Periodic Table of elements

This document contains a detailed qualitative and quantitative presentation of element clusters derived from the Universal Binary Principle (UBP) spatial modeling of the periodic table. For each cluster (0-14) the document lists: (1) Traditional periodic-table properties; (2) Encoded OffBit layer values (per the encoding scheme: Reality = Z/2, Information = Mass/5, Activation = Group, Unactivated = Period); (3) Summary statistics for encoded layers; and (4) qualitative observations prompts for interpretation.

We are responsible for whatever we name to any form existent in nature in order to bring into our consciousness. For systematic terminology formation, major languages around the globe refer to the liturgical languages of the past. With wide usage in the Indosphere, a major ancient scientific hub, and bearing cultural and religious significance, Sanskrit can form terms as in Greeco-Latin using three elements but shorter in length than average English words. In this current work, we are going to restructure a renewed model based on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry devised by Raghu Vira in 1955 and we will suggest improvements based on current usages post 2017, which will enhance the creative expression and exhibit the scientific literary capabilities of Indospherical languages (Indian subcontinent and South East Asia) from scientific point of view. We also worked upon the Mancude Ring system and Hantzsch-Widman Nomenclature and the Modern Periodic Table with Sanskritized names and expanded the Table by coining newer names for recently discovered elements.

Assessment and feedback are a crucial element in providing pupils' learning performance in the classroom. This study aims to explore the practice of using feedback in classroom assessment among the primary school-Cluster School of Excellence teachers in Malacca. In particular, it provides information on understanding the concept of classroom assessment and evaluates the practice of giving feedback towards pupils' learning outcomes. This qualitative study involved 8 teachers, 4 core subject teachers in Malay, English, Science and Mathematics and 4 teachers involved in the management of assessments namely the Headmaster, Senior Administrative Assistant, School Assessment Coordinator and SIC + who were chosen as the research sample to be interviewed. The findings concerning the understanding of the concept and the function of classroom assessment for primary school Cluster Excellence teachers are very clear. The findings of the practice of giving feedback to pupils' work indicate that the practice is common however the feedback information is very limited in use among teachers.

Předložená práce slouží jako prolegomena k diplomové práci autorky, na niž bude dále navazováno na poli žákovského porozumění genetickým a molekulárním konceptům včetně soudobého fenoménu biotechnologií (výzkumný projekt byl v této podobě naplánován, schválen a podpořen granty v letech 2018-2019 a 2021-2022). Vedoucím kvalifikační práce byl RNDr. Martin Jáč, Ph.D.

Práce reflektuje teoretická východiska problematiky žákovského porozumění buněčné biologii (resp. molekulární biologii a genetice) v kontextu základních poznatků teorie konceptuální změny, nabízí vhled do oblasti diagnostiky žákovských prekoncepcí a souběžně poskytuje zpracovanou obsahovou analýzu tematického celku buněčné biologie v učebnicích přírodopisu, na jejímž základě byl sestaven diagnostický nástroj, sloužící pro budoucí výzkum žákovských prekoncepcí v dané oblasti - hlavní výzkum nemohl být realizován z důvodu vypuknutí pandemie COVID-19 a s ní spjatými opatřeními, dopadajícími i na oblast školství.

The present thesis serves as a prolegomena to the author´s diploma thesis, which is going to be followed by further reseach on pupils´ understanding of genetics and molecular biology concepts, including the contemporary phenomenon of biotechnology (the research project was planned, accepted and provided with grants in 2018-2019 and 2021-2022). Thesis supervisor was dr. Martin Jáč.

The thesis reflects the theoretical principles (conceptual framework) of pupils´ understanding of cell biology (molecular biology and genetics) in the context of the Conceputal Change Theory, offers an insight into the diagnosis of pupils´ preconceptions and, simultaneously provides a content analysis of cell biology curriculum in biology textbooks. On the basis of the processed analysis, a diagnostic tool serving for the future research on pupils´ preconceptions was provided. The main research was not carried out due to the COVID-19 outbreak and related precautions (only a pilot study).

Práce se zaměřuje na tvorbu pomocného didaktického materiálu k exkurzi u expozice Periodická tabulka prvků na Chemické sekci Přírodovědecké fakulty Univerzity Karlovy. Teoretická část se zaobírá rešerší kurikulárních dokumentů a učebnic pro základní školy a gymnázia a jejich vztahu k periodické tabulce prvků a exkurzím. Následně je rozebrána tématika pracovních listu. Praktická část popisuje tvorbu pracovních listů, výběru otázek a řešení jednotlivých úloh. Byly vytvořeny dvě verze pracovních listů. Základoškolská verze obsahuje 11 úloh a středoškolská obsahuje 12 úloh.The thesis is focused on creation of helpful didactic material for a field trip for exposition Periodic table of elements in the Chemistry section at the Faculty of Science, Charles University. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with research of curricular documents for elementary schools and grammar schools with regard to the periodic table of elements and field trips. Consequently the topic of worksheets is el...

