe our system which facilitates collaboration using multiple modalities, including speech, handwriting, gestures, gaze tracking, direct manipulation, large projected touch-sensitive displays, laser pointer tracking, regular monitors with a mouse and keyboard, and wirelessly-networked handhelds. Our system allows multiple, geographically dispersed participants to simultaneously and flexibly mix different modalities using the right interface at the right time on one or more machines. This paper discusses each of the modalities provided, how they were integrated in the system architecture, and how the user interface enabled one or more people to flexibly use one or more devices.

Many project scheduling and management software systems are being employed in the construction industry. Standards-based translation is one way to achieve interoperability. This study discusses the applicability of the Process Specifi cation Language (PSL) for exchanging project scheduling information among different applications. PSL was initiated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and is emerging as a standard exchange language for process information in the manufacturing industry. This paper explores how PSL can be used for exchanging project scheduling information among software programs in project management. Furthermore, we investigate how PSL could be utilized to reason about potential confl icts and to perform consistency checking on project scheduling information.

Abstract: The paper describes an M-Learning system, implemented on the J2ME platform, that uses Bluetooth wireless networks in a Piconets architecture to offer services for mobile devices. The access to these services is made possible by using Bluetooth capabilities of a mobile device that is part of an distributed system. The paper analyzes the security aspect of accessing the Bluetooth service from a CIA, Confidentiality, Integrity and Authenticity, point of view. There are described the security options implemented by the Bluetooth Protocol, ...

As the Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) user population continues to expand, there is a need to design more useful devices and applications to facilitate the utilization of PDAs. We conducted a structured interview study to examine PDA usage and non-usage patterns among physicians. The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify the barriers that impede physicians in their PDA use. A data collection tool was developed to record: 1) how physicians use their PDAs, 2) functions and applications used, 3) functions and applications not used, 4) reasons and examples of why physicians don't use PDAs for those functions, and 5) the recall of specific incidents of PDA usage using Critical Incident Technique (CIT). Interview data were transcribed and analyzed. Study findings and how those barriers can be addressed are discussed.

This paper introduces Information Valets ("iValets"), a general framework for intelligent access to information. Our goal is to support access to a range of information sources from a range of client devices with some degree of uniformity. Further, the information server is aware of its user and user devices, learning from the user's past interactions where and how to send new incoming information from whatever information is available for the given task. Our metaphor is that of a valet that sits between a user's client devices and the information services that the user made want to access. The paper presents the general structure of an iValet, cataloging the main design decisions that must go into the design of any such system. To demonstrate this, the paper instantiates the abstract iValet model with a fielded prototype system, the EmailValet, which learns users' email-reading preferences on wireless platforms.

The Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP) program is designed to prevent delirium and cognitive decline in the hospitalized elderly patient. Personal digital assistants (PDAs) were trialed in collecting assessment data for the HELP program. Data for a mental status assessment (Mini-Mental Status Examination), delirium assessment (Confusion Assessment Method), and a depression screen for 352 patients enrolled over a 4-month period were collected. Participants had a slight but significant increase in cognitive function. PDAs are a useful adjunct to care enabling the staff to monitor the cognitive status of hospitalized elderly patients and track program outcomes.

The Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP) program is designed to prevent delirium and cognitive decline in the hospitalized elderly patient. Personal digital assistants (PDAs) were trialed in collecting assessment data for the HELP program. Data for a mental status assessment (Mini-Mental Status Examination), delirium assessment (Confusion Assessment Method), and a depression screen for 352 patients enrolled over a 4-month period were collected. Participants had a slight but significant increase in cognitive function. PDAs are a useful adjunct to care enabling the staff to monitor the cognitive status of hospitalized elderly patients and track program outcomes.

As electronic devices such as Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), cellular phones and pagers become daily tools for viewing e-mail, news, and websites, the need for new methods of reading text on small screen interfaces increases. Recent studies have demonstrated Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) to be a viable method of presenting text on small screens. This study examined the effects of three font sizes (12, 20, & 28-point) and two presentation rates on reading comprehension of text presented in RSVP. Results showed significantly higher reading comprehension for text presented at 250 wpm compared to 650 wpm. No effect of font size was found for reading comprehension, but participants preferred the 20-point font size compared to the 12-point font size.