In the last few years, several investigators have detected a high prevalence of positive patch test reactions to palladium chloride in nickel-sensitized patients. In the majority of these patients, the positive patch tests to palladium chloride had no clinical relevance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and the clinical relevance of the patch test reactions to palladium in patients undergoing patch tests. Two thousand three hundred consecutive patients with allergic contact dermatitis were patch tested with PdCIz (1% petrolatum) between January 1991 and September 1992. A positive reaction to palladium chloride was detected in 171 of the 2,300 patients (7.4%). One hundred sixty-nine of these 171 patients had a concomitant positive reaction to nickel sulfate. In our opinion, the similarity of the external electronic structure of these two elements is not sufficient by itself to justify a wrong immunologic recognition, whereas a stereochemical analysis of the compound of these two metals could better explain the possible mechanism of this cross-reaction.

In the last few years, several investigators have detected a high prevalence of positive patch test reactions to palladium chloride in nickel-sensitized patients. In the majority of these patients, the positive patch tests to palladium chloride had no clinical relevance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and the clinical relevance of the patch test reactions to palladium in patients undergoing patch tests. Two thousand three hundred consecutive patients with allergic contact dermatitis were patch tested with PdCIz (1% petrolatum) between January 1991 and September 1992. A positive reaction to palladium chloride was detected in 171 of the 2,300 patients (7.4%). One hundred sixty-nine of these 171 patients had a concomitant positive reaction to nickel sulfate. In our opinion, the similarity of the external electronic structure of these two elements is not sufficient by itself to justify a wrong immunologic recognition, whereas a stereochemical analysis of the compound of these two metals could better explain the possible mechanism of this cross-reaction.

In the last few years, several investigators have detected a high prevalence of positive patch test reactions to palladium chloride in nickel-sensitized patients. In the majority of these patients, the positive patch tests to palladium chloride had no clinical relevance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and the clinical relevance of the patch test reactions to palladium in patients undergoing patch tests. Two thousand three hundred consecutive patients with allergic contact dermatitis were patch tested with PdCIz (1% petrolatum) between January 1991 and September 1992. A positive reaction to palladium chloride was detected in 171 of the 2,300 patients (7.4%). One hundred sixty-nine of these 171 patients had a concomitant positive reaction to nickel sulfate. In our opinion, the similarity of the external electronic structure of these two elements is not sufficient by itself to justify a wrong immunologic recognition, whereas a stereochemical analysis of the compound of these two metals could better explain the possible mechanism of this cross-reaction.

Sensitization to metals is a significant problem for both dental patients treated with dental materials and for dental professionals in occupational exposures. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of concurrent contact sensitization to relevant for dental practice metals among students of dental medicine, students from dental technician school, dental professionals and patients. Material and Methods: A total of 128 participants were included in the study. All of them were patch-tested with nickel, cobalt, copper, potassium dichromate, palladium, aluminium, gold and tin. The results were subject to statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Results: For the whole studied population, potassium dichromate exhibited concomitant reactivity most often; copper and tin also often manifested co-reactivity. For the groups, exposed in dental practice, potassium dichromate and tin were outlined as the most often co-reacting metal allergens, but statistical significance concerning the co-sensitization to copper and the other metals was established only for aluminium. An increased incidence and OR for concomitant sensitization to cobalt and nickel was established in the group of dental students; to copper and nickel-in the control group; to palladium and nickel-in the group of dental professionals, the group of students of dental medicine and in the control group; to potassium dichromate and cobalt-in the group of dental students; to copper and palladium-in the control group of dental patients; to potassium dichromate and copper-in the group of dental professionals; to copper and aluminum-in the groups of students from dental technician school and of dental professionals; to copper and gold-in the groups of dental professionals and in the group of dental patients; to potassium dichromate and aluminum-in the group of dental professionals; to potassium dichromate and goldin the group of dental professionals, and to aluminium and tin-in the groups of dental professionals and in the group of dental patients. Conclusions: Our data indicate a high risk of concurrent contact sensitization to the studied relevant for dental practice metals. Since the role of occupational exposures can't be excluded, adequate preventive measures and information should be provided. General population also need to be well informed and the European Union regulations to be properly applied.