The purpose of this study was to determine if race/ethnicity, payer type, or nursing specialty affected depression screening rates in primary care settings in which nurses received a reminder to screen. The sample comprised 4,160 encounters in which nurses enrolled in advanced practice training were prompted to screen for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2/PHQ-9 integrated into a personal digital assistant-based clinical decision support system for depression screening and management. Nurses chose to screen in response to 52.5% of reminders. Adjusted odds ratios showed that payer type and nurse specialty, but not race/ethnicity, significantly predicted proportion of patients screened.

The purpose of this study was to determine if race/ethnicity, payer type, or nursing specialty affected depression screening rates in primary care settings in which nurses received a reminder to screen. The sample comprised 4,160 encounters in which nurses enrolled in advanced practice training were prompted to screen for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2/PHQ-9 integrated into a personal digital assistant-based clinical decision support system for depression screening and management. Nurses chose to screen in response to 52.5% of reminders. Adjusted odds ratios showed that payer type and nurse specialty, but not race/ethnicity, significantly predicted proportion of patients screened.

The purpose of this study was to determine if race/ethnicity, payer type, or nursing specialty affected depression screening rates in primary care settings in which nurses received a reminder to screen. The sample comprised 4,160 encounters in which nurses enrolled in advanced practice training were prompted to screen for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2/PHQ-9 integrated into a personal digital assistant-based clinical decision support system for depression screening and management. Nurses chose to screen in response to 52.5% of reminders. Adjusted odds ratios showed that payer type and nurse specialty, but not race/ethnicity, significantly predicted proportion of patients screened.

The purpose of this study was to determine if race/ethnicity, payer type, or nursing specialty affected depression screening rates in primary care settings in which nurses received a reminder to screen. The sample comprised 4,160 encounters in which nurses enrolled in advanced practice training were prompted to screen for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2/PHQ-9 integrated into a personal digital assistant-based clinical decision support system for depression screening and management. Nurses chose to screen in response to 52.5% of reminders. Adjusted odds ratios showed that payer type and nurse specialty, but not race/ethnicity, significantly predicted proportion of patients screened.

The purpose of this study was to determine if race/ethnicity, payer type, or nursing specialty affected depression screening rates in primary care settings in which nurses received a reminder to screen. The sample comprised 4,160 encounters in which nurses enrolled in advanced practice training were prompted to screen for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2/PHQ-9 integrated into a personal digital assistant-based clinical decision support system for depression screening and management. Nurses chose to screen in response to 52.5% of reminders. Adjusted odds ratios showed that payer type and nurse specialty, but not race/ethnicity, significantly predicted proportion of patients screened.

The purpose of this study was to determine if race/ethnicity, payer type, or nursing specialty affected depression screening rates in primary care settings in which nurses received a reminder to screen. The sample comprised 4,160 encounters in which nurses enrolled in advanced practice training were prompted to screen for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2/PHQ-9 integrated into a personal digital assistant-based clinical decision support system for depression screening and management. Nurses chose to screen in response to 52.5% of reminders. Adjusted odds ratios showed that payer type and nurse specialty, but not race/ethnicity, significantly predicted proportion of patients screened.

The purpose of this study was to determine if race/ethnicity, payer type, or nursing specialty affected depression screening rates in primary care settings in which nurses received a reminder to screen. The sample comprised 4,160 encounters in which nurses enrolled in advanced practice training were prompted to screen for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2/PHQ-9 integrated into a personal digital assistant-based clinical decision support system for depression screening and management. Nurses chose to screen in response to 52.5% of reminders. Adjusted odds ratios showed that payer type and nurse specialty, but not race/ethnicity, significantly predicted proportion of patients screened.