Sensitization to metals is a significant problem for both dental patients treated with dental materials and for dental professionals in occupational exposures. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of concurrent contact sensitization to relevant for dental practice metals among students of dental medicine, students from dental technician school, dental professionals and patients. Material and Methods: A total of 128 participants were included in the study. All of them were patch-tested with nickel, cobalt, copper, potassium dichromate, palladium, aluminium, gold and tin. The results were subject to statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Results: For the whole studied population, potassium dichromate exhibited concomitant reactivity most often; copper and tin also often manifested co-reactivity. For the groups, exposed in dental practice, potassium dichromate and tin were outlined as the most often co-reacting metal allergens, but statistical significance concerning the co-sensitization to copper and the other metals was established only for aluminium. An increased incidence and OR for concomitant sensitization to cobalt and nickel was established in the group of dental students; to copper and nickel-in the control group; to palladium and nickel-in the group of dental professionals, the group of students of dental medicine and in the control group; to potassium dichromate and cobalt-in the group of dental students; to copper and palladium-in the control group of dental patients; to potassium dichromate and copper-in the group of dental professionals; to copper and aluminum-in the groups of students from dental technician school and of dental professionals; to copper and gold-in the groups of dental professionals and in the group of dental patients; to potassium dichromate and aluminum-in the group of dental professionals; to potassium dichromate and goldin the group of dental professionals, and to aluminium and tin-in the groups of dental professionals and in the group of dental patients. Conclusions: Our data indicate a high risk of concurrent contact sensitization to the studied relevant for dental practice metals. Since the role of occupational exposures can't be excluded, adequate preventive measures and information should be provided. General population also need to be well informed and the European Union regulations to be properly applied.

Periodic Table of Elements is the central to study Chemistry. It is, however considered by students as difficult to learn. Students confused between the change in physical properties when going down the group and chemical properties of Group 1 and Group 17. Students also found that this chapter is not interesting and involve a lot of memorization. The purpose of this research is to enhance students’ understanding about alkali metals and halogens through fun learning. 18 Form Four students, aged 16, who study Chemistry involved in this study. Six learning stations that include the physical properties of alkali metals and halogens, chemical properties of alkali metals
and halogens, and hands on activities for chemical reactions are used in this study to enhance students’ learning. Students are divided randomly into six groups to explore in each leaning station. Formative assessment is carried out after learning activities in each station. Results of assessment shows positive effect of learning stations towards understanding of Periodic Table of Elements, at which 66.67% of students can master the concepts and hands-on activity about alkali metals while 69.45% of students understand the chemical properties of halogens. Findings also shows that 88.89% of students found that the learning stations enable them to understand
new concepts easily and made learning alkali metals and halogens interesting and fun. This implies that this teaching and learning method can be used for other topics in chemistry.

Sensitization to metals is a significant problem for both dental patients treated with dental materials and for dental professionals in occupational exposures. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of concurrent contact sensitization to relevant for dental practice metals among students of dental medicine, students from dental technician school, dental professionals and patients. Material and Methods: A total of 128 participants were included in the study. All of them were patch-tested with nickel, cobalt, copper, potassium dichromate, palladium, aluminium, gold and tin. The results were subject to statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Results: For the whole studied population, potassium dichromate exhibited concomitant reactivity most often; copper and tin also often manifested co-reactivity. For the groups, exposed in dental practice, potassium dichromate and tin were outlined as the most often co-reacting metal allergens, but statistical significance concerning the co-sensitization to copper and the other metals was established only for aluminium. An increased incidence and OR for concomitant sensitization to cobalt and nickel was established in the group of dental students; to copper and nickel-in the control group; to palladium and nickel-in the group of dental professionals, the group of students of dental medicine and in the control group; to potassium dichromate and cobalt-in the group of dental students; to copper and palladium-in the control group of dental patients; to potassium dichromate and copper-in the group of dental professionals; to copper and aluminum-in the groups of students from dental technician school and of dental professionals; to copper and gold-in the groups of dental professionals and in the group of dental patients; to potassium dichromate and aluminum-in the group of dental professionals; to potassium dichromate and goldin the group of dental professionals, and to aluminium and tin-in the groups of dental professionals and in the group of dental patients. Conclusions: Our data indicate a high risk of concurrent contact sensitization to the studied relevant for dental practice metals. Since the role of occupational exposures can't be excluded, adequate preventive measures and information should be provided. General population also need to be well informed and the European Union regulations to be properly applied.

This chapter shows that a variety of neural networks directly produce element-element
self-association matrices. These constitute unbiased and interesting ways to make explicit the
periodic laws implicit in the properties of the elements. These neural network Periodic Table
matrices show elements self-associating into clusters and form themselves into periodic
patterns, when the elements are ordered in the matrix by their atomic numbers. Two
differently designed neural networks were used to reach comparable results. The first is the
interactive activation and competition (IAC-NN), proposed by McClelland and Rumelhart
[4]. The second is the self-associative Kohonen map [5, 6]. Both of these networks are
capable of revealing element associations.

I n 1869 Mendeleev 1 presented the periodic law of the elements to the scientific community. Mendeleev knew the existence and some properties of about 60 elements. For the vast majority of these elements, his knowledge was restricted to atomic weight, reaction of the element with oxygen, atomic radius, and melting point. 2 He had so much confidence in his discovery that he left empty positions in his table. These spaces were dedicated to those elements that, according to him, would still have to be discovered. If one takes into consideration the limited information available, the table developed by Mendeleev deserves the greatest admiration.