An immersive video system that has been developed for the purpose of evaluating future traveller information system (F-TIS), in particular, F-TIS scenarios that rely on a pervasive computing infrastructure is presented. Immersive video uses multiple video streams captured from a first person perspective at key locations in a scenario. By dynamically reconstructing a user's visual and aural experiences, the immersive video system creates a lab-based framework that captures a number of contextual factors of real-world mobile information system use. Graphical user interfaces, displayed on a wearable display and a personal digital assistant, are used in the evaluation. Both the technical basis of the immersive video system and its application to the study of user perceptions and reactions to pervasive information services are presented. The provision of traveller information, in the form of available travel options and other salient data, is generally acknowledged as having the potential to change traveller behaviour and mode choices. Such changes are expected to benefit the whole transport system, if the information provided is timely, reliable and appropriate to travellers' needs [1 -12]. Currently, traveller information, ranging from paperbased timetables and road atlases to web-based dynamic journey planners and in-vehicle navigation systems, is widely available. However, integrated multimodal personal navigation and information systems, which provide bespoke and tailored travel assistance anywhere and at any time, remain an aspiration. An underlying information infrastructure is yet to be established that will allow real-time integration across all transport services and options. Advances in information, computing and communication technology are ushering in the era of pervasive computing where computers will in essence disappear into the fabric of everyday life . As a result, everything and everyone will be connected through wireless networks. The whole environments will be sensitive, adaptive and responsive to individual capabilities, needs, habits, gestures and even emotions . Accordingly, pervasive computing have the potential to change transport infrastructure radically, allowing real-time monitoring of transport networks and services, and providing travellers with timely, personalised and accurate information services . The user will no longer need to search disparate sources of information for the most appropriate travel option, but instead will receive context-aware and personalised travel information and support. This vision of fully connected and pervasive information systems is a component of the future transport system envisaged by the recently published report by the Foresight Directorate of the UK governments' Office of Science and Technology, Intelligent Infrastructure Systems study which explored in detail the implications of science and technology over the next 50 years . To

CAFE ("Conditional Access for Europe") is an ongoing project in the European Community's ESPRIT program. The goal of CAFE is to develop innovative systems for conditional access, and in particular, digital payment systems. An important aspect of CAFE is high security of all parties concerned, with the least possible requirements that they are forced to trust other parties (so-called multi-party security). This should give legal certainty to everybody at all times. Moreover, both the electronic money issuer and the individual users are less dependent on the tamper-resistance of devices than in usual digital payment systems. Since CAFE aims at the market of small everyday payments that is currently dominated by cash, payments are offline, and privacy is an important issue. The basic devices used in CAFE are so-called electronic wallets, whose outlook is quite similar to pocket calculators or PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant). Particular advantages of the electronic wallets are that PINs can be entered directly, so that fake-terminal attacks are prevented. Other features are: • Loss tolerance: If a user loses an electronic wallet, or the wallet breaks or is stolen, the user can be given the money back, although it is a prepaid payment system. • Different currencies. • Open architecture and system. The aim is to demonstrate a set of the systems developed in one or more field trials at the end of the project. Note that these will be real hardware systems, suitable for mass production. This paper concentrates on the basic techniques used in the CAFE protocols.

TravInfo is part of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Field Operational Test (FOT) program. It aims to develop a multi-modal traveler information system for the San Francisco Bay Area, combining public and private sector talents. This working paper presents the preliminary findings of the first wave Broad Area survey administered in November 1995. The purpose of the survey was to define baseline attitudes, opinions and travel behavior of Bay Area travelers for the assessment of the general impact of TravInfo. The survey questions were directed to the trip characteristics, the acquisition patterns of pre-trip and en route traffic information, the effects of traffic information on travel behavior and the demographic profiles of Bay Area travelers. The survey shows that three quarters of the participants listen to traffic reports at least on occasion and about one half of those who listen change travel habits as a result of traveler information. The benefits of getting traveler information include the ability to make informed travel decisions, save travel time, and reduce anxiety.

All staff members and residents at the department of Cardiology are provided with a Palm Tungsten-T Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). All departmental clinical guidelines, which are based on international (ESC) and national guidelines, are available on the PDA. The guidelines are created with Frontpage and iSiloX, and are stored in iSilo format. In addition to the guidelines, medical calculators and medication subscription software are available on the PDA. Primary risk-prediction software, developed earlier in our department, is also available. To make sure that information on the PDA is always up-to-date, the devices can be synchronized wirelessly via Bluetooth LAN Access Points. -Provide closer integration with Microsoft Office programs, including the ability to create formatted Word documents -Are gaining market share -Are faster and can run programs which are more memory-demanding We have chosen to provide all staff members and residents at the department of Cardiology with a Palm Tungsten-T Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) (see Figure ).

We present an intelligent agent designed to compile a daily news program for individual users. Based on feedback from the user, the system automatically adapts to the user’s preferences and interests. In this paper we focus on the system's user modeling component. First, we motivate the use of a multi-strategy machine learning approach that allows for the induction of user models that consist of separate models for long-term and short-term interests. Second, we investigate the utility of explicitly modeling information that the system has already presented to the user. This allows us to address an important issue that has thus far received virtually no attention in the Information Retrieval community: the fact that a user's information need changes as a direct result of interaction with information. We evaluate the proposed algorithms on user data collected with a prototype of our system, and assess the individual performance contributions of both

The three pillars of usability are efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction. Today’s human-computer interface (HCI), used in cellular phone, software, Internet, personal digital assistants and others should be designed to meet these three pillars. This research investigates the influence of two different interfaces on usability as they relate to gender. An experiment was conducted such that objective data were first captured while participants were performing specific image editing tasks, followed by a subjective evaluation of the participants’ experience. The independent variables were gender and the interface. The dependent variables were task completion time, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Results suggest that males outperform females in new tasks while using a menu driven interface and both new and common tasks while using an icon based interface. Both genders seem to take longer time to complete the same task (for both common and new) using an icon based inte...

A new monitoring tool called FFI (FEAT/FIREMON Integrated) has been developed to assist managers with collection, storage and analysis of ecological information. The tool was developed through the complementary integration of two fire effects monitoring systems commonly used in the United States: FIREMON and the Fire Ecology Assessment Tool. FFI provides software components for: data entry, data storage, Geographic Information System, summary reports, analysis tools and Personal Digital Assistant use. In addition to a large set of standard FFI protocols, the Protocol Manager lets users define their own sampling protocol when custom data entry forms are needed. The standard FFI protocols and Protocol Manager allow FFI to be used for monitoring in a broad range of ecosystems. FFI is designed to help managers fulfil monitoring mandates set forth in land management policy. It supports scalable (project- to landscape-scale) monitoring at the field and research level, and encourages coope...

The need for rational prescribing, that is, the selection of the most appropriate therapeutic regimen for a specific patient, is greater than ever. For example, a recent study identified physicians' poor prescribing performance as the source for over 70% of clinically significant medication errors in a tertiary-care setting. 1 This may not be surprising given that physicians are expected to incorporate vast amounts of critical information on an ever-increasing number of prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and herbal supplements into prescribing in real time. New data on genetically determined differences in drug action and drug metabolism become available on a daily basis. The problem is further confounded by an aging population with multiple medical problems taking multiple drugs, vitamins, and herbal preparations. Limitations imposed by formulary requirements of health insurance plans and hospital systems further complicate the matter. At the same time, public aware-From the

Recent progress in Artificial Intelligence, sensing and network technology, robotics, and (cloud) computing has enabled the development of intelligent autonomous machine systems. Telling such autonomous systems "what to do" in a responsible way, is a non-trivial task. For intelligent autonomous machines to function in human society and collaborate with humans, we see three challenges ahead affecting meaningful control of autonomous systems. First, autonomous machines are not yet capable of handling failures and unexpected situations. Providing procedures for all possible failures and situations is unfeasible because the state-action space would explode. Machines should therefore become self-aware (self-assessment, self-management) enabling them to handle unexpected situations when they arise. This is a challenge for the computer science community. Second, in order to keep (meaningful) control, humans come into a new role of providing intelligent autonomous machines with objectives or goal functions (including rules, norms, constraints and moral values), specifying the utility of every possible outcome of actions of autonomous machines. Third, in order to be able to collaborate with humans, autonomous systems will require an understanding of (us) humans (i.e., our social, cognitive, affective and physical behaviors) and the ability to engage in partnership interactions (such as explanations of task performances, and the establishment of joint goals and work agreements). These are new challenges for the cognitive ergonomics community. CCS CONCEPTS • Human-centered computing → Interaction design → Interaction design theory, concepts and paradigms;

This research proposed the Motorway Travel Information system (MTIS) to assists motorists in using the motorway. The system architecture supports both context-aware information for alert and warning, and a new approach is used to provide motorists with information about the businesses at each of the exits. Each business at an exit must be registered with the NTIS service server in a computing cloud. Algorithm is designed to exploit this information. Consequently, the passengers in a car can make requests to the servers to find matching services by business entities located at an exit. Several heuristics are proposed to use in the matching algorithm to find the desired exits to get the services requested by the passengers.